ID: 65963
Title: Attribution in substance abuse and dependence: does it matter?
Author: Vasudha Singh and Geeta Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 278-279 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Attribution in substance abuse and dependence: does it matter?
Keywords: None
Abstract: Drug use disorders are associated with
significant levels of disease (morbidity)
and disability. They also constitute a burden on national resources and cause immeasurable human suffering. The impact
of the burden is immense and manifold.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO)1
, 5.4% of the world’s overall
illness burden is attributed to alcohol and
illegal substance use. Approximately twelve
million users inject drugs, and an estimated
1.3 million suffer from both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C.
Management of this immense burden is a
herculean task. It includes, in addition to
pharmacotherapy, a host of psychosocial
interventions which are effective in preventing relapse and rehabilitation of individuals
with substance dependence. To mention a
few, they are motivational interviewing,
cognitive behavioural therapy and relapse
prevention treatment2
. But whatever the
management approach, attribution plays a
vital role in understanding substance dependence from varied perspectives. It has been
established that factors related to attribution
impact rates of substance use, as well as the
effectiveness and outcomes of treatment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: WHO, Global Health Observatory (GHO)
data, resources for the prevention and
treatment of substance use disorders; www.
who.int/gho/substance_abuse/en/ (accessed
on 13 January 2024).
Smedslund, et al., Motivational interviewing for substance abuse, The Cochrane Library, 11 May 2011
Literature cited 2: Fiorentine, R. and Hillhouse, M. P., Subst.
Use Misuse, 2000, 35, 367–397.
Kingree, J. B., Sullivan, B. F. and Thompson, M. P., J. Psychoact. Drugs, 1999,
31(2), 129–135.
ID: 65962
Title: Time to move to higher gears for better disaster management
Author: K. Lenin Babu and K. B. Ramappa
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 275-277 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Time to move to higher gears for better disaster management
Keywords: None
Abstract: Since the 2005 National Disaster Management Act, India has improved disaster management, notably reducing
deaths through early warning systems. However, economic losses from disasters are rising. Shifting to impact based forecasting could enhance responses by predicting specific impacts, like flooded areas, enabling targeted
actions and better disaster management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Changnon, S. A., Pielke Jr, R. A., Changnon,
D., Sylves, R. T. and Pulwarty, R., Bull. Am.
Meteorol. Soc., 2000, 81(3), 437–442.
WMO, WMO guidelines on multi-hazard
impact-based forecast and warning services.
WMODoc, 1150, 2015, p. 34.
Literature cited 2: EM-DAT, CRED/UCLouvain, Brussels,
Belgium, 2024; www.emdat.be (accessed
on 12 April 2024)
ID: 65961
Title: Indiscriminate pesticide use for fishing in the River Ganga raises alarm
Author: Ajoy Saha, Archisman Ray, Vikas Kumar, Kausik Mondal and Basanta Kumar Das
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 273-275 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Indiscriminate pesticide use for fishing in the River Ganga raises alarm
Keywords: None
Abstract: The usage of synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in harvesting crustaceans and their impact on vast open water systems
have been studied less. Here, we briefly review the rampant use of pesticides targeting lucrative giant freshwater
prawn Macrobrachium spp. in the lower stretch of the River Ganga in West Bengal, India. This is practised
primarily by illegal fishers, releasing commercially available liquid pesticides into the river water. Fish caught
by applying such toxic chemicals can be dangerous for human consumption. In addition, the irreversible adverse
impacts of this illegal fishing on aquatic ecosystems warrant stringent action plans by the government and environmental agencies to protect the aquatic flora and fauna
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Dulal, H. M.; https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/635-
509/সুন্দরবনের-গহিনে-অবাধে-বিষ-প্রয়োগে-
মাছ-শিকার (accessed on 14 March 2023).
2. Betts, J. T., Mendoza Espinoza, J. F., Dans,
A. J., Jordan, C. A., Mayer, J. L. and Urquhart, G. R., Sustainability, 2020, 12(23),
10152.
Literature cited 2: . Kumar, V., Multi-class pesticide analytical
method standardization their monitoring and
risk assessment in fish. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan
Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur,
West Bengal, 2022.
