ID: 50812
Title: Binding Capacity of Herbal Toxin Binders in the Improvement of Growth Performance of Breeding Japanese Quails, Coturnix coturnix japonica
Author: R. Kungumapriya, K.Revathi, R.Prabhakaran, C.Balachandran and D.Balasubramaniam
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Mycotoxins, Aflatoxicosis, Azadirachta indica, Cynodon dactylon, Curcuma longa, Japenese quail
Abstract: Mycotoxins play a global role in human and animal health. Aflatoxins cause malperformance, metabolic disorders and pathologic alterations in different species of poultry. Various species of poultry differ in susceptibility to acute and sub - acute aflatoxicosis. This work was carried out to study the role of locally available herbal plant extracts such as Azardirachta indica, Cynodon dactylon and Curcuma longa in counteracting the effects of experimental aflatoxicosis in laying Japanese quail by feeding them with diets containing aflatoxin at 1.5 and 3ppm levels for a period of six weeks.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50811
Title: Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Shrimp (Crago nigricauda) and Periwinkle (Litorina littorea) from Escravos, Rivers Creeks, Delta State, Nigeria
Author: Helen Ataikiru and Okolo
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Heavy metals, river creeks, shrimp, periwinkle,petroleum exploration activities
Abstract: The concentration levels of lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium and copper in the sea snail, periwinkle and shrimps from Escravos river ' s creeks, Delta State, Nigeria were determined in order to assess the impact of petroleum exploration activities. Shell and tissue samples of periwinkle and shrimps were collected. Sample solutions prepared were analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique. The results obtained showed that the tissue of periwinkle contain as much as <0.01 ug/g Pb, 1.26 ug/g, Cr, 0.90 ug/g Ni, 0.08 ug/g Cd and 0.46 ug/g Cu while the shell contain 0.07 ug/g Pb, 0.28 ug/g Cr,0.04 ug/g Ni and 0.06 ug/g Cd and 0.14 ug/g Cu. The levels in the periwinkle tissue reported had an abundance ratio in the order Cr>Ni>Cu>Cd>Pb while the shell had an abundance ratio in the order Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd>Ni. The levels found in the shells of shrimps were 0.03 ug/g Pb, 0.16 ug/g Cr, 0.30 ug/g Ni, 0.07 ug/g Cd and 0.48 ug/g Cu, while the tissue of shrimp contain 0.03 ug/g Pb, 0.04 ug/g Cr, 0.18 ug/g Ni, 0.04 ug/g Cd and 0.41 ug/g Cu. The abundance ratio of the heavy metals in the shrimp shells is in the order Cu>Ni>Cr>Cd>Pb while the tissue had an abundance ratio in the order Cu>Ni>(Cd and Cr)>Pb. The concentrations of cadmium, chromium and nickel were found to be higher in the tissue of periwinkle than that of shrimp while the concentrations of copper, chromium and nickel were found to be higher in the shell of shrimp than the shell of periwinkle samples.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50810
Title: Nutrient Depletion Coupled with high Auxin Concentration Triggers Serk Gene to Induce Somatic Embryo in Plantago ovata in Vitro
Author: Ushri Roy,Urmi Roy, Ananya Paul and Sarmistha Sen Raychaudhuri
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Plantago ovata, Scanning electron microscopy, Somatic embryogenesis,Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase
Abstract: In vitro plant regeneration of Plantago ovata was attempted through somatic embryogenesis. Shoot ,bud and hypocotyl sections when inoculated on MS media supplemented with 2,4 -D/Kinetin formed profuse callus. After 40 days of maintenance in this medium embryogenesis was induced in these calli. The morphology of the embryos was studied following scanning electron microscope to trace the developmental pathways. SEM revealed that the protocol was a quick effective and reproducible method for plant regenration. The callus cells maintained in the same nutrient medium with high auxin for longer duration without subculture triggered somatic embryogenesis. It is conjectured that depletion of nutrients in long term callus culture along with high auxin content might induce expression of genes, which resulted in embryogenesis. Total RNA was extracted and RT- PCR was performed using a Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase specific primer to confirm its expression with the onset of Somatic Embryogenesis.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50809
Title: Age Specific Fluoride Exposure in Drinking Water - A Clinical Multiparametric Study
Author: Shashi, A. and Kumar,M.
