ID: 51262
Title: Utilization of Incinerated Municipal Solid Waste Ash in the Manufacture of Cement Hollow Bricks
Author: P.Srinivas and K. Satish Kumar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Municipal solid waste, Incineration ash, Cement hollow bricks, Compressive strength, Recycling
Abstract: There is a strong demand for environmentally safe reuse and effective disposal methods for Municipal solid waste (MSW) due to the increasing amount of waste generated by the various residential buildings, commercial establishments and various other institutions. MSW refers to the stream of garbage collected through community sanitation services. Medical wastes from hospitals and items that can be recyled and utilitzed for generating electricity are generally excluded from MSW. The major portion of MSW that is not recycled is typically sent to landfills after it is collected. As an alternative, MSW can be combusted in waste-to-energy combustors, which facilitates to generate electricity. The combustion of municipal solid waste results in reduction of its quantity. MSW combustion creates a solid waste called ash, which can contain any of the elements which were originally present in the waste. Using it as an engineering construction materials attains the ultimate disposal of incinerated solid waste ash. The incorporation of municipal solid waste ash in the manufacturing of cement hollow bricks has been systematically investigated. The effect of proportion of incinerated municipal solid waste (ash) on the strength and quality of the brick has been investigated. The use fo incinerated municipal solid waste as construction material and building material converts the waste into useful products that can alleviate the disposal problems. The present work has demonstrated a feasible way of using incinerated municipal solid waste ash as a cement replacement material to produce quality bricks. The bricks manufacture did not show any deformation or uneven surfaces and the bricks can be used for construction purposes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51261
Title: Rainfall Intensity and Quantity of Groundwater Along the Coastal Area of Kanyakumari to Coachel, South Tamil Nadu Before and After Tsunami
Author: S.Bhagavathi Perumal and P. Thamaraj
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater, Rainfall intensity, Coastal area, Kanyakumari, Colachel, Tsunami
Abstract: Rainfall intensity and groundwater quantity in Coastal area of Kanyakumari to Colachel coastal belt after Tsunami was used to assess the capacity of groundwater for determining its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. Physical and chemical parameters of groundwater were also analysed based on the rainfall intensity. In Kanyakumari district, the surface water resources have been fully utilized. The surface flow is more during monsoon periods. The deficient monsoon rainfall has affected the flow of surface water into reservoirs, anacuts, lakes, etc. Surface water and rainwater are widely used for irrigation. Consequently, agriculturists have to a great extent depend upon an alternate source, viz., groundwater for irrigation requirements. Groundwater in the area is generally very good, pleasant, fresh to brackish, average to very low saline and low alkaline in nature and fit both for agriculture and drinking purposes. Permissible average total hardness and TDS in all places of the study area identify the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation. In the study area less groundwater extraction keeps the water table high. The elevated topography, more rainfall and limited groundwater extraction, keeps the Kanyakumari coastal belt free from sea water intrusion. Quantity of water is generally good throughout the district due to continuous rainfall in alll monsoon seasons. Comparing the results of water quantity like surface water and subsurface water befor and after Tsunami there is not much change in the quantity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51260
Title: Control of Environmental Pollution by Utilizing High and Low Volume of Fly Ash in Concrete
Author: I.Padmanaban and D. Maruthachalam
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Fly ash, Concrete, HVFAC, LVFAC
Abstract: Currently India produces around 120 million tones of fly ash per annum. The power requirements of the country have increased a lot due to industrial growth. India mainly depends on thermal power which contributes about 80% of the power produced resulting in accumulation of huge quantity of fly ash as residue. It is estimated that ash generation is likely to reach 170 million MT by 2010; only 32% of the fly ash is utilised which needs an urgent attention. Effective utilizing of high and low volume of fly ash in concrete (HVFAC & LVFAC) has positive effects in an environmental friendly way, preserving resources and producing better concrete. This paper presents the experimental investigation carried on HVFA and LVFAC in concrete and the environmental benefits rendered by it.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51259
Title: Selecting Suitable Resin for Parting Yttrium from Leaching Solution of Saghand Uranium Mine in Yazd, Iran
Author: Seyed Morteza Moosavi Rad, M.Shankara, Seyed Hamed Moosavi Rad and Behzad Shahmoradi
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Yttrium, Saghand uranium mine, Ion exchange, Rare earth elements, Elution solution
Abstract: This paper gives ion exchange and influence of different types of resins for separating existing yttrium in acid leaching solution of Saghand Mine in Yazd, Iran. Firstly, after doing XRF and ICP experiments on the sample, the resultant solution was assigned out of acid leaching of the region in contact with 0.5 mL resin (based on mass percentage) from different types of anion and cation resins. In each experiment 50mL of the sample containing 500 ppm yttrium in a column was brought into contact with different types of prevalent resins. The resins were then brought into contact for 15 minutes to different types of elusion solutions. After the analysis the resin Dow x 50w x 8 (H+) was selected as the optimum resin in exposure to 1 mol/L sodium acetate as the elusion solution with retrieving 93% yttrium.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51258
