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ID: 65041
Title: Application of digital twin in space engineering using augmented reality and internet of things technology
Author: Jai G. Singla, Jay Goswami , Keivalya Pandya, Darshankumar K. Patel , Vinay J. Patel and Mehfuza Holia
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1126-1030(2023)
Subject: Application of digital twin in space engineering using augmented reality and internet of things technology
Keywords: Augmented and virtual reality, digital twin, industrial internet of things, space engineering.
Abstract: Digital twin (DT) is the latest technology, which helps in generation of exact digital replica of the physical system. In this work, an in-house DT of a thermovacuum chamber and payload is developed. This research paper covers the development and implementation of an in-house cross-platform software application, a mobile AR app, and a Microsoft HoloLens 2 application, which provides real-time sensor data with voice control. The objective of this research is to study the potential of DT technology in real time monitoring of testing of payloads in thermovac system. Results demonstrate that the developed software applications provide a comprehensive 1 : 1 scale 3D visualization of the chamber along with essential sensor parameters for users to monitor the chamber and payload status, leading to a more effective decision making
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Uhlemann, T., Lehmann, C. and Steinhilper, R., The digital twin: realizing the cyber-physical production system for industry 4.0. Procedia CIRP, 2017, 61, 335–340; 10.1016/j.procir.2016.11.152. 2. Kritzinger, W., Karner, M., Traar, G., Henjes, J. and Sihn, W., Digital twin in manufacturing: a categorical literature review and classification. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2018, 51(11), 1016–1
Literature cited 2: Onaji, I., Tiwari, D., Soulatiantork, P., Song, B. and Tiwari, A., Digital twin in manufacturing: conceptual framework and case studies. Int. J. Comput. Integr. Manuf., 2022, 35(8), 831–858; doi:10.1080/ 0951192X.2022.2027014. Pires, F., Cachada, A., Barbosa, J., Moreira, A. and Leitão, P., Digital twin in industry 4.0: technologies, applications and challenges, 2019, pp. 721–726; 10.1109/INDIN41052.2019.8972134.

ID: 65040
Title: Impact of seismic coefficient and slope angle on a gravity dam through numerical simulation
Author: R. S. Mange and R. D. Lokhande
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1116-1125 (2023)
Subject: Impact of seismic coefficient and slope angle on a gravity dam through numerical simulation
Keywords: Gravity dam, numerical modelling, slope angle, stress and displacement.
Abstract: A dam is a structure that aids the growth of a country in terms of infrastructure development. For such a magnificent structure design, its stability is vital. The Cheruthoni dam in Kerala, India (gravity dam) was selected for the present study. The reservoir-full condition, hydrostatic pressure, uplift pressure and earthquake pressure forces were chosen for failure analysis by considering seismic coefficient and downstream slope angle as critical parameters. The analysis was done regarding stress and displacement, and the results were interpreted using RS2 software. The results revealed that the downstream slope angle is more critical than the seismic coefficient
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, R. B., Dam section optimization using Monto Carlo simulation and genetic algorithm, Ph.D. thesis, Water Resource Engineering, VNIT, 2015. 2. Nallanathel, M., Ramesh, B. and Raju, P. K., Stability analysis of concrete gravity dam using STAAD PRO. Int. J. Pure Appl. Math., 2018, 119(17), 297–310.
Literature cited 2: Ali, H., Alam, R., Haque, N. and Alam, M. J., Comparison of design and analysis of concrete gravity dam. Nat. Resour., 2012, 3(6), 18–28. Dawlatzai, K. and Dominic, M., Structural stability and 2D finite element analysis of concrete gravity dam. Int. J. Eng. Sci. Inven., 2018, 7(1), 9–20.

