Enter records

ID: 61146
Title: Assemblages of endophytic fungi on Salicornia europaea disjunctively distributed in Japan: towards clarification of the ubiquity of fungal endophytes on halophytes and their ecological roles.
Author: Izumi Okane and Akira Nakagiri.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 62-71 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Dematiaceous fungi, endophytic fungi, halophytes, Salicornia europaea.
Abstract: We studied assemblages of endophytic fungi on the halophilic plant salicornia europaea in Japan. This plant is disjunctively distributed in the eastern Hokkaido and the Seto Inland Sea (Setouchi) regions. Various dematiaceous fungi that form dark spores and/or mycelia (and the related ascigerous stages) were common in S.europaea. Among them, pleospora sp.(anamorph:Stemphylium) and Alternaria alternate were the major endophytes found in the plant, followed by Alternaria phragmospora and Cladosporium cladosporiodes.Fungal assemblages from Hokkaido were similar among years, as were assemblages collected in completely segregated regions in Japan, Hokkaido and Setouchi. While such dematiaceous fungi are generally known to be epiphytes living on the surface of terrestrial vascular plants, they may ubiquitously inhabit halophytes such as Salicornia.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Arnold, A.E., Understanding the diversity of foliar endophytic fungi: progress, challenges, and frontiers. Fungal Biol.Rev, 2007, 21, 51-66. Arnold, A.E.and Lutzoni, F., Diversity and host range of foliar fungal endophytes: are tropical leaves diversity hotspots? Ecology, 2007, 88, 541-549.
Literature cited 2: Stone, J.K., Bacon, C.W. and White, J.F., An overview of endophytic microbes: endophytism defined. In Microbial Endophytes (eds Bacon, C.W. and White, J.F.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000, pp.3-30. Bertoni, M.D.and Cabral, D., Phyllosphere of Eucalyptus viminalis II: distribution of endophytes.Hova Hedwigia, 1988, 46, 491-502.

ID: 61145
Title: The role of endophyte diversity in protecting plants from defoliation by leaf-cutting ants.
Author: Catalina Estrada, Ethan C. Degner, Enith I. Rojas, William T. Wcislo and Sunshine A. Van Bael.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 55-61 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Atta colombica, Colletotrichum tropicale, fungal community, herbivory, symbiosis.
Abstract: Plants host a vast diversity of fungal symbionts inside their tissues that live in close proximity with each other to form rich and dynamic communities. Although endophytes can affect plant-herbivore interactions in several ways, it is still not known to what extent such effects are influenced by the properties of endophyte communities or by particular species traits. Here we compared the effects of high versus low foliar fungal endophyte diversity on the preferences of laboratory and wild colonies of leaf-cutting ants. We found that when endophyte densities were high, the ants responded similarly to leaves hosting one endophyte species, Colletotrichum tropicale, or those hosting a species-rich endophyte community. Results were also consistent when comparing the laboratory versus wild ant colonies. We discuss the significance of these results with respect to the ecological effects of plant-endophyte interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Rodriguez, R.J., White, J.F., Arnold, A.E. and Redman, R.S., Fungal endophytes: diversity and functional roles. New Phytol., 2009, 182, 314-330. Saikkonen, K., Wali, P., Helander, M. and Faeth, S.H., Evolution of endophyte-plant symbioses. Trends Plant Sci., 2004, 9, 275-280.
Literature cited 2: Saikkonen, K., Saari, S.and Helander, M., Defensive mutualism between plants and endophytic fungi? Fungal Divers., 2010, 41, 101-113. Hartley, S.E. and Gange, A.C., Impacts of plant symbiotic fungi on insect herbivores: mutualism in a multitrophic context.Annu.Rev.Entomol, 2009, 54, 323-342.

