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ID: 65131
Title: Ancient iron making process at Naikund, Vidarbha region of India: a thermochemical analysis of megalithic iron smelting
Author: P. P. Deshpande, V. S. Kathavate, N. K. Nath and V. S. Shinde
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (12) 1310-1315 25 Dec (2023)
Subject: Ancient iron making process at Naikund, Vidarbha region of India: a thermochemical analysis of megalithic iron smelting
Keywords: Ancient iron-making process, mass balance studies, slag phase, thermal energy, thermochemical analysis.
Abstract: This study systematically demonstrates the ancient iron-making process in one of the earliest iron smelting sites in India, and Naikund, Vidarbha region, dating as far back as 900 BC. During the process, the maximum temperature attained in the Naikund furnace was estimated to be ~1150–1250°C in the reaction zones where solid-state reduction of iron followed by separation of the low-melting slag phase and metallic iron were predominant. The low melting point of the slag phase is possibly due to the addition of sand or silica and limestone in the furnace during the iron-making process. Furthermore, mass balance studies performed using the Rist diagram superimposed with the Fe–C–O stability diagram revealed that the minimum charcoal rate was about 1900 kg/tonnes of iron produced. It can be anticipated that the porous, semi-solid metallic iron is hammered to produce various objects used for hunting and agriculture. The thermochemical analysis of one of the earliest iron-smelting sites in India provides evidence of the ancient iron-making processes in the country. This study further opens up multitudes of possibilities to analyse ancient metallurgical structures in India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Balasubramaniam, R., On the steeling of iron and the second urbanization of Indian subcontinent. Man Environ., 2006, XXXII, 102–107. Tripathi, V., Emergence of iron in India: archaeological perspective. In NML Golden Jubilee Commemorative Volume, Metallurgy in India – A Retrospective (eds Ramachandra Rao, P. and Goswami, N. G.), National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, 2001, pp. 25– 51.
Literature cited 2: Tripathi, V., The Age of Iron in South Asia – Legacy and Tradition, Aryan Book International, New Delhi, 2001, pp. 79–82. Gogte, V. D., Report on iron working and furnaces in Naikund excavations – 1978–79 (eds Deo, S. B. and Jamkhedkar, A. P.), Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Maharashtra and Deccan College, Pune, 1982, pp. 52–59.

ID: 65130
Title: Bibliometric analysis of paleotsunami research: current trends and overview
Author: Purna Sulastya Putra, Jakah, Septriono Hari Nugroho, Wiko Setyonegoro and Amar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (12) 1304-1309 25 Dec (2023)
Subject: Bibliometric analysis of paleotsunami research: current trends and overview
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, hazard mitigation, paleotsunami, visualization and characterization.
Abstract: Paleotsunami studies provide information that is crucial as primary data for tsunami mitigation planning and action. Studies that explicitly assess and evaluate paleotsunamis are not available. We carried out a quantitative analysis of published documents using a bibliometric study. We aimed to identify trends in paleotsunami studies based on the literature published until 2022. The study was conducted using the keywords ‘PALEOTSUNAMI’ or ‘PALEOTSUNAMIS’ in the Scopus database. Relevant publications that included information on document type, year, access type, author, journal and language were selected. The results were descriptively and quantitatively analysed based on annual progression, country, affiliation, author, journal, publication, area of study and keywords. A total of 199 documents were identified, representing 193 authors from 39 countries. Japan, the USA and Russia were the leading countries. The journal with the most publications was Marine Geology. Goto was the most productive and most cited author. The most frequently used keywords in paleotsunami studies were ‘tsunami’, ‘paleotsunami’, ‘Holocene’ and ‘geological record’. There was a shift in the trend of paleotsunami studies beginning in 2018. A comprehensive analysis of previous paleotsunami studies is essential and can be an objective consideration in future research policies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Avşar, U., Sedimentary geochemical evidence of historical tsunamis in the Eastern Mediterranean from Ölüdeniz Lagoon, SW Turkey. J. Paleolimnol., 2019, 61, 373–385. Chagué-Goff, C., Andrew, A., Szczuciński, W., Goff, J. and Nishimura, Y., Geochemical signatures up to the maximum inundation of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami – implications for the 869 AD Jogan and other palaeotsunamis. Sediment. Geol., 2012, 282, 65–77.
Literature cited 2: Chagué-Goff, C., Szczuciński, W. and Shinozaki, T., Applications of geochemistry in tsunami research: a review. Earth Sci. Rev., 2017, 165, 203–244. Irizuki, T. et al., Geochemical and micropaleontological impacts caused by the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami in Matsushima Bay, northeastern Japan. Mar. Geol., 2019, 407, 26

