ID: 65605
Title: Impact of coal mining activities on air environment in the Jharia coalfield region, India : A review
Author: Pramod Kumar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 752-757 2022.
Subject: Impact of coal mining activities on air environment in the Jharia coalfield region, India : A review
Keywords: Coal mine fire, air quality status, Jharia coalfield, human health risk
Abstract: Coal is an important resource in India, and it plays a significant role in the energy sector and industrial growth of the country. However, adversely, the coal mine fire, mining of coal and associated activities release particulate matter (PM), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), toxic gases and metals into air environment and impose many health issues on the local population. The mine fire and poor air quality have been a common hazard affecting the people of the Jharia coalfield (JCF) in district Dhanbad, Jharkhand. The present study reviews the status of air pollution and mine fire area in the Jharia coalfield, which can be useful to environmentalists and decision-makers for establishing the strategies to control the environmental issues in the affected areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ministry of mines, Govt. of India. 2018-19. Annual report. Available at : https://mines.gov.in/writereaddata /Upload File/English 637094270360 450099.pdf.
Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. 2019. Energy statistics.
Literature cited 2: Singh, G. 2008. Mitigating environmental and social impacts of coal mining in India. Mining Engineer’s J., 8-24.
Swer, S. and O.P. Singh. 2004. Status of water quality in coal mining areas of meghalaya, India. Proceedings of National Seminar on Environmental engineering with special emphasis on mining environment, NSEEME-2004. IPHE, Bangladesh.
ID: 65604
Title: Potential Laccase Producer (Pleurotus Sajorcaju)
Author: B. Priyadharshini, R. Vishali, A. Anitha, G.R. Sujithra, Kowsalya, K.G. Purushotham and R.M. Narayanan
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 745-751 2022.
Subject: Potential Laccase Producer (Pleurotus Sajorcaju)
Keywords: Laccase, Pleurotus sajorcaju, Agro residues, Lignocellulosic substrates
Abstract: This paper enumerates the production of lignolytic extracellular enzyme, laccase enzyme from the fungal species- Pleurotus sajorcaju (an edible lignolytic mushroom) and usage of its agro residues as a potent biofertilizer. Fungus have been obtained and subcultured in potato dextrose agar and enzyme activity is checked using a substrate, guaiacol (phenolic compound). Changes in the Petri dishes, zonal formation around the mycelia discs shows the oxidizing property of the enzyme after the guaiacol addition is checked for a week and graph is plotted showing the differences. Solid state fermentation is carried on using various substrates (rice bran, wheat bran, wood powder, coconut coir, green pea husk, paper, sugarcane bagasse). Enzyme activity assay is done for all the above content assayed by guaiacol and protein activity assay (Bradford protein assay) is done, prognosis showed that the amount of enzyme produced by P. sajorcaju is high in green pea husk infused fermentation media. Temperature and pH optimization has been done and the results are compared between the test and control. Results are plotted in graph in accordance with optical density (OD), temperature and pH, respectively. Purification and characterization of laccase enzyme is done implementing the methods dialysis and SDS-PAGE, respectively. The agro residual waste, leftover residue after the extraction of media is screened for C, P,N,K content to ensure its biofertilizing capacity.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Walker, J.W.R. and R.F. McCallion. 1980. The selectice inhibition of ortho and para phenol oxidases. Phytochem., 19:373.
Cohen, R., L. Persky and Y. Hadar. 2001. Biotechnological application and potential of wood-degrading mushroom of the genus pleurotus. Appl. Microbiol. Biotech., 58:582-594.
Literature cited 2: Sarkanen, K.V. and C.H. Ludwig. 1971. Lignins: Occurence, formation, structure and reaction. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
Kainz, S., et al. 2007. International patent W02003053375A.
ID: 65603
Title: Geochemistry and Water Quality Evaluation for irrigational Suitability of Ilkalhalla Sub-basin, Bagalkote and Koppal Districts, Karnataka
Author: Shilpa P. Muragod, Ajaykumar N. Asode and Sreenivasa A
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 738-747 2022.
