Enter records

ID: 61857
Title: Satellite surface soil moisture from SMOS and Aquarius: Assessment for applications in agricultural landscapes.
Author: Catherine Champagne, Tracy Rowandson, Aaron Berg, Travis Burns, Jessika L ' Heureux, Erica Tetlock, Justin R.Adams, Heather McNairn, Brenda Toth, Daniel Itenfisu.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (B) 143-154 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Soil moisture, Passive microwave, SMOS, Aquarius, Calibration, Validation, Agriculture.
Abstract: Satellite surface soil moisture has become more widely available in the past five years, with several missions designed specifically for soil moisture measurement now available, including the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission and Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) mission. With a wealth of data now available, the challenge is to understand the skill and limitations of the data so they can be used routinely to support monitoring applications and to better understand environmental change. This used routinely to support monitoring applications and to better understand environmental change. This paper examined two satellite surface soil moisture data sets from SMOS and Aquarius missions against in situ networks in largely agricultural regions of Canada. The data from both sensors was compared to ground measurements on both an absolute and relative basis. Overall, the root mean squared errors for SMOS were less than 0.10 m3 at most sites, and less where the in situ soil moisture was measured at multiple sites within radiometer footprint (sites in Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario). At many sites, SMOS overestimates soil moisture shortly after rainfall events compared to the in situ data; however this was not consistent for each site and each time period. SMOS was found to underestimate drying events compared to the in situ data; however this observation was not consistent from site to site. The Aquarious soil moisture data showed higher root mean squared errors in areas where there were more frequent wetting and drying cycles. Overall, both data sets, and SMOS in particular, showed a stable and consistent pattern of capturing surface soil moisture over time.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adams, J.R., McNairn, H, Berg, A.A, Champagne, C, 2015.Evalutaion of near-surface soil moisture data from an AAFC monitoring network in Moanitoba, Canada: Implications for L-band satellite validation.J.Hydrol.521, 582-592. Al Bitar, A., Leroux, D., Kerr, Y.H., Merlin, O., Richaume, P., Sahoo, A., Wood, E.F., 2012.Evauation of SMOS soil moisture products over continental U.S.using the SCAN/SNOTEL network.IEEE Trans.Geosci.Remote Sens.50, 1572-1586.
Literature cited 2: Albergel, C., Dorigo, W., Balsamo, G., Munoz-Sabater, J., de Rosnay, P., Isaksen, L., Brocca, L., de Jeu,R., Wagner, W., 2013.Monitoring multi-decadal satellite earth observation of soil moisture products through land surface reanalyses. Remote Sens.Environ.138, 77-89.

ID: 61856
Title: A comparison of ASCAT and SMOS soil moisture retrievals over Europe and Northern Africa from 2010 to 2013.
Author: Fabio Fascetti, Nazzareno Pierdicca, Luca Pulvirenti, Raffaele Crapolicchio, J.Munoz-Sabater.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (B) 135-142 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Remote sensing, SMOS, ASCAT, Soil moisture.
Abstract: A comparison between ASCAT/H-SAF and SMOS soil moisture products was performed in the frame of the EUMETSAT H-SAF project. The analysis was extended to the whole H-SAF region of interest, including Europe and North Africa, and the period between January 2010 and November 2013 was considered. Since SMOS and ASCAT soil moisture data are expressed in terms o absolute and relative values, respectively, different approaches were adopted to scale ASCAT data to use the same volumetric soil moisture unit. Effects of land cover, quality index filtering, season and geographical area on the matching between the two products were also analyzed. The two satellite retrievals were also compared with other independent datasets, namely the NCEP/NCAR volumetric soil moisture content reanalysis developed by NOAA and the ERA-Interim/Land soil moisture produced by ECMWF. In situ data, available through the International Soil Moisture Network, were also considered as benchmark. The results turned out to be influenced by the way ASCAT data was scaled. Correlation between the two products exceeded 0.6, while the root mean square difference did not decrease below 8%.ASCAT generally showed a fairly good degree of correlation with ERA, while, as expected considering the different kinds of measurement, the discrepancies with respect to local in situ data were large for both satellite products.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Al-Yaari, A., Wigneron, J.-P.,Ducharne, A., Kerr,Y.H., Wagner,W., De Lannoyf,G., Reichle, R., Al Bitar, A.Dorigo, W.,Richaume, P., Mialon, A., 2014a.Global-scalecomparison of passive (SMOS) and active (ASCAT) satellite based microwave soil moisture retrievals with soil moisture simulations (MERRA-Land).Remote Sens.Environ.152, 614-626. Al-Yaari, A., Wigneron, J.P., Ducharne, A., Kerr,Y., de Rosnay, P., de Jeue, R., Govind,A., Al- Bitar,A.,Albergel, C., Munoz-Sabater, J., Richaume,P.,Mialonc, A.,2014b. Gloabal-scale evaluation of two satellite-based passive microwave soil moisture datasets (SMOS and AMSR-E) with respect to land data assimilation system estimates. Remote Sens Env.149, 181-195.
Literature cited 2: Balsamo, G., Albergel, C., Beljaars, A., Boussetta, S., Brun, E., Cloke, H., Dee, D., Dutra, E., Pappenberger, F., de Rosnay, P., Munoz-Sabater, J., Stockdale, T., Vitart, F., 2014.ERA-Interim/Land: a global land-surface reanalysis based on ERA-Interim meteorological forcing.Hydrol.Earth Syst.Sci.19, 389-407.doi:10.194/hess-19-389-2015. Balsamo, G., Albergel, C., Beljaars, A., Boussetta, S., Brun, E., Cloke, H., Dee, D., Dutra, E., Munoz-Sabater, J.Pappenberger, F., de Rosnay, P., Stockdale, T., Vitrat, F., 2015.ERA-Interim/Land: a global land surface reanalysis data set.Hydrol.Earth Syst.Sci.19, 389-407,http//dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-389-2015.