ID: 65129
Title: Sub-National Repository for Traditional Knowledge
Author: Indrani Barpujari
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (12) 1302-1303 25 Dec (2023)
Subject: Sub-National Repository for Traditional Knowledge
Keywords: Sub-National Repository, Traditional Knowledge
Abstract: The Madhya Pradesh Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, 2022, proposes setting up a state-level Traditional Knowledge Repository, focusing on protecting the ‘tribal medicines and practices of the state’. With the state having a number of existing traditional knowledge (TK) databases as well as several agencies with the requisite expertise, such a repository need not be developed from scratch. A consolidated approach with clearly laid-out guidelines and protocols, clarity regarding the roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders, and the participation of TK holders and tribal communities with due consideration to their customary law
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: DST, Compedium on state level STI ecosystem, Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, 2022; https://sstp.dst. gov.in/PDF/Compendium/STI%20Ecosystem%20at%20the%20State%20level.pdf (accessed on 25 January 2023). Government of Madhya Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 2022; https://www.mpcost. gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-23/English_STI_Policy%20(1).pdf (accessed on 27 January 2023)
Literature cited 2: MPSBB, Madhya Pradesh Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2018–30, Madhya Pradesh State Biodiversity Board, Bhopal, 2020. Sarma, U. K. and Barpujari, I., Land Use Policy, 2023, 125, 106494; https://doi. org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106494

ID: 65128
Title: Reimagining people’s participation in the People Biodiversity Register through citizen science – a case of small mammal and bats from the Eastern Himalaya, India
Author: Thangsuanlian Naulak and Sunita Pradhan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (12) 1300-1301 25 Dec (2023)
Subject: Reimagining people’s participation in the People Biodiversity Register through citizen science – a case of small mammal and bats from the Eastern Himalaya, India
Keywords: Reimagining people’s participation ,People Biodiversity Register, small mammal and bats, Eastern Himalaya, India
Abstract: In theory, the mandate of The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 of India for the preparation of People Biodiversity Registers (PBRs) by the Biodiversity Management Committees is a participatory process that involves local communities. In practice, the PBR documentation is a hasty process of meeting deadlines where local communities are restricted to helping researchers in data collection. However, data from our field studies and from the citizen science platform showed immense potential to actively engage local communities in the PBR process. We envision a framework to integrate citizen science and PBR within the ambit of programmes 1 and 7 of the National Mission on Biodiversity and Human Well-Being.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Burgin, C. J., Colella, J. P., Kahn, P. L. and Upham, N. S., J. Mammal., 2018, 99, 1–14. Naulak, T. and Pradhan, S., J. Threat. Taxa, 2020, 12, 16434–16459.
Literature cited 2: Ramírez-Fráncel, L. A. et al., Integr. Zool., 2022, 17, 2–23. Kunz, T. H., de Torrez, E. B., Bauer, D., Lobova, T. and Fleming, T. H., Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2011, 1223, 1–38.

ID: 65127
Title: Lignin: A case study as an alternate to Diesel fuels
Author: S.K.Pradhan, I.Chakraborty and B.B.Kar
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 611-613
Subject: Lignin: A case study as an alternate to Diesel fuels
Keywords: Lignin: A case study as an alternate to Diesel fuels
Abstract: Fror alternate fuel studies, mixtures of a variable amount of lignin, diesel fuel and alcohols have been already tested. During such testing processes, taking the advantage of fair solubility of butanol into diesel, lignin was indirectly dissolved into disesel through blending with butanol at the initial stage. The actual soluble lignin in diesel remains less than 2 % due to the restricted solubility of lignin into butanol. However, the cost feature of butanol does not permit the full and economical access of abundant and unlimited lignin resources in that way. In that context, this article presents a stable and uniform mixture of a physically and chemically modified lignin and diesel, reports the test results of using the mixture in a diesel engine and confirms that lignin can be an effective substitute for diesel.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Esenther, G.R. and T.K. Kirk. 1998.Effect of cultivars and fertilizer application on yield and quality of barley straw. Sixth Conference of the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP).Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Proceedings, pp 279-285. Hatakka, A. 2001.Biodegradtion of lignin. In Biopolymers, lignin, humic substances and coal (Vol 1). Ed M. Hofrichter and A. Steinbhel. Wiley-VCH. Weinheim, Germany. pp 129-180.
Literature cited 2: Ke, J. etal.1974.Catabolism of aspen sapwood in Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermidae). Ann Entomal. Soc. Am. pp 989-999. Ke, J.D. Singh and S. Chen. 2011.In situ lignocellulosic unlocking mechanism in termite for cellulose hydrolysis: Critical lignin modification. Biotech.Biofuels.4: 17-23.

