ID: 65981
Title: Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and diseases: current perspective and impending aspects
Author: Neha Vaidh, Suman Ray, Tapas Chakma and Suyesh Shrivastava
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 391-392 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and diseases: current perspective and impending aspects
Keywords: None
Abstract: The urban lifestyle results in various metabolic abnormalities, including metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty
liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. A complex ecosystem of bacteria living in the gastrointestinal
tract – the gut microbiota, is essential for many physiological processes, such as immune system modulation
and nutrition metabolism. Changes in the richness and composition of the gut microbiota have been linked in
recent research to the onset and course of metabolic syndrome, a group of illnesses that includes hypertension,
insulin resistance, obesity and dyslipidemia. It is possible to design targeted therapies, such as probiotics or dietary regimens to alter the microbiome and perhaps reduce the risk or severity of metabolic syndrome by understanding the complex pathways by which gut microbiota influence the condition.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Festi, D., Schiumerini, R., Eusebi, L. H.,
Marasco, G., Taddia, M. and Colecchia,
A., World J. Gastroenterol., 2014, 20(43),
16079–16094.
Su, Q. and Liu, Q., Front. Nutr., 2021, 8,
644138
Literature cited 2: André, P., Laugerette, F. and Féart, C., Nutrients, 2019, 11(8), 1887.
Dekaboruah, E., Suryavanshi, M. V.,
Chettri, D. and Verma, A. K., Arch. Microbiol., 2020, 202(8), 214
ID: 65980
Title: Building an information-resilient society
Author: Sabuj Kumar Chaudhuri,Sanjoy Kar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 389-390 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Building an information-resilient society
Keywords: None
Abstract: A two-day international conference was
held recently to discuss the pivotal role of
information ecosystem in connecting people,
fostering understanding, and empowering
individuals, thus contributing to building
a more interconnected and harmonious
society.
The conference featured six primary
subthemes, each addressing crucial aspects
of information resilience. Participants engaged in discussions ranging from building
data-resilient communities to leveraging
frontier technologies for societal well-being.
Topics included data governance, crisis
management, the role of information centres and the intersection of information resilience with the sustainable development
goals (SDGs). There were five plenary
sessions and ten technical sessions. Thirty eight papers were presented from around
the world, both in physical and virtual
modes. The conference provided an excellent opportunity for researchers, academics
and practitioners to exchange ideas and
knowledge in the emerging area and develop effective strategies that enhance the
capacity of information ecosystems to
withstand and overcome future crises, while
maximizing societal benefits even during
non-crisis periods.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65979
Title: Glacial hazards and forest fires in Uttarakhand Himalaya and their plausible mitigation
Author: Kalachand Sain
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 383-384 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Glacial hazards and forest fires in Uttarakhand Himalaya and their plausible mitigation
Keywords: None
Abstract: The 2450 km-long Himalayan arc has a plethora of resources like glaciers, snow, river water, minerals, ores, cold
springs, geothermal springs, hydrocarbon deposits, sunshine, wind, water bodies, medicinal plants and herbs, scenic
beauty, all of which can be harnessed for the socio-economic and agricultural growth. The high-altitude glaciers and
snow are lifelines for irrigation, drinking water, hydropower generation, and domestic and industrial usage.
However, Himalaya is stressed by several subsurface processes, climate-induced phenomena, environmental impact
and human activities, which have led to different kinds of
disasters with varied intensities
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65978
Title: Environmental information awareness capacity building and livelihood programme
Author: TV Ramachandra, Bharath Setturu,S.Vinay,M.D.Subhashchandran, Bharath H. Aithal, Tulika Mondal, Abhishek Baghel
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2024
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: None
Reference: Environmental information awareness capacity building and livelihood programme (Banner)
Subject: Environmental information awareness capacity building and livelihood programme
Keywords: None
Abstract: Environmental information awareness capacity building and livelihood programme, CES, EWRG, IISc, Bangalore (Banner)
Location: None
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65977
Title: Ecologically sensitive regions in the western Ghats
Author: T.V.Ramachandra, Bharath Setturu, S.Vinay,M.D. Subash Chandran and H. Bharath Aithal
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2024
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Ecologically sensitive regions in the western Ghats (Banner)
Subject: Ecologically sensitive regions in the western Ghats
Keywords: None
Abstract: Ecologically sensitive regions in the western Ghats (Banner), CES, EWRG, IISc, Bangalore
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65976
Title: Parasite-Faunas of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh (Indian Himalayas): Diversity, Impact & Importance
Author: Ramesh Chander Bhagat reviewed by Khurshid A.Tariq
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 365-366 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Parasite-Faunas of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh (Indian Himalayas): Diversity, Impact & Importance
Keywords: None
Abstract: The book under review begins with a preface documenting the background and importance behind writing this book on
diversity of parasite fauna of Kashmir
Himalayas. Considering the biological and
ecological significance of parasites around
which the contents of the book are centred,
the book assumes high-order value in the
field of academia in general and biological
diversity in particular to increase awareness
and understanding of parasite diversity.