ID: 61144
Title: Entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes: plant-endophyte-herivore interactions and prospects for use in biological control.
Author: Stefan Vidal and Lara R. Jaber.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 46-54 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, biocontrol, colonization, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicillium lecanii.
Abstract: It is now evident that entomopathogenic fungi are able to colonize plant tissues as symptomless endophytes. Although most data so far published in this regard refer to Beauveria bassiana as an endophytic fungus, two other entomopathogenic fungi, viz.Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii have also been shown to colonize plant tissues endophytically. Several recent studies have also shown reasonable detrimental effects on herbivorous insects feeding on plants harbouring these fungi as endophytes. However, data published so far are highly variable and not consistent with regard to other underlying mechanisms which would allow explaining these effects. Growth conditions, specific cultivar features, or interactions with other microorganisms may impact the effect of these endophytic entomopathogenic fungi on the herbivorous insects. Furthermore, other fungi may block the systematic growth of the fungi in plant parts distant to the point of inoculation. Other parameters which need to be taken into account for using these fungi as biocontrol agents are the level of mycotoxins produced in plants, the level of pest reduction and the nature of formulations allowing a consistent colonization of the crop plants. This review discusses these and other problems related to the use of entomopathogenic fungi as endophytic biocontrol agents.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Arnold, A.E., Maynard, Z., Gilbert, G.S., Coley, P.D. and Kursar, T.A., Are tropical fungal endophytes hyperdiverse? Ecol.Lett, 2000, 3, 267-274. Stone, J.K., Bacon, C.W. and White Jr, J.F., An overview of endophytic microbes: endophytism defined. In Microbial Endophytes (eds White Jr, J.F.and Bacon, C.W.), Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000, pp.3-29.
Literature cited 2: Carroll, G.C., The biology of endophytism in plants with particular reference to woody perennials. In Microbiology of the Phylosphere (eds Fokkema, N.J. and van de3n Huevel, J.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986, pp.205-222. Schulz, B. and Boyle, C., The endophytic continuum.Mycol.Res, 2005, 109, 661-686.

ID: 61143
Title: Fungal endophytes are involved in multiple balanced antagonisms.
Author: B.Schulz, S.Haas, C.Junker, N.Andree and M.Schobert.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 39-45 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Fungal endophyte, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, multipartite symbiosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, secondary metabolites
Abstract: In order for endophytic fungi to grow asymptomatically in their plant hosts, a balance of antagonisms is presumed to exist between host defence and fungal virulence. However, in planta, endophytic fungi must deal with multiple organismal interactions, primarily with bacteria and other fungi. We hypothesize that the plethora of antibacterial and antifungal metabolites that endophytic fungi produce has the function of maintaining balances of antagonisms with microbial competitors, resulting in a compatible multipartite symbiosis. Results obtained from co-cultures of endophytic and rhizospheric fungi with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and of endophytic fungi with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, pathogen of the European ash, corroborate this hypothesis.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Schulz, B. and Boyle, C., The endophytic continuum.Mycol.Res, 2005, 109, 661-686. Rodriguez, R.J., White, J.F., Arnold, A.E. and Redman, R.S., Fungal endophytes: diversity and functional roles. New Phytol., 2009, 182, 314-330.
Literature cited 2: Peters, S., Aust, H.-J., Draeger, S. and Schulz, B., Interactions in dual cultures of endophytic fungi with host and nonhost plant calli.Mycologia, 1998, 90, 360-367. Schulz, B., Boyle, C., Draeger, S., Rommert, A. -K and Krohn, K., Review: Endophytic fungi: a source of novel biologically active secondary metabolites.Mycol.Res, 2002, 106, 996-1004.

ID: 61142
Title: Conservation of medicinally important plants by the indigenous people of Manipur (Meiteis) by incorporating them with religion and nature worship.
Author: A.K.Phurailatpam, S.R.Singh, R.Nongthombam
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 25-30 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Conservation, Medicinally important plants, Indigenous people, Manipur (Meiteis), Religion, nature, worship.
Abstract: Conservation of natural resources has been an integral part of several indigenous communities in different parts of the world. Nature worship has been a key force in determining human attitudes towards conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity. Many traditional conservation practices are being followed by indigenous people around the world protecting trees, herbs, shrubs and small forest patches by dedicating them to the local deity or incorporating them with religious or associating them with evil spirits. These practices have immensely contributed to the conservation and protection of biodiversity. Various communities in India follow nature-worship based on principle that all creations of nature have to be protected.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anon; http://ecoheritage.cpreec.org. Vedaja, S., Manipur Geography and Regional Development, Rajesh Publications, New Delhi, 1998, p.167.
Literature cited 2: Pal, D.C. and Jain, S.K, Tribal Medicine, Naya Prakash, Calcutta, 1998. Pakrashi, S.C.and Mukhopadhyay, S., Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of West Bengal-Midna pore, Kolkata, W.B.Academy of Sciences and Technology and Department of Science and Technology and NES, 2001.

