ID: 61311
Title: Improving Energy Efficiency
Author: Dr G S Grewal and Bhavesh Vasiyani
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (7), 66-70 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Improving, Energy, Efficiency
Abstract: Energy conservation is an optimal operational practice, which improves the efficiency of the equipment associated with both supply side and demand side i.e., at the user end. Since the industries account for a greater share of power consumption, energy conservation programmes will benefit them by reducing their Specific Power Consumption and making them more competitive in the market. ' Negawatt ' (a negative ' Megawatt ' ), a term coined by the renowned energy analyst Amory Lovins, highlights the fact that a Negawatt produced by reducing energy need saves more than a Megawatt generated. Energy audits lead to the generation of ' Negawatts ' and thus result in virtual augmentations to the installed power generation capacity of the Nation! Energy Audit is the basic tool of energy conservation, and is defined as a systematic exercise to identify the practices & processes that consume a significant amount of energy, estimate the efficiency in each of these practices & processes - and based on these estimates devise methods of improving efficiency and curbing loss of energy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61310
Title: Solar Power Generation Only Eternal Energy Source on the Earth.
Author: Bandal S D
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (7), 52-53 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Solar Power, Generation, Eternal Energy Source, Earth
Abstract: India is a tropical country, where sunshine is available for longer hours per day and in great intensity. Solar energy, therefore, has great potential as a future source of energy. It also has the advantage of permitting the decentralized distribution of energy, thereby empowering people at the grassroots level. India is endowed with abundant solar energy, which is capable of producing 5,000 trillion Kilowatts of clean energy. The country is blessed with around 300 sunny days in a year and solar isolation of 4 to 7 kWh per day. If this energy is harnessed efficiently, it can easily reduce our energy deficit scenario-and that too with no carbon emission. Many states in India have already recognized and identified solar energy potential. Others are lined up to meet their growing energy needs with clean and everlasting solar energy. In near future solar energy will have a huge role to play in meeting India ' s energy demand. Based on this vision Jawaharlal Nehru National Soalr Mission was launched under the brand name ' Solar India ' .
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61309
Title: Case Studies of the Transformers Failure Analyses.
Author: Manish N Sinha, Palak Patel, Parth Shah, Maulik Doshi, Nishith Bhalodiya.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (7), 46-50 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Case studies, Transformers, Failure Analyses.
Abstract: India ' s manufacturing sector, heavy industries, various global service centres are all dependent on reliable power supply. This underlines the principle that ' No Power No Business ' . This makes it utmost important that ' Transformers ' , the heart of substation, must function reliably. Failures of critical transformer-assets not only impact industries but other consumer categories also affect the economy of the country and have social and political ramifications. We ' ll study the transformers, which come for repairs after failure in the industry and analyse the various causes of failure of power transformer and distribution transformer in detail. By knowing the causes of failure, we can take steps to overcome it and thus reduce the fault occurrence in transformers and make the power supply more reliable.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61308
Title: High efficiency Distribution Transformers.
Author: S V Varadarajan
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (7), 34-37 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: High, Efficiency, Distribution, Transformers
Abstract: Transformers convert electrical power from one circuit to another in the same frequency. In this process, they can raise or lower the voltage in one of the circuits with corresponding decrease or increase in current. Transformers achieve the above thorough mutual induction between the two circuits that are linked by a common magnetic flux in its core. Transformers range in size from radio frequency transformers less than a few grams in weight to industrial transformers interconnecting the power grid, weighting hundreds of tons. A wide range of transformer designs is encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Since their invention in 1886, transformers have become the back bone of AC transmission, distribution, and utilization of electrical energy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61307
Title: Smart Transformer For Distribution System.
Author: Narendiran S, Dr. Sarat Kumar Sahoo
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (7), 30-32 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Smart Transformer, Distribution System.
Abstract: A smart transformer (ST) provides the exact amount of power that is indeed, and responds instantly to fluctuations within the power grid, acting as a voltage regulator to ensure that the optimized voltage is undisturbed. STs are programmed to, as a default; provide a voltage optimized power supply that directly addresses their facility ' s energy needs. ST can help large commercial facilities use power more efficiently to save money, power and go greener.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61306
Title: A Load Scheduling For Smart Energy Management In Buildings With Renewable Power Generations.
Author: Asha Radhakrishnan, M P Selvan
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (5), 76-90 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Load Scheduling, Smart Energy Management, Buildings, Renewable Power Generations.
Abstract: Hike in the purchase of electrical appliances following a rising standard of living causes a growing demand for energy in domestic buildings. Inefficient use of these appliances causes wastage of energy. One way to tackle this is to give feedback to the consumers on their behaviour, which may lead to a reduction in wastage. Another way to reduce energy consumption is the application of demand side load management. The first method, even though makes the users to realize their unhealthy trend of energy utilization, will not suggest any proper technique for them to follow-so that they could rectify the issue. Therefore, the best way to ensure the solution is to adapt the technique of Demand Response (DR).