ID: 61855
Title: Global SMOS Soil Moisture Retrievals from the Land Parameter Retrieval Model.
Author: R.van der Schalei, Y.H.Kerr, J.P.Wigneron, N.J.Rodriguez-Fernandez, A.Al-Yaari, R.A.M. de Jeu
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (B) 125-134 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Remote sensing, Passive microwave radiometry, Soil moisture, Soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS), Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM).
Abstract: A recent study by Van der Schalie et al. (2015) showed good results for applying the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) on SMOS observations over southeast Australia and optimizing and evaluating the retrieved soil moisture (? in m3m-3) against ground measurements from the OzNet sites. In this study, the LPRM parameterization is globally updated for SMOS against modeled ? from MERRA-Land 9MERRA) and ERA-Interim/Land (ERA) over the period of July 2010-December 2010, mainly focusing on two parameters: the single scattering albedo (w and the roughness (h).The Pearson ' s coefficient of correlation (r) increased rapidly when increasing the w up to 0.12 and reached a steady state from thereon, no significant spatial pattern was found in the estimation procedure, and a single value of 0.12 was therefore used globally. The h was defined as a function of ? and varied slightly for the different angle bins, with maximum values of 1.1-1.3 as the angle changes from 42.5? to 57.5?.This resulted in an average r of 0.51 and 0.47, with a bias (m3m-3) -0.02 and -0.01 and unbiased root mean square error (ubrmse in m3m-3) of 0.054 and 0.56 against MERRA (ascending and descending).For ERA this resulted in an r of 0.61 and 0.53, with a bias of -0.03 and an ubrmse 0.055 and 0.059.The resulting parameterization was then used to run LPRM on SMOS observations over the period of July 2010-December 2013 and evaluated against SMOS Level 3 (L3) ? and available in situ measurements from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN).The comparison with L3 shows that the LPRM ? retrievals are very similar, with for the ascending set very high r of over 0.9 in large parts of the globe, with an overall average of 0.85 and the descending set performing less with an average of 0.74, mainly due to the negative r over the Sahara. The mean bias is 0.03, with an ubrmse of 0.038 and 0.44.In this study there are three major areas and over high altitudes, which are all known limitations of LPRM. The comparison against situ measurement from the ISMN give very similar results, with average r LPRM. The comparisons against situ measurement from the ISMN give very similar results, with average r for LPRM of 0.65 and 0.61 (0.64 and 0.59 for L3) for the ascending and descending sets, while having a comparable bias and ubrmse over the different networks. This shows that LPRM used on SMOS observations produce ? retrievals with a similar quality as the SMOS L3 product.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Albergel, C., De Rosnay, P., Gruhier, C., Munoz-Sabatr, J.,Hasenauer, J., S., Isaksen,L., Kerr, Y.,Wagner, W., 2012.Evaluation of remotely sensed and modeled soil moisture products using global ground-based in situ observations. Remote Sens.Environ.118, 215-226, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.11.017. Albergel, C., Rudiger, C., Pellarin, T., Calvet, J.C., Fritz,N.,Froissard, F., et al., 2008.From near-surface to root-zone soil moisture using an exponential filter: an assessment of the method based on in-situ observations and modelsimulations.Hydropl.Earth Syst..Sci.12, 1323-1337.
Literature cited 2: Balsamo, G., Viterbo, P., Beljaars, A., Van den Hurk, B., Hirschi, M., Betts, A.K., Scipal, K., 2009.A revised hydrology for the ECMWF model: verification from field site to terrestrial water storage and impact in the integrated forecast system.J.Hydrometerol. 10(3) http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM1068.1 Batralis, Z., Wagner, W., Naeimi, V., Hasenauer, S., Scipal, K., Bonekamp, H., Figa, J., Anderson., 2007.Initial soil moisture retrievals from the METOP-A.advanced.Scatterometer (ASCAT).Geophy.Res.Lett.34, L20401.