Subject: Geochemistry and Water Quality Evaluation for irrigational Suitability of Ilkalhalla Sub-basin, Bagalkote and Koppal Districts, Karnataka
Keywords: Ilkalhalla sub-basin, Water quality, Granites, Sodium absorption ratio, Kelley’s index
Abstract: A detailed study was carried out to evaluate the geochemical processes regulating groundwater quality and to assess the suitability of waters for agriculture in Ilkalhalla sub-basin of Bagalkote and Koppal districts of Karnataka, India. The area is composed of sandstone, pink and grey granite, granodiorite, metasediments and metavolcanics. The above studies were carried out by collecting 77 representative water samples each during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Collected water samples were subjected to physical and chemical analysis following standard operating procedures. Based on the results of analysis, irrigational parameters, such as SAR, Na%, RSC, PI and KI were calculated. Based on the TH values almost all the samples are falling in category of hard to very hard (>150 mg/L) during both seasons. Based on RSC values 7 and 20 number of water samples during PRM and POM, respectively are found to be unsuitable for use in groundwater. Based on USSL diagram, most of the water samples are falling into class of high salinity hazard type during both seasons which indicates that high salinity and low sodium waters are moderately suitable for irrigation purposes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Nickson, R.T., et al. 2005. Arsenic and other drinking water quality issues, Muzaffargarh district, Pakistan. Appl. Geochem., 20(1): 55–68
Campisi-Pinto, S., J. Adamowski and G. Oron. 2012. Forecasting urban water demand via wavelet-denoising and neural network models. Case study: city of Syracuse, Italy. Water Resour. Manage. 26 (12): 3539–3558.
Literature cited 2: Adamowski, K., A. Prokoph and J. Adamowski. 2009. Development of a new method of wavelet aided trend detection and estimation. Hydrol. Process. 23 (18): 2686–2696.
Butler, C. and J. Adamowski. 2015. Empowering marginalized communities in water resources management: addressing inequitable practices in participatory model building. J. Env. Manage., 153: 153–162
ID: 65602
Title: Challenges of Personal Protective Equipment Kits Encountered in Healthcare Sector and Environment Amidst Covid-19
Author: Shilpi Agarwal, Shailey Singhal, Jyoti Upadhyay and Kanchan Deoli Bahukhandi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 730-737 2022.
Subject: Challenges of Personal Protective Equipment Kits Encountered in Healthcare Sector and Environment Amidst Covid-19
Keywords: Personal protective equipment, Injury, Infection, Environment, Waste, Disposal
Abstract: SARS COVID-19 pandemic has threatened the world at various levels resulting in human loss, economic loss and environmental loss. In order to prevent the further transmission of COVID-19, a number of protective measures have been recommended and adopted by people, namely use of sanitizers, goggles, aprons, face covering, gloves and personal protective equipment (PPE) kits. Use of PPE kits has been very effective for health workers, such as doctors, nurses and policemen, however, the associated challenges including aftereffects of using PPE kits cannot be ignored completely. Same situation is being faced globally as people are using a giant volume of PPE in order to protect themselves from COVID-19 pandemic and its excessive use is generating huge quantity of PPE waste. This waste is causing huge environmental degradation, namely contamination of water, air and soil quality. In this paper an attempt has been made to describe the impact of PPE kits on human beings and global environment due to improper disposal methods. It also highlights the skin and respiratory problems confronted by healthcare workers caused by the use of PPE kits for extended hours indicating its long term impact on healthy living. A sustainable way of disposal and management of PPE waste has also been described.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhu, H., I. Wei and P. Niu. 2020. The novel Coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Global Health Res. Policy. 5(1):1-3.
Lin, P., et al. 2020. Adverse skin reaction among healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: A survey in Wuhan and its surrounding regions. British J. Dermatol., 183(1): 190-192.
Literature cited 2: Cucinotta, D. and M. Vanelli. 2020. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Bio-Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 91(1):157-160.
Worldometer. 2021. Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. Available at: https://www.worldometers.info/corona virus/?utm_campaign-home Advegas1 ?#countries.
