ID: 51412
Title: Successful utilisation of indigenous bioenergy resources for economic advancement in rural Maharastra, India
Author: Kavita Rai, Jayant Sarnaik
Editor: James Robinson
Year: 2009
Publisher: HEDON, Issue 56, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Boiling Point - A practitioner ' s Journal on Household Energy, Stoves, and Poverty Reduction
Keywords: Biodiesel resource centres, Pongamia pinnata, biofuel crop
Abstract: This article showcases the successful establishment of cluster level biodiesel resource centres catering to rural energy demands and the creation of livelihood opportunities in over 70 villages in Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. Central to this initiative has been the ongoing experiences with communities who collect and sell seeds of the indigenous tree Pongamia pinnata. A combination of widespread awareness and promotion, technology development and demonstration, training and marketing are essential factors for success. Important to this initiative has been the notion of using the already existing (but neglected) resources rather than cultivation of any biofuel crop which needs large scale resources.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51411
Title: The Shakapopela Association: Women using biofuels for locally generated power in Zambia
Author: Wendy Annecke
Editor: James Robinson
Year: 2009
Publisher: HEDON, Issue 56, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Boiling Point - A practitioner ' s Journal on Household Energy, Stoves, and Poverty Reduction
Keywords: DAPP, GVEP, biofuels, jatropa
Abstract: One of the outreach projects implemented by DAPP Child Aid in the Chibombo District in Zambia is the GVEP International - Gaia Movement ' s ' Community Generated Power; Scaling up biofuel production for local use in Zambia ' . This involves both growing suitable plant, producing oil and using the oil in a diesel engine that has been adapted to run on a dual fuel system (according to tested specifications in another GVEP International project in India). The Shakapopela Association of women is showing the way in both regards, notwithstanding various obstacles which include a shortage of jatropha seeds and necessary adaptions to the hammer mill engine they operate. In this article the author presents a summary of both the project and a recent trip made to site.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51410
Title: Options for small-scale biodiesel production to self-supply the energy needs of isolated communities in Amazonia
Author: Javier Coello, Fernando Acosta and Jean Velasquez
Editor: James Robinson
Year: 2009
Publisher: HEDON, Issue 56, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Boiling Point - A practitioner ' s Journal on Household Energy, Stoves, and Poverty Reduction
Keywords: Amazonian jungle, electricity, biomass, liquid biofuel, biodiesel, vegetable oils, energy
Abstract: Overr 83% of rural families in the Amazonian jungle of Peru have no access to electrical energy because of the difficulty and high cost of extending the electricity grid to the region. The sustainable use of biomass to generate energy could make a significant contribution in this regard, in particular in the form of liquid biofuels such as biodiesel and vegetable oils. One advantage of this option is that the diesel generators already in place in such communities can be used. Practical Action, in partnership with UNALM (La Molina National Agrarian University) has been working since 2003 on developing and testing technological models and a range of Amazonian oil-yielding seeds for the small - scale production of biodiesel in isolated regions of Amazonia. The aim of the project has been to design a sustainable system for the production and use of biodiesel by isolated communities in the Amazonian jungle of Peru, in accordance with the most suitable resources; to test its performance as a fuel for transportation and domestic and productive activities; and to enable biodiesel to be established as a possible solution to the problems experienced by such settlements in accessing energy.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51409
Title: Developing safe paraffin appliances in South Africa
Author: Philip Lloyod
Editor: James Robinson
Year: 2009
Publisher: HEDON, Issue 56, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Boiling Point - A practitioner ' ' s Journal on Household Energy, Stoves, and Poverty Reduction
Keywords: Paraffin fuelled appliances
Abstract: The widespread use of paraffin for cooking and space heating in South African households has been linked to loss of life and extensive damage to property as a result of fire. Every year about 1,000 people were killed and between 50,000 and 100,000 homes destroyed. An investigation into the underlying cause pinpointed faults in the design of the appliances in widespread use. After cooking for about an hour, the paraffin in the fuel tank exceeded its flash point. Once this happened, it was possible to trigger a blaze that made a typical informal home uninhabitable within 40 seconds and totally destroyed it within 15 minutes. These findings have forced a complete change of the applicable standards for paraffin fuelled appliances. Appliances meeting the new standards are now starting to reach the market.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51408
Title: Household energy poverty and paraffin consumption in South Africa
Author: Glenn Truran
Editor: James Robinson
Year: 2009
Publisher: HEDON, Issue 56, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Boiling Point - A practitioner ' s Journal on Household Energy, Stoves, and Poverty Reduction
Keywords: Paraffin, household energy, Electricity, South African government
Abstract: Using paraffin (kerosene) for cooking, heating or lighting is strongly associated with poverty in South Africa. In addition, many regard it to be the most dangerous form of household energy because of the high profile given to the unacceptably high number of harmful paraffin related domestic incidents that have taken place. Research in recent years, however, has revealed that the danger is not so much paraffin per se but rather the unsafe system of paraffin use. If the systemic problems are addressed, paraffin can be used very safely. Furthermore, hospital surveillance is indicating that burn injuries involving electricity are equal in magnitude to those related to paraffin. This suggests a common problem of poor household energy safety practice that must be addressed. Inspired by the Freedom Charter ' s vision and the desire, as a developmental state, to provide electricity to all citizens, the South African government has diverted its attention away from ensuring that the paraffin consumption system is as failsafe as other energy systems with dire consequences. Paraffin is a very important domestic thermal enery carrier and will be so for some time as there is a lack of alternative, available, viable energy options. This article argues that it is more prudent to address the systemic problems associated with paraffin than to try and convert consumers to an alternative energy carrier. It also presents a view on the issues and briefly explains how the Paraffin Safety Association has set about addressing the problems at band.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51407
