ID: 50722
Title: Effect of Salinity on Biomass Production and Protein Biosynthesis in a Spirulina Species Isolated from a Brackish Water Marsh
Author: K.H.Ogbonda, G.O.Abu and E.R. Aminigo
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.2, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: spirulina, salinity, Biomass, Protein, Biosynthesis
Abstract: The effect of NaCl concentration (0.5-2.5%) on biomass production and protein biosynthesis in Spirulina sp. isolated from an oil-polluted brackish water marsh was investigated. Biomass production and protein biosynthesis were fovoured at slightly different salinity levels. The optimum salinity for biomass production by this cyanobacterium was 1.0% and growth reduced gradually thereafter. Biomass production was reduced by 44.4% and 11.1% at salinity levels of 0.5% and 1.5%, respectively. The salilnity range that favoured protein biosynthesis was 1.5-2.5%. Protein and amino acid contents were highest at a salinity of 2.0% and were reduced by 17% and 24%, respectively, at 1.0% salinity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50721
Title: Toxic Effects of Dichlorovos on the Mortality of Catfish (Clarias batrachus)
Author: Syed Ashraf Siddique, Md. Kawser Ahmed and Miah Muhammed Abdul Quddus
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.2, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Toxic effects of organophosphate, catfish, Clarias batrachus,Pesticide
Abstract: Toxic effects of organophosphate pesticide (nogos) on catfish Clarias batrachus and its translocation and residual accumulation in a pesticide administrated rice-fish ecosystem under laboratory condition was investigated. Toxic effects of organophosphate pesticide (Nogos) on catfish Clarias batrachus, was investigated. Highest level of radioactivity was 1.2mg/g and 0.95mg/g and 0.85mg/g in intestine, gills and liver respectively. Mortality trail showed that nogos concentration of 0.595 ppm showed LC100 to the fish while lower concentrations of 0.085 ppm did not induce any mortality. Highest level of radioactivity was 1.2mg/g and 0.95mg/g and 0.85mg/g in intesting ,gills and liver respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50720
Title: Ethno-Veterinary Herbal Practice in Kalakote Range,Rajouri (J&K), India
Author: Jagbir Singh Jamwal and Shashi Kant
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Kalakote range, Medicinal plants, Herbal practice, Ethno-veterinary, Traditional medicines
Abstract: The present survey gives an account of the medicinal plants curing the diseases of ruminants. The study area is a rich repository of economically important plants. Twenty one species have been found to be useful veterinary herbal medicines for various disease of animals in the area. There is an urgent need to document and monitor the area for more such species and it became imperative to find some conservation stratergies and management practices to save this useful bio-resource of the area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50719
Title: Determination of Heavy Metals from Bauhinia variegata Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Technique
Author: Nikita K.Bhandarkar, M.B. Kekare, Parikshit Champanerkar and Vikas V. Vaidya
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Heavy metals, Bauhinia variegata, Herval medicine, Inductively coupled plasma, phytoremediation, Metalloenzymes
Abstract: Many mineral elements occur in animal and plant tissues in very minute quantities, which earlier were unable to be measured precisely by analytical methods then available. Modern analytical technique like inductively coupled plasma has the ability to measure almost all the trace elements in smallest of biological samples with great precision and accuracy. There is also a need for heavy metal analysis to be an integral part of the standardization of herbal medicine. Bauhinia variegata has been used against various ailments of which leucoderma, leprosy and asthma are few to name.Five common heavy metals As,Cr,Mg,Pb and Zn were analysed by inductively coupled plasma in whole plant powder of Bauhinia variegata and magnesium was found to have the highest concentration.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50718
Title: Impact of Sugar Factory Wastewater on Chlorophyll Content, Carbohydrate and Biomass Production of Triticum aestivum Var.Malvia-212
Author: G.C.Yadav and S.R.Yadav
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Sugar factory waste, Triticum aestivum,chlorophyll, carbohydrate content, Heavy metals, Magnesium uptake
Abstract: Total and individual chlorophylls, a and b, total water soluble carbohydrates and dry weight of Triticum aestivum Var.Malvia-212 were determined following the treatment with different concentrations of the sugar factory wastewater. Concentration effluents showed marked effect and reduced these contents significantly which may be attributed to the reduced number of leaves and leaf area. The reduced growth and biomass are result of high concentration of soluble salts and heavy metals present therein, which possibly interfere with the absorption of water and minerals.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50717
Title: Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil of Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagaon, Assam
Author: Sanjeeb Kumar Nath and S.K.Sarma
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Wildlife sanctuary, Biotic interferences, floodwater, soil texture, overgrazing, deforestation, acidification of soil
