Energy Conservation
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NEWS at SEVEn
Volume 4 Number 2 April 1996
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Read Me
- There is a Lack of Incentive to Conserve Energy
- State Support for Energy Savings
- Electricity Consumption in the Czech Republic
- EBRD to Help Boost Energy Efficiency in Hungary
- Preparation of EEBW 496 underway
- Consumption of Natural Gas in the Czech Republic
- Finance for Energy Savings in 1996
- Change of e-mail Address
- News at SEVEn in Internet
- Efficient Connections
- Wood back as Fuel
- Competition in Supplying Natural Gas ?
- Program for the Healing of the Atmosphere Coming to a Conclusion ?
- The Association for Wind Energy
- Company Close-Up
- Energy Efficiency Events in and about Central and Eastern Europe
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There is a Lack of Incentive to Conserve Energy
More and more, voices can be heard which identify household subsidies for
heat and hot water as the biggest obstacle to saving energy in the
residential sector. Together with rent control, this state interference is
the biggest impediment for those trying to make the ways of supplying
energy to apartments more sensible.
In all cases, the residents of apartments and houses rate the level of
their life style according to certain criteria. On the one hand, it is
a matter of providing appropriate conditions for the interior of the
apartment. Such things include heat, cleanliness, a healthy environment,
etc. The second goal is to achieve the desired interior surroundings at
the lowest possible expense. These two fundamental conditions are often
at variance with each other, and the problem is finding the optimal
balance between the quality of the living environment and the expenses
associated with it. In the given situation, where the supply of heat and
hot water represents 80% of the total energy consumed in households, the
problem of prices and consumption in other sectors of energy consumption
recede into the background. Why, then, does the lack of interest in energy
savings persist in the residential sector?
A key question during any attempt to change the existing situation is
incentive.
Neither heat-price subsidies nor rent control affects the owners of family
houses. Therefore, it is completely natural for them to take into
consideration how and at what cost to ensure the desired quality of the
living environment in their own apartments. The owners find themselves in
a market environment. Here, the discrepancy between set-up costs for
energy-saving measures and the generally low energy prices influenced by
subsidies on electricity and gas for households and by low coal prices
prevents the installation of a bigger number of units which save heat and
hot water.
In the case of rented apartments, the situation is much more difficult.
What incentive does the owner of an apartment block have to save heat and
hot water when he does not pay the bills on them? If, in spite of this,
the owner has an interest in investing in energy-saving measures, whether
to increase the value of his property or to deal with certain technical
problems, he will have yet another hurdle further on down the road. The
returns on invested capital are not guaranteed because it would not be
possible to increase the rents in the building in question due to rent
control. One possibility is to write a voluntary contract with the tenants
to make repayments in a way other than through rent. Yet what incentive do
tenants have to pay back investments which are not theirs and when the
installments will increase saved expenses on heat and hot water?
The implementation of concrete projects attests to the fact that
considerable heat and hot water savings can be attained by installing a
wide array of conservation measures. It is demonstrably a matter of
substantial energy savings, with an overall percentage well in the double
digits. However, it is precisely rent control with its abundance of
legislative obstacles and heat-price subsidies which prevents the number
of such projects from increasing further.
An plethora of questions present themselves, for which there are no simple
or definite answers. Among these belong inquiries such as:
* How long can the situation continue where almost nobody either
supplying or consuming heat or hot water in rented apartments
has any reason to save energy?
* When will tenants stop regulating the internal temperatures in
their apartments by opening windows?
* When will it be worthwhile for apartment block owners to
consider making long-term investments in their own property?
* How long will the state, from its own coffers which are filled
through taxation, support certain groups in the population
without regard to their social neediness?
Obviously, in trying to draw attention to the difficulties in implementing
energy-saving projects in households, there could be many more such
questions. It would clearly be beneficial if we were to run across similar
questions in the introductions of other articles. The ideal situation,
however, would be to not have to read such articles at all, since there
would be no need to write them.