Title: Detection of Organic Materials in Fly Ash by Chromatographic Method
Author: Shikha Shrivastava and Durga Nema
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Organic materials, Humus, Fly ash, Dykes, Chromatography
Abstract: Fly ash, a by-product from coal based power plants is composed of totally inorganic and inert substances and is unsupportive for life forms. Fly ash in Korba is dumped into special open embankments called dykes. The search for organic materials was important because formation of humus is a revolution in fly ash, then only it will be able to support life forms. This was done in these dykes to confirm the source of organic materials in fly ash, i.e., whether they are coming from the coal, the start up oil of the furnace or from the animals and plants coming up in the area.The method used was thin layer chromatography and ascending paper chromatography in liquid medium.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51257
Title: Bacteriological Examination of Drinking Water in Different Public Places with Reference to Coliforms
Author: R.R.Kasar, R.T.Tidke, G.V.Kore and Masarrat Sultana
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drinking water, Coliforms, Pollution level
Abstract: This study investigates the pollution level in drinking water in different public places.The bacteriological analyses performed were in accordance with standard procedures. Out of eight samples from different sites all had counts higher than the standards. Cinema theatres were the most polluted.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51256
Title: Impact of Distillery Spentwash Irrigation on Nutrients of Some Fruits: An Investigation
Author: S.Chandraju, H.C. Basavaraju and C.S. Chidankumar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Distillery spentwash, Irrigation, Nutrients, Water melon, Musk melon, Tomato
Abstract: Cultivation of some fruit plants was made by irrigation with distillery spentwash of different concentrations. Primarily treated spentwash (50% and 33%) was analysed for plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other physico-chemical parameters. The plants were cultivated by irrigation with raw water (RW) and 50% and 33% spentwash. The impact of spentwash on proximate principles (moisture, protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrate, energy, calcium, phosphorus and iron), vitamin content (carotene and vitamin - c), mineral and trace elements (magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, manganese, zinc, chromium and nickel) and nutritive value of ripened fruits were analysed. It was observed that there is good nutrients uptake in 33% in all the fruits than 50% spentwash and raw water.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51255
Title: A Study on Eutrophication Level in Hosur Town Lakes
Author: H.Karibasappa, H.B. Aravinda and S.Manjappa
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Eutrophication, Nutrients, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Hosur town lakes
Abstract: The present concern for eutrophication relates to the rapidly increasing quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus which are otherwise present at fairly low concentrations in unmodified natural waters to limit the algal growth and biomass. In the present study an attempt has been made to measure the level of eutrophication in Hosur town lakes. Three lakes namely Chandrakudi lake, Doddan lake and Kelavarapalli dam were selected for the study. The samples were collected and analysed for soluble orthophosphate, chemical oxygen demand, organic nitrogen, free ammonia, inorganic nitrogen, total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen, etc. The onsite study like transparency, fish kill information and impairment of lakes, etc. was also conducted. The level of eutrophication in the lakes was calculated by using Wetzel ' s scheme. The results revealed that the eutrophication level in all the three lakes is very high, i.e., hypereutrophic to very eutrophic.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51254
Title: Causes of Floods in Upper Krishna Basin of Maharashtra
Author: Chandrakant Narhari Kale
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Upper Krishna basin, Floods, Causes of floods, Anthropogenic factors, Natural factors
Abstract: The present paper attempts to analyse probable causes of flood situation in upper Krishna basin of southern Maharashtra. Flood situation has become disastrous during the year 2005 and 2006 in later part of July and early August in upper Krishna basin. It is also important to note that floods are aggravated phenomena by human and natural activities. About 27.72% of the geographical area of the upper Krishna basin of southern Maharashtra is affected by floods of which about 2.12% of total population of Upper Krishna basin has suffered in 2006. Since, the floods of rivers are responses of both natural and anthropogenic factors, the relative effects and causes vary from place to place. To analyse the causes of flood situation in the region under study, the statistical data and concerned information have been collected through personal visits and records available at Tehsil headquarters of Sangli, Kolhapur and Satara districts.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51253
Title: Survey of Environmental Awareness Among the Industries of Jammu, India
Author: Kamal Kishore Verma
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Environmental awareness, Industries, Jammu region, Green marketing
Abstract: In the present study, a survey was carried out in 2003 on 25 industries of Jammu city regarding their green marketing practices and the awareness among each worker started from primary level to executive level. In this survey a questionnaire was framed and questions were asked to the workers on the basis of which the predicitions were made about the implementation of green marketing and their effect at every sphere of life. The industries are categorised on the basis of their product and the results are calculated using standard deviation (SD) and significant value (f). The study reveals that the worker community of industry in Jammu is not much aware of the green marketing practices.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51252
