ID: 65695
Title: Evaluation of Water Quality of Harmu River: a Tributary of Subarnarekha Basin using Multivariate Analysis
Author: Mrigendra Kumar and Ramakar Jha
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1472-1479 2022.
Subject: Evaluation of Water Quality of Harmu River: a Tributary of Subarnarekha Basin using Multivariate Analysis
Keywords: Harmu river, Water quality, Water quality pollution level, Factor analysis, Principal component analysis
Abstract: Water quality observation data were collected from 10 representative monitoring sites located in the mainstream of the Harmu river and its tributaries between 2017 and 2021. Based on these data, the water quality and characteristics of harmu river were evaluated by conducting multivariate statistical analysis for 8 pollution indicators. Monitoring site M1 is starting point of the river harmu in city Ranchi and monitoring site M10 is located downstream of the Harmu river, exhibited high-concentration tendencies. The monitoring sites located near the city and midstream and downstream of the Harmu river exhibited high pollution levels in the investigation. To analyse the spatial and temporal variations in the water quality at 10 major monitoring sites in the harmu river, a tributary of Subarnarekha basin, principal component and factor analyses were conducted by separating the average water quality data based upon (a) monitoring site and (b) season. As a result, three factors were obtained for (a) and (b), respectively. In the Harmu river, the first factor was shown to be organic pollutants (total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand) and as a result of cluster analysis, two statistically significant groups were classified. The results of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the monitoring sites with high levels of pollution were mostly those sites going through the heart of the city or the sites affected by residential sewage directly, as well as the sites located midstream and downstream of the Harmu river. The water quality pollution level was calculated based on the above study results and priorities for water quality improvement items required in future watershed management were determined in order to facilitate efficient water quality management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bricker, O.P. and B.F. Jones. 1995. Main factors affecting the composition of natural waters. In Trace elements in natural waters. Ed B. Salbu and E. Steinnes. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Dixon, W. and B. Chiswell. 1996. Review of aquatic monitoring programme design. Water Res., 30:1935-1948.
Literature cited 2: Vega, M., et al. 1998. Assessment of seasonal and polluting effects on the quality of river water by exploratory data analysis. Water Res., 32:3581-3592.
Adams, S., et al. 2001. Hydrochemical characteristic of aquifers near Sutherland in the western Karoo, South Africa. J. Hydrol., 241:91-103.
ID: 65694
Title: Evaluation of the level of industrial pollution in the City of Touggourt (Algeria)
Author: Abdelkrim Benarabi, Mohammed el Seghir Nili and Ali Douadi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1464-1471 2022.
Subject: Evaluation of the level of industrial pollution in the City of Touggourt (Algeria)
Keywords: Pollution indicators, Environmental pollution, Heavy metals, Industrial activity, Touggourt city
Abstract: The environment is never spared from the pollution which threatens its elements, in particular the soil, especially if it is in an industrial activity zone. because of its direct impact on human health and other living organisms, its preservation and protection have, therefore, become everyone’s business. In order to confirm it, this study has come to assess the concentration of certain heavy elements, such as cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb) in the surface soil of the area of Touggourt industrial activity, using the latest indicators of environmental pollution. the highest contamination factor (CF) values for cobalt, manganese and lead were 0.277, 0.008 and 0.292, respectively. While the enrichment factor (EF) values were 41.79 for cobalt and 50.49 for lead. The maximum value of the pollutant load index (PLI) was recorded as 0.133. According to these pollution indices, the results of this study have indicated that human effects or industrial wastes and traffic in particular were the sources of heavy metal contamination in the studied region.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kaiser, M.F., et al. 2006. Heavy metals contamination of a mediterranean coastal ecosystem, Eastern Nile delta, Egypt. In International perspectives on global environmental change. Ed Stephen Young. pp 297-310.
Idowu, E., et al. 2014. Heavy metal bioaccu-mulation and biomarkers of oxidative stress in the wild African tiger frog, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis. African J. Env. Sci. Tech., 8(1):6-15.
Literature cited 2: Jaishankar, M., et al. 2014. Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdiscip. Toxicol., 7(2):60-72.
