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AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS perform numerous valuable environmental functions. They recycle nutrients, purify water, recharge ground water, augment and maintain stream flow, and provide habitat for a variety of flora and fauna and recreation for people. A rapid population increase accompanied by unplanned developmental works has led to the pollution of surface waters due to residential, agricultural, commercial and industrial wastes/effluents and decline in the number of waterbodies. Increased demand for lands has resulted in further loss of stream habitat, which has led to aquatic organisms becoming endangered and affecting some beneficial uses of water such as potability, swimming, etc. Various anthropogenic activities have altered the physical, chemical and biological ecosystems. An integrated and accelerated effort towards environment restoration and preservation is needed to stop further degradation of these fragile ecosystems. Failure to restore these ecosystems will result in sharply increased environmental costs, in the extinction of species or ecosystem types, and in permanent ecological damage. In this regard, this publication discusses the aspects related to Aquatic Biodiversity, Limnology of Lakes, Reservoirs and Wetlands, Watershed Hydrology/Pollution, Ground Water and Hydrogeology, Monitoring and Modeling, Restoration Methodologies and Conservation Strategies, Remediation Measures, Integrated Management of Water Quality and Quantity with Ecosystem Protection, Land Use and Urban Planning, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing, and Sustainable Water Resources Management and Policy.
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