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ID: 60635
Title: Effects of harvesting on productivity of bay leaf tree (cinnamomum tamala Nees & Eberm: Case from Udayapur district of Nepal.
Author: Dyutiman choudhary, S.P. Kala, N.P. Todaria , S. Dasgupta, M. Kollmair.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 163-170 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: agro forestry, tree leaf harvesting, yield, management practices, sustainable development.
Abstract: Cultivation of bay leaves (Cinnamomum tamala Nees & Eberm) to fulfil house hold income needs is a long established practice in Udayapur district of Nepal.The practices adopted by farmers for bay leaf harvesting have not , however ,been validated by scientific investigation for their sustainability. To investigate the impacts of harvesting on the yield of branch, leaves and biomass of leaves, a two-year research project was conducted in farm fields at Kopche village of Routa VDC in Udayapur district,Nepal. Four different harvesting treatments, the orientation and the order of branches were taken as independent variables to test their effects on number of branches, leaves and biomass of leaves . Orientation ,harvesting treatments and order of branches had a significant effect on the number of branches, but not on the number of leaves or biomass (fresh and dry weight) of leaves in the year of harvest. Between two consecutive harvests there was no significant difference in the number of branches, leaves or biomass. Lower two-thirds portion of the trees produced the largest number of leaves and branches of the fourth order in both years. Therefore ,lower two-thirds portion of the trees were suitable for harvesting.Our findings support farmer experience that no change in productivity of leaves is observed when harvesting each year .For long term sustainability ,harvesting should be conducted without debarking of trees or damage to branches. Our findings could be extrapolated to and tested in other areas with different access and user rights where the rotation for harvest is fixed or regulated without research evidence.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Aumeeruddy-Thoas Y.2005.Conservation and management of Himalayan medicinal plants, a regional perspective for identifying wise practices and approaches. In: Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y, Karki M, Gurung K, Parajuli D (eds), Himalayan Medicinal and Aromatic Plants ,Balancing use and Conservation.Kathmandu: Government of Nepal, Ministry of Forests and Soil conservation,pp.40-55. Bhatt DM,Ravindranath NH,Gadgil M. 1995.Effect of lopping intensity on tree growth and stand productivity in tropical forests.Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 8(1): 15-23.
Literature cited 2: Bi J, Blanco JA, Kimmins JP, Ding Y, Seely B, Welham C. 2007. Yield decline in Chinese Fir plantations: A simulation investigation with implications for model complexity.Canadian Journal of Forest Reserch, 37(9): 1615-1630. Blanco JA, Zavala MA, Imbert JB, Castillo FJ. 2005.Sustainability of forest management practices: Evaluation through a simulation model of nutrient cycling. Forest Ecology and Management, 213(1-3): 209-228.

ID: 60634
Title: Morphogenetic responses of populous alba L. under salt stress.
Author: Mejda Abassi, Khaled Mguis, Zoubeir Bejaoui, Ali Albouchi.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 155-161 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: poplar, salinity,leaf elongation,vigor,internode length, floral bud
Abstract: The morphogenetic responses to salt stress of Tunisian populus alba clones were studied in order to promote their plantation in damaged saline areas. One year-old plants of three p.alba clones (MA-104, MA- 195 and OG) were subjected to progressive salt stress by irrigation during two consecutive years.The plants were gown in a nursery ,inside plastic receptacles containing sandy soil and were irrigated with tap water (control) or 3-6 g/l Nacl solution. During this study , leaf epinasty , elongation rate, vigor, internode length , plant architecture,and number of buds were evaluated . Test clone response was highly dependent on the applied treatment and degree of accommodation.The most pronounced alterations were induced under 6g/l of Nacl treatment including leaf epinasty, leaf elongation rate dely, vigor decrease , internode length shortening, and morphogenetic modifications. These responses were less noticeable in the MA-104 clone with respect to the two other clones.The salt effect induced a delay in the leaf elongation rate on the MA-195 and OG clones leading to an early leaf maturity. The vigour and internode length of the MA-104 clone was less affected than the other clones. The OGclone was the most salt-sensitive thus, it developed shorter branches and more buds number than MA-195 and MA- 104. The effect of long-term salt stress was to induce early flowering of the P.alba clones which suggests that mechanism of salt accommodation could be developed .
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abassi M, Albouchi A, Ben Mansoura A, Bejaoui Z, Rejeb MN, Mougou A. 2004.Tolerance de divers clones de peuplier a la salinite. Annales de I ' INRGREF, 6: 17-34. Abassi M, 2009. Tolerance de divers clones de peuplier a la salinite: Aspects morphologiques, ecophysiologiques, metaboliques, anatomiques et ultra structuraux.These de doctorat en sciences agronomiques (ecophysiologie), IRESA, Univ de Tunis, p.256.
