ID: 65560
Title: Status of Ambient Noise Level in Chennai City and Strategy for Mitigation
Author: R. Rajamanickam and S. Nagan
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (4) April. 22 page 415-423 2022.
Subject: Status of Ambient Noise Level in Chennai City and Strategy for Mitigation
Keywords: Chennai city, National ambient noise monitoring network, Noise pollution, Mitigation
Abstract: Environmental noise is an important public health issue, featuring among the top environmental risks to health. Central Pollution Control Board in association with State Pollution Control Boards established a national ambient noise monitoring network covering metropolitan cities in the country. Under this monitoring programme, the ambient noise level of Chennai city is being monitored on real-time basis at ten stations since 2015. The noise level recorded in these ten stations during 2020 was analysed on a daily, monthly and annual basis. The daily data reveals that daytime Leq varies from 30.38-92.50 dB(A), L10 varies from 63.61-87.34 dB(A), and L90 varies from 44.38-64.82 dB(A). The nighttime Leq varies from 30.23-90.47 dB(A), L10 varies from 57.90-88.16 dB(A) and L90 varies from 40.82-65.62 dB(A). The monthly average data reveals that two stations exceeded standards in all the months. The annual average data reveals that seven stations exceeded standards. The main source of noise is the road, rail and air traffic, construction, commercial, industrial, social and entertainment activities. Ambient noise can be controlled by various mitigation strategies including traffic management, control of vehicle speed and maintenance of roads, mass awareness, removal of encroachments and providing noise barriers, like tree plantation, zoning of areas to maintain separation from excessive noise zone, ban of the bursting of firecrackers, ban of air horns, loudspeakers, limiting the use of construction equipment at night, engaging quieter vehicles for waste collection and other public services, limiting the use of loud machinery and equipment, subsidize acoustical retrofits (for example double pane windows, mechanical ventilation) for existing residential buildings near traffic noise sources, proper land use planning and comply the noise standards.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Olayinka, O. S. 2012. Noise pollution in urban areas: The neglected dimensions. Env. Res. J., 6(4):259-271.
Sen, P., et al. 2014. Noise pollution assessment in Greater Agartala city: A case study. Int. J. Res. Eng. Tech., 3(9):402-407.
Literature cited 2: Dalal, P. 2014. Modeling and environmental impact assessment implementation by noise and air pollution reduction of Indian heavy diesel trucks on highways. Int. J. Plant Animal Env. Sci., 4(1):370-375.
Abbaspour, M., et al. 2015. Hierarchal assessment of noise pollution in urban areas – A case study. Transp. Res., D34:95-103.
ID: 65559
Title: Monitoring of Trace Elements in Snow of the Northern City Agglomeration
Author: A.Yu. Kozhevnikov, N.A. Shutskiy and A.V. Malkov
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (4) April. 22 page 408-414 2022.
Subject: Monitoring of Trace Elements in Snow of the Northern City Agglomeration
Keywords: Trace elements, Snow, Pollution, Total reflection x-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Abstract: The study of snow for the content of various contaminants is one of the methods for monitoring the state of the atmosphere. In urban agglomerations, the study of the content of trace elements is relevant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pollution and distribution of trace elements in a large city in Northern Europe – Arkhangelsk. The snow samples were collected in March 2015, 2019 and 2020. The snow samples were collected at 14 crossroads with maximum transport load. The concentration of trace elements was assessed in melt snow water using total external reflection x-ray fluorescence analysis. The obtained values of the concentrations of trace elements were evaluated in comparison with the standard values established as the maximum permissible in the Russian Federation and the EU and the calculation and comparison of the total pollution indices and pollution indices according to Nemerow were carried out. The results indicate that in 2015, an excess of the MPC level was recorded for such elements as iron (exceeding from 1.9-92.0 MPC levels), zinc (exceeding from 1.6-36.0 MPC levels) and manganese (exceeding from 1.1-1.2 MPC levels). The situation improved in 2019 and 2020, but the zinc content was still well above the maximum permissible content. We also calculated the total pollution indices. We found that in 2015 all the crossroads of the city of Arkhangelsk belong to the heavily polluted V class in terms of trace elements content. In 2020, these indices have dropped significantly. Statistically comparing the data obtained, it was found that the studied trace metal has a single source.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lebedev, A.T., et al. 2018. Semi volatile organic compounds in the snow of Russian Arctic islands: Archipelago Novaya Zemlya. Env. Poll., 239: 416-427. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.009.