Title: Variations in Hydrochemical Characteristics of Two Distinct Wetlands of Central Gujarat, India
Author: J.I.Nirmal Kumar and Cini Oommen
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Water quality parameters, Khodiyar wetland, Malwar wetland, Correlation coefficients
Abstract: An assessment of hydrochemical parameters was carried out in two distinguishing wetlands of central Gujarat, India for the period of one year from June 2007 to May 2008. Water quality parameters like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, Secchi depth, total solids and total dissolved and suspended solids, free carbon dioxide, phenolphthalein alkalinity, total alkalinity, carbonates, bicarbonates, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride, phosphate, sulphate and nitrate were investigated during the study period. Chloride, phosphate, sulphate and nitrate of water were greater in Khodiyar than Malwar wetland because of high wastes and sewage inflow. Moreover, montly variation of hydrochemical characters was found higher during summer and lower during monsoon months in both the wetlands. Correlation coefficients were calculated among the various physico-chemical variables. Sulphate and nitrate showed a positive correlation with phosphate at Khodiyar, whereas sulphate and chloride correlated positively with nitrate at Malwar wetland. Dissolved oxygen showed a negative correlation with temperature, phosphate and other parameters in both the wetlands.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51251
Title: The Study of Water Quality of Pulankurichi in Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu
Author: G.Subramanian, P.Ramadevi, V.Pitchammal and R. Ramanathan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drinking water, Bore-well water, Drinking standards, Pulankurichi village, Water quality
Abstract: Assessment of physico-chemical parameters of water in four places in pulankurichi of Sivagangai district was carried out. Water samples from one bore-well and three open-ponds were collected and analysed. The chemical quality was compared with the drinking water quality standards. Several parameters like pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, chloride, sulphate, total hardness, alkalinity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and BOD were analysed. The results of the study indicate that groundwater quality in the study area is suitable for drinking purpose.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51250
Title: Seasonal Variation in Some Metals of Inshore Waters of Malvan, Maharashtra
Author: J.P.Kashid, A.K.Patil, J.S.Samant and P.D. Raut
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Metals, Inshore waters, Malvan coast, Estuaries
Abstract: Metals were investigated at Tarkarli, Kolam and Aachara estuary of Malvan, Maharashtra under low tide situation in different seasons. Ni, Cu, Pb and Mn were observed nil during monsoon season, while Fe and Mg were in high range. Na, Ca and K were low during rainy season and constant during summer and winter seasons. Lower values of all the metals during monsoon season suggest that the freshwater influx in the estuary can be the main influence on the water quality.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51249
Title: Irrigation Water Quality Status Studies Through GIS in Upper Manimuktha Sub-basin, Villupuram District, Vellar Basin, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: N.Prabhakaran, B.Gurugnanam, S.Vasudevan and S.Joseph Santhanaraj
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater, Salinity, SAR, Alkali hazard, Irrigation water quality, GIS
Abstract: An attempt has been made to demarcate sites for groundwater irrigation quality at upper Manimuktha sub basin, Tamil Nadu through GIS technique using ARC/GIS Software. The irrigation quality standard output was taken to GIS platform. The work was executed with the weighted rating analysis in GIS environment. Spatial and non-spatial data were assessed in a quick and efficient way in GIS. The term ' geographic ' in GIS refers to the locational attributes which define the spatial positioning of the piece of information on the face of the earth. The advent of digital computers, with high data processing speed and the development of analytical tools in GIS to handly geographically referenced data with ease and flexibility, computer aided GIS has become a reality of late. Using of GIS in hydrogeology is only at its beginning, but there have been successful applications that started to develop. The favourability of the irrigational quality was demarcated in GIS. The favorable area occupying in premonsoon was 269 km2 and in the postmonsoon 239 km2.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51248
Title: A Study on Drinking Water Quality in Ariyalur Area, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: M.Vasanthy, A. Geetha, M. Jeganathan and A. Anitha
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma and Dr. P.K. Goel
Year: 2009
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 8, No 2, June 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drinking water quality, Ariyalur area, Groundwater, Drinking water standards
Abstract: The present study deals with the evaluation of quality of groundwater at different locations of Ariyalur town, Tamil Nadu. Groundwater samples were collected from ten different locations of the town. The groundwater quality parameters such as pH, EC, temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, acidity, hardness, calcium, magnesium, silicate, phosphate, nitrate and sulphate were estimated in the samples to evaluate their quality. The results indicate that the waters have grossly high values of hardness and alkalinity, which reduces the quality of water for drinking.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None