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Skeletal fluorosis, Electrolytes, High density lipoprotein, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Glucose
Abstract: Blood samples were collected from 145 subjects including 103 patients of skeletal fluorosis in the age group of 20 - 80 years from Sangrur District of Punjab, India where the concentration flouride in drinking water varies from 2.3 to 22.5 mg/L.The serum was analyzed for cholestrol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose and electrolytes and compared with controls. The results showed elevated levels of sodium and potassium ions, which indicate electrolyte imbalance and impairment of kidney function. Serum potassium level exhibited significant rise in all age groups except 20 - 30 years. The levels of cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein revealed a significant decline, while there was increase in the serum triglyceride levels in the patients of skeletal fluorosis in all age groups. Serum glucose levels decreased in the fluorotic patients in comparison to control indicating hypoglycemic condition.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50808
Title: Studies on Bacteriological Analysis of the Medium and Growth and Survival of the Fresh Water Fish Cirrhina mrigala Treated With Probiotic, Epicin
Author: J. Sudha Priscilla and C.D. Lethi
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Probiotic epicin, Cirrhina mrigala, Bacterial profile, White spot disease
Abstract: The paper deals with the bacterial profile of the medium and the growth and survival rates of the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala, when reared in a medium containing, probiotic epicin. The fish were reared in two different concentrations of epicin (5mg/ml , 10mg/ml) in three stocking densities. Samples from the media were plated to study the bacterial profile on 0 and 28th days. The growth rate and survival rate of the fish were also studied for 28 days.The epicin containing medium showed the growth of white punctiform bacterial colonies whereas control system harboured different types of bacterial colonies. The percentage survival of the fish was more in the treated systems. The fish reared in the control systems were infected with the white spot disease. There was no incidence of disease in the treated systems. A study of the bacterial profile, 28 days after the termination of the experiment revealed the fact that the white punctiform colonies of the treated tanks were slowly replaced by rounded, irregular and filamentous ones.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50807
Title: Biosynthesis of Statins and its Potential Applications
Author: Subhagar Seramani, Aravindan Rajendran and Viruthagiri Thangavelu
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Statins, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), Fermentation
Abstract: Statins (Hypolipidemic Agents ) act as an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy - 3- methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG - CoA) reductase, are the main class of drugs to reduce Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL- C) levels. Statins are the fungal secondary metabolites which selectively inhibit hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the first enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Various fungi have been used to produce different types of statins commercially. This review deals with the structure, biosynthesis of statins, fermentative and synthetic production of statins and application of statins.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50806
Title: Pathology and Clinical Aspect of Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Non - Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Author: Shasid , A. and Kaur, V.
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Toxic goiter, Hashimoto ' s thyroiditis, Riedel ' s thyroiditis, Thyroid adenoma, Neoplastic and metabolic lesions
Abstract: The clinicpathological study was carried out in 105 cases of thyroid disorders coming for the treatment in the OPD ' s of Department of Endocrinology, Government ,Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, India. The age range was from 8 to 68 years with maximum number of cases in the age group 20 -40 years (50.47%). The peak incidence was in the fourth decade of life (27.61%), 78% were females and 22% were males thereby showing female preponderance in thyroid disorders in present study. The metabolic lesions of thyroidism (80.95%) predominated in the studied population followed by non-neoplastic (16.19%) and neoplastic lesions (2.85%). The pathologies included toxic goiter (4.76%), Hashimoto ' s thyroiditis (2.85%), Riedel ' s thyroiditis (1.90%) and thyroid adenoma (2.85%) in female patients. There was histopathological evidence of scalping of colloid, infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, extensive fibrosis and formation of fibrous capsule, compressed glandular tissue and distorted follicles.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50805
Title: Isolation of a Thermostable Lectin from the Leaves of T.procumbans Linn
Author: A.P.Ramteke and M.B. Patil
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Lectin, Tridax, Galactosidase
Abstract: T.procumbans L, a wild medicinal plant was found to contain galactose specific lectin in leaves. The lectin was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography and was found to have molecular weight of 23 KD. The purified lectin could agglutinate erythrocytes of human blood group ' A ' , ' B ' , ' O ' , rabbit and other animal. The lectin did not require any metal ion for agglutination , however Hg ++ inhibited the agglutination. The agglutination was also inhibited by ?- D- galactose and galactose derivatives. The lectin was found to exihibit ? and ? - galactosidase activities. The lectin was found to be stable at higher temperatures and a wide range of pH.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50804
Title: Characterization of Seed Protein and Peroxidase Activity in some Germplasm of Coffea
Author: Y.L.Ramachandra, S.Padmalatha Rai and P.S.Sujan Ganapathy
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Coffee, Seed protein , Germplasm , Peroxidase
Abstract: In the present study the endosperm protein of the four hybrid materials , i.e., S.288, Ligenioides, Racemusta and HDT were studied by SDS- PAGE. The banding pattern showed variation in Rm value, width and intensity of bands. Futher, unique protein bands were observed in the materials S.288 and HDT.Peroxidase activity indicated high constitutive level of peroxidase activity in HDT. The results indicated its possible utility in identification of resistant plants and characterization of coffee germplasm.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50803
