ID: 65931
Title: Assessment of agricultural land area lost due to Brahmaputra riverbank line erosion in Assam
Author: J. Goswami V. Senpakapriya K. K. Sarma S. P. Aggarwal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (1) 20-22 10 July (2024)
Subject: Assessment of agricultural land area lost due to Brahmaputra riverbank line erosion in Assam
Keywords: None
Abstract: The River Brahmaputra is characterized by
its exceedingly large flow, enormous volume of sediment load, continuous changes
in channel morphology, rapid bed aggradations, bank line recession and erosion.
Heavy rainfall, associated with severe
flooding, excessive siltation and migration
of river channels, causes erosion on both
sides of the Brahmaputra river. The river
has a braided channel in most of its course
in the alluvial plains of Assam, and the
river flows through 21 districts of the state.
The braided nature, lateral changes in
channels and continuous migration of rivers
cause severe erosion along the banks, leading to a considerable loss of good fertile
land each year. Shear failure due to undercutting upper bank materials during high
flooding and over-steepening of bank materials also leads to bank failures in both
the banks1–3
. Damages caused by erosion
run into several hundred crores every year.
Bank erosion by the rivers has been a serious issue for the last six decades as more
than 4.27 lakh hectares (ha) of land have
already been eroded by the River Brahmaputra and its tributaries since 1950, which
is 7.40% of the area of the state. As assessed, the annual average loss of land is
nearly 8000 ha. The width of the River
Brahmaputra has increased to 15.00 km in
some places due to bank erosion (https://
waterresources.assam.gov.in/portlets/flooderosion-problems).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sarkar, A., Garg, R. D. and Sharma, N., J.
Water Resour. Prot., 2012.
Sarma, J. N. and Acharjee, S., Earth Syst.
Dyn. Discuss., 2012, 3(2), 1085–1106.
Literature cited 2: Debnath, J. et al., Geosci. Front., 2023,
14(4), 101557.
Gogoi, C. and Goswami, D. C., Int. J. Eng.
Sci., 2013, 2(9), 1–6.
ID: 65930
Title: Propelling Indian economy through space exploration and applications
Author: Darshan Deshpande, Sibsankar Palit and Subhajit Hazra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (1) 17-19 10 July (2024)
Subject: Propelling Indian economy through space exploration and applications
Keywords: None
Abstract: The performance of the global economy is
supposed to be ruled by the economies of
each country1
. With this, the economic instability that countries experience during
global crises creeps in, as evident from the
Global Economic Outlook Report 2020,
which emphasized how the COVID-19
pandemic affected the global economy2
.
However, when it comes to the space
economy, countries seem to show resilient
support for multiple reasons, as evidenced
by research from Morgan Stanley, which
expects the global space industry to grow
into a US$ 1.1 trillion market by 2040,
from about US$ 350 billion in 2016 (ref. 3).
One of the reasons is that the various space
stakeholders use a sustainable approach to
space research. For example, in scenarios
where stakeholders from one country specialize in cost-effective satellite launches,
support other countries to launch their satellites into orbit, thereby reducing resource
wastage and effective utilization of financial resources. Other reasons include investor sentiments, which lead to volatility in the
stock market (changes in support and resistance), thus affecting the returns4
. Such
an effect was not seen in the space industry,
as the effect of support and resistance on
the overall share market did not affect the
space companies due to most of them not
being listed in popular stock exchanges, for
example, SpaceX and Skyroot Aerospace
Private Limited5
. This resulted in an ultimate decline in costs for space-based ventures, resulting in the realization of the very
celebrated aspiration of ‘SPACE FOR ALL’,
as obvious from making spacesuits for
women3
, which earlier were not a priority
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Baten, J., A History of the Global Economy,
Cambridge University Press, Germany,
2016.
World Bank, Global Economic Prospects,
June 2020; https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/global-economic-prospects
(accessed on 29 June 2024).
Literature cited 2: Morgan Stanley, Designing a more inclusive future for space exploration, 2022;
https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/
womens-space-suit-access-1-concept-suit
(accessed on 29 June 2024).