ID: 61854
Title: Soil moisture variability over odra watershed: Comparison between SMOS and GLDAS data.
Author: Jaroslaw Zawadzki, Mateusz Kedzior.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (B) 110-124 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Soil moisture, SMOS, GLDAS, CATDS, The Odra watershed, Regional studies.
Abstract: Monitoring of temporal and spatial soil moisture variability is an important issue, both from practical and scientific point of view. It is well known that passive, L-band radiometric measurements provide best soil moisture estimates. Unfortunately as it was observed during Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission which was specially dedicated to measure soil moisture, these measurements suffer significant data loss. It is caused mainly by radio frequency interference (RFI) which strongly contaminates Central Europe and even in particularly unfavourable conditions, might prevent these data from being used for regional or watershed scale analysis. Nevertheless, it is highly awaited by researchers to receive statistically significant information on soil moisture over the area of a big watershed. One of such watersheds, the Odra (Oder) river watershed, lies in three European countries-Poland, Germany and the Czech Republic. The area of the Odra river watershed is equal to 118, 861 km2 making it the second most important river in Poland as well as one of the most significant one in Central Europe. This paper examines the SMOS soil moisture data in the Odra river watershed in the period from 2010 to 2012.This attempt was made to check the possibility of assessing, from the low spatial resolution observations of SMOS, useful information that could be exploited for practical aims in watershed scale, for example, in water storage models even while moderate RFI takes place. Such studies, performed over the area of large watershed, were recommended by researchers in order to obtain statistically significant results. To meet these expectations, centre Aval de Traitement des Donnes SMOS (CATDS), 3-days averaged data, together with Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Oregon State University/Air Force/Hydrologic Research Lab (NOAH) model 0.25 soil moisture values were used for statistical analyses and mutual comparisons. The results obtained using various statistical tools unveil high scientific potential of CATDS SMOS data to study soil moisture over the Odra river watershed. This was also confirmed by reasonable agreement between results derived from CATDS SMOS Ascending and GLDAS datasets. This agreement was achieved mainly by using these data spatially averaged over the whole watershed area, and for observations performed in the period longer than three-day averaging time. Comparisons of separate three-day data in a given pixel position, or at a smaller areas would be difficult because of data gaps. Hence, the results of the work suggest that despite of RFI interferences, SMOS observations can provide effective input for analysis of soil moisture at regional scales. Moreover, it was shown that CATDS SMOS soil moisture data are better correlated with rainfall rate than GLDAS ones.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bircher, S., N.Kerr ,Y., 2013.Validation of SMOS L1C and L2 products and important parameters of the retrieval algorithm in the Skjern River Catchment, Western Denmark, IEEE Trans.Geosci.Remote Sens. 51 (5). Brocca, L., Tullo, T., Melone, F., 2012.Catchment scale soil moistures spatial-temporal variability.J.Hydrol.422-423, 63-75.
Literature cited 2: Brocca, L., Tullo, T., Melone, F., Moramarco, T., Wagner, W., Hasenauer, S., 2010.ASCAT soilwetness index validation through in situ and modeled soil moisture data in central Italy.Remot Sens.Environ. 114 (11), 2745-2755. Brocca, L., Melone, F., Moramarco, T., Morbidelli, R., 2010.Spatial-temporal variability of soil moisture and its estimation across scales. Water Resour.Res.46.

ID: 61853
Title: On the importance of satellite observed soil moisture.
Author: Richard de Jeu
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (B) 107-109 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Importance, satellite, observed, soil, moisture.
Abstract: During the past 15 years, remotely sensed soil moisture data products have matured: while in the beginning of this century a few basic experimental science data products were available, nowadays several completely error characterized operational data products are available. When the first global soil moisture datasets from active (Wagner et al., 1999) and passive (De Jeu, 2003; Njoku et al., 2003) microwave sensors appeared, the usefulness of these datasets was not immediately clear, mainly due to the less appealing characteristics of these datasets compared to, for example, the optical satellite products. These datasets had a felt coarse resolution of approximately 0.25?, low sampling rates, and the quality of the datasets was not yet well defined, which made the data at first sight less useful for environmental applications.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: De Jeu, R.A.M., 2003, Retrieval of Land Surface Parametrs Using Passive Microwave Observations, PhD Dissertation.VU, Amsterdam, pp.120, ISBN90-9016430-8. De Jeu, R.A.M., Wagner, W.W., Holmes, T.R.H.,Dolman, A.J., van de Giesen, N.C., Friesen, J., 2008.Global soil moisture patterns observed by space borne microwave radiometers and scatterometrs.Surv.Geophys.28, 399-420, http://dx.doi.org/10.100712-008-9044-0.
Literature cited 2: Draper, C.S., Walker, J.P., Steinle, P.J., De Jeu, R.A.M., Holmes, T.R.H., 2009.Evaluation of AMSR-E derived soil moisture over Australia. Remote Sens. Environ, 113, 703-710, http:dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.11.011.