This reference book based on up-to-date
research work of last few decades has the
potential to fill the existing critical information gap in the field of parasite biodiversity and overall biological diversity in
Kashmir Himalayas. It is interesting to know
that about 40–50% of the living organisms
live as either ectoparasites or endoparasites
on/in different kinds of other living organisms (hosts) to fulfil their metabolic needs/
other life requirements and at the same time
are responsible for causing a variety of parasitic diseases in their hosts.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65975
Title: Invasive plant in an anthropogenic disturbed and a community protected forest and their means as bio-resources
Author: Khikeya Semy, M. R. Singh and Maongkala Walling
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 359-363 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Invasive plant in an anthropogenic disturbed and a community protected forest and their means as bio-resources
Keywords: Bioresources, Eastern Himalayas, invasive alien plants
Abstract: The present study deals with an exploratory survey on
the uses and role of invasive alien species (IAS) in the
local Naga livelihoods in the mountainous region of
eastern Himalayas. IAS was randomly sampled from
an anthropogenic disturbed forest and a community
protected forest to comparatively analyse the type of
IAS prevailing in those conditions. Later, group discussions were arranged with local inhabitants to distinguish
and identify the various uses of IAS. A total of 31 plant
species belonging to 18 different families were identified,
out of which 21 species were reported to be used as
bio-resources. The majority of the identified species
were found to possess medicinal or curative properties.
Considering the importance of IAS despite some of
their negative impacts, it is important to impart traditional knowledge of their uses to the upcoming generations and initiate necessary steps to distinguish harmful
species from harmless ones for better ecological sustenance.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: McNeely, J. A., The Great Reshuffling: Human Dimensions of Invasive
Alien Species, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK,
2001, p. 242.
Reddy, C. S., Bagyanarayana, G., Reddy, K. N. and Raju, V. S.,
Invasive alien flora of India, National Biological Information Infrastructure, US Geological Surv
Literature cited 2: Mooney, H. A. and Hobbs, R. J. (eds), Invasive Species in a
Changing World, Island Press, Washington, DC, USA, 2000.
Gentili, R., Schaffner, U., Martinoli, A. and Citterio, S., Invasive
alien species and biodiversity: impacts and management. Biodiversity,
2021, 22(1–2), 1–3.
ID: 65974
Title: Evaluating environmental and remote sensing factors in theileriosis risk prediction for bovine in Kerala, India: navigating post-flood climate dynamics
Author: Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh, Siju Susan Jacob*, Pinaki Prasad Sengupta, Tarushree Bari, Dikshitha Jagadish, Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy and Sharanagouda Shiddanagouda Patil
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 352-358 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Evaluating environmental and remote sensing factors in theileriosis risk prediction for bovine in Kerala, India: navigating post-flood climate dynamics
Keywords: Disease prediction, Kerala, livestock, machine learning, outbreak, theileriosis.
Abstract: Theileriosis, a parasitic disease, caused by Theileria spp.
and transmitted through ticks, poses a significant threat
to livestock, leading to elevated morbidity and mortality
rates. This study investigated the incidence trend of
theileriosis in Kerala, India, over three years (2019–21).