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61305
Title: Jordan ' s Power Plant Finds Place in Guinness Book.
Author: N S Srinath, C Arjun Agoram, Dr. N Kumarappan
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (5), 70-70 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Jordan ' s Power, Plant, Finds, Place, Guinness Book
Abstract: Inauguration of the world ' s largest Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) power plant has just taken place at the plant site near Amman, Jordan. The inaugural function was held under the patronage of His Majesty King Abdullah II bn Al Hussein of Jordan. The IPP3 plant is powered by 38 Wartsila 50 DF multi-fuel engines with a combined capacity of 573 MW. Wartsila ' s total installed capacity in the Middle East is approximately 7000 Mega Watts (MW) AAEPC (Amman Asia Electric Power Company) owns the plant.Wartsila has been responsible for leading the EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) consortium delivering the largest Smart Power Generation (SPG) plant in the history of the company.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61304
Title: Distribution System Capacitor Banks and their Impact on Power Quality.
Author: Dr. L Ashok Kumar
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (5), 46-50 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Distribution system, Capacitor Banks, Impact, Power Quality
Abstract: The application of distribution system capacitor banks has long been accepted as a necessary step in the design of distribution feeders. Design considerations often include traditional factors such as voltage support, power factor, and released capacity. However, as customer systems evolve through the use of power electronics, the distribution system design of the future will include power quality as a consideration. The term ?power quality? has many different meanings, perhaps as many as attempt to describe its impact on system operation. The electric utility may describe power quality as reliability and quote statistics stating that the system is 99.95 % reliable. The equipment manufacture often defines power quality as the characteristics of the power supply, which may vary drastically for different vendors. However, the customer is the partly ultimately affected by power quality related problems and the best definition should include his perspective. Considering each of these factors, the following definition is often used. Power quality problem: ?Any power problem manifested in voltage, current, or frequency deviations that result in the failure or misoperation of customer equipment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61303
Title: A High Potential Energy Storage Solution.
Author: R P Deshpande
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India, Vol.55 (5), 32-38 (2015)
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: High Potential Energy, Storage, Solution.
Abstract: Advent of nanotechnology has accelerated progress in ultra capacitors (also known as super capacitors, Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors or EDLC). These capacitors have values in Farads, or even thousands of Farads. Ultra capacitors (U-caps for short) store energy much beyond the capacity of electrostatic or electrolytic capacitors of electrostatic or electrolytic capacitors, and somewhere comparable to batteries. These are finding increasing use in electronics, automobile industry-as well as power supply systems. Each one of these applications makes for a path breaking technology in itself.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61302
Title: Reconnaissance biogeochemical survey across the Nullarbor and Yellabinna regions of western South Australia.
Author: Colin E Dunn and Helen M Waldron
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Government of South Australia.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia). 75 Issue -4, 32-44 (2014)
Subject: Mesa Journal
Keywords: Reconnaissance, biogeochemical survey, Nullarbor, Yellabinna, regions, Western South Australia.
Abstract: A reconnaissance biogeochemical sampling program was conducted in the Nullarbor Plain and Yellabinna regions of the Eucla Basin, south of the Trans-Australian Railway. The survey comprised three roughly north-south traverses (each ~85 km) starting north of the Old Eyre Highway in the Nullarbor Plain region, and a long west-east traverse (~550 km) starting from the Western Australia-South Australia border eastward along the Trans-Australian Railway corridor, across the Nullarbor and into the sand dune fields of the yellabina region as far as Tarcoola.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Department of State Development 2014.SARIG Map Layers. Department of State Development, South Australia, viewed November 2014, <www.statedevelopment.sa.gov.au/sarig>. Dunn CE 2007.Biogeochemistry in mineral exploration, Handbook of Exploration and Environmental Geochemistry 9.Elseview, Amsterdam.
Literature cited 2: Dunn CE and Waldron HM 2014.Regional biogeochemical survey of the Eucla Basin, South Australia, Report Book 2014/00025.Department of State Development, South Australia, Adelaide. Flint RB and Daly JS 1993.Coompana Block. In JF Drexel, WV Preiss and AJ Parker eds, The geology of South Australia, Volume 1, The Precambrian, Bulletin 54.Geological Survey of South Australia, Adelaide, pp.168-169.