ID: 65039
Title: Sustaining long-term agricultural exports from India
Author: Raka Saxena, Devesh Kumar Pant , Purushottam Sharma , Ranjit Kumar Paul and Rohit Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1109-1115(2023)
Subject: Sustaining long-term agricultural exports from India
Keywords: Agricultural exports, comparative advantage, COVID-19 pandemic, rejections, trend.
Abstract: In this study, we analysed the trend, composition and dynamics of India’s comparative advantage in agricultural exports from 2001 to 2021 using data from the INTRACEN database for seven agricultural commodities, namely rice, crustaceans, bovine meat, cotton, pepper, cane sugar and tea. The contribution of agricultural exports to the agricultural gross value added (GVA) has increased over time. The country has the highest comparative advantage in rice, followed by pepper and tea, while crustaceans and bovine meat show a lower comparative advantage. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the supply chains, causing a decline in exports of bovine meat and tea. The study also probed the reasons behind export rejections in major importing markets. Pesticide residues, microbial infections and consignment management emerge as the major reasons for export rejection. Effective value-chain management is critical for the quality and safety compliances of the commodities.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . ICAR-NIAP, Agricultural Development Report 2022–23, ICAR National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi, 2023. GoI, India’s agriculture exports touch a historic high of USD 50 billion, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, 2022; https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1814057 (accessed on 10 April 2023).
Literature cited 2: INTRACEN, List of products imported by India. International Trade Centre, 2022; https://www.trademap.org/Product_SelCountry_TS.aspx?nvpm=1%7c699%7c%7c%7c%7cTOTAL%7c%7c%- 7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c2%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1%7c1 (accessed on 9 March 2023). Singh, K. and Sain, I., Prospects of agricultural exports of India: a composite index approach. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 2003, 58(4), 781–799.

ID: 65038
Title: Detection of Alternaria blight disease severity in mustard crops using ground-based hyperspectral remote sensing
Author: Karunesh K. Shukla , Rahul Nigam , Ajanta Birah, A. K. Kanojia , Mukesh Km Khokhar , Bimal K. Bhattacharya and Subhash Chander
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1099-1108 (2023)
Subject: Detection of Alternaria blight disease severity in mustard crops using ground-based hyperspectral remote sensing
Keywords: Alternaria blight, disease severity, mustard, hyperspectral, remote sensing, surface reflectance.
Abstract: Alternaria blight is a destructive disease of mustard crops that causes significant economic loss and usually warrants extensive pesticide application. Characterization and estimation of pest severity for better management is the need of the hour to increase the scope of advisories to the farmers. In this study, statistical approaches like multiple stepwise linear regression, principal component regression and partial least square regression have been employed to detect the disease severity of Alternaria blight in mustard leaves using hyperspectral reflectance data. The predicted values of diseased leaves in all the regression models were significantly reduced vis-à-vis healthy mustard leaves. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to detect the disease severity of Alternaria blight in mustard crops using hyperspectral reflectance data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Deguine, J. P. et al., Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 2021, 41, 38; doi:10. 1007/s13593-021-00689-w. Sharma, A. et al., Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem. SN Appl. Sci., 2019, 1, 1446; doi:10.1007/s42452-019- 1485-1.
Literature cited 2: Jackson, R. D., Remote sensing of biotic and abiotic plant stress. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 1986, 24(1), 265–287; doi:10.1146/ annurev.py.24.090186.001405. Kobayashi, T., Kanda, E., Kitada, K., Ishiguro, K. and Torigoe, Y., Detection of rice panicle blast with multispectral radiometer and the potential of using airborne multispectral scanners. Phytopathology, 2001, 91(3), 316–323; doi:10.1

ID: 65037
Title: Genetic and multivariate analysis of processing and yield traits in sweet potato for varied end-uses
Author: C. Visalakshi, Shirly Raichal Anil, M. N. Sheela, Pradeepika Chintha, S. Shanavas, E. R. Harish, A. N. Jyothi, Senthil alias Sankar and J. Sreekumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1093-1098 (2023)
Subject: Genetic and multivariate analysis of processing and yield traits in sweet potato for varied end-uses
Keywords: Heritability, processing, sweet potato, variability, yield traits
Abstract: The present study aims to assess the genetic and multivariate component analysis of processing traits, yield traits, weevil resistance and other tuber traits in sweet potatoes based on the evaluation of 12 genotypes, including checks for yield and processing. Significant variability for tuber physical, processing and vine traits was observed. Nearly 75% of the genotypes had dry matter content (>30%), 50% had starch content (>20%), and none was resistant to sweet potato weevils. High genotypic and phenotypic variation, heritability and genetic advance were observed for tuber yield, tuber girth, total sugar and weight. Among the 13 phenotypic traits used in the present study, multivariate analysis identified only eight, contributing to 83.67% of the variation. UPGMA clustering yielded two major clusters and five sub-clusters. S27, Palakkad local, Trivandrum local, Sree Arun, S346, S27, Indira Madhur, EC 321693 and S444 were found suitable for processing. These genotypes can serve as breeding material for developing high yielding varieties, thereby promoting the industrial utilization of sweet potatoes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: 1. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed on 18 October 2022). 2. Srinivas, T., Economics of sweet potato production and marketing. In The Sweet potato (eds Loebenstein, G. and Thottappilly, G.), Springer, 2009, pp. 235–267.
Literature cited 2: Visalakshi, C., Anil, S. R., Sheela, M. N., Hegde, V., Jyothi, A. N. and Sreekumar, J., Genetic variation for important processing traits and identification of potential parents for developing hybrid clones suitable for processing in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatus L. Lam). S. Afr. J. Bot., 2021, 141, 255–264. Frusciante, L., Barone, A., Carputo, D., Ercolano, M. R., Della Rocca, F. and Esposito, S., Evaluation and use of plant biodiversity for food and pharmaceuticals. Fitoterapia, 2000, 71, 66–72

