M.D. Subash Chandran, D.K. Mesta, G.R. Rao, Sameer Ali, K.V. Gururaja and T.V. Ramachandra*
Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012,
India
Abstract : Madhuca bourdillonii (Gamble) Lam. and Syzygium travancoricum Gamble, considered almost extinct but later
found to be occurring in small numbers in their home range in Western Ghats, south of Palghat Gap, have been now discovered
in some of the relic primeval evergreen forests of Uttara Kannada, over 700 km north. These relic forests also
shelter scores of other rare endemic elements of flora and fauna. These findings highlight the need for making intensive
efforts for locating more of such relic forests and documenting their biota. Also, biologists need to restrain from the tendencies
of considering any novel occurrences of species away from their home ranges as new species, before ruling out
the possibilities that these could be the relics of ancient populations or their morphological variants. Presence of relic forests
does reveal the legacy of erstwhile contiguous forests, which is now fragmented due to rapid land use changes. Conservationists
handling biodiversity hotspots should be able to distinguish between relics of primeval forests and advanced
stages of secondary successions. Lack of such understanding will result in imperceptible extinctions of many endemic
species.
Keywords : Madhuca bourdillonii, Syzygium travancoricum, critically endangered, relic forests, Myristica swamps, local
extinction, Uttara Kannada, Western Ghats.
E-mail : cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in