ID: 50992
Title: Wood Micro-structural studies of Indian Rutaceae Part III:Tribe Flindersiae
Author: Nisha Bhardwaj and Sangeeta Gupta
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Chloroxylon swietenia, Wood anatomy
Abstract: The present study deals with the detailed wood anatomy of the Indian species of the genus Chloroxylon swietenia DC belonging to the tribe of Flindersioideae of the family Rutaceae. Photomicrographs have been given for the diagnostic features. The wood of this tribe is used for carving, turney and mathematical instruments. The genera includes mostly diffuse porous woods with marginal and diffuse parenchyma; exclusively simple perforation plate; non- vestured, alternate and minute inter vessel pitting with coalescent aperture. In all the samples prismatic crystals in chambered parenchyma cells were observed. New reports include coalescent aperture in the vessels and crystals in fibres for the first time .
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50991
Title: Land cover classification using IRS LISS III satellite image and digital elevation model in hilly environment -A Case study in Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary, Meghalaya.
Author: M.Balakrishna Reddy
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: LISS - III Satellite imagery, Maximum likelihood classifier, DEM, Integrated Geographic Information System
Abstract: IRS-LISS III satellite imagery corresponding to Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary area of Ri-Bhoi District, Meghalaya was used for remote sensing analysis of the landuse pattern and vegetation types occuring thereat. Maximum likelihood classifier algorithm of ERDAS Imagine 9.1 version was used to secure supervised classification of pixels into various landuse types and vegetation types among the forest class cover. For the purpose of preparation of training sets thematic maps of the area, and knowledge accruing from extensive personal field visits were taken aid of . Sample field plots were laid at 30 different locations of the Sanctuary to carry out accuracy assessment. Normalized Difference Vegetative Index value of the LISS III satellite imagery was also computed. Digital Elevation Model of the Sanctuary was erected in the GIS domain. Such GIS database was integrated with remote sensing data in proof of Integrated Geographic Information System capabilities to achieve higher accuracy in classification. There was indeed marked increase in classification accuracy on account of such integration. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed between spectral and DEM variables to cross check the results.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50990
Title: Elements of Genus Ficus (Moraceae) and other Taxa vis-a -vis Hydro-edaphic properties of Woodland habitat of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Kerala
Author: J.N.Singh
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Genus Ficus (Moraceae), Hydro-edaphic Properties, Woodland Habitat, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve ,Kerala
Abstract: The present investigation deals with the hydro-edaphic properties and their mutual interaction in the woodland habitat of NBR-Kerala and the ameliorative role of the elements of genus Ficus and other taxa in the in-situ environment of the area. It is held from the results that edaphic factors contain sufficient energy to hold the vegetation/ flora of the region in the present form. However, it is a declined status in comparison to 1982 values. Due to presence of appropriate quantum of energy materials in the soils systems, their other related properties like soil-proteins, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable calcium, water holding capacity, porosity etc, are excellent and system is quite balanced at present. The equally potent agent i.e. waters of the region are quite bereft of dissolved minerals in their per unit volume but totally free of alkali hazards. However, the soil-watre interaction is a matter of concern for the region. The chemically dilute waters eat up the mineral riches of the soils and mineral transfer from edaphic media to aqua media is directly proportional to the degree of dilution and periodic length of submergence. Besides, the interactions further create a phenomenal change in the pH environment of edaphic media and strain the system to salt imbalance in the process. In presence of prevalent biotic and abiotic factors of the region the role of the elements of genus Ficus particularly their root systems and leaf litter on soil conditions along with their chief associates observed to be very positive in keeping the system viable and sustainable.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50989
Title: Forest fragmentation and tree diversity in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim
Author: A.Chettri, S.K.Barik, H.N.Pandey and M.K.Lyngdoh
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Forest Fragmentation, Tree Diversity, Khangehendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim
Abstract: The pattern of forest fragmentation was studied in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve , Sikkim (KBR) and tree diversity was correlated with fragment size. A total of 23 forest fragments were identified in the KBR after intesive survey, of which ten fragments were in temperate forest, 12 in sub- alpine forest and one in sub-tropical forest. Maximum numbers of fragments were in 2-6 ha size classes. Landslide, wind storm and grazing by livestock herds were identified as the causes of forest fragmentation in KBR. The fragmentation of forest significantly impacted species composition and community structure of trees in the forest, as evidenced from the differences in these attributes between the fragments and adjacent continuous forests.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50988