ID: 65036
Title: Modelling and analysis of a renewable energy system at various altitudes
Author: Balachander Kalappan and Amudha Alagarsamy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1088-1092(2023)
Subject: Modelling and analysis of a renewable energy system at various altitudes
Keywords: Altitude, hybrid optimization model, photovoltaic panels, solar and wind energy
Abstract: The study proposes a hybrid renewable energy system in India that combines solar and wind energy conversion. The system is designed to meet user load demands at specific locations, reducing electricity usage. The system is optimized using various sizing components, including climatological data, load profile, PV array parameters, wind parameters and battery parameters. The hybrid optimization model for electric renewables is used to design, analyse and optimize the system. The performance of each module, inverter, and battery is examined, considering factors such as energy production, consumption, emissions, initial cost, operating cost, net present cost, and energy cost.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Johnkirariundporg, K. K., Adel, M., Veraniaandriaundporg, V. A. and Boykelakaseruundporg, B. O. L., Supporting Indonesia’s renewable energy development in remote and rural areas through innovative funding sub-theme: smarter funding for better outcomes. Indones. Dev. Forum, 2018, 1–17. Khan, H., Khan, I. and BiBi, R., The role of innovations and renewable energy consumption in reducing environmental degradation in OECD countries: an investigation for Innovation Claudia Curve. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 2022, 29, 43,800–43,813
Literature cited 2: Bhol, S. and Sahu, N. C., Decarbonizing the grid by optimal scheduling of solar PV–wind turbine-pumped hydro storage considering application on heuristic algorithms: a comprehensive review. Int. J. Energy Res., 2021, 45, 18473–18497. Kaldjian, T. G. E., 5 powerful examples of clean energy transitions in Asia. Green Biz, 1 February 2022; https://www.greenbiz.com/ article/5-powerful-examples-clean-energy-transitions-asia

ID: 65035
Title: Synthesis and characterization of various organic fluorescent and thermally stable polyesters with s-triazine frame and bulky side chain
Author: Jignasa V. Modh and Sadafara A. Pillai
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1078-1087(2023)
Subject: Synthesis and characterization of various organic fluorescent and thermally stable polyesters with s-triazine frame and bulky side chain
Keywords: Bulky pendant groups, fluorescence, polyesters, thermal stability, viscosity
Abstract: The present study focuses on the synthesis of organic fluorescent and thermally stable polyesters using the striazine frame. Coumarin and benzilic acid have been utilized as bulky pendant groups. It has been established that these two groups are mainly accountable for fluorescence and enhancing the stability of polyesters. The synthesized polyesters were characterized using a plethora of techniques. The structural elucidation was carried out using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The stability of the polyesters for 10% and 50% weight loss was assessed using thermogravimetric analysis. The solubility behaviour was observed for both polar and nonpolar solvents. The useful traits of these polyesters, such as fluorescence and enhanced thermal stability, make them important.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rafiee, Z., Synthesis and characterization of novel aromatic polyesters from 5-[3-phenyl-2-(9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboximido)propanoyl amino] isophthalic acid and various diols. Iran. J. Org. Chem., 2014, 6, 1407–1412. Mallakpour, S., Hashemi, E., Mallakpour, S. and Seyedjamali, H., Synthesis and characterization of novel organosoluble and optically active aromatic polyesters containing L-methionine and phthalimide pendent groups. Amino Acids, 2008, 34, 531–538
Literature cited 2: Mallakpour, S. and Kolahdoozan, M., Synthesis and properties of thermally stable and optically active novel wholly aromatic polyesters containing a chiral pendent group. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43, 3344–3354. Mallakpour, S. and Rafiee, Z., Step-growth polymerization of 5(acetoxynaphthoylamino)isophthalic acid with different aromatic diols. Iran. Polym. J., 2008, 17, 217–226.