Literature cited 2: Abassi M, Albouchi A, Bejaoui Z, Sellami D. 2010. Incidence de la salinite sur la croissance de jeunes plants de peuplier blanc(populous alba L.). Annles de I ' INRGREF, 10: 60-68. Barhoumi Z, Djebali W, Chaibi W, Abdelly C, Smaoui A. 2007. Salt impact on photosynthesis and leaf structure of Aeluropus littoralis.Journal of plant Research,120: 529-537.

ID: 60633
Title: Variability in permeability in integrity of cell membrane and depletion of food reserves in neem(Azadirachta indica ) seeds from trees of different age classes.
Author: Devendra Kumar, Dhruv Kumar Mishra.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 147-153 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Phospholipids, ?-Tocopherol , Lipid peroxidation, Azadirachta indica.
Abstract: We Quantified cell membrane permeability (electrical conductivity -EC, water soluble sugar-WSS, and amino acids-AA) and integrity (phospholipids, ?-tocopherol and lipid peroxidation) along with food reserve deterioration (total proteins, total sugar, total starch) of neem seeds collected from various mother tree age classes and stored for 65 days in airtight plastic containers at ambient room temperature (35?5?c). Results show that the activities were higher in fresh seeds(EC 267.56-2950.01 ?s/g, WSS 19.96-19-48 mg/g and AA 5.40-5.35 mg/g) and declined with increasing duration of storage period (EC 153.37-195.17?s/g,WSS 3.13-4.17MG/G and AA 4.29-4.49mg/g after 35 days and EC 144.02- 161.56 ?S/g,WSS 2.06-2.40 mg/g and AA 3.98-4.27 mg/g after 65 days of storage).Phospholipids and ?-tocopherol were higher in fresh seed (0.073-0.093 OD at 710 nm and 0.080-0.105 OD,respectively ) and declined as storage duration increased (0.033-0.042 OD at 710 nm and 00.0010-0.0020 OD, respectively ).Dead seeds showed reduced amounts of phospholipids and minimum activity of ?-tocopherol (antioxidants) The level of MDA was lower in fresh seeds (0.0066-0.0087 OD at 600-535 nm) and increased as storage duration increased (0.0248-0.0268 OD after 65 days of storage ). The higher amount of MDA indicated that seeds died due to rancidity of the oil inside the seed .Neem seed cake was assessed for deterioration of food reserves (total proteins , total sugar, and total starch), concentrations of which were higher in fresh seed and declined as storage duration increased . Germination was higher in fresh seeds and after 65 days , no germination was received perhaps due to deterioration of biochemical in seeds. Patterns of seed deterioration were similar across all seed lots.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abdul-Baki AA,Anderson JD. 1970.Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley.crop science,10: 31-34. Abdul-Baki AA, Anderson JD.1972.Physiological and biochemical deterioration of seeds. In: Kozlowski T.T.(Ed), seed biology,vol.2. New York : Academic press,pp. 283-315.
Literature cited 2: Agrawal PK, Dadlani M.1992. Membrane permeability : A measure of seed quality .In: Agrawal P.Kand DadlaniM. (eds), Techniques in seed science and technology. New Delhi : South Asian Publisher, International Book company Absecon Highlands, N.J. pp. 127-133. Agrawal PK.1977.Germination , fat acidity and leaching of sugars from five cultivars of paddy rice (oryza sativa) seeds during storage . seed science and Technology. 5: 489-498.

ID: 60632
Title: Does tree species composition control the soil carbon stocks of the Hyrcanian forest in the Northern Iran? (A case study in Guilan province, Iran)
Author: Vilma Bayramzadeh
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 143-146 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: beech forest, canopy coverage, soil carbon stocks, tree composition.
Abstract: This work studied the effects of tree species composition on soil carbon storage in five mixed stands dominated by oriental beech and grown in the western Caspian region in Guilan province, called Astara, Asalem, Fuman, Chere and Shenrud .Thickness of the litter layer, soil characteristics, tree composition and percentage of canopy coverage were measured in each stand. Total soil organic carbon differed significantly by stand. Total(organic) carbon stores at Fuman, which had the lowest tree species richness with 2 species and least canopy coverage(75%), were significantly (p<0.05) higher than at other locations. Carbon storage in topsoil (0-10 cm) was significantly lower in shenrud, which had the highest tree species richness with 5 species and highest canopy coverage in shenrud probably limited the conversion of litter to humus. However, in the second soil layer (10-25 cm), Asalem, with high tree species richness and canopy coverage, had the highest carbon storage. This can be explained by the different rooting patterns of different tree species. In the Hyrcanian forest. According to the results, it can be concluded that not only tree composition but also canopy coverage percentage should be taken under consideration to manage soil carbon retention and release.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Adger WN, Brown K, Shiel RS, Whitby MC, 1992.Carbon Dynamics of land use in Great Britain. J.Environ.Manage, 36(2): 117-133. Berger T, Hager H, 2000.Physical top soil properties in pure stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and mixed species stands in Austria. Forest Ecol Manage, 136(1-3): 159-172.
