ID: 66420
Title: Ecological study of Trees diversity and carbon sequestration potential of Rtanpur Forest, Dungarpur Division, Rajasthan
Author: Kuldip Purani and Jitendra S. Patel
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2025
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 151 (6) June. Pg No. 533-539 (2025)
Subject: Ecological study of Trees diversity and carbon sequestration potential of Rtanpur Forest, Dungarpur Division, Rajasthan
Keywords: Biodiversity, Phytosociological, Conservation, Carbon sequestration, Ratanpur Forest.
Abstract: Ecological studies assess the biodiversity status of vegetation. Knowledge of ecological composition, tree species variety, and dominating ecosystem communities serves as a framework for biodiversity conservation management planning and implementation. This study focuses on characterizing the diversity and phytosociological attributes of tree species in surrounding the Ratanpur Forest areas of the Dungarpur division of the Rajasthan state. The research employs a total of 15 stratified random sampling plots laid, and a total of 30 tree species belonging to 22 genera and 27 families have been recorded. The study revealed that the total density of tree species was 1090.13 individuals/ha. In the whole Ratanpur Forest area. The estimated carbon sequestration of these tree species has been calculated using a non-destructive method. Among these 30 tree species, 90.31 tonnes of carbon were stored, with the maximum carbon storage found in Tectona grandis (Sag) (21.78 tonnes of carbon). This detailed understanding of the phytosociological characteristics of the tree species will enable better forest management, conservation efforts, and sustainable utilization of forest resources.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ankit A., Negi S.S., Kthota J.C.,Patel A.N.,Kalubarme M.H.and Garg J.K. (2017). Carbon Sequestration Analysis of dominant tree species using Geo-informatics Technology in Gujarat State (INDIA). International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 4 (2): 7993.
Ashwani Arya (2018). Assessment of Biodiversity in the Ratagata forest block of Dungarpur range, district Dungarpur, Rajasthan. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6 (1): 1910-1915.
Literature cited 2: Barbour M.J, Burk H, Pitts W.D., Gillians F.S. and schwartz M.W. (1999). Terrestrial Plant Ecology, 37 (3): 451-460.
Curtis J.T. (1959). The vegetation of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin.
ID: 66419
Title: Connecting the fragmented forests by opportunity of Vertical dual Land use-III (Analysis along the length of RoW of Transmission Lines)
Author: Vinay Kant Misra
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2025
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 151 (6) June. Pg No. 525-532 (2025)
Subject: Connecting the fragmented forests by opportunity of Vertical dual Land use-III (Analysis along the length of RoW of Transmission Lines)
Keywords: Forest fragmentation, Dwarf species, Dual land use, Propagation technique, Transmission lines, Right of Way (RoW), Bamboo fencing, Van (Sanrakshan evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980
Abstract: Plantation of dwarf species (preferably medicinal plants) in right of way (RoW) of transmission lines is a unique mandatory condition in the projects of forest land diversition for transmission lines under Forest (Conservation) Act.1980; now named as Van (Sankarshan Evam Samvardhan) Adhiniyam, 1980.It provides a unique opportunity of vertical dual land use by differentiating the vertical space above land for different uses. In part-1 and II of the present study, various aspects of the existing practices including safety, species selection, spacing of seedlings, phytoclimatic zones and vegetation types were given based on review of 1080 projects of forest land diversion for transmission lines. Cross-sectional analysis of RoW of transmission lines of different voltage levels was made to find out the available vertical space. The method of calculation of horizontal space (k-value) for relatively tailer (T-value) dwarf plants was also given along with differential height model of plantation. A list of 250 perennial dwarf species of different phytoclimatic zones of India was given along with their distribution, local names, available propagation techniques and palatability/edibility for wildlife. The detailed plan of plantation of dwarf species including lay-out, cost analysis, rate of levy demand and method to calculate levy for future years was also given in part-III of this study, the comparison of various guidelines of MoEF &CC and CEA issued in 2023 is made with those of earlier guidelines/regulations to update the outcomes of study. Views on further amendment of guidelines/regulations to reconsideration of available vertical space for dwarf plants were given to utilize the unused vertical space at safe distance (vertical clearance) in place of distance from maximum sag point.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: CEA (2020). CEA (Measure relating to safety & Electric supply) Regulations, GoI.