Grannas, A.M., et al. 2007. An overview of snow photochemistry: Evidence, mechanisms and impacts. Atmos. Chem. Physics. 7: 4329-4373. DOI: 10.5194/acp-7-4329-2007.
Literature cited 2: Cereceda-Balic, F., et al. 2012. Impact of Santiago de Chile urban atmospheric pollution on anthropogenic trace elements enrichment in snow precipitation at Cerro Colorado, Central Andes. Atmos. Env., 47: 51-57. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011. 11.045.
Siudek, P., et al. 2015. Trace element distribution in the snow cover from an urban area in Central Poland. Env. Monitor. Assess., 187: 225. DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4446-1.
ID: 65558
Title: Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Orange 7 and Xylenol Orange Dyes via Advanced Oxidation Process Catalysed by Metal(II) Isonicotinates
Author: Anup Malakar, Anamika Talukdar, Birinchi K. Das, Nirupamjit Sarmah and Monideepa Chakrabortty
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (4) April. 22 page 399-407 2022.
Subject: Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Orange 7 and Xylenol Orange Dyes via Advanced Oxidation Process Catalysed by Metal(II) Isonicotinates
Keywords: Advanced oxidation process, Photocatalysis, Metal isonicotinate, Dye degradation, Acid Orange 7, Xylenol Orange
Abstract: Advanced oxidation processes involving the use of H2O2 as the green oxidant in presence of UV light and a catalyst are very effective in the oxidative degradation of water pollutants. Herein a few such processes involving metal (II) isonicotinate tetrahydrates, M(INA)2(H2O)4 (M=Fe, Co, Ni and Cu; INA=isonicotinate anion), as photocatalysts for oxidative degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and Xylenol Orange (XO) dyes are described. Optimization of parameters, such as initial dye concentration, catalyst dosage, pH and oxidant (H2O2) concentration influencing dye degradation efficiency has been carried out. The metal-organic catalysts being easily isolable and cost-effective complexes showing high degrees of activity in the degradation of the selected dyes, the presently developed method may be viewed as being highly promising. In terms of catalytic efficiency, while Fe(INA)2(H2O)4 is the most effective catalyst for the degradation of XO, Cu(INA)2(H2O)4 is found to be most effective in catalyzing the degradation of AO7.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Routoula, E. and S.V. Patwardhan. 2020. Degradation of anthraquinone dyes from effluents: A review focusing on enzymatic dye degradation with industrial potential. Env. Sci. Tech., 54(2): 647-664.
Mall, I.D., et al. 2005. Removal of Congo Red from aqueous solution by bagasse flyash and activated carbon: Kinetic study and equilibrium isotherm analyses. Chemosphere. 61: 492-501.
Literature cited 2: Ligrini, O., E. Oliveros and A.M. Braun. 1993. Photochemical processes for water treatment. Chem. Rev., 93: 671-698.
Juang, R.S., S.H. Lin and P.Y. Hsueh. 2010. Removal of binary azo dyes from water by UV-irradiated degradation in TiO2suspensions. J. Hazard. Mater., 182: 820-826.
ID: 65557
Title: Toxicity Assessment of Wastewater from Sewer System of Aurangabad City and Waluj Mahanagar Area, Maharashtra, India
Author: G.B. Rakh and M.B. Mule
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (4) April. 22 page 387-392 2022.