Abstract: The study deals with analysis of Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary of Assam to understand the phsico-chemical properties. The soil is mainly alluvial in nature. The texture varies from sandy and loamy sandy to clay loam. The removal of finer soil particles from the soil surface during rainy season might have contributed to sandy or sandy loam nature and accumulation of finer soil particles and deposition of clay during flood have resulted in clayey loam nature of soil in different parts of the sanctuary. The soil is acidic in nature with soil pH varying from 4.36-6.86. Logging and grazing have direct effect on physical and chemical conditions of soil, nutrient content and decomposition rate of litter. Organic carbon varies from 0.09-3.24% and the difference may be attributed to recurrent floods and addition of plant litter and animal remains. In general, different chemical properties of the soil show variations to a great extent. The variation in the chemical content in different parts of the sanctuary may be due to periodic flood, siltation and excessive biotic interferences.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50716
Title: A Preliminary Report on the Physico-chemical Nature of Water Pollution in and Around Erode Town,Tamil Nadu
Author: G.Shyamala, K.P.Shivanand and S.Suresh Babu
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: water pollution,Domestic sewage, Industrial effluents, River Cauvery
Abstract: The pollutant samples were collected from the drains of 11 stations each at the banks of River Cauvery and Kalingarayan canal to analyse physico-chemical characteristics. The data clearly revealed the pollution pattern and magnitude of pollutant load in the study area. The quality of pollutants and possible suggestions to minimize the pollution hazards have been discussed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50715
Title: Potability Studies of Drinking Water in Village of Aundha, Hingoli District, Maharashtra, India
Author: R.G.Pawale, P.N. Wavde and S.N.Kalyankar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drinking water, Groundwater, Methaemoglobinaemia, Fluorosis, Iron, Nitrate
Abstract: Iron is an essential trace metal, required as a constituent of oxygen carrying and oxidative-reductive micro-molecules such as haemoglobin, myoglobin and cytochrome. Amongst various components, iron is an important trace metal required for all biological systems. Owing to the universal presence of fluoride in earth ' s crust, all waters contain fluoride in varying concentrations. Flouride is an element of high biological activity and has a tendency to accumulate in organisms, making detrimental effects in very low and high levels of exposure. Inorganic nitrogen may exist in the free state as nitrogen gas or as nitrate, nitrite or ammonia. Nitrate represents the highest oxidized form of nitrogen. Many groundwaters have significant quantities of nitrates due to leaching of nitrate with the percolating water. Iron, flouride and nitrate concentration along with temperature and colour, in the drinking water from some villages of Aundha taluka of Hingoli District were studied monthly during January to June 2005. The samples were analysed with standard methods and observed results were compared with prescribed limits set by WHO and ICMR.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50714
Title: Effect of Different Sites and Dates of Sample Collection on Nitrogen Content in Chlorophytum tuberosum Leaves and Tubes
Author: Sanjay Thakur and Avinash Tiwari
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Medicinal plants, Natural medicines, Non-timber forest produce, Chlorophytum tuberosum, Nitrogen content, Saponin
Abstract: World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that at least 80% of the world population rely on traditional systems of medicine for their primary health needs. These systems are largely plant based. The Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal under its conservation assessment and management plan (CAMP) studied status of some selected species of non-timber forest produce (NTFP) of Madhya Pradesh. Researches on amla (Emblica officinale), safed masli (Chlorophytum tuberosum) and chirongi (Bachanania lanzan) have led to a change in State Government policy. An effort was made to study the effect of different sites and dates of sample collection on nitrogen content in Chlorophytum tuberosum at Mandu. The percentage nitrogen content in the leaves at the time of final sampling was maximum at natural site S1 (1.42 percent). The interaction between site and date in the percentage nitrogen content of tubers was statistically significant.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50713
Title: Present Status of Holothurians (Echinodermata) in Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar-A Case Study
Author: C. Raghunathan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Holothurians, Sea cucumbers,Sea urchin, Palk bay, Gulf of Mannar, Beche-de-mer
Abstract: Holothurians are commercially important echinoderms, included under Schedule-I category of Wildlife Protection Act 1972. The present status of their density,biomass, diversity, distribution and standing stock has been studied from 18 stations along Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar region. Apart from that the primary and secondary prodictivities of these regions were also estimated. It is revealed that the population of holothurians was drastically reduced especially Holothuria scabra and Holothuria spinifera as they give high-quality Beche-de-mer. Holothuria atra is the only species predominantly found at all the stations of study. This paper also discussed the overexploitation of these resources and possible measures to conserve them.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50712
Title: Quality of Rain Water Harvested at Roof Level and in Some Ponds of Ajmer District, Rajasthan