ID: 65601
Title: Study of Noise Pollution in National Highway-19, Mathura City
Author: Shivam Srivastava and A. K. Mishra
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 722-729 2022.
Subject: Study of Noise Pollution in National Highway-19, Mathura City
Keywords: Mathura city, Noise pollution, Sound level meter, Federal Highway Administration, Health hazard, Road traffic noise pollution
Abstract: This research paper studied the background noise level of Mathura region. Exposure to a high level of sound pollution may lead to stress on the auditory and nervous systems. Traffic on some state highways at many locations, presence of heavy electricity generators and development of commercial zones are the main source of sound pollution in Mathura city. The study was conducted in March 2021. The traffic noise along highway corridors on national highways (NH–19) passing near Mathura city was administered at 4 different zones (silence zone, residential zone, commercial zone and industrial zone) with 5 specific locations with background level meter (Bruel and Kjaer, SL-4030) to access the day and night sound levels in Mathura city. The traffic noise prediction was completed with the assistance of the Fed us points within Mathura city at different locations near the highway during day hours were 52.2 dB and 92.4 dB and in night hours were 36.3 dB and 85.6 dB. The extent of noise was found to tend to the prescribed noise standard level of CPCB. Thus, it shows that Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) model is often used for the predictions of traffic noise in India under its limitations of accuracy. Day by day the noise pollution levels cross the given standard limits everywhere on the earth, so this often have a greater health risk to the exposed population, therefore, control measures should be initiated and supported on priority basis. Additionally, this research paper reviews the study on noise monitoring and noise mapping directed in several countries by many scholars. It reveals that only 10% of data are focused on the residential, commercial and industrial areas and rest 90% of data used in noise monitoring studies are focused on traffic noise pollution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Tandel, B. 2011. Urban corridor noise pollution: A case study of Surat city, India. International Conference on Environment and industrial innovation. Proceedings, 12:144-148.
Chauhan, A. 2010. Assessment of noise level in different zones of Haridwar city, Uttarakhand. Res., 2(7):56-59.
Literature cited 2: Dooling, R.J. and K.N. Propper. 2007. The effects of highway noise on birds. J. Human Ecol., 16 (3): 181-187.
Theakston, F. 2011. Burden of disease from environmental noise. WHO Regional office of Europe.
ID: 65600
Title: Evaluation of PVAc-MgO Nanocomposite Membrane
Author: M. B. Kumbhare and V. S. Sapkal
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 716-721 2022.
Subject: Evaluation of PVAc-MgO Nanocomposite Membrane
Keywords: Nanocomposite membrane, Permeability, Selectivity, Polymeric inorganic PVAc-MgO nanocomposite membrane
Abstract: Pure PVAc and PVAc-MgO (polyvinyl acetate-magnesium oxide) nanocomposite membranes were fabricated by solution casting and solvent evaporation methods. Nanocomposite membranes were characterized by the x-ray diffractometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyser to study the effect of MgO nanoparticles loading on structure, glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal stability of membrane. The performance of prepared membranes was evaluated in terms of permeability and selectivity of gases to study the effect of MgO loading on gas transport properties. CO2 + H2 mixed gas permeation test was carried out at fixed 24ºC temperature and 3 bar pressure. Obtained result shows that addition of MgO nanoparticles enhances the amorphous regions, thermal stability and glass transition temperature of membrane. Mixed gas permeation test shows that addition of MgO nanoparticles in the PVAc increases permeability of both CO2 and H2 and decreases H2/CO2 selectivity. The highest permeability of CO2 and H2 gas for PVAc-20% MgO nanocomposite membrane was found to be 9.889 and 12.120 barrer.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jacobs, M.L. and D.E. Gottschlich. 2014. Membrane technology and research.
Eureka Drive Inc. 39630, Newark, CA.
Hong, M., et al. 2008. Hydrogen purification using a SAPO-34 membrane. J. Membrane Sci., 307:277-283.