ID: 61141
Title: Ultrastructures in the lateral part of Nummulites vredenburgi Prever (Foraminiferida)
Author: S.Sengupta, Sampa Sarkar, Rosina Syed.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 22-25 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Ultrastructures, Lateral part of Nummulites vredenburgi Prever, (Foaraminiferida)
Abstract: The middle Eocene larger foraminifera Nummulites verdenburgi Prever was erected by Vredenberg from Kutch, Western India. This operculiniform Nummulites species was subsequently examined by several workers. Previous studies involving the foraminifer were primarily based on light microscope observations. Few scanning electron microscope (SEM) illustrations showing pores and canals in N.vredenburgi have been published.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Vredenberg, E.W., Rec.Geol.Surv.India, 1906, 34, 79-95. Vredenberg, E.W., Rec.Geol.Surv.India, 1908, 36, 239.
Literature cited 2: Samanta, B.K., Bull. Indian Geol. Assoc., 1982, 15, 21-50. Samanta, B.K., Bandopadhyay, K.P.and Lahiri, A., Bull.Geol.Min.Metal.Soc.India, 1990, 55, 1-66.

ID: 61140
Title: Enhanced detection of Tissue auto-fluorescence by one-photon ultrafast pulsed illumination.
Author: Arijit Kumar De, Debjit Roy, Vivek Bansal, Aditya Gupta, Debabrata Goswami.
Editor: R. Srinivasan.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol. 109 (1) 21-22 (2015)
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Enhanced, detection, tissue, auto-fluorescence, one-photon, ultrafast pulsed illumination.
Abstract: Molecular fluorescence has revolutionized qualitative as well as quantitative analytical detection techniques with wide-ranging applications, particularly those rendered through dark field fluorescence microscopy of live cells. For nearly a century, fluorescence microscopy has been used in clinical studies. Tissue autofluorescence from endogenous fluorophores has been shown to be quite useful in understanding cellular metabolism, obviating the need for histological staining or expressing specific genes for fluorescent proteins. However, the poor absorption coefficient and low fluorescence quantum yield of endogenous fluorophores have limited the wide application of fluorescence microscopy with tissue autofluorescence as a diagnostic tool.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Lakowicz, J.R., Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Springer, 2005. Valeur, B., Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications, Wiley-VCH, 2002.
Literature cited 2: Goldman, R.D. and Spector, D.L., Live Cell Imaging: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, 2005. Sani, G., Citti, U. and Caramazza, G., Fluorescence Microscopy in the Cytodiagnosis of Cancer, Springerfield, 1964.