Likuku, S., K. Mmolawa and G. Gaboutloeloe. Assessment of heavy metal enrichment and degree of contamination around the copper-nickel mine in the Selebi Phikwe region, eastern Botswana. Env. Ecol. Res., 1(2):32-40.
ID: 65693
Title: Anthropogenic Impacts on Plankton Biodiversity and Water Quality Parameters
Author: Sejuti Roy and Santosh Kumar Sarkar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1456-1463 2022.
Subject: Anthropogenic Impacts on Plankton Biodiversity and Water Quality Parameters
Keywords: Anthropogenic effect, plankton, tintinnid, water quality, biodiversity
Abstract: To determine the anthropogenic effect on the water quality and plankton biodiversity, a study was conducted at four sites along Ganges (Hooghly) river estuary and another four sites at Gangasagar, extreme southern part of Sagar island, western part of Indian Sundarban. Two different events, namely idol immersion after Durga puja and Gangasagar mela (GSM), which hugely responsible for the deterioration of the total aquatic heath, was chosen for this study. The hydrological parameters showed considerable heterogeneity for both the events – idol immersion and Gangasagar mela. Dissolved oxygen (DO), also correlated with pH, showed the maximum (5.81) and minimum (4.09) value during GSM and immersion, respectively. The turbidity value was found to be maximum at Babughat (19.5) during the immersion of idol. On average, maximum chlorophyll a concentration was recorded during post event periods, coinciding with maximum abundance and diversity of phytoplankton. The pattern of tintinnid ciliate (dominant microzooplankton) distribution exhibited relatively lower values during the events and an increasing trend towards the end of the events. Maximum (557 in/dL) and minimum numerical abundance (51 in/dL) of tintinnids were noticed during post and during the event, respectively. Our data support a positive relationship with the spatial and temporal fluctuations of phytoplankton with tintinnids.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Trivedi, R.C. 2011. Water quality of the Ganga river- An overview. Aquatic Ecosys. Health Manage., 13(4): 347-351.
Bajpai, A. 1993. Limnological studies to acess water quality of upper lake, Bhopal. Abs. Nat. Seem. On conserve Dev. Aqu. Resource. pp 23-24.
Literature cited 2: Vyas, A., et al. 2006. Environmental impact of idol immersion activity lakes of Bhopal, India. Asian J. Exp. Sci., 20(2): 289-296.
Barria de Cao, M.S., M. Beight and C. Piccolo. 2005. Temporal variability of diversity and biomass of tintinnids (ciliophora) in a southeastern Atlantic temperate estuary. J. Plank. Res., 27(11): 1103-1111.
ID: 65692
Title: Landuse Land Cover Study with Different Geospatial Indices of Korba Coalfield Region, Chhattisgarh, India
Author: Vijayendra Pratap Dheeraj, C.S. Singh and Ashwani Kumar Sonkar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1445-1455 2022.
Subject: Landuse Land Cover Study with Different Geospatial Indices of Korba Coalfield Region, Chhattisgarh, India
Keywords: Landuse/land cover, Change rate calculation, Geo-spatial indices, Korba coalfield region, Chhattisgarh
Abstract: This present study has been made carried out for the analysis of landuse land cover (LULC) changes in Korba Coalfield, Chhattisgarh, from last 19 years of data (that is 2002-2021). Remote sensing and GIS datasets were adopted to analyse spatial-temporal changes. LULC classes were classified mainly into barren land, built-up area, cropland, forest area, mining area and water bodies. The maximum likelihood method of supervised classification (ArcGIS software) was adopted to classify selected images into suitable LULC classes. The changes in land cover are detected on 5–7 year time interval using satellite data of Landsat 4-5 TM, Landsat-8 OLI and TIRS with different geo-spatial indices, like normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI) and normalized difference soil index (NDSI). The observations show that cropland and forest area indicate maximum degradation and decreased with net change by 58.57 km2 in 2002 and 82.54 km2 in 2021(-16.03 km2) and 40.69 km2 in 2002 and 32.24 km2 in 2021 (-8.45 km2) whereas built-up area and mining area have increased with net change by 29.38 km2 in 2002 and 39.64 km2 in 2021 (+10.26 km2) and 28.48 km2 in 2002 and 38.81 km2 in 2021 (+8.33 km2), respectively. Apart from this, barren land and water bodies were also increased with net change by 22.86 km2 in 2002 and 26.53 km2 in 2021 (+3.67 km2) and 6.59 km2 in 2002 and 8.81 km2 in 2021 (+2.22 km2). Net change, percentage change and rate of change in land cover of different classes were also calculated. Therefore, these used indices are very reliable for mapping as well as monitoring different land cover changes over a large extent in mining areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mwitwa, J., et al. 2012. Governance and sustainability challenges in landscapes shaped by mining: mining-forestry linkages and impacts in the copper belt of Zambia and the DR Congo. For. Pol. Econ., 25:19–30.