Literature cited 2: Berger T, Neubauer Ch, Glatzel G.2002.Factors controlling soil carbon and nitrogen stores in pure stands of Norway Spruce (picea abies ) and mixed species stands in Austria.Forest Ecol Manage,159(1-2): 3-14. Blake GR, Hartge KH. 1986. Bulk density. In: A.Klute (e.d), Methods of Soil analysis, part 1, 2nd ed , Agronomy Monograph 9.Madison(WI)Agronomy society of America and soil science society of America ,pp.363-75.

ID: 60631
Title: The impact of land afforestation on carbon stocks surrounding Tehran, Iran.
Author: Saeid Varamesh, Seyyed Hosseini, Frshad Keivan Behjou.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 135-141 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Carbon Sequestration, afforestation, cupressus arizonica, Fraxinus rotundifolia, Tehran.
Abstract: The city of Tehran, like many polluted metropolises of the world, has higher emissions of green house gases than other cities in Iran, due to heavy consumption of fossil fuel and land use changes. To estimate carbon sequestration in two 40 year-old stands of planted cupressus arizonica and Fraxinus rotundifolia in degraded lands surrounding Tehran, sampling of above -and below -ground bioass ,soil (at two depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm), and leaf litter was done by systematic random sampling . The total carbon stocks of c.arizona and F. rotundifolia stands were respectively 328.20 and 150.69 Mg.ha??.The aboveground biomass with 233. 16(71%) Mg.ha?? in arizonica and 88.16(58.50%) Mg.ha?? in F. rotundifolia contributed the most shares to carbon sequestration. The diameter at breast height, total height, basal carbon sequestration. The diameter at breast height, total height, basal area, total volume, and biomass of c.arizonica were significantly (p< 0.01) higher than those of F. rotundifolia. Also the depth of 0-30cm of soil contributed between 18.29% and 32.15% of total ecosystem carbon, respectively. The economic value of carbon sequestration in the two stands in 2011 was calculated at 3.5 and 2.5 million dollars, respectively. Our results indicate that afforestation of the degraded land surrounding Tehran would sequester more carbon than would continuously degraded land, the current status quo. These stands can absorb atmospheric Co2 at different rates, thus tree species selection and stand development should be considered in planning future afforestation projects.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Allard V, Soussana JF, FalcimagneR, Berbigier P. Bonnefond JM, Ceschia E, D ' hou P, Henault C, Laville P, Martin C, Pinare s-patino c. 2007. The role of grazing management for the net biome productivity and Green house gas Budget (co2, N2o and CH4) of semi-natural grassland. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 121: 47-58. Allison LE.1965. Organic carbon. In: Black ,C.A.Evans, D.D., White , J.L., Ensminger, L.E. Clark , F.E.(Eds) ,Methods of soil Analysis ,part 2, chemical and Microbiological properties .Madison : American society of Agronomy, p.1367.
Literature cited 2: Aradottir A. Ssavarsdottir L, Kristian H., Jonsson P, Gudbergson G. 2000. Carbon accumulation in vegetation and solids by reclamation of degraded areas. Icelandic Agricultural Sciences. , 13: 99-113. Arevalo CBM, Bhatti JS, Chang SX, Sidders D. 2009. Ecosystem carbon stocks and distribution under different land-uses in north central Alberta, Canada, Forest Ecology and Management. 257(8): 345-357.

ID: 60630
Title: Estimation of the carbon pool in soil and above -ground biomass within mangrove forests in southeast Mexico using allometric equations.
Author: Jesus Jaime Guerra-Santos, Rosa Maria Ceron -Breton, Julia Griselda Ceron -Breton, Diana Lizett Damian -Hernandez , Reyna cristina Sanchez -Junco, Emma del Carmen Guevara Carrio.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 129-134 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Carbon storage, Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa, Avicennia germinans, tree biomass.