ID: 65034
Title: Meteorological conditions associated with extremely heavy rainfall over some Indian states in July 2022
Author: Shashi Kant
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1068-1077 (2023)
Subject: Meteorological conditions associated with extremely heavy rainfall over some Indian states in July 2022
Keywords: Extremely heavy rainfall, floods, meteorological analysis, southwest monsoon
Abstract: The second week of July 2022 witnessed persistent heavy rainfall episodes over the Indian states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana and coastal Karnataka. According to media reports, this led to localized flooding over these regions. Rainfall data from the India Meteorological Department revealed that heavy to very heavy rainfall with extremely heavy rainfall at isolated places had occurred over Gujarat region for five days; over Saurashtra and Kutch, Konkan and Goa, Telangana and coastal Karnataka for three days each, and over Madhya Maharashtra and Vidarbha for two days each during 7–13 July 2022. The present study aimed to evaluate the meteorological parameters, associated synoptic systems, and dynamic and thermodynamic parameters responsible for such persistent heavy rainfall episodes over these regions during the second week of July. The following meteorological conditions may have resulted in persistent heavy-rainfall episodes: (i) Location of monsoon trough (south of the normal position). (ii) An offshore trough along the west coast of India during the study period. (iii) An east–west shear zone/ trough in the lower/mid tropospheric levels across the northern parts of peninsular India and southward tilt. (iv) Convergence of strong monsoon westerlies along the west coast of India. (v) Favourable relative vorticity up to middle tropospheric levels. (vi) Favourable lowlevel convergence and upper-level divergence. Favourable air temperature and vertical velocity (omega) at different tropospheric levels. (vii) Favourable relative humidity profile at the lower tropospheric levels
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . India Meteorological Department (IMD) press release statement on ‘Climate of India during 2021’; https://internal.imd.gov.in/press_ release/20220114_pr_1437.pdf (accessed on 20 September 2022). mausam.imd.gov.in (accessed on 26 September 2022).
Literature cited 2: Ajay, S. and Anand, P., Spatio-temporal distribution of extreme weather events in India. APCBEE Proc., 2012, 1, 258–262. De, U. S., Dube, R. K. and Prakasa Rao, G. S., Extreme weather events over India in the last 100 years. J. Indian Geophys. Union, 2005, 9(3), 173–187.

ID: 65033
Title: Food safety knowledge, attitude and practices related to refrigeration safety
Author: Deepali Chandwani and Vishakha Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1063-1067(2023)
Subject: Food safety knowledge, attitude and practices related to refrigeration safety
Keywords: Diseases and risk factors, food-handling practices, food safety, refrigeration, storage temperature
Abstract: It is crucial that we have access to nutritious food in order to support life and promote good health. Unsafe food that contains harmful microbes, viruses, parasites, or chemicals causes ailments ranging from diarrhoea to cancer. It is well-recognized that maintaining food safety requires keeping food in the refrigerator at a proper temperature. It is also crucial to regulate and maintain the storage temperature, which will vary based on the type of food stored. The main aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of consumers towards food safety. Gender, age, educational level, number of children and frequency of food preparation are the factors that affect an individual’s knowledge and attitude about food safety. It is essential to plan and conduct training programmes on food safety and appropriate handling practices for different foods to prevent foodborne diseases and associated risk factors.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: WHO, Food safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2004; https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/foodsafety (retrieved on 23 November 2022). WHO, Food Safety: What You Should Know, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2015; file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/ SEA-NUT-196%20(1).pdf (retrieved on 4 July 2023).
Literature cited 2: INTARCON, The importance of refrigeration in food; https:// www.intarcon.com/en/refrigeration-in-food/ (retrieved on 23 November 2022). Redmond, E. C. and Griffith, C. J., Consumer attitudes and perceptions towards microbial food safety in the domestic kitchen. J. Food Saf., 2007, 24(3), 169–194.