Griffith, J., Najand, M. and Shen, J., J. Behav. Finance, 2020, 21(1), 42–56.
ID: 65929
Title: Hundred years of research on Drosophila ananassae has revealed a number of unusual features of this species
Author: Bashisth N. Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (1) 14-16 10 July (2024)
Subject: Hundred years of research on Drosophila ananassae has revealed a number of unusual features of this species
Keywords: None
Abstract: Drosophila ananassae was originally described by Doleschall in 1858 from Ambon Island in Indonesia. This
species came into notice when Morgan, Bridges and Sturtevant compiled data in a volume entitled ‘The Genetics of Drosophila’ in 1925 as D. caribbea Sturtevant in the chapter ‘other species of Drosophila’. Kikkawa in
1935 verified D. caribbea as D. ananassae. The first mutation in this species was curved wing, an autosomal recessive gene on II chromosome reported by Sturtevant in 1921. Since then D. ananassae has been utilized extensively for different kinds of studies and results of these studies conducted during the last hundred years have
clearly revealed that D. ananassae is genetically unique species and stands distinct from other species of the
genus Drosophila. The important unusual features of this species are: spontaneous meiotic male recombination,
presence of chiasmata in males, high mutability, optic morphology hyper mutability system, absence of genetic
coadaptation, Y-4 linkage of nucleolus organizer, high frequency of pericentric inversions and translocations,
population substructing, parthenogenesis, extra chromosomal inheritance, incipient sexual isolation, inversion
karyotypes and mate recognition system, spontaneous genetic mosaic, segregation distortion, lack of correlation
between crossing-over and chromosome distance between inversions, rare male mating advantage, trait and sex
specific fluctuating asymmetry, female and male remating and sperm displacement, speciation in south Pacific
populations, association with a bacterium Wolbachia, variation in resistance to environmental stress, nutrition
regulated stress resistance, correlation between inversion karyotypes and mating propensity and phylogenetic
relationship with its sibling D. pallidosa which is in statu nascendi
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Doleschall, C. L., Natrk. Tijdschr. Nederland Indie, 1858, 17, 73–128.
Morgan, T. H., Bridges, C. B. and Sturtevant, A. H., Bibliogr. Genet., 1925, 2, 1–
262.
Literature cited 2: Kikkawa, H., Proc. Imp. Acad. Tokyo,
1935, 11, 62–65.
Sturtevant, A. H., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA, 1921, 7, 235–237.
ID: 65928
Title: Emerging human–otter conflicts in the wetlands and rivers of Kerala, India
Author: K. K. Jayasooryan and P. K. Chandini
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (1) 13-13 10 July (2024)
Subject: Emerging human–otter conflicts in the wetlands and rivers of Kerala, India
Keywords: None
Abstract: A congregation of local daily wage earners,
house wives, fishermen and children was
held at the small town of Mukkam in Kozhikode district of Kerala on 2 October 2023.
The meeting was organized by the local
conservationist group to address the issue
related to the recently emerging human–
otter conflict in the Iruvazhinji river. Most
of the people who had gathered were victims of otter bites and a few fishermen
who lost fishing nets due to otter attacks.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Belanger, M. et al., IUCN Otter Spec. Group
Bull., 2011, 28(1), 11–16.
Anoop, K. R. and Hussain, S. A., J. Zool.,
2005, 266(1), 15–23.
Literature cited 2: Jayasooryan, K. K. and Sathian, A., Proceedings of the National Conference on Biodiversity Conservation, Kerala State Biodiversity
Board, Thiruvananthapuram, 2023.