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State Support for Energy Savings
Through the Czech Energy Agency, the Ministry of Industry and Trade
announced again this year programs using state support to reduce the
consumption of fuels and energy. The full wording of the programs, together
with conditions for those applying for state support for the aforementioned
goals and sample applications, was promulgated in the governmental
Commercial Bulletin on 21 February 1996.
As in the preceding year, 200 million crowns were made available to these
programs. The basic spheres of activity of these programs were divided
into several independent parts. In total, eight programs were announced.
These contain an entire series of subprograms specifying the exact use of
state support.
This year, programs to support technical measures to reduce consumption of
fuels and energy in buildings and apartments, to use renewable and
non-traditional sources of energy, and to initiate consultations in
the sphere of energy consumption are again under consideration. However,
the overall breakdown is different, and concerns the following topics:
1. Heat-supply and hot domestic water systems in apartment
buildings and apartment
2. School facilities
3. Hospital facilities
4. Public and commercial buildings
5. Using renewable and non-traditional energy sources
6. Housing units and developments
7. Industrial enterprises (up to 500 employees)
8. Consultations and education directed at energy efficient
consumption and environmental improvements
It is necessary to meet the level of minimal savings for customers,
In the case of comprehensive measures for residential buildings, for
example, this must be at least 50% of the original energy consumption
for heat and hot domestic water.
One positive aspect of the program this year is the bigger emphasis that
the Czech Energy Agency is putting on the assessment of individual
projects. It can only be hoped that this path will lead to improving
in the program structure in the coming years and will contribute to
increasing the attention paid to energy efficiency by government bodies.
Concluding note: The submission of applications for the program this year
was concluded on 29 March 1996
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Electricity Consumption in the Czech Republic
In 1989, the consumption of electricity in the Czech Republic reached
its highest level ever. According to results from analyses done in recent
years, the consumption of electricity in the Czech Republic should reach
1989 levels sometime in the year 2000; however, the chairperson of the
board of ČEZ Ltd., Petr Karas, stated not long ago that the historically
highest level of consumption will definitely be surpassed this year.
According to a ČEZ estimate, the purchase of electricity will increase
by 5-8 percent, to as much as 56.38 terawatt hours.
This year, the dynamic growth of small-scale consumption should start
to slow down, and large-scale consumption should start to increase. Last
year, in comparison to 1994, small-scale consumption increased, largely
as a result of the installation of direct electric heaters. The increase
was 11.2% over 1994 levels, and 25.5% over 1993 levels. Last year,
household consumption reached nearly 21 thousand gigawatt hours; in 1989,
it was something over 15 thousand gigawatt hours. Large-scale consumption
was one fifth less last year than it was in 1989, but after five years,
it saw its first increase, by 3.7%.
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EBRD to Help Boost Energy Efficiency in Hungary
A US$ 5 million (ECU 3.8 million) loan from the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, signed in December 1995, will allow the
Hungarian joint-stock company Prometheus Rt. to finance its ongoing
energy-saving activities and will support the development and growth of
Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) in the field of energy efficiency.
This loan will contribute significantly to the transition process in
Hungary and will help to develop a new sector, reduce energy consumption,
and increase the efficiency and competitiveness of local public and
private sector entities. The EBRD loan to Prometheus will enable the
company to invest in energy-saving equipment. The company will use the
loan proceeds for renovations, new parts and safety devices, and the
operation and maintenance of energy installation in private sector
business or public sector enterprises operating in Hungary.
The EBRD is the first international financial institution to lend for
such activity.
ESCOs are industrial companies which have extensive expertise and
experience in energy conservation. They are able to purchase, install,
and maintain for their clients (at the company's initial expense)
equipment needed to generate significant energy savings. They can also
accept the risk of being reimbursed proportionally to the real savings
obtained. ESCOs are paid through converting customer savings from reduced
energy costs to revenue and use a form of third-party financing. This type
of project enables private and public sector entities (such as prisons,
barracks, hospitals, and other public buildings) to realize their energy
conservation potential. The project will strengthen Prometheus´s business
and provide long-term cost saving for its clients through reduced energy
consumption, operation, and maintenance costs. Reduced energy consumption
will bring environmental benefits by lessening pollution caused by fuel
combustion. There will be macroeconomic benefits from reduced energy
imports.