Subject: Toxicity Assessment of Wastewater from Sewer System of Aurangabad City and Waluj Mahanagar Area, Maharashtra, India
Keywords: Wastewater, Heavy metal ions, Bioassay, Mortality, Toxicity, Guppy fish
Abstract: The wastewater generated from Aurangabad city area (S1) and Waluj Mahanagar, Maharastra, India suburban residential area near to industrial area (S2) is flowing through sewer systems and meets the Kham river at different places and finally meets to Jaikwadi reservoir. The treated industrial effluent from CETP containing toxic chemicals and heavy metals are discharged in Kham river somewhere near Pandharpur and Patoda villages. The sewage mixed with treated industrial wastewater may impart toxicity which was studied in test organism Guppy fish. The contaminated water of Kham river is being used for domestic and irrigation purposes in the downstream areas. The present investigation deals with the testing of physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals contents of the wastewater flowing in Kham river near Pandharpur and Patoda villages. The physico-chemical parameters, such as temperature, pH, TDS, DO, COD, BOD, SO4, PO4 and NO3; ions, namely Ca, Mg, Na and heavy metals, namely Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in year 2017. As some heavy metal ions, such as Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd contents were determined significantly in wastewater. Therefore, the toxicity assessment of wastewater was carried out in Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) in terms of its LC10 and LC50 through bioassay test in laboratory. The results of toxicity study of wastewater near Waluj area show the mortality in Guppy fish confirming its toxic nature. The increasing concentration of wastewater during bioassay shows the increase in mortality percentage. The quality parameters of wastewater samples from S1 and S2 sites were found, COD (131, 910 mg/L), BOD (146, 279 mg/L), SO4 (12.2, 56.3 mg/L), Ca (8.01, 4.01 mg/L) and Zn (2.19, 2.39 mg/L) respectively. The COD, BOD and Zn were recorded higher in quantities than the prescribed limits of Central Pollution Control Board, India. The LC10 and LC50 were determined to wastewater samples at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr exposure period for samples collected from sampling sites S1 and S2. The initial percent mortalities in test organism Guppy fish were recorded as LC10=11.4853 and LC50=18.6208 for 24 hr to the wastewater collected from Waluj Mahanagar area (S2), whereas LC10=3.3551 and LC50=1.1310 for 48 hr were recorded in wastewater collected from Aurangabad area (S1) with the above results noted that initial mortality of 24 hr recorded in S2 sampling site whereas, 48 hr exposure period required in site S1. The toxic nature of wastewater indicates that there might be presence of poisonous heavy metal contents significantly which might be responsible for imparting mortality in test organism after exposure.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Morrison, G., et al. 2001. Assessment of the impact of point source pollution from the Keiskammahoek sewage treatment plant on the Keiskamma river – pH, electrical conductivity, oxygen-demanding substance (COD) and nutrients. Water SA. 27(4): 475-480.
Rahzia, H. and P.E. John. 2012. Short communication, rapid in-vitro tests to determine the toxicity of raw wastewater and treated sewage effluents. Water SA. 38(5): 807-812.
Literature cited 2: Wall, T.M. and H. W. Rebecca. 2018. Biological testing to control toxic water pollutants. J. Water Poll. Control Fed., 59(1): 7-12.
Emmanuela, E.B., et al. 2005. Eco-toxicological risk assessment of hospital wastewater: A proposed framework for raw effluents discharging into urban sewer network. J. Hazard. Mater., 117: 1-11.
ID: 65556
Title: Theocentric Environmentalism and Man’s Role in the Preservation of Ecology – A Study
Author: Usha Sadasivan, Bhuvaneswari Balachander and S. Vijayalakshmi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 380-384 2022.
Subject: Theocentric Environmentalism and Man’s Role in the Preservation of Ecology – A Study
Keywords: Environment, depletion of resources, Human attitude, Society, ecological destruction, Theocentrism
Abstract: This paper is a reflection on man’s role in the utilization and depletion of God-given bountiful resources on this earth. It expands on the important aspects of theocentrism and its relevance especially in the current situation when we are faced with alarming statistics of terrible natural disasters, most of them caused by man’s indifference and carelessness. Theocentrism challenges the use of the earth’s resources and is very staunch in its approach against the unrestrained materialism and consumerism of today’s society. It challenges mankind to move beyond being selfish by seeking satisfaction from nature and perceiving nature as God designed it. It demands that it is morally right to consume in moderation and recycle or reuse resources to the utmost. This article also chronicles the history of our co-existence with nature wherein we see that it has been influenced by several factors possessing sociological and cultural colouring. There is a growing interest in studying these contexts to understand the implication of such influences on human attitude and behaviour towards nature. A lot has been done to mitigate the mistakes of the past but a lot more has to be done and at a faster pace. The authors have surveyed how people of different age groups perceive this mammoth problem of ecological destruction and devastation taking place around them.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hoffman, A. and L. Sanderlands. 2004. Getting right with Nature: Anthropocentricism, ecocentricism and theocentricism. J. Organisation Env., 18(2):141-162.
Passmore, J. 1976. Man’s responsibility for Nature. Philosophical Review.85 (2):282-285.
Literature cited 2: Menton, T. 1994. The letters of Thomas Menton in times of crisis. Ed W.H. Shannon. New York.
Kennedy, Paul. 1993. Preparing for the twenty-first century. Random House publisher.
ID: 65555
Title: Degradation and DT-50 of Acenaphthylene in River Sediment under Ambient Conditions and Effect of Nutrients: An HPLC and GLC Analysis
Author: Abdul Kaabi, Apu Das and Prahash Chandra Sarma
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 374-379 2022.