Notably, the research unveiled a substantial upsurge in
bovine theileriosis cases within Kerala during this
period, partly attributed to the state’s severe flooding
and landslides in 2018, triggered by incessant monsoon
rains. The present study envisaged pinpointing the risk
factors underlying the prevalence of theileriosis in
Kerala. Employing linear discriminant analysis, key
environmental and remote sensing variables influencing the disease’s incidence were identified. Subsequently,
these risk factors underwent climate disease modelling,
leading to the creation of risk maps. To predict areas
sensitive to theileriosis outbreaks in Kerala, two regression models and nine machine learning models were
employed. The gradient boost and random forest models
demonstrated the most accurate fit among these. The
study also estimated the basic reproduction number
(R0), which ranged from 0.89 to 1.8. This value indicates a high potential for Theileria spp. transmission
within the study area. Consequently, the research outcomes offer valuable insights into pinpointing high risk
theileriosis locations in livestock in Kerala.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chamuah, J. K. et al., First report of Ikeda genotype of Theileria
orientalis in Mithun (Bos frontalis) from northeastern hilly region
of India. Parasitol. Res., 2024, 123, 36.
Nene, V., Kiara, H., Lacasta, A., Pelle, R., Svitek, N. and Steinaa,
L., The biology of Theileria parva and control of East Coast fever –
current status and future trends. Ticks Tick-Borne Dis., 2016, 7,
549–564.
Literature cited 2: Sivakumar, T., Hayashida, K., Sugimoto, C. and Yokoyama, N.,
Evolution and genetic diversity of Theileria. Infect. Genet. Evol.,
2014, 27, 250–263.
Tiwari, A., Singh, N. K., Singh, H., Jyoti, Bhat, S. A. and Rath, S.
S., Prevalence of Theileria annulata infection in Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum collected from crossbred cattle of Ludhiana, Punjab. J. Parasit, Dis., 2015, 39, 57–61
ID: 65973
Title: Prediction of drought – risk zones in Tamil Nadu using historical and global climate model data
Author: B. Santhoshkumar , N. K. Sathyamoorthy, V. Geethalakshmi , Ga Dheebakaran , K. Boomiraj , N. Manikandan and M. Selva Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 340-351 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Prediction of drought – risk zones in Tamil Nadu using historical and global climate model data
Keywords: Drought events, drought forecast, Indian Meteorological Department, standardized precipitation index
Abstract: Global climate change has increased the events and intensity of extreme events. Tamil Nadu is located in the
southern peninsula region of India, which has benefitted
both from the south-west monsoon (SWM) and the
north-east monsoon (NEM). Although variations in the
monsoon pattern increased events of drought. The
IMD gridded (1991–2020) and projected global climate
model data (EC_Earth3_Veg_LR) were used to anticipate the drought-risk-prone zones over Tamil Nadu by
using the standardized precipitation index. During
both the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios of the near
(2021–2050) and mid (2051–2080) century periods, an
increase in rainfall amount was expected with a high
coefficient of variation (CV) across the region. The
CVs of the future SWM and NEM seasons were expected
to range from 20% to 60% and 25% to 50% respectively. Increased variability often leads to an increase
in number of drought events. Regardless of scenarios,
the southern zone was expected to experience more
drought events, followed by the northwestern zone
during SWM. Drought events during the NEM were
expected to increase in northeastern zone districts.
Changes in cropping patterns and policymaking for future risk-prone areas were undertaken as a proactive
response to mitigate potential agricultural challenges.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IPCC, Working Group I, Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment
Report on Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis – Summary
for Policymakers, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
Stockholm, 2013, pp. 72–74.
Lesk, C., Rowhani, P. and Ramankutty, N., Influence of extreme
weather disasters on global crop production. Nature, 2016, 529(7584),
84–87
Literature cited 2: National Research Council, Adapting to the impacts of climate
change, National Academies Press, 2011.
Agha, K. A., Feldman, D., Hoerling, M., Huxman, T. and Lund, J.,
Water and climate: recognize anthropogenic drought. Nature, 2015,
524(7566), 409–411.
ID: 65972
Title: Evaluation of farmers’ contentment with climate resilient agricultural technologies in Telangana, India
Author: Boda Mahesh Naik, A. K. Singh , Saikat Maji , P. Venkatesan and Rohit Shelar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 333-339 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Evaluation of farmers’ contentment with climate resilient agricultural technologies in Telangana, India
Keywords: Climate change, NICRA, path analysis, resilience, technologies.