Since 1992, Compagnie Generale de Chauffe (CGC) acquired more than 75 %
of Prometheus´s stock and restructured the formerly state-owned company,
with substantial results. CGC is the largest manager of energy systems in
Europe and is active worldwide as the leading subsidiary of Compagnie
Generale des Eaux in the field of thermal energy activities and related
environmental services.
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Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Inf
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Preparation of EEBW ´96 underway
This year, the international conference and exhibition ENERGY EFFICIENCY
BUSINESS WEEK will celebrate a special anniversary: from 5-7 November
1996, specialists from all over the world will gather together already
for the fifth time. What new things await you from EEBW'96?
Developments in the field of energy efficiency show that energy
conservation is not just an issue of a purely technological or economic
nature. In addition to directly reducing energy expenses, energy
efficiency projects are accompanied by a host of other positive effects:
from raising the quality of production, user comfort, and happiness of
employees and inhabitants, to environmental protection and preservation
of nature for future generations. What importance do these contributions
have in deciding between energy conservation and other investment
alternatives?
This year, in order to create a forum for a wider discussion of this
problem, SEVEn will supplement its traditional seminars on technology and
finance with a new theme: the philosophy of energy efficiency. How can we
bring together economic and non-economic factors so that together they
will support a more efficient use of energy? What influence does an
individual have on this process - particularly in relation to his
managerial skills, communication ability, and business ethics?
The technologically oriented seminars will be devoted solely to new
trends and developments in energy conservation technology. The financial
seminars will address issues of a practical nature: how to effectively
present a project to a financial institution; where to turn if you are
looking for financing; and how to make use of innovative methods of
financing.
Even the structure of the conference will undergo changes in regard to
those of past years. In addition to lecture sessions the EEBW schedule
will include a new poster session. This will allow participants to become
acquainted with the specific results of research work, projects, and
programs. It will also offer greater possibility for graphic presentations
and discussions among those interested in specific issues.
Another part of EEBW this year will be an accompanying exhibition of
cutting-edge energy efficiency technologies. Visitors to the exhibition
will also note a few innovations: one of these will be an independent
exposition devoted to energy efficient households and offices. Exhibitors
will again be able to apply for the title NEGAWATT96 for the most energy
efficient technology or project of the year.
Contacts: Martin Dazek - conference,
Martina Diduzkova - exhibition, phone: ++42-2-2424 7552
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Consumption of Natural Gas in the Czech Republic
Overall, users consumed 7768 million m3 of natural gas last year.
Large-scale users consumed roughly 67%; medium-scale users, 10%; and
households, 23%. Since 1991, consumption by large-scale users
significantly decreased; and in 1994, it reached its lowest level since
1989 - 4618 million m3. The increase in gas sales to households and
small-scale enterprises partially made up for the drop in industrial
consumption.
Since 1991, the number of municipalities supplied with natural gas
increased by 2.5 times. Last year, it reached 1134, and the length of
local networks, including connection mains, reached 22,605 km. Residents
use gas mostly for heating, which causes seasonal imbalances in
consumption levels - from May to September, consumption levels
dramatically decline. Industrial consumption also generally reaches its
nadir in July.
The three-year importing contract signing in January obligates the
Russian firm Gazexport in Moscow to supply the Czech Republic with 8-9
billion cubic meters of natural gas annually. However, as a result of
increased demand, other contracts were also signed, including, among
others, one with the German firm Winterschall in the first half of this
year.
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Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Inf
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Finances for Energy Saving in 1996
We would like to draw attention to the fact that, in the second quarter
of this year, the third edition of the annual publication "Finances for
Energy Saving in 1996" will be released. This publication helps to
familiarize the reader with potential sources of financing, and also
contains contact addresses and telephone numbers where it is possible
to get more detailed information. In addition to financial sources, the
publication also contains information on tax breaks, possibilities to get
bank guarantees, and insurance.