Viswanathan, C. et al., Estuar. Coast. Shelf
Sci., 2020, 242 (online)
ID: 65927
Title: United Nations Climate Change Conference COP 28 and beyond
Author: S. K. Satheesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (1) 7-8 10 July (2024)
Subject: United Nations Climate Change Conference COP 28 and beyond
Keywords: None
Abstract: The United Nations Climate Change Conference COP 28
was held and concluded in Dubai. It is particularly important
as the first ‘global stocktake’, a process for countries and
stakeholders to examine the progress towards meeting the
goals of the Paris Agreement. The conference outcome
was a revelation of the slow progress in most areas of climate
action. Consequently, nations collectively made a pronouncement on the way forward to accelerate climate action. As
usual, transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy
sources was one of the focus areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65926
Title: Lakes of Bangalore ( protect lakes to syustain water for your children bring water back to the city through lakes)
Author: T.V. Ramachandra , Asulabha K.S. , Sincy V. , Bhuwan Chandra Arya
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference:
Subject: Lakes of Bangalore ( protect lakes to syustain water for your children bring water back to the city through lakes)
Keywords: None
Abstract: Lakes of Bangalore (protect lakes to sustain water for your children bring water back to the city through lakes) (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65925
Title: Western Ghats Spatial Decision Support System
Author: T V Ramachandra, Bharath Setturu , Vinay S, M.D.Subhashchandran , Bharath Aithal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference:
Subject: Western Ghats Spatial Decision Support System
Keywords: None
Abstract: Western Ghats Spatial Decision Support System (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65924
Title: Sahyadri ( visua,lise eco-sensitive villages in Wetern Ghats)
Author: T V Ramachandra, Bharath Setturu , Vinay S, M.D.Subhashchandran , Bharath Aithal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference:
Subject: Sahyadri ( visua,lise eco-sensitive villages in Wetern Ghats
Keywords: None
Abstract: Sahyadri ( visua,lise eco-sensitive villages in Wetern Ghats (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65923
Title: Karnataka: Natural capital accounting & valuation of ecosystem services
Author: T V Ramachandra, Bharath Setturu , Vinay S, , Bharath H. Aithal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference:
Subject: Karnataka: Natural capital accounting & valuation of ecosystem services
Keywords: None
Abstract: Karnataka: Natural capital accounting & valuation of ecosystem services (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65922
Title: Bangalore Urban Information System ( visualize the landscape dynamics of Bangalore city and Bangalore Urban district with other data set like administrative,environment, lakes and many more)
Author: T V Ramachandra, Bharath Aithal, Vinay S, Bharath Setturu ,Tulika Mondal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: None
Reference:
Subject: Bangalore Urban Information System ( visualize the landscape dynamics of Bangalore city and Bangalore Urban district with other data set like administrative,environment, lakes and many more
Keywords: None
Abstract: Bangalore Urban Information System ( visualize the landscape dynamics of Bangalore city and Bangalore Urban district with other data set like administrative, environment, lakes and many more (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65921
Title: Bangalore Lakes Information System
Author: T V Ramachandra, Asulabha KS, Sincy Varhese, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: None
Reference:
Subject: Bangalore Lakes Information System
Keywords: None
Abstract: Bangalore Lakes Information System (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65920
Title: Bangalore Urban Information System
Author: T V Ramachandra, Bharath Aithal, Vinay S, Bharath Setturu ,Tulika Mondal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: None
Year: 2024
Publisher: None
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference:
Subject: Bangalore Urban Information System
Keywords: None
Abstract: Bangalore Urban Information System (Poster)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65919
Title: Ecologically Sensitive Regions in the Western Ghats, a Biodiversity Hotspot
Author: T V Ramachandra Bharath Setturu Vinay S M D Subash Chandran Bharath H Aithal
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Ecologically Sensitive Regions in the Western Ghats, a Biodiversity Hotspot Pg: 1-541, ETR: 200, SCS: 128 15 Aug 2023
Subject: Ecologically Sensitive Regions in the Western Ghats, a Biodiversity Hotspot
Keywords: Ecological fragility, spatial decision support system (SDSS), endemic taxa, energy. Ecology, bio-geo-climatic aspects
Abstract: Ecological sensitivity or fragility refers to the permanent and irreparable loss of extant life
forms or significant damage to the natural processes of evolution and speciation with the
alterations in the ecological integrity of a region. The comprehensive knowledge of the
ecological fragility of a region is quintessential for evolving strategies for conserving the area,
which entails identifying factors responsible for ecological sensitiveness, including landscape
dynamics, and visualizing future transitions to mitigate the problems of haphazard and
uncontrolled development approaches. The region witnessed large-scale land cover changes
during the past century due to unplanned developmental activities involving industrialization.