Abstract: National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture
(NICRA) is a flagship project of the Indian Council of
Agricultural Research (ICAR) to mitigate climate
change in vulnerable districts of India. The present study
assessed farmers’ satisfaction with climate-resilient agricultural technologies following their adoption in two
vulnerable districts of Telangana, India, identified under
the NICRA project. Results showed that most farmers
in the Suryapet and Khammam (62.67% and 90.00%)
districts of Telangana state expressed high satisfaction
with these technologies. Additionally, a significant
proportion had a highly favourable perception of the
technology promoters (71.33% and 82.00%), high perceived expectations (52.67% and 74.00%), high perceived
quality (58.00% and 86.00%), and a high perceived
value (68.00% and 84.00%) associated with climateresilient agricultural technologies. Importantly, the
vast majority of the farmers in both districts expressed
their intent to use these technologies when the need
arises. Path analysis revealed that variables like perceived image, perceived expectation, perceived quality
and perceived value had a significant direct impact on
satisfaction, while there was no indirect effect on behavioural intention.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: The Economic Times, Food grain output seen at record 330.5 MT in
2022–23, 26 May 2023.
Godfray, H. C. J. et al., Food security: the challenge of feeding
nine billion people. Science, 2010, 327, 812–818.
Literature cited 2: Mbow, C. et al., Food security. In Climate Change and Land: An
IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land
Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems (eds Delmotte,
V. M. et al.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and
New York, USA, 2019, pp. 437–450; doi:10.10171978/009157988.
FAO, The state of food security and nutrition in the world. Building climate resilience for food security and nutrition. Food and Agriculture Organization
ID: 65971
Title: Complete mitochondrial genome profile of Randall’s threadfin bream, Nemipterus randalli and its phylogenetic analysis
Author: Neenu Raj, Sandhya Sukumaran , Lakshmi P. Mukundan , Anjaly Jose , Sujitha Mary , K. Nisha and A. Gopalakrishnan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 322-332 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Complete mitochondrial genome profile of Randall’s threadfin bream, Nemipterus randalli and its phylogenetic analysis
Keywords: Mitogenome, Nemipterus randalli, nemipteridae, phylogeny, protein coding genes.
Abstract: We characterized the complete mitogenome of Nemipterus randalli and performed comparative mitogenomic
analysis with previously determined mitochondrial genomes belonging to the family Nemipteridae. Using Sanger
sequencing, we identified a 16,642 bp mitogenome containing 37 genes (13 protein-coding, 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA)
and a non-coding region. Its gene organization, nucleotide composition, tRNA secondary structure and codon
usage are similar to other Nemipteridae mitogenomes.
The phylogenetic analysis indicated that Nemipteridae
is a monophyletic group. The present study forms the
basis for further studies on the population genetics,
evolution and phylogeny of N. randalli and its family.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Russell, B. C., FAO species catalogue. Nemipterid fishes of the
world (Threadfin breams, Whiptail breams, Monocle breams,
Dwarf monocle breams and Coral breams) family Nemipteridae.
An annotated and illustrated catalogue of Nemipterid species
known to date, FAO Fisheries Synopsis, FAO Rome, 1990, vol. 12,
pp. 1–149.
Karuppasamy, K., Kingston, S. D., Jawahar, P. and Vidhya, V.,
Spatio-temporal variation in the diversity of threadfin breams
(Family: Nemipteridae) from Wadge Bank, South India. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud., 2018, 6, 450–454.
Literature cited 2: CMFRI, Annual Report 2018–19, 2018.
IUCN, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN Red List
of Threatened Species, 2019; https://www.iucnredlist.org/en
ID: 65970
Title: Challenges and dynamics of athaphum: a longitudinal study of Loktak lake in northeast India
Author: Stutee Gupta, T. Dharmaraj and K. Mruthyunjaya Reddy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 315-321 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Challenges and dynamics of athaphum: a longitudinal study of Loktak lake in northeast India
Keywords: Athaphum, Loktak, Meitei, Ramsar, spatiotemporal dynamics
Abstract: As the largest freshwater lake in the region and a designated Ramsar site, Loktak lake in northeast India
holds paramount ecological and socioeconomic significance, particularly for the indigenous Meitei community.