Thanks to cooperation with the International Institute for Energy
Conservation (IIEC), this year's edition will be expanded to include
foreign sources.
For the time being, this publication is only available in Czech.
Naturally, if there is enough interest, an English version could also
be produced.
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Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Inf
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Change of e-mail Address
Are you connected to us by e-mail? Or would you like to send us messages
through this medium? If so, please make note of our new e-mail address:
SEVEn@ecn.cz
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Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Information SEVEn-Inf
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News at SEVEn in Internet
Now you can also find the newsletter and other information from SEVEn on
the Internet at the following address:
http://www.ecn.cz/env/energ/organ/seven.htm
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EFFICIENCY CONNECTIONS
Rotaflex Super - Heat and Sound Insulation
The firm UNION Lesnm brana, with headquarters in Dubm u Teplic in Bohemia,
makes its line of heat and sound insulation products under the commercial
name Rotaflex Super. These products have a glass-fiber base and are
manufactured using modern technology. Production is executed in the Czech
Republic under the direction of the American firm Glass Incorporated
International.
The factory was established in 1873, and at the beginning is main product
was glass. At the end of the 1950s, the production of glass fiber was
initiated using technology from Staple, which is known under the
commercial name Fibrex. In 1970, a new production line of heat and sound
insulation was started in the factory under the name Rotaflex. In 1992,
a license for glass-fiber production was bought from the American firm GII.
This license meets the strictest quality standards.
This product line fulfills all of the needs of the construction industry.
The products are certified and monitored by laboratories in Germany,
Denmark, Austria, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic. Certification is ready
in Poland. The products meet DIN 18165 standards. According to DIN 4102
standards, they are classified under the fire-resistance category A 2,
that is, inflammable in use up to 250°C. They have no problems in regard
to health and hygiene, are resistant to mildew, and do not harm the
environment.
Rotaflex products can be used for the weatherization of attic spaces,
heat insulation of floors, heat and sound insulation of interior walls
with the use of sheeting, heat insulation of facades, and in water-treated
multilayered walls. Another possible use for Rotaflex products is to
insulate railway cars, mobile homes, and freezers and other technical
equipment.
The product line is made with a heat-transfer value of 0.035 to 0.040 W/mK.
To give an easier idea of its heat-insulation characteristics, it is
possible to replace 20 cm of brick with one centimeter of Rotaflex. Mats
and boards with aluminum foil, paper, and textured-glass surfacing can be
made upon order. In addition, products with textured-glass surfacing have
excellent acoustic properties.
The company is looking for business partners to expand the use of its
products in construction and other sectors.
UNION Lesnm brana, Ltd.
Novosedlicka 125
417 03 Dubí u Teplic
phone: ++42-417-3151, 219 32, 427 80
fax: ++42-417-200 86, 402 27
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Electricity Directly from the Sun
The production and development company SOLARTEC, Ltd. was founded in 1993
with headquarters in Ronov pod Radhotm. Its focus is on making use of
sunlight for the direct production of electricity. It specializes in the
production of single-crystal photovoltaic cells with a high efficiency
and long life, and in the sale of photovoltaic applications.
In addition to solar-cell production, the firm focuses on comprehensive
customer service, which they also extend to their business partners. It
also offers a consultation service and training supporting the spread of
photovoltaic technology.
Its other production and distribution interests could be summarized by the
following points:
* photovoltaic systems and accessories, among which are:
* solar panels (nominal voltage 10 V, output up to 90 W)
* regulators with accumulators (nominal voltage 12 V and
24 V respectively, output 40 -220 W)
* accumulators (solar and standard lead 12 V)
* converters (input voltage 12 or 24 V ss, output
voltage 220 V, frequency 50 Hz, output 150 to 2250 W)
* portable photovoltaic mini-panels (nominal voltage 3 - 12 V, output
to 10W)
* low-voltage electric appliances converted to run on photovoltaic
systems - wall and hanging lights, pumps, etc. (predominantly on 12 V ss)
* special single-purpose photovoltaic appliances - a solar NiCd battery
charger, a solar Pieta lamp, etc.