CEA 92023), CEA (Measures relating to safety &Electric Supply) Regulations, GoI.
Literature cited 2: Ministry of Power (2020). Guidelines for payment on compensation in regard to Right of Way (RoW)for transmission lines in urban areas. (Issued vide no. 3/4/2016-Trans dt 16.07.2020). Ministry of power, Government of India.
Misra V.K. (2023). Connecting the fragmented forests by the opportunity of vertical dual land use (Plantation of dwarf species, preferably medicinal plants in RoWof transmission lineas compliance of the existing mandatory condition under FC Act, 1980). Ind. For.149(2):235-263
ID: 66418
Title: The seed morphology and evolving effective method for good germination of Couroupita guianensis under nursery conditions.
Author: M.Naga Pratap,R.Srinivas, R.Yesoda Bai and A.K. Naik
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2025
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 151 (6) June. Pg No. 518-528 (2025)
Subject: The seed morphology and evolving effective method for good germination of Couroupita guianensis under nursery conditions.
Keywords: Morphology, Nursery, Coconut husk,Germination percentage
Abstract: The present research attempts to characterize the morphology of seed and evolve effective method to achieve good seed germination percent of Couroupita guianensis under nursery conditions. Experiment was carried out at the nursery of Regional Forest Research Centre, Rajhmundry of AP Forest Department during June to August 2023 with different pre-treatment methods i.e. Normal water, Hot water and Gibberellic acid. A good germination percentage was noticed with pre-treatment of seed with 200 ppm Gibberellic acid for 24 hrs followed by sowing in coconut husk medium under nursery conditions.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ghildiyal S.K. and Sharma C.M. (2005).Effect of seed size and temperature treatments on germination of various seed sources of Pinus wallichiana and Pinus roxburghii from Garhwal Himalaya, Indian Forester, 131 (1): 56-65.
Gomez K.A. and Gomez A.A (1984). Statical procedures for agricultural research, 2nd edn. Willey, New York, p.180.
Literature cited 2: Gousia S.K. Ashok K.K., Vinay K.T. and Naveena L. (2013). Biological activities and medicinal properties of Couroupita guianensis.Int J. Pharm Pharmaceut Sci. Res., 3 (4): 140-143.
Gupta S.K., Pathak P.S. and Debroy R. (1983).Seedling growth of Leucaena laeucocephala, II Effect of seed size. Indian Forester, 5 (3): 10.13
ID: 66417
Title: People's Perception on use and management of Urban Green spaces of Gurugram, India
Author: Subhash Yadav, Sarika, Seema Yadav and Kushagra Rajendra
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2025
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 151 (6) June. Pg No. 511-517 (2025)
Subject: People's Perception on use and management of Urban Green spaces of Gurugram, India
Keywords: Urbanization , Urban green spaces,People perception, Ecosystem services, Willingness to Pay
Abstract: This study examines three urban green spaces in Gururgram: Tau Devital Park, Maharana Pratap Swaran Jayanti Park and Tau Devital Biodiversity Botanical Garden. The study explored the motive and purpose of the visit, user's understanding about ecosystem services given by these spaces, willingness to pay monetary value for the ecosystem services, park upkeep, and management issues which they want the authorities to take cognizance. The results show a higher number of male visitors and young working visitors. The factors that influence park preference are large walking spaces, accessibility and biodiversity. People prefer visiting in groups for health benefits and enjoy pen green spaces. Grass was the most preferred vegetation.66% of respondents acknowledged the provisioning and regulating services provided by urban green spaces. Only 50% were willing to pay for the ecosystem benefits while 37.67% strongly disagreed with the idea. Those who supported the idea supported levying a modest fee for better maintenance and up-keep of the park. Issues faced by visitors involve poor lighting, dog-menace, safety concerns, poorly maintained or lack of basic amenities and presence of anti-social elements. Findings of the study will help authorities to align their efforts towards improving user's experience.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abass K, Appiah D.O and Afriyle K. 92019). Does green space matter? Public knowledge and attitude towards urban greenery in Ghana. Urban Forestry &Urban Greening, 46: 126462.