Literature cited 2: Korelskiy, D., et al. 2015. Efficient ceramic zeolite membranes for CO2/H2separation. J. Mater. Chem. A., 3:12500.
Sanstrom, L., E. Sjoberg and J. Hedlund. 2011. Very high flux MF1 membrane for CO2separation. J. Membrane Sci., 380:232-240.
ID: 65599
Title: Development of Handmade Geomesh from Paddy Straw for Erosion Control and Air Pollution Abatement
Author: R. C. Katdare, S. A. Halkude and S. S. Kashid
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 710-715 2022.
Subject: Development of Handmade Geomesh from Paddy Straw for Erosion Control and Air Pollution Abatement
Keywords: Paddy straw geomesh, Rainfall intensity, Slope erosion control, Tensile strength
Abstract: Paddy straw, abundantly produced in northern India is stacked in the field after its harvest. Financial liability to clear straw from their field for next crop forces farmers to take desperate decision to resort to open field burning causing severe air pollution. Global climate change also has catastrophic impact on the built environment in the form of incessant rains to cause erosion of slopes of newly built embankments. Control of erosion of such slopes would increase security and safety of the infrastructure. In the present work, paddy straw is used as an alternative to high ended materials, like jute and coir, to manufacture rolled erosion control products (RECP). The claim of paddy straw is justified since it has same chemical composition as that of jute and coir. Thus using IS15868 part 1 to 6, a mesh type rolled erosion control product (RECP), made from stems of paddy straw, using handmade technique and labelled as 6PSG-12 (12 referring to aperture size in mm) is proposed [1]. Paddy straw geomesh (6PSG-12) was tested and found to possess important index properties, like tensile strength, drapability and durability. Similarly bench scale testing has confirmed effectiveness of 6PSG-12 in controlling slope erosion in the field.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IS 15868 Part 1 to 6. 2008. Indian standard natural fibre geotextiles (jute geotextile and coir bhoovastra) – Methods of test. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi.
Pruski, F.F. and M.A. Nering. 2002. Runoff and soil-loss responses to change in precipitation: A computer simulation study. J. Soil Water Conser., 57(1):7-16.
Literature cited 2: Raj, M. and A. Sengupta. 2014. Rain-triggered slope failure of the railways embankment at Malda, India. Acta Geotechnica. 9:789-798.
Halkude, S.A. and R.C. Katdare. 2014. Design of experimental set-up for durability of paddy straw and erosion control in Pune, India. Int. J. Adv. Res. Education Tech., 1(1):49-56.
ID: 65598
Title: Implementation of Qual 2K Model for Water Quality Simulation in a Selected Stretch of Gomti River
Author: Deepika Singh, A. K. Shukla, G. Pandey and V. Dutta
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 703-709 2022.
Subject: Implementation of Qual 2K Model for Water Quality Simulation in a Selected Stretch of Gomti River
Keywords: Gomti river, QUAL 2K, River pollution, Drains, Point sources, Water quality prediction, Simulation
Abstract: Gomti river, the main tributary of Ganga river receives huge amount of untreated effluents through various point and non-point sources along its stretch. The application of QUAL 2K model simulates the water quality of some major drains applied as point sources for a selected stretch of Gomti river. The analysis involved the calibration of winter season (Dec-Jan 2018) data and validation of summer season (April-May 2019) data for flow discharge (Q), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS). The performance of the model was measured by statistical method of correlation coefficient (R2)=±0.30 to ±0.57 (moderate to high degree) between two variables, observed and simulated data. The results showed that there was continuous deterioration of DO (6.4±0.7), while increase in BOD5 (2.6±108) signifies that the water is neither suitable for drinking nor for aquatic life and also unfit for irrigation. The results of simulation were validated and showed close relationship with observed values. Assessment of the present status of the Gomti river indicates that stringent measures (wastewater treatment plants) and soft measures have to be taken to save sanctity of the river.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Huang, S., et al. 2018. Contamination assessment and source identification of heavy metals in river sediments in Nantong, eastern China. Int. J. Env. Res., 12(11):1-17.