Abstract: We report the results of carbon stored in soil and aboveground biomass from the most important area of mangroves in Mexico, with dominant vegetation of red mangrove in Mexico, with dominant vegetation of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L),Black mangrove(Avicennia germinans L), white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa Gaerth) and button mangrove (conocarpus erectus L). We sampled soils with high fertility during the dry season in 2009 and 2010 as three sites on Atasta peninsula; Campeche. We used allometric equations to estimate above ground biomass (AGEB) of trees. AGB was higher in c.erectus (253.18?32.17 t-ha??). Lower in A.germinans(161.93? 12.63 t-ha??), and intermediate in R.mangle(181.70?16.58 t-ha??) and L. racemosa (206.07?19.12 t-ha?? ).Of the three studied sites, the highest absolute value for AGB was 279.72 t-ha?? in button mangrove forest at any single site. Carbon stored in soil at the three sites ranged from 36.80?10.27 to 235.77?66.11 t-ha??. The Turkey test (p<0.05) made for AGB was higher for black mangrove showed significant differences in soil carbon content between black mangrove and button mangrove .C.erectus had higher AGB compared with the other species. A. germinans trees had lower AGB because they grew in hyper saline environments, which reduced their development. C. erectus grew on higher ground where soils were richer in nutrients .AGB tended to be low in areas near the sea and increased with distance from the coast. A. germinans usually grew on recently deposited sediments. We assumed that all sites have the same potential to store carbon in soil, and then we found that there were no significant differences in carbon content between the three samples sites: all sites had potential to store carbon for long periods. Carbon storage at the three sampling sites in the state of Campeche, Mexico, was higher than that reported for other locations.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Amarasinghe MD, Balasubramaniam S. 1992. Net primary productivity of two mangrove forests stands on the northwest coast of sriLanka.Hydrobiology, 247: 37-47. Arreaga W. 2002. Carbon storage in forest with a management program in the natural reserve? Maya peten ?Guetmala. Thesis M.SC. CATIE, Turrialba, CR.P.86.
Literature cited 2: Baccini A, Laporte N, Goetz S J, Sun M, Dong H. 2008.A first map of tropical Africa ' s above-ground biomass derived from satellite imagery .Environmental Research Letters 3(4): 1-9. Basuki T M, Van Laake PE, Skidmore AK, Hussain YA, 2009.Allometric equations for estimating the above -ground biomass in tropical lowland Dipterocarp forest . Forest Ecology and Management, 257: 1684-1694.

ID: 60629
Title: Characterizing Shorea robusta communities in the part of Indian Terai landscape.
Author: V.S. Chitale, M.D. Behera, S. Matin. P.S. Roy. V.K. Sinha.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 121-128 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Vegetation mapping, LISS III, Forest management, Micro level Conservation.
Abstract: Shorea Robusta Gaerth. F (Sal) is one of the important timber-yielding plants in India, which dominates the vegetation of Terai landscape of Uttar Pradesh state in India forming various communities based on its associations. The present study deals with delineation, mapping and characterization of various communities of sal (Shorea robusta) forests in Terai, landscape of Uttar Pradesh, India ranging across over 16 districts. Field survey and visual interpretation based forest vegetation type classification and mapping was carried out as part of the project entitled ' Biodiversity characterization at landscape level using remote sensing and GIS ' . Indian Remote sensing-P6 (Resourcesat-1) Linear Imaging Self Scanner-III satellite data was used during the study. The total area covered by different sal forests was found to be approximately 2256.77Km?. Sal communities were identified and characterized based on their spectral properties, physiognomy and phytosociological characteristics. Following nine sal communities were identified, delineated and mapped with reasonable accuracy viz. Chandar, Damar, Dry plains, moist plains, Western alluvium, western alluvium plains, Mixed moist deciduous, mixed dry deciduous and Siwalik. It is evident from the area estimates that mixed moist deciduous Sal is the most dominant community in the region covering around(1613.90 Km? ), other major communities were found as western alluvium plains Sal(362.44 Km?), mixed dry deciduous Sal (362.44 Km?) and dry plains sal (107.71Km?). The Terai landscape of Uttar Pradesh faces tremendous anthropogenic pressure leading to deterioration of the forests. Community level information could be used monitoring the status as well as for micro level conservation and planning of the sal forests in Terai Landscape of Uttar Pradesh.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: World Agro forestry centre, Agro forestry Database, Shorea robusta. Available at: http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb?/AFTPDFS/Shorea_robusta .pdf [downloaded on 19 September 2011]. Anonymous. 2011. Biodiversity characterization at landscape level in northern plains using satellite remote sensing and geographic information system.Dehradun: Indian Institute of Remote Sensing: Bishen singh Mahendra pal Singh (ISBN-978-81-211-806-5),P. 302
Literature cited 2: Ashton P. 1998.Shorea robusta .In: IUCN Red List of Threatened species. Version 2011.1.Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.[Downloaded on 19 September 2011]. Champion HG, Seth SK.1968. Revised survey of Forest Types of India. Delhi, India: Manager of publications, Government of India.

ID: 60628
Title: Herbaceous species diversity in relation to fire severity in Zagros oak forests, Iran.
Author: Morteza Pourreza, Seyed Mohsen Hosseini, Ali Akbar Safari Sinegani.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 113-120 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: biodiversity, fire severity, oak sprout clump, zagros forests, microsite.