* photovoltaic cells and sections (single-crystal silicon, with up to 16%
efficiency and a size up to 102 x 102 mm)
* customer services giving advice, assessing parameters for solar-energy
systems and warranties, and taking care of warranties
Through its activities, the firm would like to contribute to preserving
the environment by making use of the cleanest known form of electric
energy. In the production process, both Czech and foreign components are
used with an emphasis on quality.
At the present time, the firm is building up its retailing, installation,
and service network. Therefore, it is looking for partners in the
distribution, sale, and installation of its products including its
warranty service. It is likewise looking for firms to cooperate in sales
and related activities abroad.
SOLARTEC Ltd.
1. maje 1000/M3 Your partners:
756 61 Ronov pod Radhotm Ing. Jarmomr xehak director
phone: ++42-651-563377 Ing. Jixm Bartek sales, consultation
fax/phone: ++42-651-563393
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Wood back as Fuel
The municipal council of Vemyslice u Tna nad Vltavou put into operation
a waste wood burning unit, with the help of which it is now possible to
heat a school building, nurseries, office space of the municipal council,
and a local cafe. The mayor of the town, Josef Lejhar, states that he got
his inspiration at the Zem ivitelka exhibition.
The town has sixty hectares of forest, and it is necessary to regularly
keep it clean. Investment in a boiler fired by wood chips, a backup
wood-fired boiler, a wood chipper, and heat piping including radiators
reached the amount of CZK 560 thousand, which represents 1/8 of the total
municipal budget. According to the mayor, the investment will pay itself
back in five years if the revenue from waste-management is not included
in the calculation. At the output of 130 kW, the all-day operation of
the installed boiler, which is made by the firm jamata Vitljovic na
Prachaticku, burns about three cubic meters of wood containing 50%
moisture. From each ton of chips and sawdust will originate 10 kg of ash,
about which local gardeners have expressed enormous interest.
Contact: Village Council Vemyslice, phone: ++42-334-21737
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Competition in Supplying Natural Gas?
The Private heska plynarenska (PHP) joint-stock company was founded at
the end of last year. Yet there is already a relatively large degree of
interest in its services. Interested parties include, above all,
municipalities which have been denied gas connections and those who have
waited in vain for years to get connected to the Czech gas system.
Among the areas which the PČP would like to outfit for gas in the near
future are, for example, the areas around the town Opočno, Dobrušky with
adjoining municipalities, and areas in and around the town of Přibyslav.
According to a statement by the chief director of PČP, ing. Ivan Noveský,
the company guarantees that it will not go over the normal price of
natural gas in a given region.
However, there is a problem concerning the necessary business license,
which the Ministry of Industry and Trade has not yet granted the PČP. It
is not yet clear how to interpret Article 222/94 on doing business in the
energy field. The ministry and the new competitive firms have differences
of opinion which may even have to be resolved in court. There is a similar
situation related to various interpretations of this law in the field of
electric energy as well.
Contact: Privátní česká plynarenská a.s., Prague, phone: ++42-2-822820
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The Program on Healing the Atmosphere Coming to a Conclusion?
In the framework of the Program on Healing the Atmosphere, state support
of 6.1 billion crowns over the course of four years was offered to
projects aimed at reducing local emissions (see NEWS at SEVEn, numbers
3/94 and 1/95).
The first round of applications for inclusion in the program was concluded
by the Ministry of the Environment CR on 31 October 1995. Overall, more
than four thousand applications for project support were accepted. Their
estimated investment costs exceeded 45 billion crowns.
Out of this total number, less than a thousand applications will finally
be approved; however, more than 90% of the applicants for gas conversion
projects will receive funding. Over the course of time, this program has
become an auxiliary tool in the development of widespread gas conversion
with an emphasis on building up a corresponding infrastructure.
Almost three fourths of the entire number of municipalities in the country
submitted applications. Yet only roughly 14% of the municipalities in the
republic will receive support.