ID: 65126
Title: People awareness on Mangrove conservation policies and its implementation-Mumbai city
Author: Pravin S.Shinde and Snehal S.Donde
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 606-610
Subject: People awareness on Mangrove conservation policies and its implementation-Mumbai city
Keywords: Mumbai-city, Governmnt policy, Mangrove conservation, people perception
Abstract: Mangrove is one of the most valuable coastal ecosystems, which provide enormous benefits to the local communities as well as the ecology. Last two to three decades human interference in coastal areas have been considerably increased; as a result, mangrove forest is destroyed significantly. So conservation of this ecosystem becomes a big issue in a metropolitan city, like Mumbai which is lost about 40% of mangrove swamps. To overcome this situation people must understand the needs of conservation and protection of mangrove ecosystem. The government has passed a number of acts which clears that non-forest activity should not be carried out in areas where mangroves grow. Subsequently, the government already has set legal frameworks for management of mangrove ecosystem. Unfortunately, many times the legal provisions are not being enforced to control the illegal activities because local people have failed to adhere the correct regulation. It is also realized that one of the key challenges for mangrove conservation is inadequate understanding of their multiple roles of mangroves due to poor research, unawareness of the local people and violation of government norms. In such a situation, protection of the mangrove ecosystem s possibe only through the participation of the local community and strict implementation of the legal provisions by the Government. To assessment the adequacy of existing legal frameworks for mangrove conservation and to understand the people awareness is necessary. Therefore, descriptive survey was carried out and required data was collected from local peoples. This study has a n earnest attempt to understand the legal policies, its implementation and people perceptions toward mangrove conservations in the Mumbai city.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Choudhury,J.K.1997.Sustainable management of coastal mangrove forest development and social needs. XI World forestry congress. Proceedings, Vol.6, Topic 38.6. Fujimoto, K. 2000.Below ground carbon sequestration of mangrove forests in the Asia-Pacific region. Asia-Pacific Cooperation on Research for Conservation of Mangroves. Okinawa, Japan. Proceedings, pp 87-96. P Mid:10680662.
Literature cited 2: Katon, B.M., et al. 2000.Rehabilitating the mangrove resources of Cogtong Bay, Phillippines: A co-management perspective. Meepal, W.2010.Carbon sequestration of mangrove forests at Ranong biospehere reserve: J. Forest Manage.,29-44. (In Thai with English abstract)

ID: 65125
Title: Controlling air pollutions with Euro-VI fuels
Author: Ashok G. Matani
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 601-605
Subject: Controlling air pollutions with Euro-VI fuels
Keywords: Idle emission, Regulations, Europeanemission, fuel regulations, Automotive emission standardss
Abstract: BS-VI fuel will bring down sulphur by 5 times from the current BS-IV levels-A whopping 80% reduction that makes this fuel extremely clean. This will improve emissions from the existing fleet. Even from the older vehicles on road, while allowing more advanced emissions control systems to be fitted in BS-VI vehicles when they begin to roll. Full advantage of this move will be possible only when vehicle technology moves to BS-VI. Industry must also step up its act and show leadership to fast forward the change. The Union Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (M0PNG) has announced a 2-year advancement of the introduction of Bharat Stage (BS)-VI fuel norms from April 1, 2018, in Delhi, currently suffering from its worst smog crisis in years.BS-VI norms are scheduled to be implemented across India in April 2020.BS-VI fuel will bring down sulphur by 5 times from the current BS-IV levels-A remarkable 80% reduction and would make fuel extremely clean.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Doifode, S.K. and A.G. Matani. 2013.Advanced environment protection techniques by industries: Potential for corporate social responsibility activities. Int. J. Civil. Eng., 7 (2): 14-18. Gauderman, W.J., et al. 2002.Association between air pollution and lung function growth in Southern California children: Result from a second cohort. Am. J. Respiratory Critical Care Medicine.166 (1): 74-84.
Literature cited 2: Hamelinck, Carlo, et al.2013.Project number: BIENL 13187 Ecofys 2013 by order of Ministry of infrastructure and the Environment. ECOFYS, Netherland B.V. Lee, I.C., et al. 2010.Spray jet penetration and distribution of modulated liquid jets Tech, 24 (7): 1425-1431.