Subject: Degradation and DT-50 of Acenaphthylene in River Sediment under Ambient Conditions and Effect of Nutrients: An HPLC and GLC Analysis
Keywords: DT-50, Acenaphthylene, Degradation, River sediment, NPK nutrients
Abstract: The degradation of acenaphthylene in river sediment was investigated in a 60 days experiment under two different chemical environments. GLC and HPLC analyses of soxhlet extracts in DCM and methanol solvent, respectively were done to find out the concentration of remaining hydrocarbon. By applying the method of integration on the results on concentration as per HPLC analysis, the rate of the chemical process was found to follow first-order kinetics. Disappearance time for 50% in days, that is DT-50 of the PAH was determined by using half-life equation of first-order reaction. It has been found that the DT-50 value under ambient conditions was found to be 41 days. Gas liquid chromatography was done for 53 min of two samples. The GLC report of first 10 min analysis exhibit that the total number of n-hexane soluble compounds in the acenaphthylene applied to soil decreases from 30 to 23 under the influence of NPK nutrients. These 23 peaks cover a total area of 96.765% in the chromatogram against 98.161% by the 30 peaks of the sample without NPK nutrients. This indicates that the presence of NPK nutrients accelerates the removal of the hydrocarbon and its derivatives from the soil.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ukiwe, L.N., et al. 2013. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation techniques: A review. Int. J. Chem., 5(4): 43-55.
Agrawal, N., et al. 2018. Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene and pyrene) by the ligninolytic fungi Ganoderma lucidum isolated from the hardwood stump. Bioresour. Bioprocess. 5(11): 1-9.
Literature cited 2: Kadri, T. 2017. Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by fungal enzymes: A review. J. Env. Sci., 51: 52–74.
Nafie, N.L. 2014. The chemical processes occurred in the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the soil by Fenton’s reagent. Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 5(2): 106 – 112.
ID: 65554
Title: Assessment of the Ecological State and Water Quality Class of Water Bodies in the Bukhara Region According to the periphyton Indicators
Author: Nazarov Jalolitdin-Sulton Erkinovich
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 367-373 2022.
Subject: Assessment of the Ecological State and Water Quality Class of Water Bodies in the Bukhara Region According to the periphyton Indicators
Keywords: Periphyton, Autotrophs, Heterotrophs, Reducers, Biotic periphyton index, Saprobic index, Diatoms, Mineraliza-tion of water
Abstract: Due to the increase in anthropogenic factors, such as the expansion of industrial production, urbanization, the development of virgin lands, the construction of new roads, the use of various methods of irrigation, etc., there is an inevitable deterioration in the quality of water, both for drinking and recreational purposes. At the same time, there is a need for wider use of tools for assessing various pollution of water sources. The article provides information on the ecological state of water bodies in terms of fouling or periphyton. Periphyton (fouling) – (from the Greek perijnw- to grow, overgrow) A.L. Benning, 1924)), communities of organisms living on a variety of underwater (living or dead) substrates, raised above the bottom, regardless of their origin (hydraulic structures, walls of water pipes, on concrete slopes and snags, on aquatic plants and animals [1]. The composition of fouling includes representatives of three main functional groups: autotrophic organisms – producers (algae); heterotrophic organisms – consumers (protozoa, rotifers, worms, molluscs and others) and decomposer organisms (zoogloeal, filamentous, rod-shaped, coccoid and other forms of bacteria and fungi). Periphyton, due to its confinement to the substrate, plays a primary role in assessing the quality of water and allows one to judge its average pollution for a certain period of time prior to the study. In other words, analysis of periphyton can indicate a prior deterioration in water quality that has not been detected in one-time chemical samples. Periphyton is indispensable in studies related to the assessment of the ecological state of water systems.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bening, A.L. 1924. To the study of the bottom life of the Volga river. In Monographs of the Volga biological station (vol 1).
Talskih, V.N. 2015. Ecological modifications of biocenoses of transformed aquatic ecosystems in the Central Asian region under drought conditions. Climate change, causes, consequences and adaptation measures, Uzhydromet, UNEP. Bulletin no. 9. Tashkent, Uzbekistan. pp 53-63.
Literature cited 2: Halilov, S.A., et al. 2012. Ulotrix algae of Uzbe-kistan. Namangan Publishing House, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan.
Ginatullina, E.N. 2020. Indicators of the ecological state of drinking and recreational water sources in Uzbekistan. Uzbek Biol. J., 1:39-44.
ID: 65553
Title: Wetlands in India: A Review of Ecological Implications, Distribution, Vulnerabilities and Conservation Strategies
Author: Shiv Shankar and Anuradha Mishra
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 357-366 2022.
