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ID: 65180
Title: Evaluation of the metrological characteristics of natural and treated waters withstable salt composition identification method
Author: Valentyna loboichenko,Vladimir andronov and Victor Strelec
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (9) Sep 18 page 643-652.2018
Subject: Evaluation of the metrological characteristics of natural and treated waters withstable salt composition identification method
Keywords: Water quality, Identification, conductivity, identification coefficient, Uncertainty
Abstract: The research paper contains the analysis of surface and groundwaters quality evaluation approaches. It has been stated that the initial stage of waters identification can be carried out with the help of one or a a range of criteria. Known identification approaches are expensive, time-consuming identification method based on the initial water electrical conductivity as well as the identification coefficient measurement are suggested to use. The method is express, inexpensive, simple in implementation and environment friendly. As illustrated by the selection from 35 natural and treated water samples, the metrological characteristics of the method have been measured, precisely the uncertainty according to type A and B as well as the expanded uncertainty have been defined. It has been also demonstrated that the value of the standard total uncertainty is influenced by both type A and B uncertianty .In addition, it has been presumed that he relative expanded uncertainty of natural and treated waters with stable salt composition identification method is not more than 4 % for waters with the mineralization of 0.005-30 gm.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abbasi,T. an S.A. Abbasi. 2012.Water quality indices (1st edn). Akayzina ,A.E. et al.2015.A method of determining the source express and contamination of water. Patent Ru 2567733.31:7.
Literature cited 2: Andronov.V., B.Pospelov and E.Rybka.2016.Increase of accuracy of definition of temperature by sensors of fire alarms in real conditions of fire on objects. Eastern European J. Enterprise Tech., 4 (5-82): 38-44. Chapman,D. 1996.Water quality assessment -A guide to use o biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring. UNESCO/WHO/UNEP/CRC Press, London.

ID: 65179
Title: Evaluating the efficiency of Putrescible organic waste for h removal of acidic dyes employing artificial neural network modeling
Author: Meena Sundari Perumalsamy
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (9) Sep 18 page 709-723.
Subject: Evaluating the efficiency of Putrescible organic waste for h removal of acidic dyes employing artificial neural network modeling
Keywords: Purescible organic waste (POW), Freundlich Langmuir, Artificial neuralnetwork, (ANN) modeling, Van't Hoff, Desorption
Abstract: The present work focuses on preparation of activated carbon from putrescible organic wastes. Activated carbon were characterized and phosphoric acid impregnated carbon (PAC) which had a surface are of about 603.7 m2/ gm with porous and amorphous structure was selected for the study. It was utilized for the removal of acidic dyes, such as acid orange 8 (AO8) and acid red 52 (AR52). For both the dyes Langmuir isotherm fitted well. Pseudo second order kinetics was followed by the dyes. Spontaneity and endothermic nature of the reaction was proved by Van't hoff plot. Study also found that acid orange 8 could be easily desorbed than acid red 52.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alipanahpour Dil, E. et al. 2016.J.Ind. Eng. Chem., 34:186-197. Aseel, M. et al. 2007. Arab.J.Chem.,10 (2): 53381-53393.
Literature cited 2: Asif Tahir, M.Haq Nawaz Bhatti and Munawar Iqbal. 2016. J. Env. Chem. Eng.Chem.4(2):2431-2439. Atul Maldhure, V. and J.D. Ekhe. 2011. Chem.Eng.J.168:1103-1111.