Globalisation and relaxing market norms led to rapid urbanisation with large-scale land cover
changes. This necessitates implementing mitigation measures involving stakeholders to
address the impacts through location-specific conservation measures. Framing conservation
and sustainable developmental policies entail delineating ecologically sensitive regions by
integrating bio-geo-climatic, ecological, and social factors representing the dynamics of socioecological
systems,
impacts,
and
drivers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aggarwal, A., Paul, V. and Das, S., 2009. Forest resources: Degradation, livelihoods, and
climate change. Looking back to change track, 219, pp.91-108.
Almeida, D.R., Stark, S.C., Schietti, J., Camargo, J.L., Amazonas, N.T., Gorgens, E.B., Rosa,
D.M., Smith, M.N., Valbuena, R., Saleska, S. and Andrade, A., 2019. Persistent effects of
fragmentation on tropical rainforest canopy structure after 20 yr of isolation. Ecological
Applications, 29(6), p.e01952.
Literature cited 2: Aldieri, L., Carlucci, F., Vinci, C.P. and Yigitcanlar, T., 2019. Environmental innovation,
knowledge spillovers and policy implications: A systematic review of the economic effects
literature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 239, p.118051.
Andronache, I., Marin, M., Fischer, R., Ahammer, H., Radulovic, M., Ciobotaru, A.M., Jelinek,
H.F., Di Ieva, A., Pintilii, R.D., Drăghici, C.C. and Herman, G.V., 2019. Dynamics of forest
fragmentation and connectivity using particle and fractal analysis. Scientific reports, 9(1),
pp.1-9.
ID: 65918
Title: Grid-based monitoring of natural resources at disaggregated levels in Raichur district, Karnataka
Author: T V Ramachandra Paras Negi Bharath Setturu
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2024
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Grid-based monitoring of natural resources at disaggregated levels in Raichur district, Karnataka Pg : 1-50 ETR: 201, SCS: 129
Subject: Grid-based monitoring of natural resources at disaggregated levels in Raichur district, Karnataka
Keywords: Natural Resource Rich Regions; Land use Land cover; Random Forest; Modeling; Sustainable Development; Supervised classification; Machine Learning.
Abstract: Land use and land cover (LULC) assessment using temporal remote sensing data provides insights
into landscape status, which is crucial for the prudent management of natural resources. Integrated
spatial analyses with LULC information with social, ecological, hydrological, bio-geo-climatic,
and environmental variables would aid in the prioritization of natural resources-rich regions
(NRRRs). The current study assesses the LULC change in an agrarian district using temporal
remote sensing data through a supervised machine learning technique- Random Forest (RF). The
study reveals that built-up area had increased from 0.23% (1973) to 1.04% (2022), agricultural
area had increased from 84.55% (1973) to 93.43% (2022), water body had increased from 0.38%
(1973) to 0.92% (2022). There has been an increase in paddy cultivation spatial extent from 0.74%
(1973) to 18.41% in the region with the increase in the extent of water bodies due to the Krishna
and Tungabhadra River. The condition of forests assessed through fragmentation metrics indicates
the decline of intact forest cover from 4.19% (in 1973) to 3.08% (in 2022), and non-forest area
accounted for 95.87% in 2022 from 92.03 % in 1973. The likely land uses in 2022, 2030, and 2038
are predicted using Cellular Automata. The simulated LU for 2038 shows the likely increase in
built-up by 671 km
2
with a decline of agriculture land by 1159.33 km
2
and an expansion of the
road network and industrial area. This necessitates the identification of natural resources rich
regions (NRRRs) for formulating effective policies for prudent management of natural resources
to achieve sustainable development goals (SDG) by exploring all feasible dimensions and
analyzing the patterns and dynamics across various interdisciplinary themes such as social,
hydrological, ecological and bio-geo-climatic.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Barros, R. S., Barreto, M. R., & Falcão, A. X. (2020). Accurate classification of Brazilian Cerrado
vegetation using machine learning classifiers. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(3), 166.