ID: 61139
Title: Detrimental Landuse Changes In Agara-Bellandur Wetland
Author: Ramachandra T.V, Vinay S, Bharath H.Aithal
Editor: Dr.T.V.Ramachandra
Year: 2015
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group, CES T E 15
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Detrimental Landuse Changes in Agara-Belandur Wetland 1-94 (2015)
Subject: Detrimental Landuse Changes in Agara-Bellandur Wetland
Keywords: Detrimental, Landuse, Changes, Agara-Belandur, Wetland.
Abstract: Bangalore Wetlands have been facing persistent threats due to (i) encroachments and unauthorised construction in the lake bed, wetlands, and rajakaluves (ii) violation of prohibited activities in the valley zone/sensitive zone and senseless development activities (contrary to the norms of CDP: Comprehensive Development Plan/RMP: Revised Master Plan, 2015), (iii) violation of regulated activities in th buffer zone (30 m as per BDA), (iv) dumping of municipal solid wastes, demolished building debris, excavated earth, etc., (v) sustained inflow of partially treated or untreated sewage (by BWSSB and high-rise buildings in the lake bed), (vi) disposal of industrial effluents into the drains connecting the lake, (vii) removal of interconnectivity among lakes-by encroachment of Rajkaluve and drains connecting lakes, (viii) dumping of untreated sewage through tankers, (ix) dumping of bio-medical waste, etc.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61138
Title: Smart Ragihalli: Effort towards self-reliant & Self-sufficient system empowering Man power (rural youth) with Appropriate Ruaral Technologies
Author: Ramachandra T.V, Ganesh Hegde, Subhash Chandran M.D., Tejaswini Ananth Kumar, Vishnumayananda Swamiji
Editor: Dr.T.V.Ramachandra
Year: 2015
Publisher: Energyand Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Indian Institute of Science
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Smart Ragihalli: Effort towards Self-reliant & Self-sufficient system empowering Man power (rural youth) with Approapriate Rural Technologies 1-42 (2015)
Subject: SMART Ragihalli: Effort towards Self-reliant & Self-sufficient system empowering Man power (rural youth) with Appropriate Rural Technologies
Keywords: Smart Ragihalli, Effort, Self-reliant, Self-suficient system, empowering Man power (rural youth) Approapriate Rural Technologies
Abstract: The dream of India as developed nation is possible only with self-sufficient and self-reliant villages.This can be achieved only with dectralised models of development empowering local youth while capitalising through sustainable management of natural resources-land,water,energy and human resource.Sixty eight percent of Indian population resides in rural area and agriculture is the prime agent of rural economy.India ranks second worldwide in agriculture products.Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing employs more than 50 % of the total workforce and accounts to 18 % of the GDP.Though the contribution by farm sector has been significant,government ' s push to other sectors has led to stagnation of agriculture sector.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61137
Title: Terrestrial Slugs
Author: N.W. Runham, P.J.Hunter
Editor: None
Year: 1970
Publisher: Hutchinson & Co (Publishers) LTD
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Hutchinson University Library
Subject: Terrestrial Slugs
Keywords: Terrestrial Slugs, General features of slugs
Abstract: None
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61136
Title: The Uses of Bryophytes
Author: Dinesh K. Saxena, Janice M. Glime
Editor: None
Year: 1991
Publisher: Today and Tomorrow"s Printers and Publishers,
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: None
Keywords: Bryophytes, bryophytic flora
Abstract: None
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61135
Title: Field Guide to Aquatic Macroinvertebrates
Author: K G Sivaramakrishnan, N A Madhyastha, K A Subramanian
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Academy of Sciences, Documentation Centre Biodiversity Unit, JNCASR, Jakkur, Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Lifescape, Indian Academy of Sciences
Subject: Field Guide to Aquatic Macroinvertebrates
Keywords: Aquatic Macroinvertebrates
Abstract: This field guide has been divided into two sections. Section one contains keys for major aquatic macroinvertebrates. Some keys like ' key to aquatic arthropods ' are only upto group level and for others like mayflies is upto family level. Keys are written on the left hand side and corresponding diagrams are on the right hand side. Identifying characters mentioned in the key is highlighted in the illustration by dotted circle as shown below. Section two of the field guide contains writeups on the taxa for which keys have been provided.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61134
Title: Groundwater Quality Assessment around Ash Pond of Parichha Thermal Power Plant, Jhansi, India.
Author: Chanchal and Athar Hussain.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2015
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.12 (3). 83-88 (2015).
Subject: Water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Ash pond, bore well, groundwater, trace elements.
Abstract: Groundwater contamination around the ash pond of a thermal power plant is the major problem related to groundwater contamination by wet method of ash disposal. The influence of ash disposal from thermal power plant on groundwater quality was assessed in terms of physicochemical properties (pH, EC, TDS, Cl-, Hardness, Ca2, Mg2+ and SO42-) and trace elements (Fe and Pb).The study area was selected around the ash disposal site of Parichha Thermal Power Plant, Jhansi. The obtained results were compared with the BIS guidelines for drinking water quality. All the parameters were found to be exceeding the permissible prescribed by BIS at site 1 while on other sites only few parameters were exceeding the limit. Lead and iron concentration in all groundwater samples was higher than permissible limits prescribed by BIS for groundwater.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: APHA (2005).Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater.21st edition. American Public Health Association, Washington. Adetuned, L.A., Glover, R.L.K. and G.O.Oguntola (2011). Assessment of the groundwater quality in Ogbomoso Township of Oyo state of Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences, 8 (1): 115-122.
Literature cited 2: Bagchi, A. (2004).Design of Landfills and Integrated Solid Waste Management. In: Landfil Design.3rd edition. Wiley and Sons Publication, USA.