Abstract: Zagros forests are mainly covered by Quercus brantii L. Coppices and oak sprout clumps occupy the forest area like patches. We investigated post-fire herbaceous diversity in the first growing season after fire. For this purpose neighboring burned and unburned areas were selected with the same plant species and ecological conditions. The data were collected from areas subjected to different fire severities. Overall 6 treatments were considered with respect to fire severity and the microsites of inside and outside of oak sprout clumps including : unburned inside and outside of sprout clumps(Ni and No),inside of sprout clumps that burned with high fire severity (H), inside of sprout clumps that burned with moderate fire severity (M), outside of sprout clumps that burned with low fire severity (OH and OM). Different herbaceous composition was observed in the unburned inside and outside of oak sprout clumps. The species diversity and richness were increased in treatments burned with high fire severity (H), herbaceous cover was reduced, evenness was increased, and richness and diversity were significantly changed. We conclude that besides the microsites conditions in forest, fire severity is an inseparable part of the ecological effect of fire on herbaceous composition.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Agee JK. 1993. Fire ecology of the Pacific Northwest, Washington, and D.C.Island press. 493. Andersen AN, Cook GD, Corbett LK, Douglas MM, Eager RW, Russell -smith J, Satterfield SA,Williams RJ, Woinarski JCZ. 2005. Fire frequency and biodiversity conservation in Australian tropical savannas: implications from the Kapalgafire experiment. Austral Ecology, 30: 155-167.
Literature cited 2: Arocena JM and Opio C. 2003. Prescribed fire-induced changes in properties of sub-boreal forest soils. Geoderma, 113: 1-16. Bremner JM, Mulvaney CS.1982.Nitrogen total .In: A.L Page, R.H. Miller and D.R. Keeney (Eds), Methods of soil analysis. Part 2, chemical and microbiological properties .Madison: American society of agronomy, pp .595-624.

ID: 60627
Title: Long-term vegetation development on a wildfire slope in Innerzwain (Styria, Austria)
Author: Bodo Malowersching, Oliver Sass.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 103-111 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Wildfire, land cover change, temperate forest, aerial photos, soil degradation, vegetation development.
Abstract: Forest fires in mountainous areas can cause severe deforestation which can potentially trigger secondary natural hazards like debris falls and avalanches. We documented an extreme case study for the range of possible post-fire land cover (LC) dynamics. We investigated a 15 -ha, step (10? ? ?65 ?) burnt slope in Styria (Austria) at elevation of 760?1130 m, which burned in 1946 and has not fully recovered to date. Seven 8-class legend LC maps were produced (1954, 1966, 1973, 1982, 1998, 2004, 2009) and integrated in a vector-based GIS, mainly by on-screen interpretation of aerial photos. Our aim was to clarify how post-wildfire LC dynamics take place on a severely damaged, steep slope and to give a basic projection of the future vegetation recovery process. The pre-fire pinus sylvestris stands have been mainly replaced by Picea abies and Larix deciduas.Regeneration proceeded mainly from the base of the slope upwards .All tree species together still cover no more than 40% of the slope but steady increase in woodland cover. Degraded rock/debris areas, however, expanded as well because soil erosion and related debris flows remained active. Slope angle (with a threshold value of approx.35-40?) seemed to control whether erosion or regeneration prevailed. According to a simple extrapolation, the slope will not reach its former condition before 2070.This extreme disturbance window of more than 120 years is owed to the steepness of the slope and to the shallow soils on dolomitic bedrock that were severely damaged by the fire. The neglect of any game fencing is a further slowing regeneration.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ahlgren CE.1974.Effects of fires on temperate forests: North central united states .In: T.T. Kozlowski and C.E. Ahlgren (Eds), Fire and ecosystems. New York: Academia press, pp 195-223. Amraouti M, Liberato Margarida LR, Calado TJ, Da Camara CC, Coelho LP, Trigo RM , Gouveia CM.2013. Fire activity over Mediterranean Europe based on information from Meteostat -8, Forest Ecology and Management, 294: 62-72.
Literature cited 2: Austrian Forestry Inventory. 2012 http://bfw.ac.at. Balling RC, Meyer GA, Wells SG. 1992. Climate change in yellow stone National Park: Is the drought -related risk of wildfires increasing? Climate change, 22: 35-45.

ID: 60626
Title: Evaluation of the adaptability and response of indigenous trees to assisted rehabilitation on the degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake catchment (Debre Zeit, Ethiopia)
Author: Wondwossen Gebretsadik
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 97-102 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Infiltration pits, Kuriftu Lake Catchment, Water Harvesting.