Abd El-Hamid, H.T., W. Caiyong and Z. Yongting. 2019. Geospatial analysis of landuse driving force in coal mining area: case study in Ningdong, China. Geo. J., 86(1):1-16.
Literature cited 2: Samal, D.R. and S.S. Gedam. 2015. Monitoring land-use changes associated with urbanization: An object-based image analysis approach. European J. Rem. Sens., 48 (1):85–99.
Orimoloye, I.R. and O.O. Ololade. 2020a. Potential implications of gold-mining activities on some environmental components: a global assessment (1990 to 2018). J. King Saud Univ. Sci., 32 (4): 2432–2438.
ID: 65691
Title: Zero Waste Package Free Shops in India: The Green Road Ahead
Author: Aswathi C. Ajayan and Rittu Susan Varkey
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1427-1444 2022.
Subject: Zero Waste Package Free Shops in India: The Green Road Ahead
Keywords: zero-waste, package-free shops, Sustainable development
Abstract: Package-free stores or zero waste stores are emerging as an innovative sustainable concept these days. This paper attempts to analyze the modus operandi of package free stores in India, their main features and the challenges that they face. Data was collected from five package-free shops in India among which one store has multiple branches across the nation. As of today, these stores cover almost the entire population. The findings suggest that these stores promote sustainable consumption among the people and also meet three important sustainable development goals (SDGs). They uplift the local economy and contribute to the economic prosperity of local residents and businesses by supporting local and regional farmers. It provides toxic-free products contributing to a healthy society by renouncing plastic completely. It protects the environment thereby increasing the growth of the local economy. Since the movement towards sustainable economic practices is inadequate, proactive steps should be taken to adopt innovative practices.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India. 2019. Plastic waste management-Issues, solutions and case studies. Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban). Available at: http://164.100.228: 143:8080/sbm/content/writeread data/SBM%20 Plastic%20Waste%20Book.pdf.
Shin, S.K., et al. 2020. New policy framework with plastic waste control plan for effective plastic waste management. Sustain., 12(15):6049.
Literature cited 2: Haanaes, K. 2016. Why all businesses should embrace sustainability: some top companies are leading the way. International Institute for Management Development, Switzerland.
Van Tulder, R. and F. Fortanier. 2009. Business and sustainable development: From passive involvement to active partnerships. In Doing good or doing better: Development policies in globalizing world (Part III- Beyond the state: New actors in development). Ed Monique Kremer, Peter van Lieshout and Robert Went. Amsterdam University Press, The Hague.
ID: 65690
Title: Removal of Rhodamine 6G using Prosopis spicigera L. Wood Carbon-iron Sulphide Composite
Author: Ramasubbu Dhana Ramalakshmi, Mahalingam Murugan and Vincent Jeyabal
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1425-1436 2022.
Subject: Removal of Rhodamine 6G using Prosopis spicigera L. Wood Carbon-iron Sulphide Composite
Keywords: Adsorption, Kinetics, Mass transfer, Prosopis spicigera L. wood carbon, Rhodamine 6G, Thomas model
Abstract: The present study reports the preparation and usage of Prosopis spicigera L. wood carbon-iron sulphide composite (PsLw carbon-iron sulphide composite) for the effective removal of Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) from aqueous solutions. The characterization of the adsorbent was made by FTIR, SEM, BET and potentiometric methods. The effect of the adsorption of dye was measured in terms of pH, contact time, initial concentration, temperature and in the presence of other ions. The batch and kinetic study were performed at pH=6.0. The maximum adsorption capacity is found to be 33.14 mg/g for an initial concentration of 20 mg/L at pH=6.0. The adsorption isotherm fits Langmuir isotherm and adsorption kinetics follows pseudo-second order model. Thermodynamic studies exhibit the adsorption to be feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Column analysis was evolved with Thomas model.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Robinson, T., et al. 2001. Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative. Bioresour Tech., 77: 247–255.