ID: 61301
Title: Planning infrastructure to support the resources sector
Author: Lachlan Kinnear
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Government of South Australia.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia). 75 Issue -4, 24-24 (2014)
Subject: Mesa Journal
Keywords: Planning, Infrastructure, support, resources, sector
Abstract: South Australia is richly endowed with mineral resources but realizing our full potential requires having the right infrastructure in place to encourage investment. In view of this, the South Australian and federal governments commissioned the Regional Mining Infrastructure Plan to identify and recommend the options for developing suitable supporting for developing suitable supporting infrastructure to meet forecast demand. Launched in June 2014, the plan provides a detailed understanding of South Australia ' s future regional infrastructure requirements as well as timeline for when they need to be developed. It identifies the need to confirm the preferred commercial solutions to bulk mineral export infrastructure on Spencer Gulf.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 61300
Title: Diversity of Medicinally Important Plants: A Case Study from Tanhril Area of Mizoram.
Author: Bidyasagar Singh, B.P.Mishra, S.K.Tripathi.
Editor: Dr.R.N.Pati, Dr. Shailesh Shukla, Dr. Lawrence Chanza
Year: 2014
Publisher: Sarup Book Publishers PVT.LTD.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity 511-534 (2014)
Subject: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity
Keywords: Human societies, Biodiversity, ethnic societies, irreversible loss of biodiversity.
Abstract: Biodiversity is the very basis of human survival and economic well being on which human families and plant communities depend. Subsistence of human societies on the planet Earth depends on diversity of plants for many utility products (food, fodder, timber, fuel, medicines) and number of services from time immemorial. Forests are considered important for constituting enormous biodiversity and thus providing valuable resources and varieties of services to humans for millennia. According to World Health Organization estimates >80 % of the world ' s population in developing countries depends primarily on herbal medicine for basic healthcare needs. Expanding human population has led to over-exploitation of forest resources that was mainly reflected by the loss of species. Modern human societies have started to utilize medicines mostly derived from the plants; however, ethnic societies living in the close vicinity of forests particularly in northeast India are still using the plants for their health care and diseases based on their ancestral knowledge from the past. This study has documented variety of plant species from the Tanhril area of Mizoram and shown parts of the plant used for various therapeutic used by the ethnic society, and proper management of plant resource has been suggested to ensure their sustainable use.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Adhikari B.S., Babu M.M., Saklani P.L., Rawat G.S., (2010).Medicinal Plants Diversity and their Conservation Status in Wild-life Institute of Indi (WII) Campus, Dehradun. Ethno-botanical Leaflets, 14: 46-56. Anonymous, (1948-1976). The wealth of India-Raw Material series, (Publication and Information Directorate, New Delhi), Vol.I-IX.
Literature cited 2: Archana Godbole, (1996).Role of tribals in preservation of sacred forests, in Ethnobotany in Human Welfare, by SK Jain 345-348. Borthkur S.K., (1997).Plants in the folklore and folk life of the Karbis (Mikirs) of Assam: (ed.Jain, S.K) Scientific Publ.Jodhpur, 169-178.


ID: 61299
Title: Biosphere: Connecting Conservation with Livelihood.
Author: S.C.Tiwari, Shabir Ahmad Bhat.
Editor: Dr.R.N.Pati, Dr. Shailesh Shukla, Dr. Lawrence Chanza
Year: 2014
Publisher: Sarup Book Publishers PVT.LTD.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity 511-534 (2014)
Subject: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity
Keywords: Biosphere Reserve, atmosphere, Livelihoods and non-timber forest products (NTFPs)
Abstract: The biosphere is the biological component of the earth systems, which also include the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and other ?spheres? (e.g.cryosphere, anthrosphere, etc.).The biosphere includes all living organisms on earth, together with the dead organic matter produced by them. The biosphere concept is common to many scientific disciplines including astronomy, geophysics, geology, hydrology, biogeography and evolution, and is a core concept in ecology, earth science and physical geography. A key component of earth systems, the biosphere interacts with and exchanges matter and energy with the other spheres, helping to drive the global biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and other elements. From an ecological point of view, the biosphere is the ?global ecosystem?, comprising the totality of biodiversity on earth and performing all manner of biological functions, including photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, nitrogen fixation and denitrification. The ?spheres? of earth systems. The biosphere concept is common to many scientific disciplines including.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ahenkan A, Boon E 2008.Enhancing food security, poverty reduction and sustainable forest management in Ghana through Non-Timber Forest Products farming: Case study of Sefwi Wiawso District, published online by GRIN Publishing at www.grin.com/de/preview/.html (Retrieveed August, 8, 2010.) Ahenken A, Boon E 2010.Commercialization of non-timber forest products in Ghana: Processing, packaging and marketing. Food Agric and Env, 8:962-969.
Literature cited 2: Anderson AB 1990.Extraction and forest management by rural inhabitants in the Amazon estuary, In: AB Anderson (Ed): Alternatives to deforestation: Steps Towards Sustainable Use of the Amazon Rain Forest. New York: Columbia University Press, pp.65-85. Belcher, B.and Schreckenberg, K.(2007) Commercialisation of non-timber forest products: a reality check. Development Policy Review, 25, 355-377.