Abstract: Removal of trees and shrubs from hillsides exposes a site to erosion that threatens soil aggregation and stability. The Present study aimed at evaluating the performance of five indigenous tree species in rehabilitation of degraded hillsides of Kuriftu Lake catchment and the role of water harvesting structures.Adaptibility varied by tree species and water harvesting structures significantly augmented seedling establishment for some tree species. Height of Acacia abyssinica planted on steeper slopes (18%-27%) without infiltration pits was lower than for conspecifics planted with infiltration pits. Dodonaea angustifolia was proved to be best adapted to the site and showed no need for water harvesting regardless of planting position across the degraded hillside. Planting of Acacia seyal should be restricted to gentler slopes (0-17%) with infiltration pits: tree height declined significantly on steep slopes without infiltration pits. Olea Africana performed better on gentle slopes with pits but also grew well on steeper slopes with pits.Euclea schimperi was proved to be least effective of the species evaluated in this study.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anschutz J, Kome A, Nederlof M, Neer R, and Ton V.2003.Water harvesting and soil moisture retention. Agrodok, 13: 10-13. Blanko H. Rattan L. 2008.Principles of soil conservation and Management (1st edition). Springer, pp 399-400.
Literature cited 2: Birhanu Z, Matthew M, Bharat S, Abeyou W.2011. Integrated rainwater management strategies in the Blue Nile Basin of the Ethiopian highlands. International Journal of Water Resources and Environment Engineering. 3: 220-222.

ID: 60625
Title: Influence of climatic conditions, topography and soil attributes on the spatial distribution of site productivity index of the species rich forests of Jalisco, Mexico.
Author: Adel Mohamed, Robin M. Reich, Raj Khosla C. Aguirre-Bravo, Martin Mendoza Briseno.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 87-95 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Best management practices, climate change, spatial predictions, tropical dry forests, weighted least sqares.
Abstract: This paper presents an approach based on field data to model the spatial distribution.of the site productivity index (SPI) of the diverse forest types in Jalisco, Mexico and the response in SPI to site and climatic conditions. A linear regression model was constructed to test the hypothesis that site and climate variables can be used to predict the SPI of the major forest types in Jalisco.SPI varied significantly with topography (elevation, aspect, and slope),soil attributes (pH, sand, silt), climate (temperature, and precipitation Zones) and forest type .The most important variable in the model was forest type, which accounted for 35%of the variability in SPI . Temperature and precipitation accounted for 8to 9% of the variability in SPI. No significant differences were detected between the observed and predicted SPI for the individual forest types. The linear regression model was used to develop maps of the spatial variability in predicted SPI for the individual forest types in the state. The spatial site productivity models developed in this study provides a basis for understanding the complex relationship that exists between forest productivity and site and climatic conditions in the state. Findings of this study will assist resource managers in making cost-effective decisions about the management of individual forest types in the state of Jalisco, Mexico.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: AcharyaT, Ray AK.2005.Image processing: principles and applications. New York: Wiley, p.452. Agramont ARE, Mass SF, Bernal GN, Hernandez JIV, Frederickson TS.2012. Effect of human disturbance on the structure and regeneration of forests in the Nevada de Toluca National Park, Mexico. Journal of Forestry Research.23: 39-44.
Literature cited 2: Akaike H. 1969.Fitting autoregressive models for regression. Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 21: 243-247. Avery, T.E. And Burkhart, H.E 2002. Forest Measurements (5th Ed). Madison: McGraw Hill, 456 pp.

ID: 60624
Title: Temporal patterns of storage and flux of N and P in young Teak plantations of tropical moist deciduous forest, India.
Author: Kaushlendra Kumar Jha
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 75-86 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: nutrient uptake, standing state, return turnover time, nutrient use efficiency, compartment model, harvest loss, Tectona grandis
Abstract: Teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f) ranks among the top five tropical hardwood species and is being promoted for use in plantations in its non-native range due to its high economic value. However, there is a general lack of data on ecosystem functioning of teak plantations. We aimed at understanding storage and flux of nutrients related to young plantations of teak. Cycling of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in a chronosequence of plantations (1, 5,11,18,24 and 30 years) was studied in the Moist Deciduous Forest Region of North India with the objective of investigating the nutrient cycling pattern at younger age since the current trend of harvesting age of the species in several tropical countries is being drastically reduced for quick return from this high value crop. Standing state, nutrient uptake, nutrient return and nutrient retranslocation in these plantations were estimated by tree harvesting and chemical analysis methods. The range of total standing nutrient across all these plantations was 20.3 to 586.6 Kg.ha?? for N and 5.3 to 208.8 Kg.ha?? for p. Net uptake of N ranged from 19.4 to 88.9 kg.ha??.a?? and p from 3.8 to 18.1kg.ha??.a??.Retranslocation of N and P among all the stands ranged from 8.7 to 48.0 Kg.ha??.a?? and 0.01 to 3.5Kg.ha??.a??, respectively .Range of total nutrient return was 25.8 to 91.3 Kg.ha??.a?? for N and 2.7 to 10.1 Kg.ha??.a??for p. N and P use efficiency was between 107.4 and 192.5 g dry organic matter (OM) g?? N, and 551.9 and 841.1g OM g?? P, respectively . The turnover time ranged from 2.04-13.17 years for N and between 2.40-22.66 years for p. Quantity of N and p in the soil nutrient pool ranged from 2566.8 to 4426.8 Kg.ha?? and 372 to 520 Kg.ha??, respectively. Storage and flux of components in different plant parts of different aged plantations were assessed and depicted in compartment models. Percentage storage in soil, litter and vegetation ranged from 82% to 99%, 0.6% to 2.4% and 0.5% to 15% for N, respectively, and from 63% to 98%, 0.5% to 2% and 1% to 35% for P, respectively. This information could be useful in managing external nutrient manipulation to crops of different ages for optimum biomass production or carbon sequestration.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Adu-anning c, Blay DJ.2001.Ensuring sustainable harvesting of wood: impact of biomass harvesting on the nutrient stores of teak woodlot stand in the Sudan savanna. Ghana Journal of Forestry, 10: 17-24. Awotoye oo, Ogunkunle CO, Adeniyi SA. 2011. Assessment of soil quality under various land use practices in a humid agro -ecological zone of Nigria. African Journal of Plant science, 5(10): 565-569.