Subject: Wetlands in India: A Review of Ecological Implications, Distribution, Vulnerabilities and Conservation Strategies
Keywords: Wetlands, Ecological services, Carbon sink, Anthropogenic activities, Ecological implications, Conservation strategies
Abstract: Wetlands, as the world’s most productive natural ecosystems, render enumerable ecological services, chiefly purification of water, flood control, carbon sink and stability of shoreline at a local and global scale. Globally, the wetlands are under tremendous pressure due to negative socio-economic and anthropogenic activities. In Indian subcontinent too, the issue of wetland degradation has cropped as a serious environmental concern. Aquatic habitats, namely tanks, ponds and lakes are under tremendous pressure due to unsustainable practices leading towards their degradation. Besides, conservation values and socio-economic significance of the wetlands have been deeply hampered due to the unavailability of authentic and updated information related to their development of policy, distribution on the Indian subcontinent, legal framework and government policies, etc. In the aforesaid backdrop, the present manuscript critically reviews the ecological implications of wetlands, their distribution, vulnerabilities and conservation strategies concerning the Indian subcontinent.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Keddy, P.A. 2010. In Wetland ecology principles and conservations. Ed P.A. Keddy. Combridge University Press, Cambridge, New York.
Bassi, N., et al. 2014. Status of wetlands in India. A review of extent, ecosystem benefits, threats and management strategies. J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud., 2:1-19.
Literature cited 2: Merriman, L.S., W. Hunt and K. Bass. 2016. Development/repening of ecosystems services in the first two growing seasons of a regional scale constructed storm water wetland on the coast of North Carolina. Ecol. Eng., 94:393-405.
Gupta, G., et al. 2020. Wetland as a sustainable reservoir of eco-system services: Prospects of threat and conservation. In Restoration of wetland ecosystem: A trajectory towards a sustainable environment. Ed A.K. Upadhyay, R. Singh and D.P. Singh. Springer, Singapore. pp 31-43.
ID: 65552
Title: Treatment of Brackish Water Using Acrylic Solar Still with Concentrating Dish
Author: M.R. Deepak Chakravarthy, V. Gopalakannan, S. Vengadesh Prasanth and V. Yogeshwaran
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 350-356 2022.
Subject: Treatment of Brackish Water Using Acrylic Solar Still with Concentrating Dish
Keywords: Solar still, Fins, Brackish water, Concentrating dish
Abstract: Water is essential for each and every living organisms residing in the earth. Nowaday’s earth is facing a severe water scarcity. According to the research which was done in 2019 it has been found that world will suffer severe water scarcity by the year of 2021. It is found that about 97% of water in the earth is saline water. The major cause for the water scarcity is the rise in population. It is a basic need to convert the saline or brackish water into the potable drinking water. The acrylic still enclosed with concentrating dish is a simple device which is used for converting brackish water into the potable drinking water. This paper presents a study about the acrylic solar still enclosed with concentrating dish. It gives the good productivity value and the water scarcity also be reduced by this method. This can be adopted in future for the purpose of converting brackish water into usable water and this process has the good efficiency value.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Edreis, E.M.A., et al. 2019. A mini review of techniques used to improve the tubular solar still performance for solar water desalination. Process Saf. Env. Prot.
Abdullah, A., et al. 2018. Performance evaluation of a humidification-dehumidification unit integrated with wick solar stills under different operating conditions. Desalination. 441:52-61.
Literature cited 2: Kabeel, A., Z. Omara and F. Essa. 2017. Numerical investigation of modified solar still using nanofluids and external condenser. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 75:77-86.
Kumar, D.B., et al. 2019. Performance analysis of specially designed single basin passive solar distillers incorporated with novel solar desalting stills : A review. Solar Energy. 185:146-164.
ID: 65551
Title: Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour Related to Plastic Waste Management : A Study on High School Students in Bangkok, Thailand
Author: Patricia Arttachariya
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 350-356 2022.