ID: 65124
Title: A review on a heavy metal (Arsenic) contamination in ground water , soil and translocation in plants
Author: Rahul Kumar, Manishita Das Mukherji, Sukalyan Chakraborty and Rana Mukherji
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 591-600
Subject: A review on a heavy metal (Arsenic) contamination in ground water , soil and translocation in plants
Keywords: Arsenic,Translocation, crops, groundwater, toxicity
Abstract: Arsenic is a metal responsible for health hazard due to its toxicity. It is present worldwide in trace quantity in groundwater, soil and plants. Arsenic mainly enters the groundwater by both natural processes, such as dissolution of arsenic-containing minerals and anthropological activities, such as use of arsenic containing pesticides. According to WHO (2011) the maximum concentration level of arsenic in drinking water is 10 µg/L. India and Bangladesh are one of the worst affected countries by arsenic contamination. Moreover, the problem increases a most of the irrigation in these countries is done by groundwater in dry season. Hence the arsenic which was present in groundwater has now been taken up by crops which are translocated into various parts from roots. It is the matter of immediate concern to mitigate the health hazards due to the arsenic contaminated groundwater and food crops irrigated with it.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abedin, Md., et al. 2002.Arsenic accumulation and metabolism in rice (Oryza sativa L). Env. Sci. Tech., 36:962-968. Acharya, S.K.2002.Arsenic contamination in groundwater affecting major parts of southern West Bengal and parts of western Chhattisgarh: Source and mobilization processes. Current Science, 82 (6) : 740-744.
Literature cited 2: Arain, M.B., et al.2009.Respiratory effects in people exposed to arsenic via the drinking water and tobacco smoking in southern part of Pakistan. Sci. Total Env.407:5524-5530. Bhowmick, S., et al. Arsenic mobilization in the aquifers of three physiographic settings of West Bengal: Understanding geogenic and anthropogenic influences. J. Hazard. Mater., 262-915-923.

ID: 65123
Title: Application of raw crusher dust for improving agricultural productivity of Zea mays. L and Phaseolus vulgaris L
Author: Rojali Maharana, Ankita Bhushan and Nabin Kumar Dhal
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 585-590
Subject: Application of raw crusher dust for improving agricultural productivity of Zea mays. L and Phaseolus vulgaris L
Keywords: Amendment, Crusher dust (CD) , Phasolus vulgaris, plant growth, Zea mays
Abstract: Crushed stone is one of h most available resource which is used for construction and other industries as a basic raw material. Stone dust, also known as rock powders, consists of finely crushed rock, processed by natural or mechanical means, containing minerals and trace elements which can be used in agricultural practices. A pot experiment was, therefore, conducted by amendment of crusher dust in different ratio and its effects on plant physiological and biochemical activity were studied at two different plants, that is, maize (Zea mays) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The results obtained from this study showed a consistent increase in germination percentage, root length, shot length, fresh and dry weight, leaf area, photosynthetic pigment content and foliar protein content. In case of Zea mays T3 (35 g CD) per kg of soil and Phaseolus vulgaris T4 (45 g CD) shows best result in comparison to controls.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Allen, S.E. H.M. Grimshaw and A.P. Towland. 1996.Methods in plant ecology. In Chemical analysis. Ed P.D. Moore and S.B. Champan .Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford, London. pp 285-344. Allison, L.E. 1965.Organic carbon. In Methods of soil analysis (Part II). Ed C.A. Black. Am. Soc. of Agram Inc.Publ.,Madison. pp 1367-1376.
Literature cited 2: Bray, R.H. and L.T. Kurtz. 1945.Determination of total organic and available forms or phosphorus in soils. Soil Sci., 59: 39-45. Chaturvedi, N., N.K. Dha and P.S.R. Reddy. 2012.Phyto stabilization of iron ore tailings through Calophyllum inophyllu L. Int. J. Phytoremediat., 14: 996-1009.