LDA. 2016. Lucknow master plan 2031. Lucknow Development Authority, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Literature cited 2: UPPCB. 2013. News report- UPPCB-reveals-deteriorating-condition Gomti river. Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board. Available at: http://www. india.waterportal.org.
Srivastava, S.C., P. Verma and M. Tripathi. 2014. Comparative analysis of the microbial load in cat fish (Mystus aor) and carp fish (Labio bata) from Gomti river, Lucknow, India. Flora Fauna. 20:77-82.
ID: 65597
Title: Large variation in concentrations of ultrafine (PM1) and coarse (PM10) mode particulate matter during lockdown and unlock phases of Covid-19
Author: Jaspreet Kaur, Charu Jhamaria, Suresh Tiwari, Harsha Parwani and Shivani Sharma
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 694-702 2022.
Subject: Large variation in concentrations of ultrafine (PM1) and coarse (PM10) mode particulate matter during lockdown and unlock phases of Covid-19
Keywords: COVID-19, Coarse particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, Lockdown phases, Ultrafine particulate matter
Abstract: Due to the strict enforcement of lockdown, the air quality index improved drastically in the cities across the globe within a few days of lockdown globally. The present study was conducted in Jaipur city to evaluate the effect of lockdown phases on the concentrations of PM10, PM1, NO2, SO2, CO and O3. Among the selected pollutants PM1 (-61.15%) and PM10 (-40.50%) witnessed the maximum reduction in the lockdown phase 1. Among others, gaseous pollutants also showed a declining trend, as NO2 (-69.61%) witnessed maximum reduction followed by CO (-25%) and S O2 (-13.74%). In contrast to this, the O3 (+24.26%) showed the opposite trend. The decreasing trend of pollutant concentrations continued upto the 2nd phase of lockdown, after which conditional relaxations in restrictions led to an increase in pollutants. In comparison to last year (that is 2019) during the same period, the concentration of atmospheric pollutants in 2020 was found to be very low. Ultrafine particulate matter showed a decreasing trend throughout the study whereas coarse mode particles shows a decreasing trend till the 3rd phase of lockdown and increased later on. Whereas, most of the gaseous pollutants show a decreasing trend in almost all phases except O3 showing a reverse trend.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bera, B., et al. 2020. Significant impacts of Covid-19 lockdown on urban air pollution in Kolkata (India) and amelioration of environment health. env. develop. sustain., 23(5): 6913-6940. DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00898-5.
Tian, S., et al. 2020. Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies. Modern Pathol., 33:1007-1014.
Literature cited 2: Zhu, Y., et al. 2020. Association between short-term exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 infection: Evidence from China. Sci. Total Env., 727:138704. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv./2020. 138704.
WHO. 2020. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): India situation reports. Available at: https://www.who.int/india /emergencies/coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)/india-situation-report. (Accessed on 2020).
ID: 65596
Title: Kinetic Modeling of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor – Operating on Distillery Effluent
Author: D. D. Mohite, S. S. Salimath and V.V. Muthekar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 685-693 2022.
Subject: Kinetic Modeling of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor – Operating on Distillery Effluent
Keywords: Anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor, Distillery effluent, Chemical oxygen demand, Biogas, Pollution, Stover Kincannon kinetic model
Abstract: To identify the viability and performance, distillery effluent having very high organic content was studied on continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Under different organic loading rates (OLR) and optimum conditions for highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and biogas generation was found for OLR of 0.10-0.11 COD kg/day. Highest COD exertion efficiency was found to be around 73% for OLR of 9.166 kg COD/m3/day when hydraulic retention time (HRT) was reduced from 15 to 14 days. Biogas generation was observed to be around 30 L/day with a conversion coefficient of 0.405 and volatile fatty acids (VFA) to alkalinity ratio was recorded to be 0.12 in this stage. Applying the modified Stover Kincannon model to the reactor, the maximum removal rate constant (Umax) and saturation value constant (Kb) were found to be 17.123 kg/m3/day and 33.471 kg/m3/day, respectively. These records are predominantly significant when operating the anaerobic biodigesters for treating the distillery effluent along with the production of biogas as an energy source. CSTR can effectively be employed in treatment of this effluent, however, post bio-digestion effluent still contains considerable COD. To meet the pollution norms and standards it needs to be treated further. To understand the complex biological treatment process of this effluent further trials are required to be conducted.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shankaran, K., et al. 2011. Analysis on biode-radation and colour reduction of distillery effluent spent wash. Asian J. Sci. Tech., 2(3):15-21.