ID: 61852
Title: Linking movement and environmental data: The need for representation.
Author: A.Ibrahim, U.Turdukulov, M.-J.Kraak.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 95-105(2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Movement data, Environmental data, Spatiotemporal representation, Spatiotemporal data integration, Movement behaviour.
Abstract: In several domains, there has been an increasing interest in analysisng moving objects due to recent ubiquity of location tracking devices. These locations are commonly abstracted and stored as trajectories: a finite set of ordered in time geometries. Tracked objects tend to move in a certain environment that influences their movement behaviour. Time dependent environmental data are commonly abstracted and stored/ in grid/array structures that have different granularities and characteristics compare to the trajectory datasets. Movement analysis requires linking these two data types. However, little consideration has been given to the issues of integration in the moving objects databases that is primarily dealing with trajectory storage and analysis as well as in array databases dealing mainly with the storage and retrieval of grid structures. In this paper, we propose a database model that utilizes abstract data types for combining trajectories and time dependent environmental data. We introduce a set of spatio-temporal operations for interacting with raster data and integrating them with the moving geometries. We demonstrate how integration operations can be used for manipulation and analysis of moving objects, using trajectories of tropical cyclone and environmental data, using sea surface temperature (SST) for the period from 1980 to 2009 as a case study. Since tropical cyclones generally gain strength over the warmer seas, the proposed operations are used to answer questions about genesis and movement patterns of tropical cyclones, in relation to the changing patterns of the SST.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Andrienko, G., Andrienko, N., M., 2011.An event-based conceptual model for context-aware movement analysis.Int.J.Geograph.Inf.Sci.25, 1347-1370. Baumann, P., Holsten, S., 2011.A comparative analysis of array models for databases. In: Kim, T., Adeli, H., Arslan, T., Zhang, Y., Ma, J., Chung, K., Mariyam, S., Song, X. (Eds).Database Theory and Application, Bio-Science and Bio-Technology, Vol.258 of Communications I n Computer and Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp.80-89.
Literature cited 2: Buchin, M.Dodge, S., Speckmann, B., 2014.Similarity of trajectories taking into account geographic context.J.Spat.Inf.Sci.9, 101-124. Emanuel, K., 1988.The maximum intensity of hurricanes.J.Atmos.Sci.45, 1143-1155.

ID: 61851
Title: A new burn severity index based on land surface temperature and enhanced vegetation index.
Author: Zhong Zheng, Yongnian Zeng, Songnian Li, Wei Huang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 84-94 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Burn severity, vegetation index, Land surface temperature, Forest fire.
Abstract: Remotely sensed data have already become one of the major resources for estimating the burn severity of forest fires. Recently, Land surface Temperature (LST) calculated from remote sensing data has been considered as a potential indicator for estimating burn severity. However, using the LST-based index alone may not be sufficient for estimating burn severity in the areas that has unburned tree and vegetation. In this paper, a new index is proposed by considering LST and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) together. The accuracy of the proposed index was evaluated by using 264 composite burn index (CBI) field sample data of the five fires across different regional eco-type areas in the Western United States. Results show that the proposed index performed equally well for post-fire areas covered with both sparse vegetation and dense vegetation and relatively better than some commonly-used burn severity indices. This index also has high potential of estimating burn severity if more accurate surface temperatures can be obtained in the future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Berg, N.D., Gese, E.M., Squires, J.R., ASubry, L.M., 2012.Influence of forest structure on the abundance of snowshoe hares in western Wyoming.J.Wildl.Manage.76, 1480-1488. Brown, P.M., Sieg, C.H., 1999.Historical variability in fire at the ponderosa pine-Northern Great Palins prairie ecotone, southeastern Black Hills, south Dakota.Ecoscience 6, 539-547.
Literature cited 2: Chen, X., Voglemann, J.E., Rollins, M., Ohlen, D., Key, C.H., Yang,L., Huang, C., Shi,H., 2011.Detecting post-fire burn severity and vegetation recovery using multitemporal remote sensing spectral indices and field-collected composite burn index data in a ponderosa pine forest.Int.J.Remote Sens.32, 7905-7927. Chuvieco, E., Cocero ,D., Riano, D.,Martin, P., Martinez-Vega,J., de la Riva, J., Perez ,F., 2004.Combining NDVI and surface temperature for the estimation of live fuel moisture content in forest fire danger rating. Remote Sens.Environ.92, 322-331.