ID: 65122
Title: Fluoride removal ingroundwater using Phyllanthus emblica (AMLA) as a natural adsorbent.
Author: M.Kavisri and Mary Kutty Abraham
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 578-584.
Subject: Fluoride removal ingroundwater using Phyllanthus emblica (AMLA) as a natural adsorbent.
Keywords: Adsorption, Biosorbents, Defluoridation, Phyllanthus emblica
Abstract: Fluoride contamination has become a huge intimidation in potable water over all parts of the world. Lack of consumption causes dental caries and over intake leads to dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. According to Word Health Organization prescribed limit of fluoride content in drinking water is 1 to 1.5 mg/L. The process of removal or excessive fluride in aqueous solution is known as defluoridation. It could have done using many techniques, one such method is adsorption. It is one of the most competent and effective method, which is widely used even when the concentration of fluoride is very high. This paper deals with removal of fluoride using natural biodegradable adsorbents that are thermally activated. Seeds of Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) is the biosorbents prior in the study. These seeds were heated up to 973 K to attain activation temperature. The adsorption of fluoride was studied by adding biosorbents in prepared fluoride stock solution. The objective of this present study is to treat the fluoride contaminated water by adopting an alternative technique, that is reliable, economically low and household view in rural areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Amim, Farah, et al.2015.Biosorption of fluoride from aqueous solution by white-rot fungus plerotus eryngii ATCC 90888.Env. Nanotech, Monitoring and Manage., 3:30-37. Christina, Evangeline, et al. 2015.Adsorptive fluoride removal from aqueous solution by using saponified orange peel residue immobilized sorbent. Int. J. Pharma and Biosci., 6(1): 577-588.
Literature cited 2: Dobaradaran, Sina et al.2016.Biosorption of fluoride from aqueous phase onto Padina sanctae crucis alagea evaluation of biosorption kinetics and isotherms. DOI 10.1080/19443994.2016.1182081. Dwivedi, Shubha, et al.2014.Bioadsorption of fluoride by ficus religiosa (Peepal leaf powder): Optimization of process parameters and equilibrium study.Res.J.Chem.Sci., 4 (7) :52-60.

ID: 65121
Title: Fertilizer consumption in India an ned for its balanced use: review
Author: Mohammad Usama and Monowar Alam Khalid
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 564-577
Subject: Fertilizer consumption in India an ned for its balanced use: review
Keywords: Integrated nutrient managemnt , Manures, Fertilizer consumption, agro-ecological zones.
Abstract: Plants require macronutrients and micronutrients for its growth and fertilizers are the source of these nutrients which not only enhance the plant growth but also maintain the soil fertility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pattern of fertilizer consumption, production, trends in India and suggest the sustainable use of fertilizers based on requirements of various crops, agro-climatic zones, soil and climate. The data for major fertilizer consuming zones and states helps us to understand consumption pattern in our country. During the period 2007-11.It was observed that west zone was consuming 31,116.73 kilotonnes of fertilizers which was the highest among the four zones and was also having the highest total annual compound growth rate percentage of 9.68. Among major fertilizer consuming states of India Uttar Pradesh was found to be consuming maximum fertilizers, that is 16, 621.29 kilotonnes. Rice and wheat are the major crops which are consuming 37% and 24% of the total fertilizers consumed in India among various crops. Climatic factors, like rainfall pattern have a very crucial role in the consumption of fertilizers as their demand increase with an increase in irrigated areas. Agro-ecological zone no.7 was consuming 177.1 kg/ha of fertilizer which was the highest among the different agroecological zones of India. The paper also aims to recommend that fertilizers should be used in a balanced manner through integrated Managment of nutrient involving the use of chemical fertilizers, biofertilizers, compost and vermicompost. Balanced use of fertilizers will reduce harmful effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment and will help in making our agriculture sustainable. It also increases water and nutrients use efficiency, improve grain quality, soil health and give better economic returns to farmers and helps in sustainability. So, for sustainable growth in agricuture sector, it is imperative to reduce demand of chemical fertilizers without hampering food production. This can be achieved by having a better understanding of climate of India, its soil, agro-ecological zones and crop specific fertilizer requirements. The demand of fertilizer for consumption can also be fulfilled by bringing efficiency in the fertilizer application techniques, distribution system and extension services, increasing credit facilities and redesigning fertilizer subsidy policy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Agricultural Statistics at a glance. 2014.Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. http: eands.dacent.nic.in). Annual report 2014-15. Government of India, Ministry of Chemical and Fertilizers, Department of Fertilizers.
Literature cited 2: Annual Report 2016-17. Government of India, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers. Department of Fertilizers. Basu, P.K.2012.Compendium on soil health, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture and Co-operation (INM Division).

