Enter records

ID: 50422
Title: The problem of hardness in groundwater in Alwar city
Author: Jaya Gupta and M P S Chandrawat
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2007
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 6, Number 1, Marchr 2007, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, scum
Abstract: Hardness is an important water quality parameter especially when water is used for drinking purpose. Hardness of water is attributed to the presence of alkaline earth cations like calcium, magnesium, strontium, and barium. Other cations- aluminium, iron, manganese and hydrogen ions - together with dissolved polyvalent metallic ions also contribute to the hardness of water (Raju 1995). Drinking water has been classified as soft or hard on the basis of milligrams of calcium carbonate equivalent per litre. Although hardness is caused by cations, it may be discussed in terms of carbonate (temporary) and non-carbonate (permanent) hardness. Carbonate hardness is removed or precipitated by boiling and is responsible for the deposition of scales in hot water pipes nad kettles (Jain and Jain 1990). The principal sources of hardness in water are dissolved metallic ions from sedimentary rocks, seepage, industrial waste water, and run-off from soils. According to one thought the water containing excess hardness is not suitable for drinking purpose as the intake of hard water can produce health problems like urolithosis, cardiovascular disorders, kidney problems, anencephaly, and cancer. Water with hardness level above 200 mg/litre may cause scale deposition (encrustation) in the distribution systems, boilers, water heaters, and cooking utensils particularly on heating. Hardness is the traditional measure of the capacity of water to react with soap. Hard water increases soap consumption and susequent ' scum ' formation. In areas with very hard water household pipes can become choked with deposited scales (WHO 1996). Hard water can thus be both a nuisance and economic burden to the consumer.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50421
Title: Developments in the oil and gas sector
Author: None
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2007
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 6, Number 3, September 2007, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, Integrated energy policy systems
Abstract: Year 2006 is a momentous year for the oil and gas sector in India. The year started with launching of NELP VI and CBM III Licensing Rounds in February. The Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas saw a change at its helm from Mr Mani Shankar Aiyar to Mr Murli Deora. The much-awaited Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, 2006 was enacted in April. Also, India embarked on the Integrated Energy Policy. More specifically, committees to look into alternative pricing systems for petroleum products, pricing of natural gas, and so on, submitted their reports. The Indian oil and gas companies went on investment binge for assets abroad and a few major oil and gas discoveries were made during the period.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50420
Title: An overview of fuel-efficient road transportation in India
Author: None
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2007
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 6, Number 4, December 2007, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: Fossil fuels, transport sector
Abstract: India is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels. However, more than 75% of the country ' s crude oil requirement is met through imports. The transport sector consumes 40% of energy and a substantial portion of diesel supplies. The importance of energy use and emissions in the transport sector has grown substantially in recent decades. In India, energy demand in the transport sector grows at an average rate of 2.9% a year; it is likely to grow from 1.4 quadrillion BTU (British thermal unit) in 2003 to 2.1 quadrillion BTU in 2015 and 3.0 quadrillion BTU in 2030. Of the total energy consumed in the transport sector, only 1.5% is being met through electricity, and the remaining 98.5% is met being met through electricity, and the remaining 98.5% is met through petroleum products. The use of alternative fuels in the transport sector remains relatively modest. As the transport sector consumed 37% of the petroleum products as compared to other sectors in the country, demand management measures should primarily be directed at this sector. Also, petroleum resources are finite and , therefore, search for alternative fuels is continuing all over the world. Since dependability on fossil-fuel-based transport system is becoming uncertain, it is essential to evolve a suitable energy policy to facilitate energy-efficient transportation sytems and new energy avenues. A number of policies and programmes have been introduced during the year 2006/07 for the development transport sector.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50419
Title: Vermicomposting: a boon to waste management
Author: Dr. Suman Singh, Ms Puja Mathur and Ms Meeta Mathur
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2008
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 7, Number 1, March 2008, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: Organic wastes, Inorganic wastes, landfill, incineration, vermicomposting
Abstract: The population of earth is increasing day-by-day and simultaneously the demand for food, clothing, and shelter is also increasing. New industries are being set up to fulfil needs of the people. Thus, these growth indicators of population, industrialization and urbanization are polluting teh environment. An increasing population and diminishing land area have also created problems of day-to-day garbage disposal. The problem of environment management is becoming a matter of great concern not only in India, but all over the world. Increasing population, industrialization and urbanization have resulted in acute environmental problems. Improper handling or neglect of waste affects the environment and health of living beings, whereas its appropriate management ensures conservation of environment and better health of living beings. Our ecological balance is being disturbed mainly because of two types of wastes. (i) Industrial waste which is generally inorganic and is usually being disposed in big rivers or sea. (ii) Organic waste generated from kitchen, fruits and vegetables, market, farm and aquatic plants waste from lakes and water bodies, and so on. Waste management comprises the sum total of all measures for the avoidance and minimizations as well as the controlled and environmentally acceptable disposal of waste of all types, that is, domestic waste as well as commercial and industrial waste. The waste management methods that are normally used for management of organic and inorganic wastes are landfilling, incineration, and composting. The landfill and incineration methods are common for treating municipal solid waste as well as industrial waste. This paper focuses on composting technique for treating the waste. Amongst all the waste management methods, composting is one of the safe and clean methods, which van be applied at house hold level, farm level, and on community basis for recycling of organic waste into plant nutrient supply system. Vermicomposting is improved method of composting which harnesses the potential of earthworms as natural bio-reactors is conjunction with micro-organisms to process waste organic matter into good quality compost.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50418
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2008
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 7, Number 2, June 2008, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50417
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: P. K. Bhattacharya
Year: 2008
Publisher: TIDEE, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, Volume 7, Number 3, September 2008, Dr. R. K. Pachauri, New Delhi
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Energy and Environment
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50416
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 6, JUNE 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50415
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 7, JULY 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50414
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 8, AUGUST 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50413
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 9, SEPTEMBER 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50412
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 10, OCTOBER 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50411
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 11, NOVEMBER 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50410
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2008
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 134, No 12, DECEMBER 2008, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50409
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: DR. V. R. R. SINGH, I F S
Year: 2009
Publisher: THE INDIAN FORESTER, Volume 135, No 1,JANUARY 2009, R. P. Singh, I F S
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: FORESTRY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 50408
Title: None
Author: None
Editor: Dr. Himanshu Joshi
Year: 2007
Publisher: HYDROLOGY JOURNAL Volume 30, Number 1-2, July-December 2007,Indian Association og Hydrologist(IAH), R. K. Printers & Publishers, Roorkee
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: HYDROLOGY
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None