ID: 61850
Title: Improving remote sensing research an education in developing countries: Approaches and recommendations.
Author: Barry Haack, Robert Ryerson.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 77-83 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Remote sensing, Developing countries, Technology transfer, Capacity building.
Abstract: Since the 1970s, a number of different models have been used to develop basic and applied science capacities of remote sensing in developing countries. Those efforts have had varied levels of success. One of the more effective capacity building efforts is extended training workshops held within the targeted developing country institution with existing resources. The extending training format requires participant teams to complete a remote sensing project for their country in their organization. The basic science activity of developing country scientists was documented was by a review of six remote sensing journals which determined that a very small percentage of remote sensing manuscript authors are from developing countries. Many developing countries have established internal remote sensing capacities but many others have not. Given the potential importance of remote sensing for natural resource assessment and monitoring as well as economic decision making, more attention must be given to assisting those countries in hardware, software, internet capacity and technical assistance.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adedeji, A., 1988.Remote sensing and African development programmes.Photogrammetria 43 (1), 17-24. Brandenberger, A.J., 1968.The impact of (photogrammetric) surveying and mapping on the framework of national and international economy. In: Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Washington, D.C.
Literature cited 2: Campbell, F.H.A., Ryerson, R.A., Brown, R.J., 1995.GlobeSAR: a Canadian radar remote sensing program.Geocarto Int. 10 (3), 3-7. Conitz, M., 1978.A development Assistance Program in Remote Sensing.Photogramm.Eng.Remote Sens.44, 177-182.

ID: 61849
Title: Estimating leaf functional traits by inversion of PROSPECT: Assessing leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area in mixed mountainous.
Author: Abebe Mohammed Ali, Roshanak Darvishzadeh, Andrew K.Skidmore, Iris van Duren, Uta Heiden, Marco Heurich.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 66-76 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Functional leaf traits, Radiative transfer model, PROSPECT, LDMC, SLA.
Abstract: Assessments of ecosystem functioning rely heavily on quantification of vegetation properties. The search is on for methods that produce reliable and accurate baseline information on plant functional traits. In this study, the inversion of the PROSPECT radiative transfer model was used to estimate who functional leaf traits: leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA).Inversion of PROSPECT usually aims at quantifying its direct input parameters. This is the first time the technique has been used to indirectly model LDMC and SLA. Inversion of PROSPECT usually aims at quantifying its direct input parameters. This is the first time the technique has been used to indirectly model LDMC and SLA. Biophysical parameters of 137 leaf samples were measured using an ASD FieldSpec3 quipped with an integrating sphere. PROSPECT was inverted using a look-up table (LUT) approach. The LUTs were generated with and without using prior information. The effect of incorporating prior information on the retrieval accuracy was studied before and after stratifying the samples into broadleaf and conifer categories. The estimated values were evaluated using R2 and normalized root mean square error (nRMSE). Among the retrieved variables the lowest nRMSE (0.0899) was observed for LDMC. For both traits higher R2 values (0.83 for LDMC and 0.89 for SLA) were discovered in the pooled samples. The use of prior information improved accuracy of the retrieved traits. The strong correlation between the estimated traits and the NIR/SWIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum suggests that these leaf traits could be assessed at canopy level by using remotely sensed data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Albert, C.H., Thuiller, W., Yocoz, N.G., Soudant A., Boucher, F., et al., 2010.Intraspecific functional variability: extent, structure and sources of variation.J.Ecol.98 (3), 604-613. Asner, G.P., Braswell, B.H., Schimel, D.S., Wessman, C.A., 1998.Ecological research needs from multiangle remote sensing data. Remote Sens.Environ.63 (2), 155-165.
Literature cited 2: Asner, G.P., Martin, R.E., 2008.Spectral and chemical analysis of tropical forests: scaling from leaf to canopy levels. Remote Sens.Environ.112 (10), 3958-3970. Asner, G.P., Martin, R.E., 2009.Airborne spectranomics: mapping canopy chemical and taxonomic diversity in tropical forests.Front.Ecol.Environ. 7 (5), 269-276.