ID: 65178
Title: Carbon sequestration in Hevea brasiliensis plantations: A case study from India
Author: K.S. Shoba Jasmin
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 700-704.
Subject: Carbon sequestration in Hevea brasiliensis plantations: A case study from India
Keywords: Plantations, carbon sequestration, Hevea brasiliensis, Kanyakumari, CO2 mitigation
Abstract: The effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and mitigation of CO2 attracted attention and found a place in the budget of different states all over the world. Co2 mitigation gained prominenece from the second half of the 20 centuries with initiatives taken by the institutions of international importance. Biotic and abiotic sequestration techniques are validated with additionality, permanence and leakage and biotic carbon sequestration through terretrial ecosystems was identified as a viable option due to its low cost. In this context, the present paper attempted to estimate the carbon sequestration potential of Hevea brasiliensis plantations in Kanyakumari, the southern-most district of India. The development of market mechanism for sequestered carbon widened the investment opportunities and provides economics incentives to the plantares in counties enormous forest resources. The carbon flux of plantations will provide a time span for policy makers to arrive at a convincing solution for sustainable development. The present study estimated that the Hevea brasiliensis plantations of Kanyakumari district is sequestering 647069 t CO2 and thereby eligible to earn $19.41 million through carbon trading.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Atkinson, G. and G.S. Haripriya. 2006.Accounting for India's Foret Wealth. Eco. Econ, 59 (4): 462-476. Benitez, P.C. ETAL. 2007.Global potential for carbon sequestration: Geographical distribution, country risk and policy implications. Eco. Econ., 60 (3): 572-583.
Literature cited 2: Conti, D.S.J. 2008.Carbon sequestrations part of the global warming solution-Using software to combine environmental stewardship with economic benefit. Forest. Chron., 84 (2): 1-4. Forest Survey of India. 2007.State of Forest report.

ID: 65177
Title: An overview of vaious methods available for the removal of poly aromatic hydrocarbons -A review
Author: J.Aravind kumar, D. Joshua Amarnath, Gurushave Aarthi and Dvya Vilasini
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 696-699.
Subject: An overview of vaious methods available for the removal of poly aromatic hydrocarbons -A review
Keywords: Overview, removal ofpoly aromatic hydrocarbons
Abstract: Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons, the structurally related chemicals consist of aromatic rings with no substitution. They are a very potent class of environmental pollutants causing harmful effects to the environment. The paper describes the removal of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from wastewater and soil contaminants by using various techniques, such as physico-chemical methods, biological treatment, UV treatment, ozone treatment and photo catalytic degradation. The stuyd involves the evaluation of best technique employed for the removal of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ali Belati, et al. 2011.Comparison of the efficiency of meso-porous silica as absorbents for removing napththalene from contaminated water. European J. Env. Sci., 4 (1): 69-78. Arodi, B. Martinez, et al. 2007.Ozone pretreatment as improvever of PAH removal during anaerobic digestion of urban sludge. Chemosphere. 68 (6): 1013-1019.
Literature cited 2: Ayanda, O.S. 2014.Occurrence, fate and treatment methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphhenyls, dioxins and furans: A mini review .J.Mater.Sci., 2 (4) :14-24. Gaya, U.I. Emmanuel otene and A.H. Abadullah.2015.Adsorption of aqueous Cd (ii) and Pb (ii) on activated carbon manopores prepared by chemical activation of doum palm shell. Springer Plus. 28 (4): 458-467.

ID: 65176
Title: Artificial recharge by surface runoff harvesting from perennial rivers
Author: K.Suryanarayana,A.Vara Prasad, N.Natarajan and K. Govind Sourabh
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 692-695
Subject: Artificial recharge by surface runoff harvesting from perennial rivers
Keywords: Artificial recharge, Surface runoff harvesting, perennial rivers
Abstract: A majority of cities and town in the whole country are dependent on groundwater for their drinking water supply. This resource is being exploited unrestrictedly due to shortage of surface water supply. The groundwater withdrawal has increased tremendously over the last few decades. The groundwater quality has been adversely affected due to various human activities. The need of the hour is urgent remedial management measures to overcome these problems and also to provide a sustainable resource for the future generations. Rainwater harvesting has been used in the past but this is beneficial only during the monsoon seasons. Therefore, it is essential to switchover to remedial measures, such as runoff water harvesting to recharge the groundwater and arrest the declining trend of groundwater level and quality deterioration. In our country majority of the rainfall reaches the sea and thus remains inaccessible for human consumption. In this paper, a novel technique for recharging the groundwater aquifer using surface water from the perennial rivers is being proposed so as to provide a constant subsurface recharge throughout the year. Moreover, this recharge can be used to fill the surrounding percolation tanks, ponds, etc. Which would immensely benefit the neighborhood in terms of crop irrigation and drinking water supply. In addition, this technique can reduce the soil erosion in the perennial rivers and enhance the fertility of the dry lands in the vicinity of the recharge area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kranth, K.R.1989.Groundwater assessment, development and management. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi
Literature cited 2:

ID: 65175
Title: Bioconversion of Banana Pseudostem to Bioethanol
Author: Jyoshnamayee Patra, Subhashree Pattnayak, Nabin Kumar Dhal and Biswajit Rath
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 687-691.
Subject: Bioconversion of Banana Pseudostem to Bioethanol
Keywords: Agriculture,biomass, fermentation, hydrolysis, pretreatment
Abstract: Banana pseudostem acts as potential feedstock for biofuel production but, their conversion into fermentable sugars is a major complication. The present investigation reveals the production of ethanol from the banana pseudostem with the help of biological treatment using white rot fungi, like Phanerochaete chrysospreium carried out by SMC (submerge) and solid state (SSC) cultivation. The hydrolysis was done by Aspergilus niger, Aspergillus fumigates, Trichoderma reesei and mixed culture of all fungus. Finally, the fermentation was done by Saccharomyces cerevisae, Pichia stipitis and Candida shehatae. At solid state cultivation condition phanerochaete chrysosporium using Trichoderma reesai fermented by Pichia stiptis gives better result in case of pseudostem.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bhatia, L.S. Johri and R.Ahmad.2012.An economic and ecological perspective of ethanol production from renewable agrowaste: A review. AMB Express.2:65. Gutierrez-Correa, M. and R.P. Tengerdy. 1997.Production of cellulose on sugarcane bagasse by fungal mixed culture solid substrate fermentation. Biotech. Lett., 19:665-667.
Literature cited 2: Han, M., et al. 2009.Bioethanol production from ammonia percolated wheat straw. Biotech. Bioprocess Eng.,14:606-611. Kumar, P. et al.2009.Methods for pretreatment of ligno-cellulosic biomass for efficient hydrolysis and biofuel production.

ID: 65174
Title: A case study on the comparison of PM2.5 mass concentration measured by beta attenuation monitor and gravimetric method
Author: Deepak Sinha
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 683-686.
Subject: A case study on the comparison of PM2.5 mass concentration measured by beta attenuation monitor and gravimetric method
Keywords: PM 2.5, mass concentration, Beta attenuation monitor, gravimetric method
Abstract: Particulate air pollution, specifically PM 2.5 is known to cause cardiovascular diseases in human being9Wang et al., 2015). Because of its health effect, it is a major parameter of the National Ambient Air quality standards (NAAQS). In the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, three methods of the measurement of PM 2.5 are recommended. In this study, two such measurement methods were used simultaneously and compared at various locations at Raipur city in Chhattisgarh state. Gravimetric method has been one o he conventional methods for the measurement of PM 2.5 and has been approved by US EPA as reference method, also by many governing bodies. With the recent advancement in the field of technology there are several methods, which are almost equivalent to the gravimetric method. Among these, beta attenuation monitor (BAM) is the most widely acclaimed technology used all over the world for several years. In this work, PM 2.5 was sampled using a filter-based gravimetric sampling method and direct reading instruments (that is beta attenuation monitor) a location in Raipur city, namely Naya Raipur monitoring station during Diwali festival week and mass concentration results were compared. In general, we observed that the deviation in the results obtained by both the methods is larger when ambient relative humidity is high (>50%)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Arhami,M., et al. 2010.Organic compound characterization and source apportionment of indoor and outdoor Quasi-ultrafine particulate matter in retirement homes of Los Angeles Basin. Indoor Air.20 (1): 17-30. CPCB. 2009.Revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Notification. Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.
Literature cited 2: Chueinta, W. and P.K. Hopke.2010.Beta gauge for aerosol mass measurement .Aerosol Sci. and Tech., 35 (4) :840-843. Gehrig,R., e t al. 2005. Anew method to link PM 10 concentrations from automatic monitors to the manual gravimetric reference method according to EN1234. Atmos. Env., 39:2213-2223.