Ganguly, S., Adhikari, A., Sadhukhan, D.,
Raut, S. S., Kumar, V. S., Nag, S. K. and Das,
B. K., Sci. Total Environ., 2023, 901, 165958
ID: 65960
Title: National conference on antimicrobial resistance held in Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Author: Rajendra Dobhal, Bindu Dey and Pawan Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 271-272 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: National conference on antimicrobial resistance held in Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Keywords: None
Abstract: A National Conference on ‘Antimicrobial
resistance: research priorities and action
plan’ was held at the Swami Rama Himalayan University (SRHU), Dehradun (Uttarakhand). The University is known for its
three decades old Medical College, Hospital and Nursing School, all set up after the
1991 Uttarkashi earthquake.
Vishwa Mohan Katoch (formerly DGICMR and presently at DHR) inaugurating
the conference, provided a fresh perspective on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as
a major health challenge from the viewpoint of the ‘One Health’ concept. He
pointed out that drug resistance was now
rotating between humans, animals, soil and
water, thereby encompassing the entire environment. Despite the existence of a
Global Action Plan and a National Action
Plan on AMR, only three Indian states
have worked towards evolving their own
State Action Plans.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65959
Title: Hydrology in the Anthropocene: the Indian context
Author: Rajiv Sinha, Sharad K. Jain
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 263-264 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Hydrology in the Anthropocene: the Indian context
Keywords: None
Abstract: The term ‘Anthropocene’ was formally coined by Paul
Crutzen (Max Plank Institute for Chemistry, Mainze, Germany) in 2000 to denote the geological era in which humans
have exerted a major influence on natural systems. While
there is no consensus on the time frame of the Anthropocene,
two commonly discussed dates for Anthropocene are
~1750 CE and ~1950 CE (the era of great acceleration in
technology). It is an uncontested fact that the Earth’s environment and climate have been significantly altered by
human-induced changes for a long time attributed to multiple events, e.g. domestication of plants and animals (11.7 ka),
agricultural practices and deforestation (10–5 ka) and
Anthropogenic soils (2 ka). However, the magnitude and
extent of human-induced changes in recent times is unprecedented. In 2009, a group led by Johan Rockstrom (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Germany)
advanced the concept of ‘safe operating space for humanity’
and suggested that if the changes in nine identified environmental indicators (climate change) exceed ‘safe limits’,
there may be irreversible changes in the Earth’s environment. More recent work of the operating space (doi:10.
1125/sciadv.adh2458) suggest that all except three boundaries (stratospheric ozone depletion, atmospheric aerosol
loading and ocean acidification) have been violated.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65958
Title: India needs a better gully erosion map
Author: Anindya Majhi and Pritha Bhattacharjee
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 240-243 25 July (2024)
Subject: India needs a better gully erosion map
Keywords: Badlands, gully erosion, gully systems, land degradation
Abstract: Gully erosion affects India widely. Badlands, the most
extreme form of land degradation caused by gullying,
are also observed across large parts of Central and
Western India. Akin to other environmental issues, accurate maps are critical in planning and implementing
land management measures to address gully erosion.
While country-wide gully erosion maps are rare commodities, India is probably the only country having several
datasets including such maps. Gullies and badlands
have been mapped as part of nationwide geomorphological, land degradation and wastelands mapping endeavours. However, upon examination of said maps using
high-resolution imagery on Google Earth, it was found
that they are largely imprecise, with each having false
positive rates (gully erosion mapped where it is not
present) of greater than 70%. It is suspected that the
coarse spatial resolution of the satellite images used
(LISS-III 23.5 m) is the root cause of such low accuracy,
but feature misinterpretation by the analysts might also
have contributed to it. As such, there is little to no reliable information on the magnitude of the gully erosion
problem in India. Therefore, a bespoke high-resolution
gully erosion map is of the essence in India’s drive to
realize land degradation neutrality by 2030
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Wells, N. A., Gully. In Encyclopedia of Geomorphology (ed.
Goudie, A.), Routledge, London, 2004, pp. 503–506.
Castillo, C. and Gómez, J. A., A century of gully erosion research:
urgency, complexity and study approaches. Earth Sci. Rev., 2016,
160, 300–319
Literature cited 2: Poesen, J., Soil erosion in the anthropocene: research needs. Earth
Surf. Proc. Landf., 2018. 43(1), 64–84.
Majhi, A., Gully erosion: an underestimated hazard? J. Geol. Soc.