Atiqul Haq S.M., Islam M.N., Siddhanata A, Ahmed K.J. and Chowdhury. T.A (2021). Public perceptions of urban green spaces: convergences and divergences. Frontiers in Sustainable Cites, 3: 755313.
Literature cited 2: Barchetta L. and Chiodelli F. (2015).The variety of urban green spaces and thier diverse accessibility. Gran Sasso Science Institute.
Chaudhary B.S., Saroha G.P. and Yadav M (2008).Human Induced Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Northern Part of Gurgaon District, Haryana, India: Natural Resources Census Concept. Journal of Human Ecology, 23 (3): 243-252.https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2008.11906077.
ID: 66416
Title: Performance of Melia dubia under different planting densities: effects on growth and carbon sequestration
Author: D. C. Hanumanthappa , V. Bhaskar , B. H. Ganesha , Rajath Kumar and Nagaraju
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 169-174 25 July (2025)
Subject: Performance of Melia dubia under different planting densities: effects on growth and carbon sequestration
Keywords: Carbon sequestration, Melia dubia, soil nutrient status
Abstract: The field experiment to standardise spacing for block
plantation of Melia dubia was initiated during July 2010
at ‘M’ Block, Agroforestry unit, Zonal Agricultural
Research Station, University of Agriculture Sciences,
Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Bengaluru. The experiment was conducted in alfisols having moderate
water holding capacity (10% to 18% at field capacity), with acidic soil pH (5.5), low organic carbon content (0.30%), low in available nitrogen (235 kg ha–1),
medium in available phosphorus (32 kg ha–1) and
medium in available potash (299 kg ha–1). The experiment consisted of six spacing, viz. S1 (24 m × 5 m),
S2 (20 m × 5 m), S3 (16 m × 5 m), S4 (12 m × 5 m), S5
(10 m × 5 m) and S6 (8 m × 5 m) which accommodated
83, 100, 125, 166, 200 and 250 trees per hectare, respectively. These were laid out in strip plot design
and replicated four times. After ten years of planting, the results revealed that there was wide variation in tree height, girth at breast height (GBH) and
canopy spread with different spacings. The tree height
was significantly higher in S1 (14.02 m), followed by
S2 (13.99 m) and S3 (13.04 m). A similar trend was
observed for GBH (125.39, 117.03 and 105.36 cm, respectively), canopy spread N–S (8.89, 8.61 and 8.27 m,
respectively) and E–W direction (8.35, 8.17 and 7.86 m,
respectively). Variation in tree biomass accumulation was also found. The maximum total biomass was
recorded with the spacing of S4 (91.74 tonne ha–1), followed by S6 (81.44 tonne ha–1) and S5 (79.85 tonne ha–1).
The higher above-ground biomass of M. dubia in S1
is due to wider canopy spread and vigorous growth.
Similarly, higher tree carbon was sequestered with
the spacing of S4 (157.81 tonne ha–1), followed by S6
(140.10 tonne ha–1). The least carbon was sequestered
with S3 (124.94 tonne ha–1). Apart from it also enhanced
nutrient content in the soil, viz. soil organic carbon
(0.69%), Available nitrogen (295.0 kg ha–1), Phosphorus
(29.72 kg ha–1) and potassium (298.0 kg ha–1). There is
an improvement in soil pH (6.65) compared to the initial status. Finally, it can be concluded that M. dubia
planting at a wider spacing of 24 m × 5 m will be effective with respect to tree height, GBH and canopy
spread after ten years of planting. But the spacing of 12 m × 5 m helped in enhancing the soil health
and sequestering 157 tonnes of carbon per hectare.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IPCC, Climate Change, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, Scientific Assessment Report, 1999, p. 6.