The environmental benefits will be significant. According to estimates,
there will be, after 1997, annual emission reductions of 29,624 thousand
tons of particulates, 32,314 thousand tons of SO2, and 5811 thousand tons
of NOx.
Despite the fact that many of the applicants will not receive support
from the Program on Healing the Atmosphere, the final effects will be
positive overall.
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The Association for Wind Energy
The Czech Association for Wind Energy brings together 160 individuals
interested in both the theoretical and practical aspects of wind energy.
On the basis of an order from the Energy Agency ČR, the Institute of
Atmospheric Physics AV ČR worked out in 1994-1995 a computer program to
evaluate the wind conditions for a random locality on our territory with
the marking VAS. This program makes it possible to determine the probable
average annual wind speed, the probable margin of error, and the
reliability of the data for a given height above sea level and for a given
locality, whether in the form of coordinates or as a selected place on a
displayed map. These determinations are made by breaking down the
surrounding terrain into four categories, from flat terrain to very
broken mountainous terrain. It is possible to establish the probable
wind-speed profile at a heigth from 10 to 40 meters at a selected
wind-power plant which would correspond to the concrete parameters of
surface unevenness. It is also possible to determine the probable annual
production of energy. To estimate the energy produced in the above
manner, output curves for 35 different types of wind-power plants are
available.
In the event that it is necessary to make corrections during calculations,
a certain familiarity with physical properties of the lowest level of the
atmosphere would be helpful. The aforementioned software can be ordered
and bought, or it is possible to order only an evaluation of wind
conditions of a concrete locality.
Contact: RNDr.Josef Štekl, CSc., Prague, phone: ++42-2-764336
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COMPANY CLOSE-UP
The Association for District Heating and
the Foundation for Environmentally Friendly Heating
Five years ago, the biggest domestic heat suppliers decided to form
a consortium which is today called the Heating Association, with
headquarters in Pardubice. From the original 18 members, its membership
base reached 127 by the end of March this year when its plenary session
was held. In addition to producers and suppliers of heat, participants
in the association include developers and suppliers of technology for
the heating industry, design and research organizations, and universities.
The association strives to defend the interests of its members and those
of the heating industry to the highest degree possible. In addition, the
Ministry of Industry and Trade entrusted the association with the mission
of representing the Czech heating industry abroad. The association is also
a member of the international organization Euroheat & Power, with
headquarters in Paris. The association offers services to its members
which would not be economical for individual companies to extend.
The Foundation for Environmentally Friendly Heating was founded this year
for the purpose of raising public awareness on the economical use of
energy and on modern heat production, which contributes to saving the
environment through the joint production of heat and electricity. The goal
of the foundation is to educate the lay public and specialist communities
on how to make the production and management of energy compatible with
the principles of the state energy policies and with sustainable economic
development. Given that Czech households consume as much as four fifths
of their energy in providing heat and hot domestic water, the savings
associated with the consumption of heat energy could be interesting not
only for the national economy, but also for the pocketbooks of all
household end users.
The Foundation for Environmentally Friendly Heating welcomes your
support, and is accepting donations through its account at the Pardubice
branch of the Komerční Bank, number 19-2513600297/0100.
Contact: phone ++42-40-45678, 42386
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Energy Efficiency Events in and about Central and Eastern Europe
April - June 1996
TEPLO OSTRAVA
Fourth annual exhibition on heating, air conditioning, and ventilation
PalAc kultury a sportu Ostrava, Czech Republic, 17 - 19 April1996
Contact: Agentura 7 - exhibitions and fairs
Phone: ++42-69-660 3288, 660 3289, Fax: ++42-69-660 3284
PRAGOREGULA
Eighteenth annual international trade fair on monitoring, control, and
regulation technology
Výstaviště Praha, Czech Republic, 23 - 26 April 1996
Contact: Incheba Prague
Phone: ++42-2-241 952 01, 241 952 37, Fax: ++42-2-241 952 86
INTERGAS
Fifth annual international fair on gas technology, appliances, and
installations
Palác kultury Praha, Czech Republic, 24 -26 April 1996
Contact: Arrow Trade s.r.o. Prague
Phone: ++42-2-667 100 69, Fax: ++42-2-801 961
ENVIRO NITRA
International exhibition on environmental conservation
Nitra, Slovak Republic, 24 - 28 April 1996
Contact: Agrokomplex - Nitra
Phone: ++42-87-536 848, Fax: ++42-87-535 330
AQUA-THERM BUDAPEST
International fair on heating, sanitation technology, and
environmental conservation technology
Budapest, Hungary, 30 April - 4 May 1996
Contact: HUNGEXPO Co. Ltd.
