Abstract: The great Indian Hornbills now endangered species although in Protected Areas it is common. Systematic studies have not been conducted though stray notes available. A status survey was conducted in Periyar Tiger reserve. It has shown its wide distribution in evergreen and semi-evergreen forests where it is found singly or in-groups. It prefers old growth forest patches. Nesting take place from February to May, which is related to fruiting, seasons of figs. Nesting is done on tall trees. Young ones are fed on figs and occasionally lizards and even snakes. Entrances are vertical to circular, the height of the nests being 8 to 25m from the ground. Photography is posing a management problem and in some cases, the birds did not return to the nest, which they generally did when they were not disturbed.