ID: 61848
Title: Characterizing the spatial dynamics of land surface temperature-impervious surface fraction relationship.
Author: Jiong Wang, Zhan Qingming, Huagui Guo, Zhicheng Jin.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 55-65 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Spatial dynamics, Scale, LST, ISF, Relationship.
Abstract: The land surface temperature (LST) pattern is treated as one of the primary indications of environmental impacts of land cover change. Researchers continue to explore the potential contribution of land surface to temperate rising. The LST-land surface relationship is dynamic and varies spatially. Based upon the previous studies, this research assumes that such dynamics is manifested at two levels: (1) the phenomenon level, and (2) its formation mechanism level. The research presents a workflow of exploring such dynamics at both levels. The variogram of the phenomenon and multi-scale analysis of the LST-land surface relationship are mutually interpreted. In the case study of Wuhan, China, the variogram of the LST indicates that the operational scale of the phenomenon is 500-650 m. It suggests the optimal scale to inspect the LST and its cause in the study area. This finding is verified and further inspected through multi-scale analysis of the LST-Impervious Surface Fraction (ISF) relationship at the formation mechanism level. The research also employs the Spatial Autocorrelation model to show how the ISF impacts the LST through scales. A flexible autocorrelation weight matrix is proposed and implemented in the model. The parameters of the model exhibit the thermal sensitivity of land surface and again represent the scale features. The ordinary Least Square regression is used as the benchmark. Several implications are discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abedini, M.J., Shaghaghian, M.R., 2009.Exploring scaling laws in surface topography. Chaos Soliton.Frac.42 (4), 2373-2383. Anderson, M.C., Norman, J.M., Kustas, W.P., Houborg, R., Starks, P.J., Agam, N., 2008. A thermal-based remote sensing technique for routine mapping of land-surface carbon, water and energy fluxes from field to regional scales. Remote Sens.Environ.112 (12), 4227-4241.
Literature cited 2: Anselin, Luc, Bera, Anil K., 1998.Spatial dependence in linear regression models with an introduction to spatial econometrics. Stat Textbooks Monogr.155, 237-290. Anselin, Luc, 2001.Spatial Econometrics. A Companion to Theoretical Econometrics. Wiley, pp.310-330.

ID: 61847
Title: Disturbance analyses of forests and grassland with MODIS and Landsat in New Zealand.
Author: Kirsten M.de Beurs, Braden C.Owsley, Jason P.Julian.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 42-54 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: MODIS, Landsat, Tasseled Cap, Forests, Grasslands.
Abstract: In this study we present, evaluate and validate an approach to monitor forest and grassland disturbance. We apply the approach to both Landsat and MODIS imagery for the North Island of New Zealand and validate the results based on high resolution OrbView and Ikonos imagery. We found an overall accuracy of the disturbance index of 98 % for the two studied land cover types. The kappa value was 0.770 indicating a 77 % better agreement than what would have occurred by chance. We found that there is a difference between the accuracy received for grassland areas compared to the accuracy received for forest areas, with the grassland areas outperforming the forest areas (Kappa of 0.855 vs.0.656).We split the validation results by soil type and also evaluate the effect of different soil types with respect to grazing pressures. The disturbance index behaved consistently for all available soil orders. We found forest disturbance for approximately 36.2 % of the exotic forests, resulting in an annual clearing rate of 2.6 % of the forest over the study period. Lastly we present a close-up study to evaluate the changes in grazing in one intensely used catchment. We demonstrate that the December/January disturbance rates have increased from about 6 % in 2000 to about 16 % in 2012.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Arnett, J.T., Coops, N.C., Gergel, S.E., Falls, R.W., Baker, R.H., 2014.Detecting stand-replacing disturbance using rapideye imagery: a tasseled cap transformation and modified disturbance index.Can.J.Remote Sens.40, 1-14. Conant, R.T., 2010.Challenges and Opportunities for Carbon Sequestration in Grassland Systems: a technical Report on Grassland Management and Climate Change Mitigation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Literature cited 2: Congalton, R.G., 1991. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens.Environ.37, 35-46. Crist, Eric P., 1985.A TM tasseled cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data. Remote Sens.Environ.37, 35-46.