India, 2022, 98(7), 1010–1011
ID: 65957
Title: Bengaluru groundwater fluctuations reflected in crustal deformation
Author: Joshi K. Catherine, Shubham Rajewar, Akarsh Asoka, Kalpna Gahalaut and Vineet Gahalaut
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 238-239 25 July (2024)
Subject: Bengaluru groundwater fluctuations reflected in crustal deformation
Keywords: Crustal deformation, GPS, groundwater, rainfall
Abstract: The water crisis in Bengaluru is mainly due to a large
deficit in rainfall during 2023. Less precipitation led to
less recharge and subsurface storage. The recharge or
subsurface loading causes elastic deformation of the
crust, namely subsidence during monsoon and its recovery afterward. Such deformation can be measured
using continuous GPS measurements. We see an excellent
correspondence between the trends of Bengaluru rainfall over the past two decades and the vertical surface
deformation derived from the continuous GPS measurements at the IISc site. Decreased precipitation in
2023 led to less annual subsidence than in the earlier
four years when the rainfall increased in subsequent
years from 2019 to 2022, increasing subsidence every
year following the monsoon. The rainfall pattern in
Hyderabad was similar to that in Bengaluru, but in
terms of the magnitude of rainfall and corresponding
crustal subsidence, which was estimated from the GPS
measurements at the HYDE site, it was less pronounced.
These two examples demonstrate the influence of the
hydrological process on the crustal deformation process.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Bürgmann, R., Chanard, K. and Fu, Y., Climate- and weather-driven
solid-earth deformation and seismicity. In GNSS Monitoring of the
Terrestrial Environment, Elsevier, EarthArXiv preprints, X5SH5M,
2023; https://doi.org/10.31223/X5SH5M.
Chanard, K., Avouac, J. P., Ramillien, G. and Genrich, J., Modeling
deformation induced by seasonal variations of continental water in
the Himalaya region: sensitivity to Earth elastic structure. J. Geophys. Res., 2014, 119, 5097–5113.
Literature cited 2: Gahalaut, V. K. et al., InSAR and GPS measurements of crustal deformation due to seasonal loading of Tehri reservoir in Garhwal Himalaya, India. Geophys. J. Int., 2017, 209, 425–433; doi:10.1093/gji/
ggx015.
Wang, H. F., Theory of Linear Poro-elasticity with Applications to
Geomechanics and Hydrogeology, Princeton University Press,
Princeton, 2001, p. 304; https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400885688
ID: 65956
Title: Infrared thermal profiling and management of diseases affecting the biological cycle of Antheraea assamensis silkworm
Author: Manasee Choudhury and Pranab Jyoti Das
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 232-237 25 July (2024)
Subject: Infrared thermal profiling and management of diseases affecting the biological cycle of Antheraea assamensis silkworm
Keywords: Decision support system, health status, infrared thermal imaging, muga silkworm, non-invasive
Abstract: The present study has been designed to establish the
thermal profile of complete life cycle of the Antheraea
assamensis (muga) silkworms starting from the eggs to
the moth. The current study also concurrently addresses
the applicability of infrared thermography (IRT) to detect muga larvae infected with pebrine. Because of its
non-contact advantage, IRT imaging can be successfully
manoeuvred to reduce the risk of spreading infections
and ultimately lead to increased silk production. The
images and data obtained by the non-invasive IRT
technology can be implemented, analysed and translated
into deep learning algorithm-based machine learning
called ‘smart data’, which can be fine-tuned to develop
an artificial intelligence (AI) and decision support system (DSS) for the management and monitoring of
silkworms in their entire life progression. Hence, this
will boost their productivity, which will further revolutionize their yearly production and convey attractive
revenues in the global silk picturesque.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Cossins, A., In Temperature Biology of Animals, Springer Science
and Business Media, Berlin, 2012, pp. 1–22.
Soerensen, D. D. and Pedersen, L. J., Infrared skin temperature
measurements for monitoring health in pigs: a review. Acta Vet.
Scand., 2015, 57, 1–11.
Literature cited 2: Knížková, I., Kunc, P., Gürdil, G. A. K., Pinar, Y. and Selvi, K. C.,
Applications of infrared thermography in animal production. J.
Fac. Agric., 2007, 22, 329–336.