Title: Observations on provenance variation in Pinus kesiya royle ex gordon using rapid marker
Author: H.S.Ginwal and Vikas Singh jadon
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Pinus kesiya, Genetic variation, Provenance, RAPD, Similarity index, Polymorphism, Cluster
Abstract: Twelve provenances of Pinus kesiya representing India (Assam, Meghalaya), Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines and Zambia from the natural range of distribution were evaluated for genetic diversity using the RAPD markers. Eighteen random decmer primers were used to assess variation. A total of 227 amplified products were generated, out of which 179 amplicons were polymorphic. All selected primers produced polymorphic amplification products, however, the extent of polymorphism varied with each primer. Amplification products obtained per primer ranged from as low as 8 to a maximum of 20, with an average of 12.61 per primer. Genetic divergence in respect of percent polymorphism ranged from 50 to 92% , with an average of 79%. The value of similarity coefficient varied between 0.44 and 0.72. The genetic similarity coefficient matrix indicated a fair range of variability between the provenances of P.kesiya. Highly divergent provenances were Zambia and Assam (India). Also one provenance of Philippines viz. Phil 7 showed high level of divergence with the Indian (Assam) provenance. These provenances revealed a considerable genetic distance with other provenences. Th UPGMA dendrogram classified the provenances of P.kesiya into only two distinct clusters sharing 10 provenances in second one.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50987
Title: Wildlife habitat enrichment for mitigating Human-Elepant conflict by biological displacement of Lantana
Author: Vinod Rishi
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, April 2009, No 4.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Human - Elephant Conflict Mitihating, Habitat Enrichment , Biological Displacement , Lantana
Abstract: The paper presents the findings of 7 year long field of a fodder plantation technique specially designed for enrichment of wildlife habitats by biological displacement of Lantana cover by bamboo in a Lantana-infested area. The field trial was carried out between 1995-96 and 2002-03 in Rajaji National Park. The gradual displacement of Lantana by bamboo circumvents the treat of sudden depletion of resources for wild animals that were habituated to the presence of Lantana thickets in their habitat, and gives them time to adjust to the change in their habitat which the traditional weed-eradication techniques, currently in vogue do not allow.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50986
Title: Path analysis of weather parameters with teak defoliator (Hyblaea puera Cramer) in Uttara Kannada District of Karnataka
Author: Javare Gowda, V. Maheswarappa and L.Krishna Naik
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Teak Defoliator, Hyblaea puera Cramer, Weather parameters, Path Analysis, Uttara Kannada District,Karnataka
Abstract: Teak defoliator (Hyblaea puera Cramer) is the most devasting insect pest on Teak which causes heavy defoliation in its larval stage. The outbreak of this moth is noticed during June to September. A light trap was installed in Teak plantation to study the effect of various weather parameters. The path analysis of five associated weather parameters indicated that, on the outbreak of moth rainfall had positive direct effect on emergence of male and female moth during 2003-04 and 2004-05 (0.7079 r = 0.7920; 0.7308 r = 0.7904 and 0.4608 r = 0.4342 ; 0.5555 r = 0.5018, respectively). Indirectly relative humidity in the evening through rainfall influences the outbreak of male moth (0.1947 r= 0.4549) and through maximum temperature it influences emergence of female moth (0.2110 r = 0.4175) during 2003-04. Similarly , relative humidity in the morning through relative humidity in the evening influences the outbreak of male and female moth (0.8190 r= 0.1402; 0.7988 r = 0.1688, respectively ) during 2004-05.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50985
Title: Influence of tree cover on physical properties of soil
Author: M.B.Tandel, M.U.Kukadia , B.N.Kolambe and D.B.Jadeja
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Tree cover, Influence, Soil properties, Paricle Density, Bulk Density, Water Holding Capacity, Porosity
Abstract: An experiment on the influence of tree cover on physical properties of soil was carried out at Instructional Farm , ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry , Navsari (Gujarat) under twelve-years old plantation during the year 2002-2003. The experiment was laid out in FCRD with eleven treatments viz., Arjun (Terminalia arjuna), Hed (Adina cordifolia), Teak (Tectona grandis), Sharu (Casuarina equisetifolia), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis), Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo), Bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus), Biyo (Pterocarpus marsupium), Killai ( Albizia procera), Khair (Acacia catechu) and control (open field) with three replications. The soil samples were collected from three depths (0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm). Maximum improvement in physical characteristics of soil viz., particle density, bulk density, porosity, and water holding capacity were recorded under D. sissoo plantation and observed in upper layer (0-30 cm ) of soil.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50984