ID: 65173
Title: Combination of hydrothermal and chemical activation process to prepare high surface area activated carbon from Sterculia foetida seed shells and its removal of mercury
Author: shwini Ashok,Abilarasu Anamalai,Kalaivani Raman, Shanmugaraj Adikkadu Masilamani and Raghu Subashchandrabose
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 677-682.
Subject: Combination of hydrothermal and chemical activation process to prepare high surface area activated carbon from Sterculia foetida seed shells and its removal of mercury
Keywords: Activated carbon (AC), heavy metal, Sterculia foetida, biomass, adsorption
Abstract: In this present work, activated carbon (AC) prepared from Sterculia foetida seed sheels plant by the combination of hydrothermal and chemical activation method. To remove the heavy metal prepared activated carbon is used as an adsorbent. Here, it is demonstrated the use of hydrothermal carbonization-derived activated carbon for such an application. The morphology of carbon and activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron micoscopy (SEM).Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) was used to confirm activation. Surface area and pore size analysis results allow for comparison of the degree of activation. The experiments were conceded by to study the adsorption phenomenon by varying parameters, like contact time, metal concentration and adsorbent dosage. The data obtained from this study were assessed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. Among the equilibrium data, Freundlich isotherm is well adapted and implies that the metal adsorption on activated carbon is heterogeneous. The kinetic data were established to follow closely the pseudo-second order model. The surface morphology of the activated carbon was observed by XRD and BET. The maximum adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon for the removal of mercury ion was determined 89%.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Akikol, I. 2005.Heavy metal removal from water with the activated carbons developed with different activation methods. MSc. Thesis in Chemical Engineering. Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. Al-Othman, Z.A.2012.Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous medium by activated carbon prepared from peanut shell: Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics studies. Chem. Eng. J., 184: 238-247.
Literature cited 2: Ali Gundogdu, Celal Duran, et al. 2012.Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution on a low-cost activated carbon produced from tea industry waste: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamics study. J. Chem. Eng. Data. 57 (10): 2733-2743. Clark, A., 1974.The chemisorptive bond: Baic concepts. Academic Press, New York and London.

ID: 65172
Title: Experimental study on water for flow uniformity
Author: G.Senthil kumar,Yalavarthi Dharma Teja,Yarlagadda Manikanta Sai, Talachutla Chandra Mouli and Sriram Karthik
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 671-676.
Subject: Experimental study on water for flow uniformity
Keywords: Flow separation, Velocity, film thickness, drag coeficient, spillway weir
Abstract: Many radioactive problems due to the non uniform cooling o reactor components in sodium cooled fast breeder reactors signified the importance of spillway weir system. The spillway weir profiles play a predominant role in the cooling of sodium cooled fast breeder reactor components and many chemical processing units. The profiling of weir had been a critical issue need to be considered regarding flow separation point of view. The separation of sodium flow causes entrainment of argon cover gas and hence reactivity problems. This paper describes the effect of sill way profile on flow separation studies, measurement of velocity of water for achieving uniform conditions, measurement of film thickness and drag coefficient of water for various flow rates. In this experiment, sodium had been simulated as water and argon as air considering the Froude number and Webner number and results are highlighted. This paper aims to bring out the suitable hydraulic design and production of profile which suits to minimize the flow separation of water over the crest of the weir. The thickness of water over the weir profile directly influences the flow separation. A water flow velocity meter had been used to measure the velocity of water in the upstream side and an ultrasonic sensor with Arduino and LCD setup had been for measuring the film thickness of water in cyclindrical coordinates. Based on the measurements taken, mean drag coefficient had been arrived.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chanson, H.1995.Predicting oxygen content downstream o weirs, sillways and water ways. Proceedings of the institution of civil Engineers, water and Maritime Eng., 112 (1): 20-30 Cros, R. Del Beccaro and S. Aita. Thermal protection of the rapid 1500 main vessel by means of a spillway. SMIRT-9.Lausanne, Switzerland. Proceedings, Vol. E.pp 73-80.
Literature cited 2: Equchi, Y. and N. Tajaka. 1990.luid elastic vibration of Flexible overflow weir. JSME Int. J., Series III. 33(3): 323-329. Felder, S. and H. Chandson.2009.Turbulence, dynamic similarity and scale effects in high velocity free surface flows above a stepped chute Experiments in Fluids. 47(1): 1-18.