ID: 61846
Title: Classification mapping and species identification of salt marshes based on short-time interval NDVI time-series from HJ-1 optical imagery.
Author: Chao Sun, Yongxue Liu, Saishuai Zhao, Minxi Zhou, Yuhao Yang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 27-41 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Salt marshes, Time-series, C5.0 decision tree, HJ-1 satellite, Spartina alterniflora, Phenology.
Abstract: Salt marshes are seen as the most dynamic and valuable ecosystems in coastal zones, and in these areas, it is crucial to obtain accurate remote sensing information on the spatial distributions of species over time. However, discriminating various types of salt marsh is rather difficult because of their strong spectral similarities. Previous salt marsh mapping studies have focused mainly on high spatial and spectral (i.e., hyperspectral) resolution images combined with auxiliary information; however the results are often limited to small regions. With a high temporal and moderate spatial resolution, the Chinese Huanjing 1 (HJ-1) satellite optical imagery can be used not only to monitor phonological changes of salt marsh vegetation over short-time intervals, but also obtain coverage of large areas. Here, we apply HJ-1 satellite imagery to the middle coast of Jiangsu in east China to monitor changes in saltmarsh vegetation cover. First, we constructed a monthly NDVI time-series to classify various types of salt marsh and then we tested the possibility of using compressed time-series continuously, to broaden the applicability of this particular approach. Our principal findings are as followsL1) the overall accuracy of salt marsh mapping based on the monthly NDVI time-series was 90.3 %, which was ~16.0 % higher than the single-phase classification strategy; (2)a compressed time-series, including NDVI from six key months (April, June-September, and November), demonstrated very little reduction (2.3 %) in overall accuracy but led to obvious improvements in unstable regions; and (3) a simple rule for Spartina alterniflora identification was established using a scene solely from November, which may provide an effective way for regularly monitoring its distribution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Artigas, F.J., Yang, J.S., 2006.Spectral discrimination of marsh vegetation types in the New Jersey Meadowlands, USA.Wetlands 26, 271-277. Belluco, E., Camuffo, M., Ferrari, S., Modenese, L., Silvestri, S., Marani, A., Marani, M., 2006.Mapping salt-marsh vegetation by multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing. Remote Sens.Environ.105, 54-67.
Literature cited 2: Bertness, M.D., Ewanchuk, P.J., Silliman, B.R., 2002.Anthropogenic modification of New England salt marsh landscapes.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.99, 1395-1398.

ID: 61845
Title: Looking back and looking forwards: Historical and future trends in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indo-Pacific region from 1982 to 2100.
Author: Idham Khalil, Peter M.Atkinson, Peter Challenor.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 14-26 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: SST, Space-time, Coral Triangle, South China Sea.
Abstract: The ocean warming trend is a well-known global phenomenon. As early AS 2001, and then reiterated in 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that the global average sea surface temperature (SST) will increase by about 0.2? C per decade. To date, however, only a limited number of studies have been published reporting the spatio-temporal trends in SST in the Indo-Pacific region, one the richest marine ecosystems on Earth. In this research, the monthly 1? spatial resolution NOAA Optimum interpolation (OI) sea surface temperature (SST) V2 dataset (OISSTv2) derived from measurements made by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and in situ measurements, were used to examine the spatio-temporal trends in SST in the region. The multi-model mean SST from the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6) mitigation scenario of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) was also used to forecast future SST from 2020 to 2100, decadally. Three variables from the OISSTv2, namely maximum (MaxSST), mean (MeanSST) and minimum (MinSST) monthly mean SST, were regressed against time measured in months from 1982 to 2010 using linear regression. Results revealed warming trends detected for all three SST variables. In the Coral Triangle a warming trend with a rate of 0.013? C year-1, 0.017?C year-1,and 0.019?C year-1 was detected over 29 years for MaxSST, MeanSST and MinSST, respectively. In the SCS, the warming rate was 0.011?C year-1, (MaxSST), 0.012?C year-1 (MeanSST) and 0.015?C year-1 (MinSST) over 29 years. The CMIP5 RCP2.6 forecast suggested a future warming rate to 2100 of 0.004? C year-1 for both areas, and for all three SST variables. The warming trends reported in this study provide useful insights for improved marine-related management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alien, M.R., Mutlow, C.T., Blumberg, G.M.C., Christy, J.R., Mcnider, R.T., Llewellyn-Jones, D.T., 1994.Global change detection. Nature 370, 24. Bruno, J.F., Selig, E.R., 2007.Regional decline of coral cover in the Indo-Pacific: timing, extent, and subregional comparisons.PLoS One 2, e 711.
Literature cited 2: Burke, L., Reytar, K., Spalding, M., Perry, A., 2012.Reefs at Risk Revisited in the Coral Triangle. World Resource Institute, Washington D.C., USA. Carpenter, K.E., Arbar, M.,Aeby, G.,Aronson, R.B., Banks, S.,Bruckner, A., Chiriboga, A., Cortes, J., Dewlbeek, J.C., Devantier, L.,Edgar, G.J., Edwards, A.J., Fenner, D., Guzman, H.M.,Hoeksema, B.W.,Hodgson, G.,Johan,O., Licuanan, W.Y.,Livingstone, S.R, Lovell, E.R.,Moore, J.A., Obura, D.O., Ochavillo, D., Polidoro, B.A., Precht, W.F., Quibilan, M.C., Reboton, C., Richards, Z.T., Rogers, A.D.,Sanciangco, J., Sheppard, A., Sheppard, C.,smith, J., Stuart, S.,Turak, E., Veron, J.E., Wallace, C., Weil.E.,Wood, E., 2008.One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts. Science 321, 560-563.