ID: 61133
Title: A Green Route for Copper Ions Removal from Textile Industry Effluent.
Author: Shailey Singhal, Shilpi Agarwal, Rajan Sharma, Naveen Singhal and Amit Kumar.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2015
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.12 (3). 75-81 (2015).
Subject: Water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Teawaste, heavy metals, adsorption, biogas production.
Abstract: The adsorption of copper (II) on tea waste has been studied in batch mode using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy for metal estimation. Important process parameters like adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, reaction temperature, shaking speed and particle size were investigated. Adsorption was found to be in accordance with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The maximum amount of copper (II) adsorbed (qm), as evaluated by Langmuir isotherm, was approximately 1.33 mg per gram of powder of tea waster per litre of solution. The optimized process parameters were observed to be 3 g adsorbent, pH 5, 40?C temperature, 120 rpm shaking speed and 150 ?m particle size. The effectiveness of tea waste for copper removal from industrial effluent was observed to be around 95.345 %.The used tea waste after adsorption produced 51.76 % methane as biofuel.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Achak, M., Halfidi, A., Ouazzani, N., Sayadic, S. And L. Mandi (2009).Low cost biosorbent ?banana peel? for the removal of phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater: Kinetic and equilibrium studies.J.Hazard.Mate., 166: 117-125. Akmil-Basar, C., Onal, Y., Kilicer, T. And D. Eren (2005).Adsorptions of high concentration malachite green by two activated carbons having different porous structures.J.Hazard.Mater, 127: 73-80.
Literature cited 2: Amarasinghe, B.M.W.P.K. and A.R. Williams (2007).Tea waste as a low cost adsorbent for the removal of Cu and Pb from wastewater.Chem.Eng.J, 132: 299-309. Anwar, J., Shafique, U., Zaman, W., Salman, M., Dar, A. and S.Anwar (2010).Removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) from water by adsorption on peels of Banana.Biores.Tech., 101: 1752-1755.

ID: 61132
Title: Biodegradation of Chlorothalonil, Fenobucarb and Methidathion in Nakdong River, South Korea.
Author: Biodegradation of Chlorothalonil, Fenobucarb and Methidathion in Nakdong River, South Korea.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2015
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.12 (3). 71-74 (2015).
Subject: Water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Biodegradability, Chlorothalonil, fenobucarb, methidation, Nakdong river.
Abstract: The study was to evaluate the biodegradability of three pesticides in river water, Korea. The biodegradation tests for three pesticides, chlorothalonil, fenobucurb and methidathion, were performed on two rivers, Nakdong River and Kumho River, in Korea according to the modified river die-away method. The biodegradations for fenobucarb and methidathion were rapid in polluted river (Kumho River) and slow in clean river (Nakdong River). The reason for the difference might be due to the acclimatization of microbial community to chemical contaminants in the river for a long time. Biodegradation of chlorothalonil exhibited the highest rate compared to those of fenocurb and methidathion.Chlorothalonil, fenobucarb and methidathion are unlikely to persist in aquatic environment long enough to be a serious groundwater or drinking water problem. Further studies are needed to clarify biodegradation of these pesticides by bacterial specie.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: APHA-AWWA-WPCF (2005).Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.21th edition, Washington, D.C. Chung, Y., Shin, D.C., Park, S.G., Lim, Y.W., Choi, Y.H., (1997). Risk assessment and management of drinking water pollutants in Korea.Water Sci Technol, 36 (12):309-323.
Literature cited 2: Fushiwaki, Y.and K.Urano (1988).Biodegradation test of herbicide CNP in river water and sediment using the modified river die-away method. Water Res, 22 (9): 1137-1141. Gupta, S.K., Behari, J. and K.K.Kesari (2006).Low Frequencies Ultrasonic Treatment of Sludge. Asian J.Wat.Envir.Pol. 3 (2): 101-105.