This study delves into the intricate spatiotemporal dynamics of a traditional fishing technique called athaphum
practised by the Meitei community in the Loktak. It
utilizes the normalized difference vegetation index derived from the remote sensing satellite images to discern the athaphum and its trend over the past three
decades (1988–2023). Our findings reveal significant
fluctuations in athaphum due to ecological, hydrological and human factors. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the complexities involved in
safeguarding Loktak lake. They shed light on the intricate balance needed to sustain environmental integrity
and socioeconomic well-being in the Loktak region.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Taylor, K. and Lennon, J., Cultural landscapes: a bridge between
culture and nature? Int. J. Herit. Stud., 2011, 17(6), 537–554.
Brown, B. J., Hanson, M. E., Liverman, D. M. and Merideth, R.
W., Global sustainability: toward definition. Environ. Manage., 1987,
11, 713–719.
Literature cited 2: Singh, T. H. and Singh, R. K. S., Ramsar sites of India, Loktak
lake. World Wide Fund – India, New Delhi, India, 1994.
Kangabam, R. D., Boominathan, S. D. and Govindaraju, M., Ecology,
disturbance, and restoration of Loktak Lake in Indo–Burma biodiversity hotspot – an overview. NeBIO Int. J. Environ. Biodivers.,
2015, 6(2), 9–15
ID: 65969
Title: Empirical evidence for shifting cultivation’s role in indigenous food sovereignty in Manipur, Northeast India
Author: Dileep Kumar Pandey, Francis Q. Brearley , Chabungbam Victoria Devi , Nongthombam Devachandra and Mark Haominthang Lhungdim
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 307-314 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Empirical evidence for shifting cultivation’s role in indigenous food sovereignty in Manipur, Northeast India
Keywords: Agrobiodiversity, ethnic foods, indigenous food sovereignty, jhum cultivation, Northeast India.
Abstract: Indigenous food sovereignty (IFS) is pivotal in enhancing
food security and nutritional well-being and preserving governance systems and cultural practices within
indigenous communities. Despite its significance, the
literature on food sovereignty practices within Indian
tribal communities and strategies for bolstering them
remains limited. The present study draws upon primary
data collected from 97 households in Manipur, Northeast
India to address this gap. This study employs a mixedmethods research approach and systematically investigates the intricate dynamics of shifting cultivation (SC),
agrobiodiversity and their collective contributions to IFS.
Empirical findings underscore that SC provides culturally relevant food resources, thereby amplifying dietary diversity and contributing significantly to IFS.
The indigenous SC system in the present study site encompasses 32 crop species and 4 local livestock breeds,
featuring numerous landraces that ensure nutritional
security and preserve food culture. Integrating wild
edible plants from forests and fallow lands supplements
the traditional food basket, reinforcing indigenous
food culture and promoting biodiversity conservation.
This study emphasizes the symbiotic relationship between
SC-based agrobiodiversity and dietary diversity and
highlights their critical role in fortifying IFS resilience,
particularly in the context of climate change.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Forum for Food Sovereignty, Declaration of Nyéléni, 2007;
https://nyeleni.org/IMG/pdf/DeclNyeleni-en.pdf (accessed on 11
September 2023).
Gunaratne, M. S., Radin Firdaus, R. B. and Rathnasooriya, S. I.,
Climate change and food security in Sri Lanka: towards food sovereignty. Humanit
Literature cited 2: reignty. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun., 2021, 8(1), 229.
3. Leventon, J. and Laudan, J., Local food sovereignty for global food
security? Highlighting interplay challenges. Geoforum, 2017, 85,
23–26.
Mihesuah, D. A. and Hoover, E. (eds), Indigenous Food Sovereignty
in the United States: Restoring Cultural Knowledge, Protecting
Environments and Regaining Health, University of Oklahoma
Press, Norman, OK, USA, 2019.