Subject: Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour Related to Plastic Waste Management : A Study on High School Students in Bangkok, Thailand
Keywords: Plastic waste, Environment, Attitude, Behaviour, Recycling, Thailand
Abstract: Plastic has many valuable applications and is found in several of the daily products we use. Yet, plastic waste is detrimental to the environment as well as can become life-threatening to humans, animals and marine life. The aim of this exploratory study is to examine the internal (knowledge of plastic waste, concern for the environment) and external factors (interpersonal influence and media) on attitude toward plastic waste. The study also examines the influence of attitude on behaviour related to plastic waste management. The respondents in this study were high school students in twelve schools located in various districts of Bangkok metropolis, Thailand. A total of 467 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 364 were considered valid for analysis. The three main hypotheses posited in the study were tested by multiple regression. The findings showed that all internal and external factors significantly influenced attitude; attitude in turn was also shown to significantly influence behaviour related to plastic waste management. The study concluded by offering several useful suggestions for better plastic waste management practices in the Thai context.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: PETI. 2020. The environmental impacts of plastics and micro-plastics use, waste and pollution: EU and national measures. Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs, PE 658.279. available at : http://www.europarl. europa.eu/supporting-analyse.
Sutter, J. D. 2016. How to stop the sixth mass extinction. CNN. available at : https://edition.cnn. com/2016/12/12/world/sutter-vanishing-help/index.html.
Literature cited 2: Leung, H. 2018. Five Asian countries dump more plastic into oceans than anyone else combined: How you can help. Forbes. available at : https://www.forbes. com/sites/hannahleung/2018/04/21/five-asian-countries-dump-more-plastic-than-anyone-else-combined-how-you-can-help/?sh=78e38f9f1234.
McKinsey Center for Business and Environment and Ocean Conservatory. 2015. Stemming the tide: Land-based strategies for a plastic-free ocean. available at : www.oceanconservatory.com.
Bangkok Post. 2020. War on plastic falters. 4 June pp 8.
ID: 65550
Title: Seasonal Variation in the Concentration of phosphorus in Chennai Lakes and assessment of water quality using the Trophic State Index
Author: P.K. Raji and Marykutty Abraham
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 336-341 2022.
Subject: Seasonal Variation in the Concentration of phosphorus in Chennai Lakes and assessment of water quality using the Trophic State Index
Keywords: Eutrophication, Phosphorus, Secchi disc, Trophic state index
Abstract: Monitoring eutrophication is an important part of evaluating and managing lake ecosystems. The present study aims to sample and analyze the water quality of various lakes in and around Chennai city for the sustainable development of water bodies. The experiment was carried out by collecting water samples during various seasons and parameters, such as total phosphorus, chlorophyll and Secchi depth were used to calculate the trophic state index (TSI). The results are used to classify the lakes according to TSI. Several methods have been adopted for the classification of lakes and to indicate their trophic status. The Carlson’s trophic state index, the most commonly adopted method, based on productivity, is used to determine the TSI. Fifteen lakes were selected and samples were collected during rainy, winter and summer seasons during the year 2017. Seasonal fluctuations in the parameters (total phosphorus, Secchi depth, chlorophyll-a) were analyzed. Based on the parameters Carlson’s trophic state index (CTSI) was calculated for each lake and accordingly lakes were classified. The CTSI values in this study range between 32-88. Among the selected lakes many were classified as eutrophic and hyper-eutrophic based on CTSI value. Lakes Chetpet and Porur are classified as oligotrophic and mesotrophic, respectively. The seasonal fluctuations in the trophic state and effect of climate change, alarm the possibility of progression from oligotrophic to mesotrophic lakes would be helpful for policymakers and lake restoration programmes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Horppila, J., et al. 2015. Oxygen flux and penetration depth in the sediments of aerated and non-aerated lake basins. Int. Reviews Hydrobiol., 100: 106-115.
Rast, W. 2009. Lakes: Freshwater storehouses and mirrors of human activities (briefing note). Assessment Programme Office for Global Water Assessment, Division of Water Sciences, UNESCO, Perugia, Italy.
Literature cited 2: Fisher, T.R., et al. 1972. Nutrient limitation of phytoplankton in Chesapeake bay. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser., 82:51-63.
Scheffer, M. 1998. Ecology of shallow lakes. Chapman and Hall, London.
ID: 65549
Title: Photo-Electrocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Rhodamine-B Dye using Titanium Electrodes Coated with RuO2/IrO2/TaO2
Author: R. Rathinam, T. Brindha, M. Petchiammal and A. Mohamed Ibrahim
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 328-335 2022.