Yaseen, D.A. and M. Scholz. 2019. Textile dye wastewater characteristics and constituents of synthetic effluents: a critical review. Int. J. Env. Sci. Tech.,16: 1193–1226.
Literature cited 2: Pino, E., et al. 2020. Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous Rhodamine 6G using supported TiO2catalysts. A model for the removal of organic contaminants from aqueous samples. Front. Chem., 8: 365.
Walker, G.M., et al. 2003. Kinetics of a reactive dye adsorption onto dolomitic sorbents. Water Res., 37(9): 2081-2089.
ID: 65689
Title: Hot Aerosol-based Next-Generation Fire Suppression System: A Halon Alternative
Author: Pyar Singh Jassal, Tribhuvan Kumar Pathak, Vandana Sharma, Raj Pal Singh and Rajni Johar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (12) Dec. 22 page 1411-1424 2022.
Subject: Hot Aerosol-based Next-Generation Fire Suppression System: A Halon Alternative
Keywords: Halon alternative, Fire safety, Aerosol, Pyrotechnic, Firefighting, Environment safety, Gas generator, Fire extinguisher
Abstract: In 1987, the Montreal protocol determined halon as ozone-depleting agent and subsequently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned its manufacture. Thus, against the urgent background of this elimination of halons, research and development efforts in pyrotechnically generated hot aerosol as a fire extinguisher resulted as one of the significant halons substitute technology. Unlike conventional fire suppression agents, like halon, water mist, foam and inert gas, pyrogenic aerosol-based suppression agents do not require pressurized gases to drive out the suppression agent and are more efficient than haloalkane extinguishing agents and can extinguish class A, B, C, D and K fires at fire extinguishing concentration (FEC) of 30-200 g/m3. Moreover, the ozone depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP) values of aerosol extinguishing agents are nearly zero. This has provided thrust for research and development units to research aerosol-forming composites for many defence and civilian applications, especially for effective operation in hard to reach areas, such as in aircraft hangar and airfield, ammunition storage, vehicle engine compartment, ship engine room, aircraft engine, electronic equipment bay and wing pods, etc. Here, the application of condensed aerosol-based fire extinguishers and real fire test scenarios conducted by the defence and civilian laboratories of various countries has been reviewed. In addition, some of the limitations and concerns, like thermal hazard, occupational hazard, corrosivity and toxicity associated with these systems have been discussed. Nevertheless, enhancement for a highly efficient, much cleaner and non-corrosive aerosol-based fire extinguishing agent is still desired.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: NFPA Report. 2020. Firefighter injuries-2019. NFPA no. FFI10. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), U.S.A.
Andrzej, W.M. and W. Tsang. 1997. Halon replacements: Technology and science. ACS Symposium series ebooks. Washington DC, U.S.
Literature cited 2: Chen-guang, Z., et al. 2014. Improving strontium nitrate-based aerosol by magnesium powder. Fire Tech., 51(1): 97–107.
Tapscott, R.E., et al. 1998. Halon replacement research-A historical review of technological progress and regulatory decision points. Halon options technical working conference. Albuquerque. Proceedings, pp 17-22.
ID: 65688
Title: Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste in Self Compacting Concrete
Author: Chandan Kumar Gupta, A. K. Sachan and Rakesh Kumar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1400-1408 2022.