Title: Solar lanterns and home-lighting systems the how and where
Author: None
Editor: Arun K Tripathi
Year: 2008
Publisher: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Vol 2, Issue 3, December 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Renewable Energy Akshay Urja
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51406
Title: Regional Reseach on Biodiversity: Improved Knowledge as a Basis for Better Livelihoods
Author: Andreas Schild
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Biodiversity, food, medicines, fibres,fuel, building materials
Abstract: Biodiversity is the key to life on earth: human existence - with food, medicines, fibres, fuel, building materials, and many other facets of what we know as civilisation - was only able to evolve because of biodiversity related ecosystem services.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51405
Title: Managing Landscapes Using Conservation Corridors
Author: Nakul Chettri, Graeme Worboys
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Corridors, Fragmentation of habitats, species
Abstract: Fragmentation of habitats threatens species ' survival and causes loss of biological diversity. Spatial configuration of habitats plays a crucial role in conservation of biodiversity. A good patch connected to neighbouring patches by corridors and stepping stones lowers the risk of extinction among its populations.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51404
Title: Changing Water Regimes and Biodiversity in High - Altitude Wetlands
Author: Chris Baker, Chaman Trisal, Chen Kelin, Ward Hagemeijer
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Wetlands
Abstract: For the 250 million people living on the valley floors and plateau areas of the Himalayas, wetlands are central to their livelihoods. Lakes, floodplains, and peat lands support agriculture and industry in these areas. Rice cultivation, grazing, fish farming, collecting fuel and building materials, and tourism, together with local spiritual and religious activities are vital to the region ' s poorest communities.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51403
Title: Changing Lifestyles of Mountain Communities - New Uses for Ancient Landscapes
Author: Xu Jianchu
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Mountain ecosystems, peaks, snow and ice
Abstract: The patterns created by land cover and conversion of large areas of land for human uses define the spectacle of our planet from above. Changes in mountain ecosystems are perhaps not so easily detected, taking place as they do in the varied, rugged topographies of chains of peaks: peaks that are crowned with cascades fo permanent snow and ice.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51402
Title: Acknowledging the Contribution of Mountain Communities - Investing in the Future
Author: Robert Zomer
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Traditional medicine, food crops, non-timber forest products
Abstract: The resources of biodiversity benefit people in numerous ways. They provide basic subsistence needs, such as traditional medicines, food crops, and non-timber forest products. Although this applies to people in general throughout the world, for mountain communities these resources are particularly important as contributions to their subsistence, their welfare, and to the improvement of their livelihoods.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51401
Title: Linking Traditional Ecological Knowledge Systems with Modern Approaches
Author: Palayanoor S Ramakrishnan
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Modern methods, Traditional methods, Mountain biodiversity, Biological diversity, cultural diversity
Abstract: A combination of modern and traditional methods is often the best approach, to conserve and manage mountain biodiversity for the benefit of both mountain people and others in the plains below. Often development interventions have been alien to the value systems of local people - the traditional forest guardians - and hence have not met with much success. Traditional ecological knowledge is a tool that can link cultural diversity with biological diversity and thus make modern methods acceptable to local populations. In turn modern approaches will help bring about the needed changes by making use of knowledge from global sources.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51400
Title: Mountain Biosphere Reserves - A People Centred Approach that also Links Global Knowledge
Author: Thomas Schaaf
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: UNESCO, MAB, Biosphere reserve,Global climate
Abstract: UNESCO ' s Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MAB) has established biosphere reserves to combine biodiversity conservation with sustainable development at local and community levels. To date 531 biosphere reserves have been established in 105 countries. Each biosphere reserve provides a living laboratory for scientific studies of the ecosystem and interactions between humans and their environment. These will eventually help us understand the mechanics of global climate change.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51399
Title: Climate Change in the Himalayas: the Vulnerability of Biodiversity
Author: Eklabya Sharma, Karma Tsering
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Natural resources, Hindu Kush - Himalayan
Abstract: The Hindu Kush - Himalayan (HKH) range of mountain chains is astounding, not only from an aesthetic point of view but also in terms of the abundance of natural resources sheltered within the huge folds of rugged mountain valleys.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 51398
Title: Climate Change in the Mountains - Who Wins and Who Loses?
Author: Christian Korner
Editor: A.Beatrice Murray
Year: 2009
Publisher: ICIMOD, No 55 Spring 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Sustainable Mountain Development
Keywords: Species diversity, lowlands, land area
Abstract: Species diversity per unit land area in mountains is often greater than in the lowlands. This is quite amazing considering the limited amount of land area they appear to cover. Topographic richness and steep elevational gradients are the key: climate zones are compressed across elevational gradients over short distances.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None