Heinrich, B., Social thermoregulation. In The Hot-Blooded Insects,
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1993, pp. 447–509
ID: 65955
Title: Land-surface temperature dynamics in the fringes of north Bhubaneswar, India: an empirical analysis
Author: Priyanka Mishra , Damodar Jena, Nimay Chandra Giri , R. R. Thakur and Debendra Nath Dash
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 222-231 25 July (2024)
Subject: Land-surface temperature dynamics in the fringes of north Bhubaneswar, India: an empirical analysis
Keywords: Geo-spatial technology, land-surface temperature, remote sensing, urban fringe, urban heat is
Abstract: The urban fringes are experiencing a significant surge
in surface temperature during the transition from rural
to urban, inducing imperceptible disturbances. The
present study analyses the temperature modulations
from 2000 to 2022 in Kalarahanga and Raghunathpurjali fringes in North Bhubaneswar to understand
the relationship between spatiotemporal changes and
land-surface temperature in the fringes. The investigations reveal a consistent decrease in the area under
water bodies and crops, with an increase in the built-up area. Besides, there exists an inverse correlation
between the area under high and medium temperature
with the area under cropland (–0.820) and the area under water bodies (–0.799), and a positive correlation
coefficient (0.813) with the built-up area/impervious
surfaces. This insists on eco-sensitive planning of the
urban fringes with consistent monitoring of land use
and thermal dynamics for apt control of the changes in
the urban microclimate.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: McDonald, R. I., Güneralp, B., Huang, C. W., Seto, K. C. and You,
M., Conservation priorities to protect vertebrate endemics from
global urban expansion. Biol. Conserv., 2018, 224, 290–299.
2. Rehman, S., Ullah, S., Azim, F. and Khan, H. U. R., Impact of financial development, energy consumption and urbanization on CO2
emissions from buildings using quantile ARDL model. J. Infrast.,
Policy Dev., 2023, 7(3), 2166.
Literature cited 2: McGrane, S. J., Impacts of urbanisation on hydrological and water
quality dynamics, and urban water management: a review. Hydrol.
Sci. J., 2016, 61, 2295–2311.
Pal, S. and Ziaul, S., Detection of land use and land cover change
and land surface temperature in English Bazar urban centre. Egyptian J. Remote Sensing Space Sci., 2017, 20, 125–
ID: 65954
Title: Nutrient intake disparities among public distribution system beneficiaries in the Bundelkhand region
Author: Surjya Kanta Roy , Satyapriya, Venu Lenin , Sitaram Bishnoi , Girish Kumar Jha , Pramod Kumar , Sujay B. Kademani , P. N. Fatheen Abrar and Amandeep Ranjan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 214-221 25 July (2024)
Subject: Nutrient intake disparities among public distribution system beneficiaries in the Bundelkhand region
Keywords: Calorie intake, household dietary diversity, nutrient gap, public distribution system, under-nutrition.
Abstract: There is a consistent association between dietary diversity, both in terms of quantity and pattern of food consumption, and inadequate growth, development and
long-term health outcomes. A total of 16 villages in the
Bundelkhand region were chosen to evaluate calorie
and nutrition intake using a 24-hour recall time. Caloric
and nutrient intake in Chitrakoot district deviated
from the recommended dietary allowance, with insufficient dietary diversity. This deficiency, excluding protein and phosphorus consumption, adversely affected the
under-nutrition status among beneficiaries of the public
distribution system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition, 2004, vol. 2, pp. 17–299.
Ruel, M. T., Is dietary diversity an indicator of food security or dietary quality? A review of measurement issues and research needs.
Food Nutr. Bull., 2003, 24(2), 231–232.
Literature cited 2: Gupta, S., Sunder, N. and Pingali, P. L., Market access, production
diversity, and diet diversity: evidence from India. Food Nutr. Bull.,
2020, 41(2), 167–185.
Pinstrup‐Andersen, P., Agricultural research and policy for better
health and nutrition in developing countries: a food systems approach. Agric. Econ
ID: 65953
Title: Water quality monitoring and water quality index of the Tuikual River in the vicinity of Aizawl city, Mizoram
Author: Lalnunthari Ngente and B. P. Mishra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 208-213 25 July (2024)
Subject: Water quality monitoring and water quality index of the Tuikual River in the vicinity of Aizawl city, Mizoram
Keywords: Biomedical effluents, contaminants, parameters, statistical analysis, water quality in
Abstract: The Tuikual River is a major source of potable water
for the people of Aizawl city in the state of Mizoram.
Domestic and municipal waste from Aizawl’s western
suburbs and biomedical effluents from the Civil and
Ebenezer Hospitals are getting discharged into it. Agricultural run-off adds to the river’s pollution. Here we
examine the water quality of the Tuikual River over
two years (October 2019 to September 2021) at four
sampling stations selected along the river course both
upstream and downstream of the city. The water quality
index was computed as 287, 310, 162 and 135 at sites 1,
2, 3 and 4 respectively. The findings depict that the
river water at all the sites is unfit for drinking because
the weighted arithmetic water quality index exceeds
100 at all the stations
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Prasanna, M. B. and Ranjan, P. C., Physico chemical properties of
water collected from Dhamra estuary. Int. J. Environ. Sci., 2010,
1(3), 334–342.