ID: 65968
Title: Optimizing the impact of spray characteristics of hybrid drone on spray deposition in cotton crops
Author: P. Rajesh , A. P. Mohankumar, R. Kavitha , B. Suthakar and K. Ganesan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 297-306 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Optimizing the impact of spray characteristics of hybrid drone on spray deposition in cotton crops
Keywords: Droplet deposition density, operational parameters, spray drift analysis, UAV spraying technology, UAV system
Abstract: The effectiveness of a hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle
(UAV) for optimizing crop booster application on cotton crops (variety Co-14) at Tamil Nadu Agricultural
University is evaluated in this research. The hybrid
UAV, featuring a 12-litre sprayer tank and powered by
an internal combustion engine and brushless direct
current motor, was tested at heights of 1 and 2 m and
speeds of 3 and 4 m s
–1
. The objective was to determine
optimal parameters for maximizing droplet deposition
and minimizing spray drift. The results indicated that
at 1 m and 3 m s
–1
, the droplet density in the target area
was 148 ± 8 drops/cm2
, compared to 136 ± 4 drops/cm2
at 2 m. The volume median diameter at 1 m and 3 m s
–1
was 361 µm, and the number median diameter was
392 µm, showing higher deposition and uniform droplet
sizes at lower heights and lower speeds. Spray drift
analysis indicated reduced off-target movement at 1 m
and 3 m s
–1
, showing a non-target droplet density of
54 ± 4 drops/cm2 compared to 42 ± 6 drops/cm2 at 2 m.
The study concludes that the optimal UAV operation
parameters are 1 m height and 3 m s
–1 speed, enhancing
droplet deposition, minimizing drift, and improving
spray efficiency.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Radoglou-Grammatikis, P. et al., A compilation of UAV applications for precision agriculture. Comput. Netw., 2020, 172, 107148.
Yoshida, K. et al., Measurements of surface contamination of spray
equipment with pesticides after various methods of application. J.
Environ. Sci. Health Part B, 1990, 25(2), 169–183
Literature cited 2: Morales-Rodríguez, P. A. et al., A comparison between conventional
sprayers and new UAV sprayers: a study case of vineyards and olives
in extremadura (Spain). Agronomy, 2022, 12(6), 1307.
Wang, G. et al., Comparison of spray deposition, control efficacy
on wheat aphids and working efficiency in the wheat field of the
unmanned aerial vehicle with boom sprayer and two conventional
knapsack sprayers. Appl. Sci., 2019, 9(2), 218.
ID: 65967
Title: Mitigation of environmental pollution using cellulose-based natural rubber latex composites
Author: Amisha Verma and Sanjiv Arora
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (3) 290-296 10 Aug (2024)
Subject: Mitigation of environmental pollution using cellulose-based natural rubber latex composites
Keywords: Biodegradability, bio-fillers, mechanical properties, rubber latex
Abstract: In the modern rubber industry, the major problem is
the use of petroleum-derived chemical reinforcements
that exploit conventional sources of energy. In this review article, we have discussed the importance of some
cellulose-based reinforcements as an alternative to
harmful chemicals in rubber composites. The employment of natural cellulosic fillers not only improves
the biodegradability of rubber latex but also enhances
its mechanical and thermal properties. Such reinforced
rubber composites can be used effectively in various
sectors, i.e. food packaging, footwear, water purification and sensors. In the last, the current outlook and
future perspectives of smart rubber composites in
commercial areas are also discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ahuja, S. and Arora, S., Challenges and practices for effectual
waste management during COVID-19. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121, 1281–
1287.
Leong, S. Y., Lee, S. Y., Koh, T. Y. and Ang, D. T. C., 4R of rubber
waste management: current and outlook. J. Mater. Cycles Waste
Manage., 2023, 25, 37–51.
Literature cited 2: Rashad, A. M., A comprehensive overview about recycling rubber
as fine aggregate replacement in traditional cementitious materials.
Int. J. Sustain. Built Environ., 2016, 5, 46–82.
Selvaranjan, K., Navaratnam, S., Rajeev, P. and Ravintherakumaran,
N., Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face
masks during COVID-19: a review and potential solutions. Environ.
Challenges, 2021, 3, 100039