Subject: Photo-Electrocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Rhodamine-B Dye using Titanium Electrodes Coated with RuO2/IrO2/TaO2
Keywords: Photo-electrocatalytic oxidation, Rhodamine B dye, RuO2/IrO2/TaO2 coated titanium electrode, Colour removal
Abstract: This work is focused on the study of photo-electrocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye by RuO2/IrO2/TaO2 coated titanium electrodes. Combining electrochemical and photo-catalysis technologies called photo-electrocatalytic technology offers the opportunity to separate electron–hole, photo-generated and promote the formation of highly reactive, oxidising species that contribute e-/h+ and to prevent their recombination. Experiment was carried out with various operating parameters, such as initial pH, applied current density, dye concentration, supporting electrolyte concentration, stirring speed and treatment time. The experimental results revealed that the colour removal increases with increase in current density and NaCl concentration, while it was found to decrease with the increase in initial dye concentration. Under the neutral medium, the decolourization efficiency reached 100% in 30 min of electrolysis time. The pH was found to be an important parameter for the process, the maximum efficiency of colour removal was achieved at pH 7.0. The GC-MS confirms the degradation of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hassan, A., et al. 2019. Photo-catalysts for degradation of dyes in industrial effluents: Opportunities and challenges. Nano res., 12:955-972.
Moses, G., et al. 2017. Photo-electrocatalytic water treatment systems: degradation, kinetics and intermediate products studies of sulphame-thoxazole on a TiO2–exfoliated graphite electrode. RSC Adv., 7: 40571-40580.
Literature cited 2: Neppolian, B., et al. 2002. Solar/UV-induced photocatalytic degradation of three commercial textile dye. J. Hazard. Mater., 89 (2-3):303-317.
Rathinam, R., et al. 2016. Decolourization of Rhodamine B from aqueous by electrochemical oxidation using graphite electrodes. Des. Water Treat., 57:16995 -17001.
ID: 65548
Title: Anticipated Performance Index of Tree Species for Green Belt Development using Air Pollution Tolerance Index
Author: P. Sekhar and Kisi Begna
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 316-327 2022.
Subject: Anticipated Performance Index of Tree Species for Green Belt Development using Air Pollution Tolerance Index
Keywords: Air pollution tolerance index, Ambo town, Green belt, Performance index
Abstract: In the present study the anticipated performance index of tree species from Ambo town was evaluated for the purpose of green belt development. For evaluating anticipated performance index of the species, alongwith biochemical parameters, biological and socio-economic parameters, such as plant habit, canopy structure, type of plant, texture, hardness and economic value of each species were considered. Descriptive statistics using crosstabs were used for data analysis using statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS version 21). Results of the present study have shown that highest air pollution tolerance index was found with Jacaranda mimosifolia (35.28) followed by Schinus molle (35.21) which were designated as ‘tolerant’ species whereas least air pollution tolerance index was associated with Croton macrstachs (12.28) followed by Olea africana (13.25) which are designated as ‘sensitive’ species. As far as anticipated performance scoring is considered, highest score was attained by Azadirachta indica (4) at site 1 and at site 2 highest score was attained by Schinus mole (4). At site 3, Psidium guajava attained highest anticipated performance index score of 4. Based on the chi-squared (X²) test value it was concluded that there is no significant relation exists between anticipated performance and tolerance index. Dust holding capacity has shown an inverse correlation with leaf area of plant species.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: GBD report. 2019. Global health impacts of air pollution. State of Global air/2020 report. USA.
Shannigrahi, A.S., T. Fukushima and R.C. Sharma. 2004. Anticipated air pollution tolerance of some plant species considered for green belt development in and around an industrial/urban area in India: An overview. Asian J. Biol. Sci., 61(2): 125-137.
Literature cited 2: Sharrock, S.S. and O. Wilson. 2014. A review of progress towards the global strategy for plant conservation 2011-2020. Technical series no. 81. Plant conservation report. Secretariat of the
Convention on Biological Diversity, Montréal, Canada.
Prajapati, S.K. and B.D. Tripathi. 2008. Anticipated performance index of some tree species considered for green belt development in and around an urban area: A case study of varanasi city, India. J. Env. Manage., 88(4): 1343-1349.
ID: 65547
Title: GIS Based Study of Reclamation of Degraded Semi-Arid Soil: A Case Study from Rajasthan, India
Author: Brototi Biswas, Ashutosh Singh, Praveen Kumar Rai, Jai Kumar and Sakshi Walker
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 302-315 2022.