ID: 65032
Title: Publications in gold open access and article processing charge expenditure: evidence from Indian scholarly output
Author: Raj Kishor Kampa, Manoj Kumar Sa and Mallikarjun Dora
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1057-1062 (2023)
Subject: Publications in gold open access and article processing charge expenditure: evidence from Indian scholarly output
Keywords: Article processing charges, commercial publishers, gold open access, scholarly output, subject category
Abstract: Article processing charges (APCs) ensure the financial viability of open access (OA) scholarly journals. The present study analyses the number of gold OA articles published in the Web of Science (WoS)- indexed journals by Indian researchers during 2020, including subject categories that account for the highest APC in India. Besides, it evaluates the amount of APC expenditure incurred in India. The findings of this study reveal that Indian researchers published 26,127 gold OA articles across all subjects in WoS-indexed journals in 2020. Researchers in the field of health and medical sciences paid the highest APC, amounting to USD 7 million, followed by life and earth sciences (USD 6.9 million), multidisciplinary (USD 4.9 million), and chemistry and materials science (USD 4.8 million). The study also reveals that Indian researchers paid an estimated 17 million USD as APC in 2020. Furthermore, 81% of APCs went to commercial publishers, viz. MDPI, Springer–Nature, Elsevier and Frontier Media. As there is a growing number of OA publications from India, we suggest having a central and state-level single-window option for funding in OA journals and backing the Plan S initiative for OA publishing in India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Suber, P., Open Access, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 2012. 2. www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org (accessed on 17 December 2022).
Literature cited 2: First Monday, 2013, 18(6); doi:10.5210/fm.v18i6.4370. Tennant, J. P. et al., The academic, economic and societal impacts of open access. F1000Research, 2016, 5, 1–57; doi.org/10.12608/ f1000research.8460.3.

ID: 65031
Title: Taxonomic status of Drosophila pallidosa and the biological species concept
Author: B. N. Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1050-1056 (2023)
Subject: Taxonomic status of Drosophila pallidosa and the biological species concept
Keywords: Biological species concept, Drosophila ananassae, Drosophila pallidosa, genetic diversity, speciation genetics.
Abstract: The genus Drosophila is an interesting biological model which shows extensive diversity at the level of species. About 50 years ago, Bock and Wheeler described a new species of Drosophila, D. pallidosa just on the basis of sexual isolation and differences in sex comb teeth number. However, there is similarity in male genitalia and absence of post mating reproductive isolation and it is considered sibling to D. ananassae, which is a domestic and cosmopolitan species. On the other hand, D. pallidosa is endemic to certain islands such as South Pacific Island of Samoa and Fijii where they are sympatric and remain reproductively isolated by sexual isolation. In these two sibling species, results of various investigations have been reported pertaining to taxonomic status, morphometric traits, metaphase karyotypes, etc. show similarities and differences which is basis of suggestion that D. pallidosa is in statu nascendi. However, its description as a new species fits well with the biological species concept and it provides interesting material for future studies in the area of speciation genetics.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chatterjee, S. and Singh, B. N., Sexual isolation in Drosophila. Indian Rev. Life Sci., 1989, 9, 101–135. Singh, B. N., Mode of mating preference and the direction of evolution in Drosophila. Indian J. Exp
Literature cited 2: Singh, B. N., Hundred years of research on inversion polymorphism in Drosophila. Curr. Sci., 2019, 117, 761–775. Singh, B. N., Population and behaviour genetics of Drosophila ananassae. Genetica, 1996, 97, 321–332.

ID: 65030
Title: Octopodiform drill holes on the larger foraminifera Nummulites obtusus (Sowerby, 1840) from the Harudi Formation (middle Eocene) of Kutch, Gujarat, India
Author: Rosina syed, Sampa sarkar, S. sengupta
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1047-1049 (2023)
Subject: Octopodiform drill holes on the larger foraminifera Nummulites obtusus (Sowerby, 1840) from the Harudi Formation (middle Eocene) of Kutch, Gujarat, India
Keywords: Octopodiform drill holes, foraminifera Nummulites obtusus, Harudi Formation, middle Eocene of Kutch, Gujarat, India
Abstract: Evidence of fossil predators enables us to infer the importance and evolution of predation, predator ethology and prey defence mechanisms in deep time1 . Foraminifera, an ubiquitous component of the marine seafloor community with a high preservation potential, are often subjected to predation . However, bioerosion traces do not necessarily reflect predation traces because live foraminiferans may bear parasite feeding traces, and dead foraminiferal tests may be subjected to boring by protoplasm-scavenging taxa or endoliths . Here, we report octopodiform (terminology after VillegasMartín et al. 4 ) drill holes on the middle Eocene larger foraminiferan Nummulites obtusus (Sowerby5 ) from Kutch, western India. We have collected 35 N. obtusus Form B specimens bearing the octopodiform drill holes. These drilled foraminiferans were collected from the ‘obtusus bed’ of the Harudi Formation (middle Eocene) exposed along the flanks of the Rato river, north of the Harudi (23°30′30″, 68°41′10″) village in Kutch, Gujarat6,7. Collected specimens are housed in the Micropalaeontology Laboratory of Calcutta University under the collective number CU/RR/35.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Klompmaker, A. A., Kelley, P. H., Chattopadhyay, D., Clements, J. C., Huntley, J. W. and Kowalewski, M., Earth-Sci. Rev., 2019, 194, 472–520. Culver, S. J. and Lipps, J. H., In Predation–Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record (eds Kelley, P. H., Kowalewski, M. and Hansen, T. A.), Kluwer Academic, New York, USA, 2003, pp. 7–32.
Literature cited 2: Görmüş, M. and Nielsen, J. K., J. Foramin. Res., 2006, 36, 151–164. Villegas‐Martín, J., Ceolin, D., Fauth, G. and Klompmaker, A. A., Palaeontology, 2019, 62, 731–756.