ID: 61298
Title: Synthetic and Bio-pesticides Usage in India.
Author: Noor A Khan, Neeta Thacker
Editor: Dr.R.N.Pati, Dr. Shailesh Shukla, Dr. Lawrence Chanza
Year: 2014
Publisher: Sarup Book Publishers PVT.LTD.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity 484-510 (2014)
Subject: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity
Keywords: Synthetic pesticide, Bio-pesticides; Plant based pesticide
Abstract: Wide usage of chemical pesticide to control pest is universally adapted. The long term effect were overlooked hence boon of one time become bane for the ecosystem degradation. Several pressures have accelerated the search for more environmentally and toxicologically safe and more selective and efficacious pesticides. Thus, natural compounds have increasingly become the focus of those interested in discovery of pesticides. Therefore, bio-pesticides are developed as an alternative to chemical pesticide and a key component of Integrated Pest Management Systems (IPM).Bio-pesticides include a broad array of microbial pesticides, bio-chemicals derived from micro-organisms and other natural sources, and processes involving the genetic modification of plants to express genes encoding insecticidal toxins. This article outlines the current usage of synthetic pesticide, its effectiveness, persistence and consequences in India. Further, it deals with the present state of knowledge on the potential use of bio-pesticides in traditional Indian system, with special reference to plant based product in pests control.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Agnihotri, N.P., 1999.pesticides safety and monitoring. All India Coordinated Research Project on pesticides Residues, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Ananthakrishnan, T.N. (1990) Chemical ecology in biological control.Curr.Sci., 59: 1319.
Literature cited 2: Anonymous, 2002.Demand pattern of pesticides for agriculture estimate 2001-2002 and forest 2002-2003.Pestic.Inf.28 (3), 52-55. Atul M, Sharma GK.A comparative study of poisoning cases autopsied in LHMC, New Delhi, and JIPMER, Pondicherry.J.ForensicMed.Toxicol.2002; XIX http://www.jfmt.org/ARTI-CLE16.htm.


ID: 61297
Title: Chat (Catha Edulis) Mania in Ethiopia: Sense of Euphoria or Illusion?
Author: Sanjay Singh
Editor: Dr.R.N.Pati, Dr. Shailesh Shukla, Dr. Lawrence Chanza
Year: 2014
Publisher: Sarup Book Publishers PVT.LTD.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity 463-483 (2014)
Subject: Traditional Environmental Knowledge and Biodiversity
Keywords: Cathine, Cathinone, Chat, euphoria, health impact, religious and socio-cultural impact.
Abstract: Chat (Catha edulis) is a potential medium-size green shrub that grows at high altitudes in the region extending from eastern to southern Africa. Its leaves, popularly called as golden leaves, emit a strong aromatic smell and have astringent and slightly sweet taste. The stimulant effect of chat is related to the cathinone content of the leaves. Cathinone is metabolized rapidly to cathine (norpseudoephedrine) and norephedrine, which possess weak central stimulant properties because of their less lipophilic character. The livelihood of a large number of rural people in Ethiopia is based on chat cultivation and its sales which is a source of their income all the year round. People from all walks of life, i.e. low income to high income groups, men and women, employed and unemployed, young and old, boys and girls, students and teachers, laborers and executives etc all consume its fresh leaves by chewing. Holding a polythene bag stuffed with chat twigs having young leaves attached thereto are taken as a symbol of aristocracy and richness among youngsters. The chewing of fresh leaves of chat has become integral part of people ' s life of this region. Apart from home consumption it is also exported to neighboring countries. The medical and psychosocial effects of chat-chewing depend on its capacity to lead to dependency and to specific physical and behavioral effects, including socio-economic consequences for individuals and the community. The common effect of chat use is insomnia, a condition that the users sometimes try to overcome with sedatives or alcohol. The consumption of chat among the locals can be curbed by education and awareness programs about its negative consequences on health, agriculture and environment. The purpose of this study is to identify the adverse consequences of habitual chewing of chat on health and socio-cultural values of general public.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abbink J (1992).Chat in popular culture: a ' prayer ' from Harar, Ethiopia. Sociology-Ethnology Bull.1:89-93. Alem A, Kebede D, Kullgren G (1999).The prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of khat chewing in Butajira, Ethiopia.Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl.397:84-91
Literature cited 2: Al-Hebshi NN, Skaug N (2005).Khat (Cathu edulis)-an updated review. Addict Biol.10.299-307. Al-Motarreb A, Baker K, Broadly KJ (2002).Khat: pharmacological and medical aspects and its social use in Yemen.Phytother Res.16: 403-413.