ID: 65120
Title: Characterisation of the quality ofair in the city of Kenitra (Morocco)
Author: Hadine Mohsine, Bahi Lahcen, Azami Rajaa and Rachidai Abdelatif
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 553-563
Subject: Characterisation of the quality ofair in the city of Kenitra (Morocco)
Keywords: Air quality, Characterization, Air pollution, Standard, Gaseous pollutants, Particulate pollutants, Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Suspended particulate matter (SPM), Lead (Pb) , Cadmium (Cd), Kenitra (Morocco)
Abstract: Often submitted the effects of fog, near the Atlantic Ocean, more and more urbanized, the city of Kenitra is exposed to the risks of atmospheric pollution. In order to characterize this pollution, eight sites are chosen and targeted to assess the background level of pollution. The main pollutants monitored are : SPM, Pb, Cd, NO2 and SO2.The obtained results show that the levels of pollutants studied SPM, NO2, SO2 exceed Moroccan standards (respectively 300, 200 and 200 µg/m3) in all sites except Bir Rami East. The sites of Bir Rami, Palace of the fair, Corniche Oued Sebou and Carrefour Kasbah have lower Pb and Cd content to the recommended standards. In addition, only the industrial district recorded cadmium levels that exceeded 0.04 µg/m3 (national standard). The district of Bir Rami remains spared (unpolluted air). From its results pollution maps are in progress. The present study also aims to identify the main source of each element (the various industrial processes do not emit the same pollutants and the polluting effect of the vehicles being itself dependent on several parameters). The climatic and/or weather conditions, are not the same, four different periods have been fixed (Spread over the whole year) for the samples. In view of these results, it appears necessary to deepen the study in this city for the establishment of effective public policies for reducing emissions from mobile and/or stationary sources.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abu-Allaban, M. et al.2007.Sources of PM 10 and PM2.5 in Cairo's ambient air. Env. Monit. Assess, 133: 25-417. EEMA-CARRIE, Laurent. 1994.Roads and highways on the verge of asphyxiation? pp11.
Literature cited 2: Afnor. 1991.Gas analysis. In Air quality (vol1). pp178-179. Afnor. 1996. Environment. In Air quality. pp 35-38.

ID: 65119
Title: Predicting leaching behaviour of various salts of chloride through soil using glass column
Author: Anuj Kumar Garg,Ashu Rani and A.K. Gupta
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (7) July 18 page 543-552
Subject: Predicting leaching behaviour of various salts of chloride through soil using glass column
Keywords: Leaching, Chloride 9Cl-), Soil column, Soil pollutants
Abstract: The leching of the various salts from soil can result in the loss of pollutants and cause the groundwater contaminated. In the present paper leaching of chlorides salts in the natural slight acidic soil has been described. Various chloride sats, namely NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, AlCl3 have been used as sources of leachable chlorides. Soil samples for leaching study were collected from a field near the indutrial are located in Hapur district of the State Uttar Pradesh in India. The leaching study of various chloride salts is carried out in the laboratory by using flow method in glass column. Initial leaching rates have been calculated and linear power form of equation has been derived for salts of chloride. The effect of size of attached cations of various chloride salts, water filled porosity (Ɵ), BTC (break through curve) and effect of soil temperature on leaching of chloride salts is discussed. Present study proves that leaching of various chloride salts can be studied by initial rate method and it can be applied for monitoring the fate of applied chloride in agricultural fields in the form either fertilizers or in irrigation water supply.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alcala, F.J. and E. Custodio. 2008a.Atmospheric chloride deposition in continental Spin. Hydrol. Processes. 22 (18): 3636-3650. APHA.2000. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater including bottom sediments and sludges. American Public Health Association, Washington D.C.
Literature cited 2: Baruah, T.C. and S. Hasegawa. 2002.Calibration of time domain reflectometry (TDR)method and use of TDR data for estimation of soil water diffusivity. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci., 50 (1): 1-7. Biggs, A.J.W. 2006.Rainfall salt accessions in the Queensland Murray-Darling Basin. Australian J. Soil Res., 44(6): 637-645.

