Conclusion

The presence of good diversity and luxuriant growth of ferns apart from the occurrence of Cyathea gigantea along with Bolbitis semicordata and B. subcrenatoides symbolizes the ecological importance of Yana forests. Although Uttara Kannada is well known for its vast forests places like Yana are rare. Yana would be an ideal place in central Western Ghats for raising a fernery, of natural ferns growing there and of other indigenous ferns grown using appropriate techniques. However there need to be concerted efforts from all stakeholders including local people in the protection and sustainable management of ecosystems. Also, the awareness among visitors to Yana would enhance the environmental responsibilities which would help in the conservation of fragile habitats of ferns.