Tahera, A. et al., Water quality index for measuring drinking water
quality in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. J. Health Popul.
Nutr., 2016, 35(4), 1–12.
Literature cited 2: Singh, P. K. and Singh, A. K., Water quality assessment of river
Gomati at Jaunpur (UP) India. Int. J. Pharma. Biol. Sci., 2014, 5(4),
B520–B526.
APHA, Standards methods for the examination of water and
wastewater, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC,
USA, 2012, 22nd edn
ID: 65952
Title: Estimating the urban expansion and heterogeneity of a metropolitan region: a case of Kolkata metropolitan area
Author: Tanmay Mondal and Preeti Onkar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 202-207 25 July (2024)
Subject: Estimating the urban expansion and heterogeneity of a metropolitan region: a case of Kolkata metropolitan area
Keywords: Built-up index, impervious surface area, spatial metrics, urban expansion, urban sprawl.
Abstract: Urban planners study development patterns along with
the rate and type of urban expansion to formulate policies and schemes for planned and integrated future development of the cities. This study aimed to explore the
dynamics of urban sprawl in the metropolitan region
of Kolkata by using Gini–Simpson’s diversity index. It
was used on the generated decadal maps to understand
the degree of spatial concentration or dispersion of the
built areas. It revealed that the urban sprawl was increasing in the outskirts of the Kolkata metropolitan
area (KMA) with gradual dispersion and increased
heterogeneity. A better understanding of the spatial
and temporal dynamics of the city’s growth, provided
by this study, forms the basis for better planning and
effective spatial organization of urban activities for the
future development of KMA.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Hersperger, A. M., Grădinaru, S. R. and Siedentop, S., Towards a
better understanding of land conversion at the urban–rural interface: planning intentions and the effectiveness of growth management. J. Land Use Sci., 2020, 15, 644–651.
Sarif, M. O. and Gupta, R. D., Comparative evaluation between
Shannon’s entropy and spatial metrics in exploring the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban morphology: a case study of Prayagraj
City, India (1988–2018). Spat. Inf. Res., 2021, 29, 961–979.
Literature cited 2: Kumar, P., Kumar, P. and Garg, R. K., A study on farmers’ satisfaction and happiness after the land sale for urban expansion in
India. Land Use Policy, 2021, 109, 105603.
Kukkonen, M. O., Muhammad, M. J., Käyhkö, N. and Luoto, M.,
Urban expansion in Zanzibar City, Tanzania: analyzing quantity,
spatial patterns and effects of alternative planning approaches.
Land Use Policy, 2018, 71, 554–565.
ID: 65951
Title: Comparison of phytochemical composition and anti-hyperglycemic activity of Liubao tea from different fermentation years
Author: Huiqin Wang, Beibei Li, Yizheng Sun and Shixiang Li
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 194-201 25 July (2024)
Subject: Comparison of phytochemical composition and anti-hyperglycemic activity of Liubao tea from different fermentation years
Keywords: Anti-hyperglycemic activity, enzyme inhibition, Liubao tea, phytochemical composition, PI3K-Akt pathway
Abstract: Using response surface methodologies, two Liubao tea
(LBT) extracts, LBT-5 and LBT-7, were optimized for
different fermentation durations. Phytochemical composition analysis assessed the chemical composition
and distribution of tea pigments. Their inhibitory effects
on glucose-metabolic enzymes were analysed. Furthermore, an insulin-resistant (IR) cell model was constructed to study their regulation of glucose metabolism
and underlying mechanism. LBT-7, aged longer, exhibited higher polyphenols and pigments. Assessments
on glucose-metabolic enzymes and IR regulation confirmed LBT’s capability to enhance glucose consumption, modulate cytokines and activate the IRS-PI3KAkt-GLUT4 pathway. Notably, LBT-7 demonstrated a
stronger effect due to its higher tea pigment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Samanta, S., Potential bioactive components and health promotional
benefits of tea (Camellia sinensis). J. Am. Nutr. Assoc., 2022, 41,
65–93.
Pan, H., Le, M., He, C., Yang, C. S. and Ling, T., Dark tea: a popular beverage with possible medicinal application. Chin. Herb. Med.,
2023, 15, 33–36.