IPCC, Climate Change, The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, Scientific Assessment Report, 2019, p. 10.
Literature cited 2: Canadell, J. G., Kirschbaum, M. U. F., Kurz, W. A., Sanz, M. J., Schlamadinger, B. and Yamagata, Y., Factoring out natural and indirect human effects on terrestrial carbon sources and sinks. Environ. Sci. Policy, 2007, 10(1), 370–384.
Chaturvedi, A. N. and Khanna, L. S., Forest Mensuration, International
Book Distributors, Dehradun, India, 1984, p. 96.
ID: 66415
Title: How do urban trees vary across India? a comparative analysis across ten Indian cities
Author: Satyajit Oraon, Prachi Gupta and Jayanti Ray-Mukherjee
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 158-168 25 July (2025)
Subject: How do urban trees vary across India? a comparative analysis across ten Indian cities
Keywords: City trees, flowering season, fruiting season, Sorenson’s index, urban tree pollinators.
Abstract: The present study was conducted to examine the variation in dominant tree species richness, composition,
green cover per capita, tree-species traits, and ecosystem services to understand the similarity in urban
tree distribution across 10 Indian cities. We compiled a list of 226 dominant tree species across all
10 cities. The cities showed a maximum similarity
in urban tree flora of 56% (Sorenson’s index), the
lowest being 19%. All cities displayed the dominance of faster-growing species. We emphasise that
a good mix of native vs exotic and diversity of traits
would make the urban landscapes more resilient and
resistant under unpredictable climatic conditions.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lahoti, S., Lahoti, A. and Saito, O., Benchmark assessment of recreational public urban green space provisions: a case of typical urbanizing Indian City, Nagpur. Urban For. Urban Green., 2019, 44, 126424.
Govindarajulu, D., Urban green space planning for climate adaptation
in Indian cities. Urban Clim., 2014, 10, 35–41.
Literature cited 2: Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., de Vries, S. and
Spreeuwenberg, P., Green space, urbanity, and health: how strong is
the relation? J. Epidemiol. Community Health, 2006, 60, 587–592.
Camacho-Cervantes, M., Schondube, J. E., Castillo, A. and
MacGregor-Fors, I., How do people perceive urban trees? assessing
likes and dislikes in relation to the trees of a city. Urban Ecosyst.,
2014, 17, 761–773
ID: 66414
Title: Understanding chlorophyll dynamics in aquatic ecosystems in Bay of Bengal
Author: Hari Warrior and P. V. Nagaman
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 151-157 25 July (2025)
Subject: Understanding chlorophyll dynamics in aquatic ecosystems in Bay of Bengal
Keywords: Chlorophyll dynamics, dynamical system, fixed point.
Abstract: The present article explores the dynamics of chlorophyll concentration in aquatic ecosystems of the Bay
of Bengal, emphasising its critical role in supporting phytoplankton populations and, consequently, the
health of marine environments. The study presents a
chlorophyll dynamics model governed by a differential equation that incorporates intrinsic growth rates,
carrying capacity and loss processes. A significant
finding is the identification of a stable fixed point at
C = 1 mg/m3
, which represents a threshold concentration for chlorophyll. At this concentration, the system is poised for maximum fish catch, as it indicates
optimal conditions for zooplankton grazing, which
in turn supports higher trophic levels. Understanding this relationship is also vital for effective ecosystem management and predicting algal blooms, thereby
contributing to sustainable fisheries and aquaculture
practices. The implications of these findings underscore
the importance of monitoring chlorophyll dynamics to
maintain ecological balance and optimise fishery yields.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Huisman, J., van Oostveen, P. and Weissing, F. J., Critical depth and
critical light: two different mechanisms for the development of phytoplankton blooms. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2004, 49(4), 1008–1018.
Monod, J., The growth of bacterial cultures. Annu. Rev. Microbiol.,
1949, 3, 371–394
Literature cited 2: Fasham, M. J. R., Ducklow, H. W. and McKelvie, S., A nitrogen-based
model of plankton dynamics in the oceanic mixed layer. J. Marine
Res., 1990, 48, 591–639.