Author: Rashmi Sharma
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Rain water harvesting, Roof water, Pond water, Bacteriological pollution, Drinking water
Abstract: Rain water samples were collected at roof level at Pushkar and Budha Pushkar during July, 2007. Water samples were also collected from 2 ponds around in Ajmer district. Physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters were analysed. Roof water was found to be pure and free from bacteriological contamination. Pond water is turbid and has high iron content with objectionable bacteriological pollution load. Collection of roof water for drinking purpose was found to be encouraging. Pond water needs treatment before use.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50711
Title: Effect of the Pesticide, Malathion on Non-target Organism, Earthworm Lampito mauritii
Author: P.N. Sudha, D. Manley Backyavathy and K. Sudhakar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Pesticides, Melathion, Earthworm, Lampito mauritii, Non-target organism, Cocoons, Biomarkers
Abstract: Malathion, a pesticide in the organophosphate chemical family is the most commonly used pesticide in our country. Symptoms of exposure to malathion include headache, nausea, vomiting, burning in eyes, difficulty in breathing and lethargy. Earthworms have been used as biomarkers for assessing chemical environmental pollution. Due to their low cost, easy handling, their direct body contact with the soil and ethical issues related to mammalian studies, earthworms were chosen for the present study. Three doses of malathion 150,300 and 600 mg/kg soil were used as treated soil. The effect of application of malathion on the earthworm Lampito mauritii was used for 5, 10, 15 and 30 days exposure by evaluating the body weight, number of cocoons laid and the hatching efficiency of the cocoons. The results showed that there is a direct dose response relationship with respect to both, the concentration and time of application of malathion. The results have been statistically analysed.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50710
Title: Pollutional Potency of the Insecticide, Bayrusil with Respect to Mortality and Behaviour of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)
Author: Vijaya Lakshmi, Md. Noor Alam and Sukant Sadhu
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Agro-chemicals, Bayrusil, Heteropneustes fossilis, Bioassay test, Behavioural responses, LC50
Abstract: The paper deals with the effect of an agro-chemical, Bayrusil on the mortalitiy and behaviour of a catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. It was inferred from the experiment that 38.0 and 41.0 ppm of the insecticide represented LC50 and LC100 doses respectively showing acutely toxic nature of the pesticide. Some remarkable changes were also observed in the fish in pesticidal media, such as thrilling and bending of body, jerky movement, surfacing and gulping air, dashing against the wall of container, frequent jumping, loss of balance, muscular weakness and finally death.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50709
Title: Effective Treatment Methods of COD and TDS from Dyeing Industry Effluent
Author: M. Vasanthy, S.Murugavel and A.Geetha
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Dyeing industry effluent, Treatment methods, Oxidizing agent, Coagulant, Adsorbent, sodium hypochlorite, Activated carbon, Alum
Abstract: Though industries promote economy of the country, the pollution caused by them has to be controlled in order to save the environment from degradation. The present work has been aimed for the removal and reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS) of the dyeing industry effluent using oxidizing and coagulating agents and adsorbent individually and in different combinations. About 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00g of oxidizing agent (sodium hypochlorite), coagulating agent (alum) and adsorbent (commercial activated carbon,CAC) were added separately and in combinations. The COD (92.3%) and TDS (80%) were removed using 0.25g of oxidizing agent within one hour and with 1g of coagulating agent the COD and TDS were removed 98.4% and 90% respectively. For CAC it has been reported that the dosage of 0.75g has resulted in 87.6% and 80% of COD and TDS removal respectively. With the combination of sodium hypochlorite, CAC and alum, the percentage reduction of COD and TDS are 87% and 79% respectively. The statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between reduction and the time.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50708
Title: Removal of Colour from Tannery Dye Wastewater Using Ozone
Author: A.S.S. Sekar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr P.k.Geol
Year: 2008
Publisher: Technoscience Publications,vol 7, No.3, September, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Tannery dye waste, Navitan Bordeaux MB, Ozone treatment, Decolourisation
Abstract: Colour removal of wastewater containing acid dye (Navitan Bordeaux MB) by ozone treatment has been studied in an attempt to abate pollution caused by leather dyeing houses. The Navitan Bordeaux MB dye is commonly used in commercial leather manufacturing. The effluent has been synthetically prepared using water with 100 ppm concentration of dye. Passing ozone in a bubble column reactor containing the dye solution carried out the decolourisation process of the premetallised acid dye. The effect of dye concentration, ozone dose and pH on the rate of decolourisation has been studied. The efficiency of the decolourisation has been evaluated by measuring absorbance of the dye solution.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None