ID: 65171
Title: Study of Ganga river health condition based on water quality indicators with environemtnal aspects and adaptation strategies thereof
Author: Pankaj Kumar Roy, Sudipa Halder, Swetasree Nag ,Malabika Biswas Roy and Arunbha Majumder
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 659-670.
Subject: Study of Ganga river health condition based on water quality indicators with environemtnal aspects and adaptation strategies thereof
Keywords: Water quality index (WQI), Ganga river,idol immersion, rapid assessment
Abstract: The challenge on environmental sustainability before India is taking a frightful shape when it comes to the pollution of water. The long stretch of Ganga which is regarded as the holy flow is being messed up by the different anthropogenic activities. Ganga has now become contaminated in its many arms giving rise to a question to our water availability. There has been a long tradition of idol immersion and is too popular in the Ghats of Kolkata whose harmful effects are creating alteration on various components of a river f which water and soil are the most prominent. In this study in order to curb such situation and to establish a rapid assessment the physico-chemical parameters of water samples were collected from different hotspot areas at before and after idol immersion activity and were analyzed as prescribed by APHA guideline. Soil samples were also collected from the same position and tested accordingly in the laboratory of School of water resources Engineering. Jadavpur University. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated using the result indicated an increase in pollution load after immersion and quality deterioration characteristics change as well. The water quality index values reflected that an overall water quality is getting deteriorated at a greater extent immediately when the idol immersion process is going on. The result also highlighted that higher amount of lead was used as a raw material received in the river Ganga which may come from idol immersion. Thus, it can be concluded that the overall health condition of river Ganga is getting hampered which may reduce the saturation value of dissolved oxygen and disturb the ecological flow at higher rate near by the bank.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Banec, Z. et al. 2012.Contamination and ecological assessmt of heavy metals in the sediment of Turban River, Bangladesh: An index approach. Bhandari, N.S. and K. Nayal. 2007.Correlation study on physico-chemical parameters and quality assessment of Kosi River water, Uttarakhand.E-J.Chmistry. 5 (2): 342-346.
Literature cited 2: Boah, D.K., S.B. Twan and K.B. Pelig-Ba.2014. Mathematical computation of water quality index of Vena Dam in upper east region of Ghana. Env. Sci., 3 (1): 11-16. CPCB. 2010.Guidelines for idol immersion. Central pollution Control Board, New Delhi.

ID: 65170
Title: Second law analysis of small scale organic Rankine cycle
Author: Saurabh Pathak, Apoorva Jha and S.K. Shukla
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 653-658.
Subject: Second law analysis of small scale organic Rankine cycle
Keywords: Waste heat, organic rankine cycle (ORC ), Exergy analysis, Exergy efficiency
Abstract: This paper essentially consists of energy and exergy analysis of a solar powered organic rankine cycle (ORC). R245fa has been used as the working fluid in this low-temperature organic rankine cycle for 1 kW power generation. The exergetic efficiency and exergy destruction rates are calculated for this system using second law analysis. The results show that the energetic efficiency reaches its peak value of 7.53 % while exergetic efficiency is found to have a peak efficiency of32.36%at the same inlet expander temperature. Also, the maximum exergy destruction occurs in the evaporator rather than in the condenser as evident by this analysis. It may be inferred that performances of any organic rankine cycle can be estimated by exergetic efficiency more precisely than energetic efficiency. The goal of this research is to highlight that this kind of system can be used for generating electrical power in buildings.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bracco, Roberto, et al. 2013.Experimenal tests and modelization of a domestic-scale ORC (organic rankine cycle).Energy, 58: 107-116.Delgado-Torres, A.M. and L. Garcia-Rodriguez. 2010.Analysis and optimization of the low temperature solar organic rankine cycle (ORC). Energy Convers. Manage., 51: 2846-2586.
Literature cited 2: EES. Engineering equation solver. Professional version V9.214-3D, F-chart software. http://www.fchart.com. Fu, B.R., et al. 2014.Statistical analysis of patent data relating to the organic rankine cycle. Renew. Sustain. Energy. Rev., 39: 986-994.