Paerl, H. W. and Otten, T. G., Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic waters: controls and ecological impacts. Environ. Microbiol.,
2021, 23(3), 1630–1640.
ID: 66413
Title: Alterations in 3D vectorcardiographic loop length in acute myocardial infarction patients: a quantitative study
Author: Tania Ghosal , Imran Ahmed , Soham Mukhopadhyay , Damodar Prasad Goswami , Anupam Bandyopadhyay and Arnab Sengupta
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 146-150 25 July (2025)
Subject: Alterations in 3D vectorcardiographic loop length in acute myocardial infarction patients: a quantitative study
Keywords: Myocardial infarction, QRS loop length, sling length, spatial distance, vectorcardiogram.
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases, especially acute myocardial
infarction (AMI), are major global health concerns.
The present study focuses on the QRS loop of the
three-dimensional vectorcardiogram (VCG), a key
indicator of ventricular electrical activities. By
comparing healthy individuals and AMI patients,
we found a notable decrease in QRS loop length
among those with AMI measured using Euclidean
point-to-point distances. This shortening suggests
a clustering of vectors due to myocardial necrosis
and disrupted electrical conduction. The findings
emphasise the diagnostic value of QRS-based VCG
analysis, offering insights into cardiac electrophysiology and highlighting its promise for early detection
and predicting the prognosis of myocardial infarction.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Thygesen, K., Alpert, J. S., Jaffe, A. S., Chaitman, B. R., Bax, J. J.,
Morrow, D. A. and White, H. D., Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2018, 72(18), 2231–2264;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1038.
Macfarlane, P. W., Renaissance in electrocardiography. Lancet,
1999, 353(9162), 1377–1379; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-
6736(98)00406-1.
Literature cited 2: Chou, T.-C., When is the vectorcardiogram superior to the scalar
electrocardiogram? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 1986, 8(4), 791–799;
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80419-3.
Macfarlane, P. W. and Lawrie, T. D. V., The normal electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram. In Comprehensive Electrocardiology
(eds. Macfarlane, P. W. et al.), Springer London, London, 2010; pp.
483–546; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-046-3_13.
ID: 66412
Title: Risk to resilience: analysing barriers to cyclone vulnerability in coastal Odisha
Author: Subhakanta Mohapatra, Anil Kumar Gupta , Uma Shankar Singh and Rakesh Ranjan Thakur
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 139-145 25 July (2025)
Subject: Risk to resilience: analysing barriers to cyclone vulnerability in coastal Odisha
Keywords: Adaptation, cyclone, resilience, risk, vulnerability.
Abstract: Odisha state is situated in eastern India and has a 480
km long coastline. The coastal belt is one of the most
cyclone-vulnerable regions in India. It consists of 22
community development blocks spread across six districts. Nearly one-third of the state’s total population lives in this region. Between 1891 and 2021, the
state has been hit by 110 cyclones. Therefore, there
is a need for a detailed assessment at the micro-level
to identify cyclone vulnerability and risk. Such an assessment would help not only in planning for enhancing resilience to cyclone disasters but also in devising
better strategies and adaptive measures. The major
objectives of the study are (i) to identify the vulnerability and risk factors that need to be addressed at
the community and household levels and (ii) to assess
the status of socio-ecological resilience to cyclone vulnerability. Data for the present study were collected
from primary as well as secondary sources. Two hundred and six sample households were selected from
the cyclone-affected areas by using a stratified random
sampling technique. Major factors that made rural
households more vulnerable to cyclones were the severity of cyclone damage, income constraints, lack of banking awareness, absence of a market for selling products
and loans and migration-driven labour scarcity. These
findings would contribute to the understanding of the
vulnerability of both space and society in coastal Odisha
and thereby suggest strengthening measures to create
cyclone resilience.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: OSDMA, State Disaster Management Plan - 2019, Odisha State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar,
2019.