Chidanand, P., P. Kalbungi and M. Ghorpade. 2015. Performance and evaluation of sugar and distillery effluents treatment plant. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 2(3):1456-1460.
Literature cited 2: Tapas, N., S. Shastry and S. Kaul. 2002. Wastewater management in a cane molasses distillery involving bioresource recovery. J. Env. Manage., 65(1):25-38.
Pankaj, C., K. Nawaz and R. Bhargava. 2018. Distillery wastewater: It’s impact on environment and anaerobic digestor: A review. Env. Analysis Ecol. Studies. 1(2):14-17.
ID: 65595
Title: Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured ZnO by Simple Sol-Gel Method and Investigation of its Adsorptive Capacity
Author: Bahga Saleh, Samreen Fatema, Mazhar Farooqui and Shaikh Yusuf
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 670-675 2022.
Subject: Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured ZnO by Simple Sol-Gel Method and Investigation of its Adsorptive Capacity
Keywords: Sol-gel, Zinc oxide-nanoparticles, Adsorption, Crystal violet, Fourier transform infrared, Scanning electron micro-scopy-electron diffraction x-ray, X-ray diffraction
Abstract: The present research work contained the preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) by five different methods. Characterization, such as FTIR, SEM-EDX and XRD and comparative studies were carried out. The investigation was processed by an adsorption study of all five NPs for effect of different parameters, such as concentration of adsorbent, concentration of dye, pH, contact time, etc. In the present work Crystal Violet (CV) dye was selected for the adsorption study. Isotherm, thermodynamics and kinetic studies were done and comparative tables are shown for all five NPs.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Haritha, M., et al. 2011. Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide NPs and its antimicrobial activity, against bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. rasayan J. Chem., 4(1): 217-222.
Brintha, S.R. and M. Ajitha. 2015. Synthesis and characterization of ZnO-NPs via aqueous solution sol-gel and hydrothermal methods. IOSR J. Appl. Chem., 8(11): 66-72.
Literature cited 2: Moosavi, F., M. E. Bahrololoom and R. Kamjou. 2016. Effects of Cu doping on nano structure, morophology and photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin film synthesized by sol-gel method. Studia UBB Chemia. LXI (1):79-87.
Ibrahim, N.B., S.M. AL-Shomar and S.H. Ahmad. 2013. Effect of annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel method. Sains Malaysiana. 42(12):1781–1786.
ID: 65594
Title: Microarthropod Communities as a Tool to Evaluate Soil Quality in Tea Agroecosystem: The Biological Quality of Soil Index
Author: Saddam Syed and D.C. Ray
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 670-675 2022.
Subject: Microarthropod Communities as a Tool to Evaluate Soil Quality in Tea Agroecosystem: The Biological Quality of Soil Index
Keywords: Biological soil quality index, Eco-morphological index, Microarthropods, Biological quality of soil (QBS-ar), Soil quality
Abstract: Attention has been given to the concepts of soil quality and soil health as a result of the implementation of sustainable development goals. Soil quality is the capacity of soil to sustain and function effectively as a component of healthy environment. The present study was conducted to assess soil quality with the use of soil microarthropods as indicated by biological quality of soil (QBS-ar) index in two tea agroecosystems with different agronomic practices, namely organic and conventional, located in south Assam.The QBS index is an approach to evaluate soil quality based on the microarthropod fauna present in the edaphic environment. Each type that occurred in the soil samples is given a score ranging from 1-20 called eco-morphological index, based on its adaptation level in the soil environment. The QBS values are slightly higher or similar in the organically managed system as compared to the conventionally managed one. The soil quality of the organic site ranged from medium to very good while that of conventional site was medium only during the sampling periods. The study encourages application of indicator values based on microarthropods to soil quality, management and conservation studies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Altieri, M. A. 1999. The ecological role of biodi-versity in agroecosystems. Agric. Ecosys. Env., 74: 19–31.