ID: 61844
Title: The backscattering characteristics of wetland vegetation and water-level changes detection using multi-mode SAR: A case study
Author: Meimei Zhang, Zhen Li, Bangsen Tian, Jianmin Zhou, Panpan Tang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 1-13 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Multi-mode, Backscattering mechanism, Interferometric characteristics, Water-level changes, The Liaohe River Delta.
Abstract: A full understanding of the backscattering characteristics of wetlands is necessary for the analysis of the hydrological conditions. In this study, a temporal set of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, acquired at different frequencies, polarizations and incidence angles over the coastal wetlands of the Liaohe River Delta, China, were used to characterize seasonal variations in radar backscattering coefficient for reed marshes and rice fields. The combination of SAR backscattering intensity and an optical-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for long time series can provide additional insight into vegetation structural and its hydrological states. After identifying the factors that induce the backscattering and scattering mechanism changes, detailed analysis of L-band ALOS PALSAR interferometric SAR (InSAR) imagery was conducted to study water-level changes under different environmental conditions. In addition, ENVISAT altimetry was used to validate the accuracy of the water-level changes estimated using the InSAR technique-this is an effective tool instead of sparsely distributed gauge stations for the validation. Our study demonstrates that L-band SAR data with horizontal polarization is particularly suitable for the extraction of water-level changes in the study area; however, vertically-polarized C-band data may also be useful where the density of herbaceous vegetation is low at the initial stage. It is also shown that integrated analysis of the backscattering mechanism and interferometric characteristics using multi-mode SAR can considerably enhance the reliability of water-level retrieval scheme and better capture the spatial distribution of hydrological patterns.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alsdorf, D.E., Smith, L.C., Melack, J.M., 2001.Amazon floodplain water level changes measured with interferometric SIR-C radar.Geosci.Remote Sens.IEEE Trans.39, 423-431. Bourgeau-Chavez, L.L, Smith, K.B., Brunzell, S.M., Kasischke, E.S., Romanowicz, E.A., Richardson, C.J., 2005.Remote monitoring of regional inundation patterns and hydroperiod in the greater everglades using synthetic aperture radar. Wetlands 25, 176-191.
Literature cited 2: Cai, X., Ji, W., 2009.Wetland hydrologic application of satellite altimetry-a case study in the Pyong Lake watershed.Prog.Nat.Sci.19, 1781-1787. Coe, M.T., 1998.Alinked global of terrestrial hydrologic processes: simulation of modern rivers, lakes, and wetlands.J.Geophys.Res.Atmos. (1984-2012) 103, 8885-8899.

ID: 61843
Title: Facilitating the production of ISO-compliant metadata of geospatial datasets.
Author: Gregory Giuliani, Yaniss Guigoz, Pierre Lacroix, Nicolas Ray, Anthony Lehmann
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 239-243 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: ISO 19115, CSW, Metadata production, Harvesting, Data discovery, Spatial data infrastructure.
Abstract: Metadata are recognized as an essential element to enable efficient and effective discovery of geospatial data published in spatial data infrastructures (SDI).However, metadata production is still perceived as a complex, tedious and time-consuming task. This typically results in little metadata production and can seriously hinder the objective of facilitating data discovery. In response to this issue, this paper presents a proof of concept based on an interoperable work-flow between a data publication server and a metadata catalog to automatically generate ISO-complaint metadata. The proposed approach facilitates metadata creation by embedding this task in daily data management workflows; ensures that data and metadata are permanently up-to-date; significantly reduces the obstacles of metadata production; and potentially facilitates contributions to initiatives like the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) by making geospatial resources discoverable.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Batcheller, J.K., 2008.Automating geospatial metadata generation-an integrated data management and documentation approach.Comput.Geosci. 34 (4), 387-398. Batcheller, J.K., Gittings, B.M., Dunfey, R.I., 2009.A method for automating geospatial dataset metadata.Fut.Internet 1 (1), 28-46.
Literature cited 2: Craglia, M., de Bie, K., Jackson, D., Pesaresi, M., Remetey-Fulopp, G., Wang, C., Annoni, A., Bian, L., Campbell, F., Ehlers, M., van Genderen, J., Goodchild,M., Guo,H., Lewis,A., Simpson, R., Skidmore,A., Woodgate,P., 2012.Digital Earth 2020: towards the vision for the next decade.Int.J.Digit.Earth 5 (1), 4-21. Diaz, L., Granell, C., Gould, M., Huerta, J., 2011.Managing user-generated information in geospatial cyberinfrastructures.Fut.Gener.Comput.Syst.27 (3), 304-314.