Belgiu, M., Drǎguţ, L., & Strobl, J. (2014). Quantitative evaluation of variations in rule-based
classifications of land cover in urban neighbourhoods using WorldView-2 imagery. ISPRS Journal of
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 87, 205-215.
Literature cited 2: Bharath, S., Rajan, K. S., & Ramachandra, T. V. (2013). Land surface temperature responses to land
use land cover dynamics. Geoinfor Geostat: An Overview, 54, 50-78.
Bharath, S., Rajan, K. S., & Ramachandra, T. V. (2014). Status and future transition of rapid urbanizing
landscape in central Western Ghats-CA based approach. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote
Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2(8), 69.
ID: 65917
Title: Grid Based Mapping of Natural Resource-Rich Regions in Bidar district, Karnataka
Author: T V Ramachandra Paras Negi
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2024
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Grid Based Mapping of Natural Resource-Rich Regions in Bidar district, Karnataka Pg 1-46 , ETR: 202, SCS: 130
Subject: Grid Based Mapping of Natural Resource-Rich Regions in Bidar district, Karnataka
Keywords: LULC change, supervised learning, Machine learning, Random Forest, Natural Resource-Rich Regions, CA-Markov.
Abstract: Natural Resource Rich Regions (NRRRs) are ecologically and economically vital regions that
support the livelihood of people through the sustained ecosystem process involving the interaction
among biotic and abiotic elements. Identifying NRRRs, considering spatially ecological, geoclimatic,
biological, and social dimensions, would help in conservation planning and prudent
management of natural resources as per the Biodiversity Act 2002, Government of India. Changes
in the landscape structure would lead to alterations in the composition and health of these regions
with irreversible changes in the ecosystem process, impacting the sustenance of natural resources.
The anthropogenic activities have been the major driver for landscape dynamics with the largescale
land
use
and
land
cover
(LULC)
changes.
Unplanned
and
uncontrolled
exploitation
of
natural
resources
due
to
industrial
developmental
activities
has
escalated
rates
of
LULC
changes
that
led
to
ecosystem degradation. Spatio-temporal LULC change information provides insights into
affecting factors and their impacts on the landscape. Bidar district has witnessed drastic growth in
rural built-up areas and the expansions of the National Investment & Manufacturing Zone [NIMZ],
in response to the State’s industrial policy of 2014-19 for industrial development. Supervised
machine learning technique - Random Forest (RF) was used to assess land use dynamics. Random
forest is an ensemble of decision trees maintaining multi-variance and minimizes the correlation
among decision trees, in addition, it is less sensitive to noise and reduction of training. Modeling
of likely land use aided in the identification of ecologically fragile areas. CA-Markov model is a
dynamic model for predicting LULC changes and can simulate long-term predictions of spatial
variation of complex patterns. The current study suggests that there is a need to establish robust
systems to frame effective policy and make interventions for the conservation and restoration of
natural resources.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abijith, D., & Saravanan, S. (2021). Assessment of land use and land cover change detection and
prediction using remote sensing and CA Markov in the northern coastal districts of Tamil Nadu,
India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-13.
Adam, E., Mutanga, O., Odindi, J., & Abdel-Rahman, E. M. (2014). Land-use/cover classification in a
heterogeneous coastal landscape using RapidEye imagery: evaluating the performance of random forest
and support vector machines classifiers. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 35(10), 3440-3458.
Literature cited 2: Adhikari, S., & Southworth, J. (2012). Simulating forest cover changes of Bannerghatta National Park
based on a CA-Markov model: a remote sensing approach. Remote Sensing, 4(10), 3215-3243.
Ahmad, F., Goparaju, L., & Qayum, A. (2017). LULC analysis of urban spaces using Markov chain
predictive model at Ranchi in India. Spatial Information Research, 25(3), 351-359.