Lavelle, P., 2000. Ecological challenges for soil science. Soil Sci., 165: 73–86.
Literature cited 2: Menta, C. et al. 2011. Are grasslands important habitats for soil microarthropod conservation? Biodivers. Conser., 20: 1073–1087.
Lavelle, P., et al. 2006. Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. European J. Soil Biol., 42: 3-15.
ID: 65593
Title: Environmental Impact of Ash Pond of a Thermal Power Plant on Groundwater Quality
Author: V. Ramakrishna, A. Ambica Tejaswi, M. Venkata Reddy, K. Harika and B. Rajasekhar Reddy
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 660-669 2022.
Subject: Environmental Impact of Ash Pond of a Thermal Power Plant on Groundwater Quality
Keywords: Ash pond, Leachate, Groundwater contamination, Health impacts, Flyash
Abstract: Ash pond is the term associated with thermal power plants where the ash is disposed of in a low lying area by mixing with water. The water percolates into the subsoil and ash after sun drying will be used for recycling purposes. The physico-chemical properties of groundwater are affected due to wet disposal. The groundwater samples collected from the surrounding villages near an ash pond of a thermal power station (TPS) near Vijayawada were investigated for possible contamination of groundwater. Total dissolved solids, total hardness and sulphates were found to be major quality parameters in the samples. The groundwater quality in majority of sampling locations is not suitable for drinking. Further, leaching studies were performed in laboratory to assess the variation of leaching properties from the ash with respect to time. The leachate was tested for selected physico-chemical parameters and analysed for their variation with time. It is found to have high TDS, turbidity and total hardness and confirmed that leaching is a slow process. A sample survey was conducted in all the villages where water samples were collected. It is noticed that the villagers are facing problems with the ash pond water contamination and dry ash rising into atmosphere. However, the local groundwater is helpful for irrigation purposes due to the low values of sodium absorption ratio and residual sodium carbonate index. The utility of flyash from ash pond was tested for its removal of fluoride. The results of treatability studies indicated that at low concentrations of adsorbent dose, a 70% removal of flouride from synthetic fluoride solution and 50% removal from field sample.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Raghuram, M. and V. Bhagyalakshmi. 2016. A study on groundwater quality in and around Kondapalli area. Int. J. Multidisciplinary Approach Studies. 3(3):54-62.
Suresh, I.V., et al. 1998. Effect of pond ash on groundwater quality: A case study. Env. Manage. Health. 9(5):200-208.
Literature cited 2: Chimpiriah, N., G. Sudhakar and V. Venkatar-athnam. 2017. Assessment of groundwater quality at Kondapalli industrial region. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 4(3):2425-2429.
Kumar, T. B., et al. 2016. Seasonal variations in physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater collected from Kondapalli Santhi Nagar near VTPs. Rasayan J. Chem., 9(4):858-863.
ID: 65592
Title: Solar Disinfection Improves Water Quality to Prevent Diarrhoea in Under-Five Children in Lucknow District, U.P.
Author: G.S. Madhumathi, Monika Agrawal and Prashant Gupta
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 652-659 2022.
Subject: Solar Disinfection Improves Water Quality to Prevent Diarrhoea in Under-Five Children in Lucknow District, U.P.