Subject: Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste in Self Compacting Concrete
Keywords: Recycled coarse aggregate, Water absorption, Construction and demolition waste, Old mortar, Self compacting concrete, Sulphate attack
Abstract: Recycled coarse aggregate and natural coarse aggregate are two different aggregate, one of aggregate consist of old mortar over it and that is recycled aggregate whereas natural aggregates are fresh. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation using construction and demolition waste, that is recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). The RCA was obtained from IL and FS Environmental Infrastructure and services Ltd., New Delhi. Due to the large construction activity, it requires to find the suitable material to replace natural material for manufacturing concrete. In this investigation influence of different quantity of RCA on self compacting concrete (SCC) in fresh and hardened state was undertaken. The properties obtained from SCC using RCA were compared with SCC having 100% natural coarse aggregate (NCA), that is control concrete. The NCA was replaced with RCA by a quantity of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The fresh characteristic of SCC was investigated using slump flow test, V-funnel test and L-box test. The hardened properties obtained were compressive strength tests after 7, 28, 56 and 90 days of curing and tensile strength after 28 days of curing. It was observed from the result that fresh properties of concrete made with RCA changes slightly upto 40% and considerable changes was noticed above 40% as compared to concrete made with natural coarse aggregate due to high water absorption. In the hardened state results of different strength properties, show that upto 60% replacement level there is slight decrease in strength but above 60% it increases. Main disadvantage noticed from the research work was as increasing the percentage of RCA, water absorption also increases. Durability of SCC using RCA was observed by keeping the sample for water absorption test, alkalinity test and sulphate attack. The water absorption increases with increasing the RCA content.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Santos, S., P.R. de Silva and J. de Brito. 2019. Self-compacting concrete with recycled aggregates- A self-compacting concrete with recycled aggregates- A literature review. J. Build. Eng., 22:349-371. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2019.01.001.
Ibrahim, H. and B.J.A. Araoy. 2017. Mechanical behaviour of recycled self-compacting concrete reinforced with polyproylene fibres. J. Archit. Eng. Tech., 6(2). DOI: 10.4172/2168.9717.1000207.
Literature cited 2: Djelloul, O.K., et al. 2018. Performance of self-compacting concrete made with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates and ground granulated blast-furnance slag. Adv Concr. Constr., 6(2):103-121. DOI: 10.12989/acc.2018.6.2.103.
Kou, S.C. and C.S. Poon. 2009. Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with coarse and fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cem. Concr. Compos., 31(9):622-627. DOI:10.1016/j.cemconcomp. 2009.06.005.
ID: 65687
Title: Assessment of Ground, Pond, River and Canal Water Quality in Some Municipal, Residential, Industrial and Port Areas
Author: Hemanta Meher, P. K. Behera and S. N. Panda
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1392-1399 2022.
Subject: Assessment of Ground, Pond, River and Canal Water Quality in Some Municipal, Residential, Industrial and Port Areas
Keywords: Water, Physico-chemical parameters, Water quality index
Abstract: The characteristics of water, air and soil having physical, chemical and biological changes are undesired changes. So, people around the world are under tremendous threat. Water is highly polluted day by day with different harmful contaminants. This is happening due to man-made activities, like increased human population, use of large amount of fertilizers and industrialization. natural water is contaminated due to leaching of soils, industrial processing, residential waste, municipal waste and weathering of rocks. Various water borne diseases occur in human beings due to use of contaminated drinking water. So, it is necessary that at regular time intervals the quality of drinking water should be checked. The availability of good water quality improves quality of life while prevent disease. So, for testing water quality different physico-chemical parameters were used for the calculation of water quality index.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dasgupta, A. and K. Purohit. 2001. Status of surface and groundwater quality of Mandiakudar. Part 1: physico-chemical parameters. Poll. Res., 20(1): 103-110.
Das, K., et al. 2000. Wastewater treatment of a pharmaceutical manufacturing unit by a batch package activated sludge plant-A case study. J. Internal Emergency Med., 27:255-259.
Literature cited 2: Hasan, S. 2003. Groundwater exploitation and hydrogeological research: A chronology of historical development, J. Current Sci., 2(2):299-304.
Kotaiah, B. and S. Ready. 2003. Groundwater quality of block V, Srisalim right branch cannal command area, Kurnool district, A.P. Indian J. Env. Ecoplan., 7: 43-46.
ID: 65686
Title: Status of Wetlands in Delhi: A Spatial-Temporal Study
Author: Sana Rafi, Umesh Chandra, Mary Tahir, Mohd Zeeshan Alam and Chandra Kant Bhardwaj
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1382-1391 2022.