ID: 65169
Title: Investiagation of the relationship between drought an soil physico-chemical properties in the Barak plains
Author: Erdhihan Tunc, Mehmet Ali Celik and Awet Tekeste Tsegai
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 643-652.
Subject: Investiagation of the relationship between drought an soil physico-chemical properties in the Barak plains
Keywords: Barak plain, soil, climate, drought
Abstract: In those last periods, there has been a climate changes in Turkey. These changes affected the southern regions of turkey with increased frequency and severity of drought. Subsequently affecting different ecological events and dynamics from plant cover to soil formation. In this study, the drought condition of the last 50 years in Barak plain, east of Gaziantep plateau (an average 800 m elevation) was analyzed. Preliminary findings obtained from Gaziantep station during the study period showed extreme drought in 1970, 1973, 1990, 1999 and 2008.During these periods, the Barak plain had precipitation well below normal. For many years, the climate has been very arid and exceptionally dry. Moreover, soil physico-chemical property over the time showed a significant decrease in pH and increase in soil minerals (example Fe, Mn, Zn, K).Those arid periods potentially withdraw and reduce the underground water. In other words, during these arid periods, the flow of streams in Barak plain decreased and at the same time water pollution; salinity of soil and water increased. In addition to this, it is also seen that in the study area, soil erosion and desertification increased due to drought.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alam, S.M. 1999.Nutrient uptake of plants under stress conditions in Perssrakli, M. In Handbook of plant and crop stress. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 285-314. Allision, L. W.B. Bollen and C.D. Moodie. 1965.Total Carbon. Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. Methodsofsoilanb.pp 1346-1366.
Literature cited 2: Bacanli, U.G. and B. Saf. 2005.Kuraklik Belirleme Yontemlerinin Antalya lli Orneginde Incelenmisi.Antalya Yoresin in Insaat Muhendisligi Sorunlari Sempozyumu. Batzer, D.P. and R.R. Shartiz.2014.Ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands.Univ.of California Press.

ID: 65168
Title: Biochemical and electron microscopic analysis of eyestalk of the mud crab, Scylla serrata exposed to silver nano particles
Author: S.Deepa Rani, N. Padmaja and P.Mahalakshmi
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 632-642.
Subject: Biochemical and electron microscopic analysis of eyestalk of the mud crab, Scylla serrata exposed to silver nano particles
Keywords: Eyestalk, Nano-Particles, mud crab, Scylla, Silver
Abstract: Silver nano-particles (AgNPS) are widely used as spectrally selective coatings for solar energy absorption, chemical catalysts and especially for antimicrobial sterilization. After their discharge, silver nano-particles will most likely enter the ecosystems and many produce an adverse response in many aquatic animals altering their fitness and ultimately changing their densities or community populations. Hence, the present study was carried out with silver nano-particle (AgNP)induced toxicity and biochemical changes in the eyestalk of the mud crab Scylla serrata. After standardization ofLD50 (25 ppm/kg) value , a single concentration of 20 ppm was used for the toxicity studies. Disorganization of corneal cuticle, formation of corneal cones, constriction of internal medulla and complete disorganization of basement membrane were observed trough histological analysis and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis of eyestalk of crabs exposed to silver nano-particles showed shrinkage and appearance of scars in the eyestalk developed in the basipetal succession and severe cell damage, total collapse of normal architecture leading to complete degeneration were to observed. Biochemical analysis showed increased level of total protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents and tissue damaging enzymes, such as SOD, CAT and GPx from day 2 to day 10 on exposure to silver nano-particles which indicates severe tissue damage due silver nano-particle treatment overall results concluded that the release of silver nano-particles into aquatic ecosystem would have a direct impact on the aquatic animals and affect the biodiversity of aquatic life.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ahamed, M., M.S. Alsalhi and M.K. Siddiqui.2010 Silver nanoparticle applications and human health. Clin Chim Acta.411 (23-24):1841-1848. APHA. 1998.Standard method for the examination of water and wastewater (17edn), American Public Heatlth Association, Washington, D.C.
Literature cited 2: Beers, R.F. and I.W. Sizer. 1952.A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J. Biol. Chem., 195:133-140. Beyer W.F. and Fridovich. 1987.Assaying for superoxide dismutase activity same large consequences of minor changes in conditions. Anal. Biochem., 161:559-563.

