Among the many problems confronting the agriculturist is one which concerns the large scale destruction of food crops by pests. While efforts are being made to assess the damage and suggest measure for biological control of a large number of insects and pests, nearly the same attention has not been paid to the damage caused by rodents of which the gerbilles are considerable importance .The present study deals with the natural history of the common south Indian Gerbille Tatera indica cuvieri (waterhouse). The present report is based on extensive field observations and examination of the trapped animals brought to the laboratory. A number of burrow systems were dug out completely and their occupants were captured by net. The data pertain to the area around Shivanahalli village, Bangalore District, Mysore State, South India, about three miles from the city limits of Bangalore.The collection extends over a year from August 1952 to December 1953. The observations recorded here may not be typical for this species in other parts of South India, as different regions exhibit marked differences in climatic conditions.