Subject: Status of Wetlands in Delhi: A Spatial-Temporal Study
Keywords: Wetlands, Recreation, Groundwater recharge, Carbon sequestration, Encroachment
Abstract: Wetlands hold an important part of our environment. Wetlands are submerged or water saturated lands. They are productive life supporting systems, which is of vast socio-economic and ecological importance to human beings, acting as a source of irrigation, recharging groundwater, minimizing flood effects to acting as carbon sequestration. Moreover, wetlands also hold an important part in Indian culture as it is associated with many rituals. However, now wetlands are shrinking, most of them are being encroached on and transformed into other land cover classes. Delhi is also facing a similar situation. Thus, an effort has been made in this paper to study the present status and temporal change in wetland situation in Delhi, India. The presently available wetlands have been demarcated using GIS. While temporal change in wetlands in Delhi has been monitored over a period of 19 years (2000-2019) using satellite images. For that remote sensing and digital image processing techniques including various band rationing were applied. The results have also been validated using accuracy assessment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Frohn, R.C., et al. 2009. Satellite remote sensing of isolated wetlands using object-oriented classification of Landsat-7 data. Wetlands. 29(3):931.
Sarkar, P. and T. Das. 2016. Wetland ecosystem services and its valuation with special reference to India- A review. In Biodiversity and environmental conservation (chapter 5). Ed Krishna Upadhaya. Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp 59-76.
Literature cited 2: Joshi, P. K., H. Rashid and P.S. Roy. 2002. Landscape dynamics in Hokersar wetland, Jammu and Kashmir- An application of geospatial approach. J. Indian Society Remote Sensing. 30(1):1-5.
Shah, J. A., A.K. Pandit and G.M. Shah. 2017. Dynamics of physico-chemical limnology of a shallow wetland in Kashmir Himalaya (India). Sustain. Water Resour. Manage., 3(4):465-477.
ID: 65685
Title: A Residue free green synergistic biopesticide Piper betle extract to supersede pesticide thiram
Author: M.A. Sabitha and A. Syed Mohamed
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1376-1381 2022.
Subject: A Residue free green synergistic biopesticide Piper betle extract to supersede pesticide thiram
Keywords: Thiram, Seed protectant, Fungicide, biopesticide, Piper betle
Abstract: Thiram (tetramethyldithiocarbamate) is used as fungicide and seed protectant in agriculture. It belongs to dithiocarbamate fungicides. The harmful effects of thiram include liver enlargement and dysfunction, degenerative changes, hepatitis and necrosis. Hence an alternative biopesticide to supersede thiram is essential. The Piper betle extract proves to be most economic, cost-effective and leaves no residue. It is easily biodegradable and available. Extract of betel leaves is very effective against pathogenic bacteria. The active component present in this extract is sterol which helps in the rupture of membrane structure of pathogens. The fungal infection occurs due to the hydrophobhicity of the cell surface which contains non-polar amino acids. The leaf extract reduces the hydrophobhicity and results in less adhesion of fungus. In the present study, the sample was subjected to evaluate biological activity of solvent extracts against fungal species, such as Fusarium sp. and Penicillium notatum. The high inhibition for Penicillium notatum and Fusarium solani in ethyl acetate extract proves that it can be used as effective fungicide against these fungi instead of thiram.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Liess, M. and P.C. Von der Ohe. 2005. Analysing effects of pesticides on invertebrate communities in streams. Env. Toxicol. Chem., 24:954-965.
Von der Ohe, P.C., et al. 2009. Toward an integrated assessment of the ecological and chemical status of European river basins. Integrated Env. Assess. Manage., 5:50-61.
Literature cited 2: Jumanah, Farah. 1994. Pesticide policies in developing countries: Do they encourage excessive use? World Bank discussion paper no. 238. World Bank, Washington D.C.
NIOSH. 1986. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Publication. pp 86-113.
ID: 65684
Title: Groundwater Potential Investigation using Vertical Electrical Sounding around Injibara Town for the Supply of Awi University, Injibara, Northwestern Ethiopia
Author: Abraham Mulualem Teshome
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1361-1366 2022.