ID: 65167
Title: Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purpose in Minche-Savarde basin, Kolhapur district
Author: Pandurang Pisal,Shailendra Hivarekar,Rahul Patil and Santosh Mohite
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (8) Aug 18 page 621-631.
Subject: Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purpose in Minche-Savarde basin, Kolhapur district
Keywords: Minche-Savarde, Groundwater quality, irrigation, suitability, parameters
Abstract: Minche-Savarde is small watershed situated in Deccan Trap lava flows, which is part of Krishna Basin. Detailed ground water quality assessment of 40 samples ae carried out to evaluate suitability for both drinking and irrigation purposes. Chemical characteristics of groundwater was dominated by Ca + Mg>Na+K-HCO3 +CO3 Hydro chemical types followed by Na+K-HCO3+CO3 and Na+K-SO4 +Cl+NO indicating dominance of cation and anion exchange process on both spatial as well as temporal scales. The Gibbs diagram reveals that the majority of groundwater samples falls on rock dominant type, which indicates rock water interaction in the study area is active. The United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram indicates that the all groundwater samples are free from sodium hazards but the salinity hazard varies from low to very high in many parts throughout the study area. This reveals that the groundwater is moderately suitable for agricultural activities. Analytical results of samples shows that the groundwater quality is fairly good in some place as well as at some places exceeds permissible limit. In the study are major ion values are maximum in pre-monsoon seasons as compare to post-monsoon season.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: APHA. 1999.Standards methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, Washingtion, D.C. Ayers, R.1985.Water quality for agricultural. FAO irrigation and Drainage Paper No.29, Rev.1. U.N. Food and Agricultural Organization , Rome.
Literature cited 2: BIS. 2009.Drinking water specification .IS: 10500.Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi. Etteieb, S., et al. 2017.Hydrochemical assessment of water quality for irrigation : A case study of the Medjerda river in Tunisia, Appl Water Sci., 7: 469-480.

ID: 65166
Title: Vegan areca palm leather – waste to wealth generation through agri-start-up
Author: Kiran Kumar R. Patil, K. C. Shashidara , H. S. Sowmya and S. R. Suresh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (1) 94-98 10 Jan (2024)
Subject: Vegan areca palm leather – waste to wealth generation through agri-start-up
Keywords: Agri-start-up, arecanut, leaf sheath, palm leather, wealth generation
Abstract: Areca leaf sheath, a by-product which was earlier wasted by farmers in the field, has now found utility in agrobased industries. Several areca leaf plates and bowl manufacturing units have mushroomed in the hinterland, which escalated the demand for leaf sheaths. Due to the rapid growth of arecanut production, the state has a vast supply of raw materials. However, the existing areca leaf product industries cannot fully utilise this abundance. As a result, entrepreneurs can explore alternative uses for this valuable resource. Start-up India, a flagship scheme of the Government of India that encourages entrepreneurs, has resulted in an enterprise in Shivammogga, Karnataka that converts waste in the form of areca leaf sheath to wealth in the form of palm leather. The innovation lies in the manufacturing of palm leather without causing environmental pollution. The present study examined the economics, economic viability and SWOT factors of this start-up. Arecanut growers reaped net returns of Rs 38,000 from the sale of leaf sheaths. The entrepreneur made net returns of Rs 116.22 from indoor slippers, Rs 76.98 from diary covers and Rs 253.52 from vanity bags. The positive net present worth of Rs 7.2 crores, benefit : cost ratio of 1.49 and internal rate of returns of 134% revealed economic viability. Strengths and opportunities emerged as crucial SWOT elements. The challenge lies in scaling up the enterprise to encash the glaring demand for palm leather.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: https://www.dasd.gov.in/adminimage/Arecanut_area_and_production. pdf Chinnappa, B., Patil, Kiran Kumar R., Manjunatha, G. R. and Sowmya, H. S., Economic utilisation of areca leaf sheaths for rural livelihood. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 2020, 75(1), 90–110
Literature cited 2: Ramappa, B. T., Economics of areca nut cultivation in Karnataka, a case study of Shivamogga district, MDIM Bus. Rev., 2020, 1(2), 69–79 Banerjee, S. and Shrivastava, S. L., Economic analysis of cashew nut processing in India. Econ. Aff., 2014, 59(3), 429–437