ID: 65029
Title: Developing resilience against emerging climate change normal of the hydro-geological hazards in Western Himalaya, India
Author: Naresh Chandra Pant and H. S. Saini
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1041-1042 (2023)
Subject: Developing resilience against emerging climate change normal of the hydro-geological hazards in Western Himalaya, India
Keywords: Developing resilience, emerging climate change, hydro-geological hazards, Western Himalaya, India
Abstract: A chain of unprecedented floods and landslides beginning in early July of 2023 in the Western Himalaya and its adjoining plains of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, India, shook the entire nation due to large-scale destruction in terms of human lives, properties, landscape and environment. It began with the extreme rain episodes across the width of the Himalaya, leading to high-velocity water flowing from the steep hill slopes along low-order streams into the main rivers. In the stepwise process, it initially filled the river channels and was followed by extensive flooding in the alluvial plains, inundating extensive areas of Punjab and Haryana along River Ghagghar and Delhi–Uttar Pradesh along River Yamuna. In Himachal and Uttarakhand, rainfall also triggered a sequence of landslides of different scales in the urban areas and roadsides. These disasters have annihilated almost all our landslide-preventing measures and flood-taming capacity and exposed the fragility and hollowness of our habitational planning, especially in the hilly regions
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Saini, H. S., Pant, N. C., Lal, R. and Mujtaba, S. A. I., Curr. Sci., 2015, 108, 764–765. Gerrard, J., Geomorphology, 1994, 10(1–4), 221–230.
Literature cited 2: Nabiyal, V., Rangari, D. K. and Kumar, M., J. Eng. Geol., 2018, XLIII(1 and 2), 12–22. Ehrlich, D., Melchiorri, M. and Capitani, C., Land, 2021, 10, 255; doi.org/10.3390/Land10030255.

ID: 65028
Title: The dire impact of climate change on marine ecosystems
Author: S. K. Satheesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (10) 1035-1036(2023)
Subject: The dire impact of climate change on marine ecosystems
Keywords: Dire impact of climate change, marine ecosystems
Abstract: It is widely acknowledged globally that climate change is an undeniable reality caused by human intervention, as confirmed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports. The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is steadily rising, leading to an increase in the planet’s average temperature. Climate change has also brought about several other consequences, such as severe weather patterns, rising sea levels, deforestation, agricultural challenges, waste management concerns, and air pollution, among others. When we talk about the environmental impact of climate change, issues are both global and regional in nature. However, global concerns such as rising temperatures, sea levels, and severe weather events require the collective efforts of the worldwide community.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 65027
Title: RNA sequencing-based identification of candidate hypersensitive transcripts in Perna viridis
Author: Srinivasa Raghavan Vasudevan, Vinaya Kumar Katneni , Sudheesh K. Prabhudas and Karthic Krishnan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (9) 1008-1012 (2023)
Subject: RNA sequencing-based identification of candidate hypersensitive transcripts in Perna viridis
Keywords: Allergen, hypersensitive transcripts, Perna viridis, RNA sequencing, unigenes.
Abstract: The Asian Green Lipped mussel, Perna viridis one of the widely distributed bivalves act as a source of low cost protein providing nutritious meal to the coastal population in the form of well balanced amino acids and micronutrients. The immune system produces antibodies to certain class of proteins present in shellfish meat thereby causing hypersensitive reactions in the body. The next generation integrated transcriptome sequencing approach identifies all the potential allergenic proteins expressed in an animal very effectively. The present study describes the transcriptome of P. viridis based on the sequence data generated using five tissues. Transcriptome level candidate allergens and epitopes were observed and identified that might play a role in hypersensitive reaction to shellfish proteins including certain novel candidate allergens like Ran protein and a filamin A like protein. The existence of epitope hotspots in an important protein, arginine kinase was also observed and the unigenes identified would be a valuable resource for conduct of functional studies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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