Title: Growth and nodulation in Acacia nilotica Benth. under mycorrhizal fungi and nutrient treated alkali soil after one year of inoculation
Author: Kaushal Pratap Singh, Rekha Yadav and Seema Bhadauria
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Acacia nilotica Benth., Growth and nodulation ,Mycorrhizal fungi inoculation, Nutrient- treatment , Alkali soil
Abstract: Acacia nilotica is fast growing, drought resistant, multipurpose legume tree species occuring in semi-arid and arid zones of the world. AM fungi, which constitute a group of important soil microorganisms , are known to improve the plant growth through better uptake of nutrients. A total of eight sets of experiments were conducted to analyze maximum growth and nodulation in A.nilotica. The results of present investigation showed the maximum shoot, root height , collar diameter and dry weight of root nodules under soil treated with AM along with phosphate and nitrogenous fertilizers. It was minimum in the soil treated only with AM along with phosphate and nitrogenous fertilizers. It was minimum in the soil treated only with AM fungi. In another set of experiment, the maximum number of nodules/plant and its dry weight g/plant were found under soil treated with AM along with nitrogen followed by soil treated with AM along with phosphorus and nitrogen.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50983
Title: Potential of Lantana camara Linn. weed against wood destroying fungi
Author: Sadhna Tripathi, Kanchan Rawat, Swati Dhyani and Himani Pant
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Lantana camara, Root, Stem , Leaves, Ethanol, Hot water extracts, Wood destroying fungi, Trametes versicolor, Oligoporus placentus
Abstract: Lantana camara Linn. belonging to family Verbenaceae is known world wide as an obnoxious weed having 650 varieties and spreading over 60 countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of L.camara extracts against wood destroying white and brown rot fungi. Root, stem and leaves of Lantana were collectively extracted with ethanol followed by hot water. Ethanolic extract at a concentration levels of 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% and the hot water extract at a concentration levels of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3% were tested against Trametes versicolor, a white rot and Oligoporus plancentus, a brown rot by malt-agar bioassay. Results revealed that the ethanolic extract upto 0.01% concentration level recorded 0% growth of T.versicolor and O.placentus as compared to 100% observed in control plates. A growth of 50 and 28% of O.placentus and T.versicolor was observed at 0.005% concentration of the ethanolic extract. Hot water extract on the other hand at all the concentrations tested recorded 97 to 100% surface coverage of the test fungi. Qualitative analysis of the ethanolic and hot water extracts revealed presence of high amounts of phenolics and alkaloids and appreciable amount of terpenoids in the ethanolic extract. Presence of high amounts of carbohydrates and trace amounts of alkaloids and phenols were observed in hot water extract.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50982
Title: Elemental content of three plant species growing on abandoned fly ash landfill
Author: D.R.Chaudhary, Arup Ghosh, J.Chikara and J.S.Patolia
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3.
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Abandoned Fly- ash landfill, Prosopis juliflora, Calotropis gigantia, Ipomoea fistulosa, Elemental content
Abstract: Differences in foliage tissue concentration of elements were assessed for Prosopis juliflora, Calotropis gigantia and Ipomoea fistulosa growing on abandoned fly ash and a control soil ( Mixed , hyperthermic Typic Ustochrepts). In general, plants from the fly ash exhibited reduced concentrations of N,K,Ca,Mg,S and Mn while elevated trace element concentration in comparison to the control. However, plants growing on fly ash were well supplied with phosphorus nutrients. One of the most striking differences in the trace elemental concentrations among the fly ash and control plants was observed for Mn, as the control plants exhibiting concentrations orders of magnitude greater than the fly ash. Based on elemental concentration of plants grown on soil and fly ash, Prosopis showed less difference in elemental concentration between both locations compared to other trees and can be used for rehabilitation of fly ash landfills with forestry point of view.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50981
Title: Carbon sequestration in Indian natural and planted forests
Author: N.P.Melkania
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Global climate change, Carbon sequestration, Natural and planted forests, India
Abstract: Among the global common concerns, climate change has been identified as the most important environmental challenge facing humanity. Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons are identified as green house gases causing warming of earth globally. Of these, CO2 alone accounts for 60 percent share. Absorbing atmospheric CO2 and moving into the physiological system and plant biomass, and finally into the soil, is considered as the most practical way of removing excess C from atmosphere and storing it into a biological system .C is, thus, sequestered into the plants and then the animals. Studies hav established that C sequestration by trees and forests could provide relatively low cost net emission reductions . C management in forests is, therefore, one of the most important agenda in India in the 21st century in context of green house gases effects and mitigation of global climate changes. Studies indicate that Indian forests store 1,083.81 MtC (wood only) in the year 1994 to 3,907.67 MtC (above - and below -ground material) in the year 1993. In forest soil, total C storage is estimated 9,815.95 Mt as per 1994 forest stands under 19 ligneous species. Site -specific C estimates depend on stand composition, age , site quality and management. Estimated rate of C flux in selected Indian planted forests reveals that :(i) planted forests of short - rotation tree species with regular leaf shedding patterns have more capacity for C sequestering in litter which decomposes more rapidly than those with annual or bimodal leaf shedding patterns, and (ii) mixed planted forests of exotic and native species could be more efficient in sequestering C than the monocultures. This contribution reviews C sequestration in Indian forests at national level and site- specific situations, and elaborates some possible opportunities for sustainable C forestry.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50980
Title: Growth characteristics of some indigenous fuelwood and fodder tree species of Sub-tropical Garhwal Himalayas
Author: Ashutosh Mishra , S.Nautiyal and D.P.Nautiyal
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Fuelwood and fodder tree species, Seed and growth characteristics, Sub-tropical Garhwal Himalayas
Abstract: Comparative study of normal and quality planting stock of selected indigenous fuelwood and fodder tree species of sub-tropical region of Garhwal Himalay was carried out for selection of suitable fuelwood and fodder tree species for higher biomass production. Based on the findings of the seed and growth characteristics, it is concluded that Grewia optiva, Bauhinia variegata and Albizzia lebbeck are the best suited tree species for plantations in the sub-tropical region of Garhwal Himalayal.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50979
Title: Growth behaviour of some tree species in high density plantation in Mid-hills of Western Himalayas
Author: Gopichand and R.D.Singh
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Short Rotation High Density plantation, Vertical growth, Radial growth, Calorific value, Western Himalayas.
Abstract: The study was conducted in mid-hill conditions of Palampur in the Indian Western Himalayas with objective to develop agrotechniques for fast growing fuel-wood species. At 24 months after planting (MAP), the effect of fertilizers was more evident in terms of veritcal growth than radial growth. The plant height showed an increasing trend with increase in doses of fertilizer. The maximum plant height was recorded in Eucalyptus hybrid followed by Populus deltoides, while Salix tetrasperma showed the poorest vertical growth . In terms of stem diameter, Eucalyptus hybrid was the best species followed by Grevillea robusta and Trewia nudiflora . Application of N:P2 O5 :K2 O:: 150:75:75 kg/ha provided thicker stem in comparison of the lower fertilizer doses. At 36 MAP, G.robusta produced significantly highest vertical growth followed by Jacaranda acutifolia and Eucalyptus hybrid, while Bauhinia variegata showed significantly highest radial growth followed by Eucalyptus and G.robusta. In all the species, excepting G.robusta, Toona ciliata and Morus alba, the lowest fertilizer dose (50:25:25 kg/ha) provided significantly highest vertical and radial growth rate, at 36 MAP. At 36 MAP, significantly highest fresh and dry biomass (oven dry) per plant was produced by Eucalyptus followed by G.robusta and Melia azedarach. The maximum dry weight (62%) was recorded in case of M.alba. At 72 MAP, the significantly highest fresh and dry weight per plant were recorded in Eucalyptus followed by G.robusta, T.ciliata and M.azedarach. Amongst the plants not treated with fertilizers, the highest fresh and dry weight was recorded in G.robusta planted at 1m x1m spacing. The same species when planted closer at 1m x 0.71m spacing was comparable to Eucalyptus. Amongst all the test species, G.robusta had highest calorific value.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 50978
Title: Fodder quality evaluation of Grewia laevigata Vahl.: A lesser known tree species of Shiwaliks
Author: H.P.Sankhyan, R.Bawa and N.Mariappan
Editor: Dr.V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2009
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 135, March 2009, No 3
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Fodder quality, Evaluation, Grewia laevigata Vahl., Shiwaliks
Abstract: Study of the fodder quality parameters of Grewia laevigata Vahl., was undertaken with a view to harness its potential in future breeding programme and to encourage the farmers to plant the species to enhance fodder productivity. The study was conducted in the Shiwalik region of two districts of Himachal Pradesh to estimate leaf fodder nutritional value and its variation at different sites. Nutrient contents and leaf proximate composition were worked out along with their correlation co-efficient, heritability and genetic gain.The study concluded that significant differences in mineral nutrients, except for potassium and also for proximate principles, showed variability between the populations in different localities. Mineral nutrients and proximate principles exhibited phenotypic variability higher than the genotypic ones with very less differences between the two levels. Thus indicating that these are least influenced by the environmental parameters. Hence selection of superior genotypes in ' nallah ' locations is most suitable in comparison to other locations for further multiplication and breeding programmes for increasing fodder productivity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None