Subject: Groundwater Potential Investigation using Vertical Electrical Sounding around Injibara Town for the Supply of Awi University, Injibara, Northwestern Ethiopia
Keywords: Groundwater, Groundwater exploration, Geophysical method, Vertical electrical sounding, Aquifer
Abstract: The study area is located in Injibara town in Amhara regional state. The objective of this study was to investigate groundwater potential zones of the area for the supply of Awi University using geophysical methods particularly, vertical electrical sounding. The groundwater potential investigation considered different options based on information interpreted from geological, hydrogeological and geophysical observations as well as previous reports done in the area and data from existing wells in the study area. Hydrogeological site delineation was carried out and then followed by geophysical investigation. Schlumberger array type of electrode configuration was used to delineate the saturation zones. Tarmaber Gussa formation, quaternary vesicular basalt, covers the depth of the aquifer in selected sites. Weathering, fracturing, vesicles, intergranular pore space and contacts between different lithologic units and lineaments are the major conduits and storage of groundwater in the area. The vertical electrical sounding field data were fed to computer programmer IPI2W software. The software plots graphs and gives different resistivity layers with their thickness. Finally, the data was interpreted. Based on the hydrogeological and geophysical investigations, spring source has been proposed as first priority with corresponding groundwater source as second option for Awi University.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abreha, A.G. 2014. Hydrogeochemical and water quality investigation on irrigation and drinking water supplies in the Mekelle region, northern Ethiopia. M.Sc. thesis. University of Twente, The Netherlands.
Lawrence, A., et al. 2000. Groundwater evolution beneath Hat Yai, a rapidly developing city in Thailand. Hydrogeol. J.,8(5):564-575.
Literature cited 2: Sharp Jr, J.M., 1997. Groundwater supply issues in urban and urbanizing areas. Springer Science and Business Media.
Mostafa, R., et al. 2011. Verification of surface-groundwater connectivity in an irrigation canal using geophysical, water balance and stable isotope approaches. Water resour. manage.,25(11):2837
ID: 65683
Title: Model Investigation of Flow Hydraulics over Block Ramps
Author: Vishal Singh Rawat and Thendiyath Roshni
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1361-1366 2022.
Subject: Model Investigation of Flow Hydraulics over Block Ramps
Keywords: Hydraulic modelling, Block ramps, Sediment transport, energy dissipation, Scour depth, friction factor
Abstract: Block ramps uniquely serve as an essential paradigm in riverine management, to encounter deliveries in an ecologically sound manner. It permits safe fish passage, stabilizes stream banks and bed profiles and creates habitat diversity. Model studies of flows over block ramps are quite extensive and are associated with many intricacies. In this paper, experiments were conducted at two flumes with three different model configurations in the hydraulic laboratory of National Institute of Technology, Patna. A comparison of the performance of three different model configurations of flows on the block ramps placed in channels with horizontal beds was studied. Experimental data analysis allowed describing the erosion mechanism occurring in the stilling basin, energy dissipation and friction factor in the interstitial flow over rock ramps. The results of physical testing can be used to assess and predict scour development downstream of block ramps, effective dissipation of energy and its impact on the stability of rock structures.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Whittaker, W. and M. Jaggi. 1996. Block sleepers: Reports- 91. Laboratory for Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology and Glaciology. [In German]
Robinson, K. M., C. E. Rice and K.C. Kadavy. 1998. Design of rock chutes. Transactions American Soc. Agric. Eng.,41(3): 621-626.
Literature cited 2: Rajaratnam, N. 1981. Erosion by plane turbulent jets. J. hydraulic Res.,19(4): 339-358.
Rajaratnam, N. and R. K. Macdougall. 1983. Erosion by plane wall jets with minimum tailwater. J. Hydraulic Eng.,109(7): 1061-1064.
ID: 65682
Title: Assessment of Airport Noise Exposure Around Kempegowda International Airport and Spatial Interpolation using Geographical Information System
Author: H.N. Rajakumara and A. Jayaram
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1353-1360 2022.