ID: 65118
Title: Characterization of wastewater and sludge generated from a printed circuit board fabrication industry and contamination of sludge
Author: Meyyappan Revathi, Durairaj Malathy,Maria letticia and Subhash Chandra Bose Raghu
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti VermaProf D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (6) June 18 page 533-542
Subject: Characterization of wastewater and sludge generated from a printed circuit board fabrication industry and contamination of sludge
Keywords: Printed circuit board (PCB), electroless plating, wastewaters, characterization, sludge
Abstract: Production of printed circuit boards 9PCBs) involves the plating and selecting etching of flat circuits of copper supported on a noncunductive sheet of plastic. Each manufacturing process many generate Mutiple waste streams. Printed circuit board industries employ a treatment process for this waste streams is precipitation, which produces a significant volume of sludge. This report presents information on the characterization of wastewater and sludge generated from atypical, printed circuit board manufacturing industry. The study involves the analysis of the parameters, such as chlorides, sulphates, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness and some heavy metals originated from various sectors of printed circuit board fabrication. The sludge samples were analyzed for its heavy meatal content, like nickel, copper, zinc, iron and lead. This work also includes the recovery of copper metal from sludge by an electro-winning process.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aksu et al.2002.Equilibrium modelling of individual and simultaneous biosorption of chromium (VI) and nickel (II) onto dried activated sludge. Water Res.,36 (2): 3063-3073. Alaerts, G.J., et al.1989.Use of coconut shell-based activated carbon for chromium (VI) removal. Water Sci. and Tech., 21 (12): 1701-1704.
Literature cited 2: APHA, AWWA, WPCF. 1995.Standard method for analysis of water and waste-water sewage (19th edn). American Public Health Association, Water Pollution Control Federation, Washington, D.C. Kirsch, F.W., et al.1991.Waste minimization assessment for a manufacturer of printed circuit boards.91:22.

ID: 65117
Title: Assessment of socio-environmental and health status of residents near Valiathura sewage farm in Thiruvanthapuram district
Author: Jainy Varghese and D.S. Jaya
Editor: Prof D.S.Bhargava and Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2018
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 38 (6) June 18 page 511-525
Subject: Assessment of socio-environmental and health status of residents near Valiathura sewage farm in Thiruvanthapuram district
Keywords: Health status, communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, sewagefarm, Valliathura
Abstract: The present study was carried out to understand the socio-economic , environmental and health status including the prevalence of diseases among the residents in the surroundings of Valiathura sewage farm in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala. The detailed survey was conducted during the month of September 2010 among the residents (N=100) in the surroundings of Valiathura sewage farm with a self-prepared questionnaire. The findings revealed that people in the study are socially and economically backwards. The sanitary conditions of households in the study area were very poor and 34 % dug wells situated very close (<3 m) to the latrine. The results showed that during the study period communicable diseases are more prevalent than non-communicable diseases. The residents adjacent the sewage farm and Parvathy Puthanar canal are suffering from water-borne diseases (Jaundice), vector-borne diseases (Chikungunya fever and Dengue fever) and skin diseases (facial rashes, itching problems and eye irritation). The study recommends stringent measures should be taken by the authorities of State Health Department to protect the wellbeing of people in Valiathura area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alex, S.C. 2000.Prevalence of hypertension and its correlates in elederly: a rural urban comparison in Thiruvanthapuram district, Kerala. Mater of Public Health Dissertation .Achutha Menon centre for health science studies, Sree Citra Tirunal Institute for medical sciences and technology,Thiruvanthapuram.pp 54. Anish, T. K. Vijayakumar and A.K.R. Leela. 2011.Domestic and environmental factors of chikungunya affected families in Thiruvanthapuram (Rural) district, Kerala J.Global Infect .Dis., 3 (1): 32-36.
Literature cited 2: Anonymous.2011.Report of the working group on disease burden for the 12th five year plan. Planning commission, Government of India. Anonymous, 2013.Health policy Kerala, Health and Family welfare Department, Government of Kerala.pp 37.