Literature cited 2: Balooni K. 2000. Teak investment programmes: an Indian perspective. Unasylva, 51:22-28. Bargali SS.1990.Structure and functioning of Eucalyptus plantations in Tarai belt of Kumaun Himalaya. Ph. D. Thesis.Nainital, India: Kumaun University.

ID: 60623
Title: Soil quality index as a tool for scots pine (pinus sylvestris) monoculture conversion planning on afforested, reclaimed mine land.
Author: Marcin Pietrzykowski
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 63-74 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: mining sites, afforestation, pine monoculture conversion, soil quality index, forest habitat classification.
Abstract: In central Europe, a large portion of post-mining sites were afforested with Scots pine, which is characterized by good adaptability and a tolerance for poor habitat at the beginning of forest ecosystem development. Conversion of monoculture on mine sites into more biodiverse mixed hardwood forests, especially on more fertile deposits, can be an emerging need in this part of Europe in next decades. The ability to classify the forests at these post -mining sites will facilitate proper species selection as well as the management and formation of the developed ecosystem ' s stability .This work describes the guidelines that can be followed to assess reclaimed mine soil (RMS) quality, using the mine soil quality index (MSQ I) and a classification of developed forest sites as a basis of tree -stand species selection and conversion of pine monocultures. The Research was conducted on four post-mining facilities (lignite, hard coal, sulphur, and sand pit mining areas) on different RMS substrates dominant in central Europe. Soil quality assessment takes into account the following features of the soil: texture soil soil nutrients (ca, Mg, K, Na, P); acidity (pH KCI); and Corg-to-Nt ratio in the initial organic horizon. An analysis was conducted of classification system using the MSQI validation correlation (at p=0.05) with vegetation features affected by succession: aboveground biomass of forest floor and ecological indicators of vascular plants (calculated on the basis of Ellenberg ' s (2009) system). Eventually, in the analysed data set, the MSQI ranged from 0.270 for soils on quaternary sands to 0.720 for a mix of quaternary loamy sands with neogene clays. Potential forest habitat types and the role of the pine in the next generation of tree stands on different RMS parent rock substrate were proposed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anderson DW.1977.Early stages of soil formation of glacial ill mine spols in semiarid climate. Geoderma, 19: 11-19. Andrews JA, Jhonson JE, Torbert JL, Burger JA, Kelting DL.1998.Minesoil and site properties associated with early height growth of eastern white pine. Environ Qual,27:192-199.
Literature cited 2: Baule H, Fricker C. 1970.The Fertilizer treatment of forest trees.Munchen, Germany: BLV-Verlagssges, p.259. Baumann K, Rumpelt A, Schneider BU, Marschner P, Huttl R.F.2006. Seedling biomass and element content of Pinus sylvestris and pinus nigra grown in sandy substrates with lignite. Geoderma, 136: 573-578.

ID: 60622
Title: Response of pinus koraiensis seedling growth to different light conditions based on the assessment of photosynthesis in current and one-year-old needles.