Keywords: Solar disinfection intervention, childhood diarrhoea, Water quality
Abstract: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of death among under-five children (U5C) in India. The consumption of contaminated water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene are major risk factors for diarrhoea in developing countries. To determine the effectiveness of solar disinfection intervention (SODIS) in reducing the incidence of diarrhoea among under five children, study was conducted in conveniently selected three urban slums of Lucknow, during the period from 1st May 2019 to 30th April 2020. Ninety-five children from intervention and control areas were included in the study. During follow-up period, occurrence of diarrhoea was monitored and compared between control and intervention area. The reduction in diarrhoea was 64.6%, 75%, 92.8% at the end of first, second and third month, respectively among intervention group when compared to control group. Statistically significant reduction in diarrhoea incidence among SODIS users [IRR= 0.23; 95%CI (0.11, 0.49)] was observed. Significant improvement in bacteriological quality of water was noted after sun exposure (x2=18.337, df=9, p=0.008). In our study, we observed that the diarrhoea prevalence was significantly reduced among intervention group compared to control group. Bacteriological quality of drinking water has been improved after sun exposure. In order to incorporate SODIS practice into daily practice among urban population proper strategy and training is needed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: WHO. 2003. Guidelines for safe recreational water environments: Coastal and freshwaters. World Health Organization, Geneva.
Azage, M., et al. 2016. Childhood diarrhoea in high and low hotspot district of Amhara region, northwest Ethiopia: A multilevel modeling. J. Health Popul. Nutr., 35(1):13.
Literature cited 2: Anteneh, Z.A., K. Andargie and M. Tarekegn. 2017. Prevalence and determinants of acute diarrhoea among children younger than five years old in Jabithennan district, northeast Ethiopia. BMC Public Health. 17(1):99.
Water Aid India. Available at: Info@waterai-dindia.in.
ID: 65591
Title: Flood Risks, Mangrove Ecosystem and Coastal Megacities: Assessing the Adaptation Benefits of Mangrove Ecosystem to Urban Flood Risk in the H/E Ward of Mumbai
Author: Pallavi Tyagi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (6) June. 22 page 643-651 2022.
Subject: Flood Risks, Mangrove Ecosystem and Coastal Megacities: Assessing the Adaptation Benefits of Mangrove Ecosystem to Urban Flood Risk in the H/E Ward of Mumbai
Keywords: Climate change, Ecosystem based adaptation, Mangrove ecosystem, Forest degradation
Abstract: In India, Mumbai city faces the problem of recurrent urban floods. The Mumbai floods of 2005 highlighted the vulnerability of the city to increasing climate change threats. On its face, the causes of the 2005 floods were attributed to heavy rainfall and inadequate drainage system. However, various environmentalists argued that the deterioration of the natural ecosystem,, such as the mangrove’s destruction and Mithi river degradation, were crucial factors in causing the disaster. Also, few empirical studies showed that mangroves could have decreased the impact of 2005 floods by dissipating the incoming wave energy near the coastline. Hence, this paper aims to study mangroves’ role in mitigating the urban flood risk in the H east ward (study area) of Mumbai. The study evaluates the landuse-landcover (LULC) changes in the hydrological processes over time. As the H/E ward lies in the Mithi river catchment area, we processed the digital elevation map (DEM) and used the soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN) and kinematic routing method to generate the peak discharge at the river sub- basins in hydrologic engineering centre- hydrologic modelling system (HEC-HMS) software. The river geometry is prepared in hydrologic engineering centre-river analysis system (HEC-RAS) software and flood hazard maps were prepared. We found that there has been an increase of 1.40% in the flood inundation area from 1973 to 2005. The maximum depth at the banks of Vakola Nala (location near mangrove) was 1.77 m in 1973 and it reaches 2.36 m for the landuse in 2005. The results highlight the need to restore mangroves around the coastline to mitigate the risk of urban floods.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jha, A., et al. 2011. Five feet high and rising : Cities and flooding in the 21st century. The World Bank.
Baker, I. L. 2012. Climate change, disaster risk and the urban poor: cities building resilience for a changing world. The World Bank.
Literature cited 2: Beck, M.W. and G.M. Lange. 2016. Managing coasts with natural solutions : guidelines for measuring and valuing the coastal protection services of mangroves and coral reefs. World Accounting and the valuation of Ecosystem Services Partnership (WAVES). The World Bank, Washington D.C.
Pillai, P., et al. 2010. Climate risks and adaptation in Asian coastal megacities. The World Bank, Washington D.C.