Subject: GIS Based Study of Reclamation of Degraded Semi-Arid Soil: A Case Study from Rajasthan, India
Keywords: Biodiversity information system, Web GIS, weighted index overlay, remote sensing, soil salinity, Landuse land cover
Abstract: Soil degradation takes place not only as a result of interaction between physico-chemical and biological factors comprising topography, soil properties and climatic features but also includes human factors and landuse management practices. Web GIS can be used in rural development administration for planning, monitoring and exchange of data. A study was conducted in Dungargarh tehsil and Churu district of Rajasthan, India to demonstrate the integration of village-level spatial and non-spatial data alongwith the preparation of thematic maps which would be linked to a biodiversity information system database. The region suffers from the acute environmental problems of soil erosion, shifting sand dunes and excessive soil salinity alongwith the economic problems of lack of livelihood options. In this study, the integration of village level spatial and non-spatial data was done, into a useful tool called biodiversity/plant diversity information system (BIS), for environmental resource identification for sustainable environment and livelihood options. Various environmental parameters, like landuse/land cover (LULC), distribution of natural vegetation, soil, water and climate were examined and suitable thematic maps were prepared with an aim of making a present environmental database and probable environmental management and conservation techniques according to the strength and lacuna of the region in a sustainable way for the economic and environmental resurgence of this backward region. The various thematic maps were utilized for demarcation of the mentioned problems and prospects. Further weighted index overlay method was adopted to identify the suitability of the target species for dealing with each of the environmental problems and medicinal gardening. The thematic maps and attribute data were integrated through ArcGIS 10.2 and then published on Web GIS platform through Arc GIS online in a dynamic interactive Web application for ready reference and use by others.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Barbero-Sierra, C., et al. 2015. How is deseri-fication research addressed in Spain? Land versus soil approaches. Land Degrad. Develop., 26:423-432. DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2344.
Brevik, E.C., et al. 2005. The interdisciplinary nature of soil. Soil. 1:117-129. DOI: 10.10.5194/soil-1117-2015.
Literature cited 2: Taguas, E.V., et al. 2015. Exploring the linkage between spontaneous grass cover biodiversity and soil degradation in two olive orchard micro-catchments with contrasting environmental and management conditions. Soil. 1:651-664. DOI: 10.5194/soil-1-651-2015.
Khaledian, Y., et al. 2017. Assessment and monitoring of soil degradation during landuse change using multivariate analysis. Land Degrad. Develop., 28:128-141. DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2541.
ID: 65546
Title: Alpha Emitters in Water Samples for Some Marshes in Dhi-Qar Governorate, Iraq
Author: Awsam Abdulsattar Marzaali, Mohammed A. Al-Shareefi and Ali Abid Abojassim
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (3) Mar. 22 page 294-301 2022.
Subject: Alpha Emitters in Water Samples for Some Marshes in Dhi-Qar Governorate, Iraq
Keywords: Alpha emitters, SSNTD, Water and marshes in Dhi-Qar
Abstract: Radon (222Rn), radium (226Ra) and uranium (238U) concentration have been measured using solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) (TASTRAK CR-39 plastic) technique together with evaluation of the risk of average internal effective dose (AED) with lifetime cancer risk due to ingestion of 222Rn and 226Ra in water samples collected from various places of marshes in Dhi-Qar governorate. The average values of 222Rn, 226Ra and 238U in water samples were found to be 288.92±34.10 Bq/m3, 0.46±0.05 Bq/L and 0.61±0.07 ppm, respectively. The average values of AED (mSv/y) due to ingestion of 222Rn and 226Ra in samples under study were found to be 0.019±0.002 and 0.094±0.01, respectively. The average of total AED and lifetime cancer risk were 0.11±0.01 mSv/y and (4.3±0.05)×10-4, respectively. The average value of 222Rn and 226Ra were found to be within the global average limitations (0.4 Bq/L) and (1 Bq/L) recommended by WHO, while the average of 238U concentrations was higher than that of global average limitations (0.566 ppm) recommended by EPA. Most results of AED due to 222Rn and 226Ra concentrations in samples under study were compared with the worldwide median value recommended by WHO. But, lifetime cancer risk in all samples of the present study were higher than the safety limit for healthy drinking water. So, drinking from the water of marshes in the Dhi-Qar governorate, Iraq which is contaminated with alpha emitters, like 222Rn, 226Ra and 238U may lead to a considerable variation in the internal effective dose.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: L’annunzia, M.F. 2016. Radioactivity : Introduction and history, from the quantum to quarks (2nd edn). Elsevier.
L’annunzia, M.F. 2012. Handbook of radioactivity analysis (3rd edn). Academic Press.
Literature cited 2: Murray, R.L. 1981. Understanding radioactive waste. U.S. Department of Energy, Battelle Institute Memorial.
Clark, R.B. 1989. Marine pollution. Oxford University Press, New York.