Literature cited 2: Zhu, J., Yu, C., Zhou, H., Wei, X. and Wang, Y., Comparative
evaluation for phytochemical composition and regulation of blood
glucose, hepatic oxidative stress and insulin resistance in mice and
HepG2 models of four typical chinese dark teas. J. Sci. Food
Agric., 2021, 101, 6563–6577.
Pan, Y., Long, X., Yi, R. and Zhao, X., Polyphenols in Liubao tea
can prevent CCl₄-induced hepatic damage in mice through its antioxidant capacities. Nutrients, 2
ID: 65950
Title: Formal banks, semi-formal SHGs or informal moneylenders, who is better? a study of borrower credit preference in India
Author: Padmavathi Koride and L. Ganesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 182-193 25 July (2024)
Subject: Formal banks, semi-formal SHGs or informal moneylenders, who is better? a study of borrower credit preference in India
Keywords: Agency theory, banks, moneylenders, preference, self-help groups
Abstract: The present study explores the factors driving borrowers’
preference for formal banks, self-help groups (SHGs)
and moneylenders. The study is based on a systematic
survey of 839 rural borrowers from southern India,
sampled from four districts with varied levels of credit
access (surplus, constrained and moderate credit). The
data was analysed using multinomial logistic regression in SPSS. Results show how banks and moneylenders
exclude borrowers based on relative wealth and gender.
SHGs service women borrowers but are preferred
more by wealthier borrowers, highlighting intragroup
inequalities. Yet, the three lenders service a variety of
purposes, justifying their demand in the market. The
study enhances understanding of rural borrowers’ constraints concerning various credit sources. The implications of this study are as follows: one is identifying
the lacunae in the formal banking system, which policy
amendments could address. Two, the study recommends an investigation of intragroup inequalities within SHGs. Third, the study underscores the demand for
multiple players in the rural credit markets and their
contribution to the borrower’s credit needs
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumar, S. M. and Venkatachalam, R., Caste and credit: a woeful
tale? J. Develop. Stud., 2019, 55(8), 1816–1833.
Singh, R., Credit constraints and rural migration: evidence from six
villages in Uttar Pradesh. Migration Lett., 2018, 15(3), 389–399.
Literature cited 2: Lal, T., Impact of financial inclusion on poverty alleviation through
cooperative banks. Int. J. Soc. Econ., 2018, 45(5), 808–828.
Charron‐Chénier, R., Predatory inclusion in consumer credit: explaining black and white disparities in payday loan use. In Sociological Forum, 2020, vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 370–392
ID: 65949
Title: Virtual reality, augmented reality and its potential use case in space engineering
Author: Jai G. Singla, and Kshitija Suresh Shirke
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (2) 175-181 25 July (2024)
Subject: Virtual reality, augmented reality and its potential use case in space engineering
Keywords: Augmented reality, engineering 3D models, mixed reality toolkit, virtual reality.
Abstract: The present article explores the potential and usefulness of
virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies in space engineering. VR is a realistic, interactive
3D computer-created world that you can explore as if you
really are there. In this work, we explored VR technology
usage in space borne systems and engineering. Usually,
designers use native mechanical design software like
CATIA and CREO to design and analyse various systems
and subsystems. System designers must also analyse
system interfaces, intricacies, and alignments from all
angles in an interactive and immersive fashion to foresee and avoid potential issues. Therefore, an in-house
virtual reality solution is developed to understand a
complex engineering sub-system/system; its assembly,
dis-assembly; sectional views and perform 360-degree
analysis of system/sub-systems by direct interaction in
a virtual environment. This technical paper also explores
the use of AR technology for various users to understand
intricate engineering models and assist the crew members remotely, even in case of unavailability of proper
communication. The AR application is equipped with
interactive simulations and demonstrations, enabling
engineers to manipulate and investigate 3D models in a
mixed-reality environment. Application is designed in
a generalized way to take any complex engineering
model as an input. The contribution of this work to the
field of space technology lies in its innovative approach
and in-house developments to visualize and interact with
complex models through VR and AR-based solutions.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: https://www.vive.com
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Literature cited 2: https://microsoft.com/
Wan, W., Yang, Z., Du, X. and Zhao, X., Space make the virtual a
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earth observation satellite data. In IEEE 7th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR), Foshan, China, 2021, pp. 279–285;
doi:10.1109/ICVR51878.2021.9483848