Mishra, M., Pattnaik, N., Kumar, M., Bhallav, D. and Mishra,
S. K., Analyzing trend of tropical cyclone activity along
Odisha coast, India. Prog. Disaster Sci., 2020, 100092;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100092.
Literature cited 2: OSDMA, State Disaster Management Plan - 2023, Odisha State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar,
2023.
Sharma, U. and Patwardhan, A., An empirical approach to assessing
generic adaptive capacity to tropical cyclone risk in coastal districts of
India. Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Change, 2008, 13, 819-831.
ID: 66411
Title: Ensuring long-term caprock integrity in carbon capture, utilisation and storage: a comprehensive review of geo-mechanical and monitoring approaches
Author: Mohd Sadiq, Ravi Sharma, Beer Singh Bisht and Manisha Chaudhary
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 129-138 25 July (2025)
Subject: Ensuring long-term caprock integrity in carbon capture, utilisation and storage: a comprehensive review of geo-mechanical and monitoring approaches
Keywords: Climate change, carbon capture utilisation and storage, caprock integrity, environmental impact, geomechanics.
Abstract: Caprock integrity is essential for the successful implementation of carbon capture utilisation and storage
(CCUS) technologies, which are pivotal for reducing
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and mitigating climate change. The present study examines the
role of caprock in preventing CO2 leakage, methods for
assessing and ensuring its integrity and the techniques
for monitoring its long-term stability. Caprock, typically composed of low-permeability materials such as
shale and/or anhydrite, acts as a barrier to prevent the
upward migration of CO2 from the underlying storage
reservoirs. The effectiveness of caprock in preventing
the leakage is determined by its physical and mechanical properties, including high porosity, low permeability, high mechanical strength and geochemical stability.
Case studies from projects like Sleipner and In Salah
demonstrate that effective caprock can secure CO2 for
extended periods without significant leakage.
Different methods are employed to ensure caprock
integrity. They include laboratory testing, field experiments and geo-mechanical modelling. Core sampling
and laboratory tests provide the data on caprock
properties, whereas in situ stress tests and hydraulic
fracturing experiments offer insights into the stress distribution and mechanical behaviour of the caprock formations. Numerical models coupled with fluid flow and
mechanical deformation simulations predict the impact
of CO2 injection on caprock stability. Risk assessment
and mitigation strategies, such as optimising injection
pressures and using chemical sealants, are essential for
reinforcing the caprock integrity.
The long-term stability of caprock is critical to the
sustainability of CCUS projects. Geochemical models simulate CO2–brine–rock interactions, assessing
the impact of geochemical reactions on caprock properties. Advanced monitoring technologies, including
seismic surveys, interferometric synthetic aperture
radar (InSAR) and fibre optic sensors, provide realtime data on the mechanical and chemical behaviour
of caprock. Integrated monitoring programmes from
projects like Weyburn-Midale and Otway highlight the importance of comprehensive monitoring and adaptive
management strategies.
Future research should prioritise the development
of advanced models that incorporate complex
geo-mechanical and geochemical interactions and
enhance real-time monitoring technologies. Policy
development should emphasise comprehensive
risk assessments, continuous monitoring and
international collaboration to ensure the safety
and effectiveness of CCUS projects globally.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . IPCC, Global warming of 1.5°C. An Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change Special Report (eds Masson-Delmotte, V. et al.),
World Meteorological Organization, United Nations Environment Programme, 2018; https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/.
Esparza, J., Geomechanical monitoring at CO2 storage sites with distributed fiber optic strain sensing: insights from laboratory and field
experiments. In European Geosciences Union Conference, Vienna,
Austria, 2023; doi: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-1507.
Literature cited 2: Alvarez, A. J., Modeling caprock failure during injection
in a CO2 capture and storage project using a compositional/geochemical/geomechanical coupled numerical simulation. In
SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, 14–15 June 2023, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 2023;
doi:10.2118/213135-ms.
Shen, X., Liu, H., Lyu, X., You, L. and Zhang, W., CO2 dissolution
trapping in depleted gas reservoirs with residual-gas mixtures and bottom water. In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference, 84th EAGE
Annual Conference and Exhibition, 5–8 June 2023, Vienna, Austria,
2023; doi: 10.2118/214431-ms.