Subject: Assessment of Airport Noise Exposure Around Kempegowda International Airport and Spatial Interpolation using Geographical Information System
Keywords: Airport, Aircraft, Noise equivalent levels, Noise measurement, Noise pollution, Noise threshold
Abstract: This study aims to monitor and assess noise levels in and surrounding environment as a result of the operation of Bengaluru’s Kempegowda International Airport and suggest effective mitigation techniques. The level of noise at the location of retrieved results was measured and recorded during the day and night using automated noise monitoring stations located in Saddahalli, Channahalli, Mallenahalli and Reddihalli villages. It signifies that all of the areas occur in excess of a threshold noise level, which is 55 dB(A) for residential zones and 75 dB(A) for airports, according to noise standards. From the study it is observed that over 15,000 aircraft are operating every month and 430 aircraft moving on average in a day. The noise levels of aircraft movements are under the range of 70-75 dB(A) most of the time and some events exceed threshold limit at an average for the month of January. noise recorded at Saddahalli was 66.7 dB(A); Channahalli village was 63.5 dB(A); Mallenahalli village was 64.1 dB(A) and Reddihalli village was 69.8 dB(A). The maximum noise recorded was 69.8 dB(A), which is slightly harmful to human ears and causing disturbances in and around airport (KIA). Airport authority has taken action on avoiding noise pollution due to aircraft movements using latest aircraft technologies and also planning of infrastructure development which results in lesser noise pollution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Horonjeff, R. and F.X. Mckelvey. 1988. Airport planning and design. Erlangga Publisher, Jakarta.
Lord, P. and T. Duncan. 1996. Detailing for acoustics. E. and F.N. Spon, London.
Literature cited 2: Singh, V. and P. Dev. 2010. Environmental impact of noise pollution: A case study in Saharanpur city, western Uttar Pradesh, India. Int. J. Earth Sci. Eng., 3(6):869-874.
ICAO. 2019. Presentation of 2017 air transport statistical results. International Civil Aviation Organization. Available at: World-of-air-transport-in-2017-statistical-result.aspx 2.
ID: 65681
Title: Investigation of Different Types of Human Damage on Vegetation and its Environmental Health Hazards in the Desert Areas of Central Iran
Author: Rouhullah Dehghani, Hamid Kassiri, I. Khodkar, M. Akbari and N. Chaharbaghi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1346-1352 2022.
Subject: Investigation of Different Types of Human Damage on Vegetation and its Environmental Health Hazards in the Desert Areas of Central Iran
Keywords: Human damage, Vegetation, Environmental impact, Desert, Desertification, Iran
Abstract: In desert areas, vegetation plays a central role in protecting the soil and preventing dust and various diseases. Considering the importance of vegetation in environmental protection, human health and prevention of spread of different ocular and respiratory diseases, this study was conducted in Aran va Bidgol County during the 2019–2021 period. In this descriptive study, field surveys were made in spring and autumn seasons from 2019 to 2021 to analyze different types of human damage to vegetation and its environmental health hazards in the studied region. Data analysis was then performed. From southeast to northwest of Aran va Bidgol, different types of human impact on vegetation can be observed: drilling wells, changing landuse to homes and villas, changing vegetation to farms, grazing livestock, establishing tourism centers, smuggling wood, creating landfills and disposing of construction debris. Vegetation has been severely damaged in the studied region. In the absence of vegetation, dust can cause different problems in the eye, nose, pharynx and throat and can intensify the spread of respiratory diseases. People with respiratory and heart diseases are more vulnerable. Therefore, legislators and environmentalists should prohibit any manipulation of the environment in a bid to have healthier environment and prevent the emergence of environmental diseases.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Vali, A., H. Mousavi and M. Zarepour. 2018. Aran vaBidgol assessment of desertification area based on the criteria of vegetation. Desert Ecosyst. Eng. J., 7(19):63-80.
Rad, M., S. Korori and M. Matinizadeh. 2000. Comparison between natural and cultivated forests of Holoxylon sp. with respect to some ecological factors. Iran J. Forest poplar res., 14(1):38-29.
Literature cited 2: Ghorbanian, D. and M. Jafari. 2007. Study of soil and plant characteristics interaction in Salsola rigida in desert lands. Iran J. Range Desert Res., 14(1):1-7.
Ghorbanian, D., et al. 2012. Comparison of cultivation and establishment of different xerophyte species for restoration and enhancement of vegetation in arid lands. Iran J. Range Desert Res., 19(3):443-456.