Author: Jiaojun Zhu, Kai Wang, Yirong Sun, Qiaoling Yan.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 53-62 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: light requirement, needle age, needle trait, photosynthetic plasticity, pinus koraiensis,
Abstract: As one of the three major five-leaved pines in the northern hemisphere, pinus koraiensis is the most important dominant tree species in the natural mixed-broadleaved Korean pine forests. However, the regeneration of P. Koraiensis under the canopy of secondary forest stands is poor because of the light limitation. This study was conducted to understand how p. Koraiensis seedlings adapt to different light intensities and what would be the optimum light level for their establishment and growth .Three repetition plots with four light intensities (15%, 30%, 60% and 100% of the natural incident irradiances, achieved by suspending layers of black nylon net above and surrounding the plots) were set up under natural climate conditions in a montane region in eastern Liaoning province, Northeast china. A total of 80 P. Koraiensis seedlings with similar height and root collar diameter were transplanted into four plots. After one year of acclimation to the specific light conditions, the seasonal variations of the photosynthetic variables and needle traits of the current and one-year- old needles and the growth parameters were observed under four light intensities. The results indicated that : (1) The seedling at 60% treatment exhibited the greatest growth, which agreed with the response of the light-saturated photosynthetic rates(Amax) and the dark respiration rate (Rd) in the current and one-year-old needles,i.e ,Rd at 60% treatment was significantly lower than that at 100% treatment, but Amax did not differ between the seedlings at 100% and 60% treatments. (2) The P. Koraiensis seedlings have a certain photosynthetic plasticity to adapt the light conditions by adjusting their needle traits and regulating the physiological processes, because Amax,Rd light saturation point and compensation point, the needle mass area, needle nitrogen and chlorophyll contents were significantly (p<0.05)correlated with the light intensities. Especially, Amax at 100% and 60% treatments was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that at 30% and 15% treatments for both current and one -year old needles. (3) The needles of different ages played a commutative role during the growing season, i.e., the one-year-old needles played a major role for the photosynthesis in the early growing season.This ensured the effective photosynthesis throughout the growing season. These finding suggest that P. Koraiensis is the in-between heliophilous and shade-tolerant tree species at least for the seedling up to 8 years.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Barnes BV, Xu ZB, Zhao SD. 1992. Forest ecosystems in an old-growth pine-mixed hardwood forest of changbai Shan preserve in northeastern china. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22: 144-160. Bloor JMG, Grubb PJ.2003.Growth and morality in high and low light: trends among 15 shade-tolerant tropical rain forest tree species .Journal of Ecology. 91: 77- 85.
Literature cited 2: Boardman NK. 1977. Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade plants. Annual Review Plant Physiology, 28: 355-377. Bond BJ, Farnsworth BT, Coulombe RA, Winner WE.1999.Foliage physiology and biochemistry in response to light gradients in conifers with varying shade tolerance. Oecologia, 120: 183-192.

ID: 60621
Title: Estimating pinus palustris tree diameter and stem volume from tree height, crown area and stand-level parameters
Author: C.A. Gonzalez-Benecke, Salvador A. Gezan, Lisa J. Samuelson Wendell P. Cropper Jr., Daniel J. Leduc. Timothy A. Martin.
Editor: YANG chuan -ping
Year: 2014
Publisher: The Editorial Board of Journal of Forestry Research.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Journal of Forestry Research.vol.25 (1) 43-52 (2014)
Subject: Forestry Research
Keywords: Longleaf pine, diameter -height relationships, crown area, individual -tree stem volume, growth and yield modeling.
Abstract: Accurate and efficient estimation of forest growth and live biomass is a critical element in assessing potential responses to forest management and environmental change. The objective of this study was to develop models to predict longleaf pine tree diameter at breast height (dbh) and merchantable stem volume (V) using data obtained from field measurements. We used longleaf pine tree data from 3,376 planted trees on 127 permanent plots located in the U.S. Gulf Coastal plain region to fit equations to predict dbh as functions of tree height (H) and crown area (CA). Prediction of dbh as a function of H improved when CA was added as an additional independent variable. Similarly, predictions of V based on H improved when CA was included. Incorporation of additional stand variables such as age, site index, dominant height, and stand density were also evaluated but resulted in only small improvements in model performance. For model testing we used data from planted and naturally-regenerated trees located inside and outside the geographic area used for model fitting. Our results suggest that the models area robust alternative for dbh and v estimations when H and CA are known on planted stands with potential for naturally-regenerated stands, across a wide range of ages. We discuss the importance of these models for use with metrics derived from remote sensing data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Andersen H-E, Reutebuch SE, and Mc Gaughey RJ 2006. Arigorous assessment of tree height measurements obtained using airborne lidar and conventional field methods. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 32: 355-366. Baldwin VC, Saucier JR.1983.Aboveground weight and volume of unthinned, planted longleaf pine on west Gulf Forest Orleans, L.A.Research paper SO-191, p.25.
Literature cited 2: Bi H, Fox JC, Li Y, pang Y. 2012.Evaluation of nonlinear equations for predicting diameter from tree height. Canadian journal of Forest research, 42:1-18 Chen X, Hutley LB, Eamus D.2003.carbon balance of a tropical savanna of northern Australia. Oecologia, 137: 405-416.