ID: 66410
Title: Marine litter assessment using remote sensing techniques – a review
Author: Kharatmole Gayathrri, Sisir Kumar Dash, Tune Usha , Palanisamy Thanabalan , Kandasami Nimalan , Thangavelu Mayamanikandan , Pravakar Mishra and Mallavarapu Venkata Ramana Murthy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 118-128 25 July (2025)
Subject: Marine litter assessment using remote sensing techniques – a review
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, drone, marine litter, remote sensing, satellites.
Abstract: Marine litter, resulting from mismanaged waste
disposed of in aquatic environments, is a widespread
issue in marine pollution, posing significant environmental threats. Recent advancements in remote sensing technology are pivotal in marine litter studies,
enabling large-scale detection and monitoring, which
are reviewed in this article. Satellites equipped with
infrared sensors aid in detecting marine litter, and the
versatility of drones in gathering data on marine litter is
a viable approach for quantifying litter. Furthermore,
integrating remote sensing and GIS with AI technologies enhances the accuracy and efficiency of marine
litter classification, supporting decision-makers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M.,
Andrady, A. and Law, K. L., Plastic waste inputs from land into the
ocean. Science, 2015, 347(6223), 768–771.
GESAMP, G., Guidelines for the monitoring and assessment of plastic
litter in the ocean. GESAMP Reports Studies, 2019, No. 99, pp. 130.
Literature cited 2: Derraik, J. G., The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: a review. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 2002, 44(9), 842–852.
Rochman, C. M., Tahir, A., Williams, S. L., Baxa, D. V., Lam, R.,
Miller, J. T. and Teh, S. J., Anthropogenic debris in seafood: plastic
debris and fibers from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption. Sci. Rep., 2015, 5(1)
ID: 66409
Title: Flax: a valuable economic crop with a boon of natural products for human welfare
Author: Alok Kumar Panda, Shatabisha Bhattacharjee, Subhojit Datta and Dipnarayan Saha
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 111-117 25 July (2025)
Subject: Flax: a valuable economic crop with a boon of natural products for human welfare
Keywords: Flax, bast fibre, commercial crop, linen, linseed
Abstract: Flax, or linseed, is a plant morphotype that produces commercially important linen fibre and oil respectively. The
domestication history of flax is understood from the documents of various ancient civilisations. Flax cultivation eventually
spread across the globe over time based on its selective products. Flaxseed and oils are recognised for their healthenhancing attributes owing to elevated contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid and lignans.
Among its other diverse uses, flax fibre is significant in the textile industry. Research on flax is advancing in the areas of
molecular genetics and breeding, genomics, and cutting-edge genetic engineering techniques, including genome editing.
The breakthroughs in research and increased awareness of its natural products and health benefits may contribute to the
economic development of farmers and the nation
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Millam, S. O., Bohus, O. and Anna, P., Plant cell and biotechnology
studies in Linum usitatissimum - a review. Plant Cell Tissue Organ
Cult., 2005, 82, 93-103.
Hall, C., Tulbek, M. C. and Xu, Y., Flaxseed, In Advances in Food and
Nutrition Research, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2006, vol 51, pp. 1-97.
Literature cited 2: Cloutier. S., Linseed. In Reference Module in Food Science, Elsevier,
Amsterdam, 2016, pp. 1-6.
Nowak, W. and Jeziorek, M. The role of flaxseed in improving human
health. Healthcare, 2023, 11, 395.