Title: Comparison of Serum Apolipoprotein Levels Between Normal and in Children of Patients of Vascular Complications
Author: Madhavi Gupta, Mukesh Kumar and Ashish K. Asthana
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Apolipoprotein, Vascular complication, Risk Factors
Abstract: The association between apolipoprotein (apo A-I&B) and vascular complication was investigated. Over 230 patients of vascular complication and their off springs ( n= 418) were compared with normal healty subjects ( n=100) and their children (n=122) Serum apo AI and apo - B were significantly low (p<0.05 and 0.001) and high (p<0.01 & 0.001) respectively in children of either Mother/ Father having vascular complication and children of parents both having vascular complication with children of normal healthy subjects. On comparing children of both groups with each other serum apo-Al and apo B was significantly low (p<0.001) and high (p<0.001) respectively in children of parents both having vascular complication of group A (below age 40 years). It is suggested that disease is more likely to transfer in children of parents both having vascular complication of below age 40 years. Implication of this study is that increase of apo A-1 might play protective role in the pathogenesis of vascular complication.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50802
Title: Antibacterial Activity of Punica granatum Linn. Fruit Rind Extracts and Fractions on Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Author: S.Rajan, S.Balakumar and T. Thirunalasundari
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Enteropathogens, Escherichia coli, Punica granatum , Fruit rind, Antibacterial activity, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Abstract: Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum fruit rind extracts and fractions were studied on Enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. Disc diffusion method (Bauer et al., 1966) was adapted to screen antibacterial activity and agar dilution method (NCCLS, 1993) was used to look for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Antibacterial activity was observed in two extracts and various fractions. MIC of the hexane and water fraction were found to be 50 ?g/ml concentration and methanol, chloroform and benzene fractions were at 100 ?g/ml . Aqueous extracts taken with ethyl alcohol and water showed MIC at 200 ?g/ml concentrations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50801
Title: Impact of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganism and Rhizobium on Growth, Nutrition and Microbial Load of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Fertiltized with Rock Phosphate
Author: B.Karunai Selvi and A.David Ravindran
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Vigna unguiculata, Phosphate solubilizers, Rhizobium sp., Rock phosphate
Abstract: Cowpea was inoculated with phosphate solubilizing microorganism and Rhizobium sp. along with rock phosphate in sterilized vermiculite using plastic pots. Plants inoculated with phosphate solubilizing microorganism, Rhizobium sp. with rock phosphate recorded highest seed germination, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, number of nodules and nutrient content as compared to inoculation with either one organism or two organisms. Interaction between host and symbionts also varied with cultivars. From the present study it can be concluded that phosphate solubilizing microorganism and Rhizobium sp along with rock phosphate combination can have important impact on nodulation, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake in cowpea.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50800
Title: Chitinase Production by Solid State Fermentation Using Shrimp Waste
Author: Y.L.Ramachandra, S.Padmalatha Rai, P.S. Sujan Ganapathy, H.V.Sudeep and N.B.Krishnamurthy
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Microbial screening, Shrimp shellfish waste, Chitinase, Solid State Fermentation
Abstract: In the present work we screened 187 acidophylic chitinolytic microbes and made an attempt to produce chitinase by Solid State Fermentation (SSF) using shrimp waste as substrate for 3 different selected microorganisms. It was observed a maximum of 56.8, 34.0 ,17.2 U/g IDS chitinase production by Oerskovia sp, Sporolactobacillus sp 2, Sporolactobacillus sp.1, respectively after 72 hours of incubation in a shrimp waste medium containing 60% moisture content and in an arbitrarily selected conditions of 32 o C. Results of the present study indicate scope for the utilization of shrimp waste as a novel substrate for chitinase production by Solid State Fermentation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50799
Title: Antimicrobial Activity of Certain Aquatic Angiosperms Against some Pathogenic Bacteria
Author: K.Vasu and M.A.Singaracharya
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antimicrobials, Aquatic angiosperms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus
Abstract: Twenty aquatic plants dominant in this region were selected for their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus. Among these plants the flowers of Nymphaea nouchali, Ipomea aquatica and Ludvegia parviflora were effective. The solvents methanol, ethanol were useful in extraction of antimicrobial compounds from the plant materials. The aqueous extracts of the plant were not so effective while petroleum ether failed to extract any antimicrobial compounds from the plants.Aponogeton natans and Sagittaria guayanensis are the aquatic plants without any antimicrobial activity in any solvent extracts.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50798
Title: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Abies webbiana and Taxus baccata L.
Author: Prajna Rai, Rakhee, Kaveramma and Raghavendra Rao .B.
Editor: P.K.Wong, R.K.Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2008
Publisher: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences (AJMBES) Vol.10, No.3, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Taxus baccata, Abies webbiana, Antioxidant property, Reducing capacity, Antimicrobial property
Abstract: The total phenolics content was highest in Abies webbiana (450 mg/100 g) followed by Taxus baccata (400mg/100g). The Abies webbiana showed maximum reducing property (7.6%). Taxus baccata was next best as far as reducing property is concerned (5.3%). Among the extracts of two plant materials tested, Taxus baccata inhibited Staphylococci to a maximum extent (with inhibition zone diameter of 19.5 mm) followed by Abies webbiana (with inhibition zone diameter of 11.5mm). Among the extracts of plant materials tested, Taxus baccata inhibited E.coli to maximum extent (with inhibition zone diameter of 20.5 mm) followed by Abies webbiana (with inhibition zone diameter of 18 mm).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None