Phone: ++36-1-263 6000, Fax: ++36-1-263 6090
RACIOENERGIA
International exhibition on rationalization of fuel and
energy consumption and the use of renewable secondary energy sources
Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 14 - 17 May 1996
Contact: Incheba, a.s. Bratislava
Phone: ++42-7-80 22 15, Fax: ++42-7-80 20 55
FOR HABITAT
Third international housing fair
Výstaviště Strahov Praha, Czech Republic, 16 - 19 May 1996
Contact: ABF Foundation Prague
Phone: ++42-2-2422 9284, Fax: ++42-2-2421 2006
ENERGO BRNO
International fair on energy conservation equipment
Výstaviště Brno, Czech Republic, 20 - 24 May 1996
Contact: Brněnské veletrhy a výstavy Ltd. Brno
Phone: ++42-5-411 511 11, 411 521 68, Fax: ++42-5-411 529 99, 411 530 79
CEPEX
Central European energy exhibition
Výstaviště Brno, Czech Republic, 21 - 23 April 1996
Contact: Brněnské veletrhy a výstavy Ltd.. Brno
Phone: ++42-5-411 511 11, 411 521 68, Fax: ++42-5-411 529 99, 411 530 79
FOR ECO
Third annual exhibition on heat savings and building reconstruction
Areál Kounicova 67, Brno, Czech Republic, 29 - 31 May 1996
Contact: ABF Foundation Prague
Phone: ++42-2-2422 9284, Fax: ++42-2-2421 2006
EKO - PRAHA
Exhibition on ecological technology
Kongresové centrum Praha, Czech Republic, 3 - 6 June 1996
Contact: VUSTE - ASPIS, Prague
Phone: ++42-2-311 4261, 243 102 90, Fax: ++42-2-243 103 68, 242 105 09
GAS-THERMOCLIMA
Equipment for production, distribution, storage, and consumption of gas
Výstaviště Trenčín, Slovak Republic, 5 -7 June 1996
Contact: Výstavisko TMM, Ltd. Trenčín
Phone: ++42-831-53 23 82, Fax: ++42-831-357 49
NEFTEGAS
Exhibition and conference on oil and gas
Moscow, Russia, 17- 22 June 1996
Contact: CS Crossland
Phone: ++42-2-478 1680, 478 1683, Fax: ++42-2-478 1687
CZECHOTHERM
Heating, tubing, pumps, monitoring, regulation, ventilation, cooling,
insulation, installation aids and tools, and the ecology
Výstaviště České Budějovice, Czech Republic, 19 - 22 June 1996
Contact: Park Centrum České Budějovice
Phone: ++42-38-434 90, 424 80
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News at SEVEn is produced in English and Czech quarterly by SEVEn, The
Energy Efficiency Center and is supported by the C.S. Mott Foundation.
Circulation: English version - 2000; Czech version - 1000. SEVEn
strives to promote energy efficiency in order to support economic
development and protect the environment. The newsletter informs
members of the energy community about current energy efficiency events
and developments in the Czech Republic and welcomes outside
submissions. SEVEn is located at Slezska 7, Praha 2. Address: SEVEn,
P.O.Box 39, 120 56 Prague 2, Czech Republic. Phone: 42-2-2424-7552,
Fax: 42-2-2424-7597, E-mail: seven@ecn.cz
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