ID: 66408
Title: Invasion of small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray 1867) in India: an emerging threat to bee health and beekeeping
Author: Sourabh Maheshwari
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 108-110 25 July (2025)
Subject: Invasion of small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray 1867) in India: an emerging threat to bee health and beekeeping
Keywords: None
Abstract: Beekeeping in India is a cornerstone
agro-based enterprise, intricately
linked to rural livelihoods, pollination, biodiversity conservation and
national food security. With over
12.26 lakh honeybee colonies and
nearly 10,000 registered beekeepers,
the country produces 1.25 lakh metric tonnes (MT) per year of honey
annually1
. India stands as the world’s
top honey-producing nation, exporting approximately 70,000 MT and
generating INR 900–1,000 crore annually in foreign revenue2
. The domestic beekeeping market is valued
at INR 28,794.4 million in 2024 and
is projected to grow at a compound
annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.71%,
reaching INR 68,183.0 million by
2033 (ref. 3). However, this promising trajectory now faces a formidable
threat. The recent invasion of small
hive beetle (SHB) (Aethina tumida,
Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) poses a perilous risk to India’s beekeeping landscape. This pest emerged globally
as a devastating predator, parasite
and scavenger of honey bee colonies.
In India’s climate, SHB’s aggressive
feeding habits – consuming everything from pollen and brood to honey
and wax – can lead to rapid colony
collapse, contamination of hive products, and large-scale economic losses.
Its presence marks a looming crisis not just for honey production
but for pollination services vital to
Indian agriculture and ecosystem
stability.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hazarika, P., An economic analysis on production and marketing of honey in Assam.
Ph.D. thesis, Assam Agricultural University,
Jorhat, India, 2023.
Antony, S., Linkage and value chain analysis of food processing industry: a special
reference to fruit processing industry in Kerala. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Economics,
University of Calicut, Dr. John Matthai Centre, Aranatukara, Thrissur, India, 2023
Literature cited 2: IMARC Group, India honey market:
industry trends, share, size, growth, opportunity and forecast 2024–2032, International Market Analysis Research
and Consulting Group, Noida, 2024;
https://www.imarcgroup.com/india-honeybeekeeping-apiculture-market (accessed on
1 June 2025).
Dasgupta, J., J. Environ. Sociobiol., 2024,
21(2), 49–52
ID: 66407
Title: A multi-species foraging aggregation of Delphinids in Western Indian waters
Author: R. Ratheesh Kumar, U. Utthamapandian, K. R. Aju
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 107-107 25 July (2025)
Subject: A multi-species foraging aggregation of Delphinids in Western Indian waters
Keywords: None
Abstract: Animals generally tend to form
heterospecific associations for two
functional advantages: more effective
foraging and predator avoidance.
Such interactions have been observed
in different phyletic groups and between closely and distantly related
species. The nature of such polyspecific aggregations is often dynamic,
in which there may or may not be
direct and coordinated behavioural
interactions. Although the definition
for mixed groups is broad, it is appropriate to consider such an association as occurring among the species
of the same group. Thus, aggregations of distantly related species tend
to be facilitated by concentrated resources while mixed groups of related
species might occur irrespective of
prey concentration1
. In the marine
realm, multispecific aggregations and
interactions are known to occur especially between the marine mammals,
fishes and seabirds as part of foraging.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Stensland, E., Angerbjörn, A. and Berggren,
P., Mamm. Rev., 2003, 33, 205–223.
Bacon, C. E., Smultea, M. A., Fertl, D., Wursig, B., Burgess, E. A. and Hawks-Johnson,
S., Aquat. Mamm., 2017, 43(2), 177–184.
Literature cited 2: Syme, J., Kiszka, J. J. and Parra, G. J., Front.
Mar. Sci., 2021, 8, 678173.
Norris, K. S. and Dohl, T. P., Fish. Bull.,
1980, 77, 821–849.
ID: 66406
Title: Air pollution impact on neurocognitive development
Author: H. Paramesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2025
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 129 (2) 105-106 25 July (2025)
Subject: Air pollution impact on neurocognitive development
Keywords: None
Abstract: Neurocognitive development is a mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thinking, perception, sensory experience and also effective
response.
The preschool years are the years of blossoming
in the brain. In the first year of life, a million neuronal connections are made per second. The synaptic density reaches its peak during the third year of
life. Hence, the 1000 days after birth are the most
important for neurocognitive development. The neurocognitive phenotype always co-exists with any developmental motor abnormality.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2: