ID: 65686
Title: Status of Wetlands in Delhi: A Spatial-Temporal Study
Author: Sana Rafi, Umesh Chandra, Mary Tahir, Mohd Zeeshan Alam and Chandra Kant Bhardwaj
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1382-1391 2022.
Subject: Status of Wetlands in Delhi: A Spatial-Temporal Study
Keywords: Wetlands, Recreation, Groundwater recharge, Carbon sequestration, Encroachment
Abstract: Wetlands hold an important part of our environment. Wetlands are submerged or water saturated lands. They are productive life supporting systems, which is of vast socio-economic and ecological importance to human beings, acting as a source of irrigation, recharging groundwater, minimizing flood effects to acting as carbon sequestration. Moreover, wetlands also hold an important part in Indian culture as it is associated with many rituals. However, now wetlands are shrinking, most of them are being encroached on and transformed into other land cover classes. Delhi is also facing a similar situation. Thus, an effort has been made in this paper to study the present status and temporal change in wetland situation in Delhi, India. The presently available wetlands have been demarcated using GIS. While temporal change in wetlands in Delhi has been monitored over a period of 19 years (2000-2019) using satellite images. For that remote sensing and digital image processing techniques including various band rationing were applied. The results have also been validated using accuracy assessment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Frohn, R.C., et al. 2009. Satellite remote sensing of isolated wetlands using object-oriented classification of Landsat-7 data. Wetlands. 29(3):931.
Sarkar, P. and T. Das. 2016. Wetland ecosystem services and its valuation with special reference to India- A review. In Biodiversity and environmental conservation (chapter 5). Ed Krishna Upadhaya. Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp 59-76.
Literature cited 2: Joshi, P. K., H. Rashid and P.S. Roy. 2002. Landscape dynamics in Hokersar wetland, Jammu and Kashmir- An application of geospatial approach. J. Indian Society Remote Sensing. 30(1):1-5.
Shah, J. A., A.K. Pandit and G.M. Shah. 2017. Dynamics of physico-chemical limnology of a shallow wetland in Kashmir Himalaya (India). Sustain. Water Resour. Manage., 3(4):465-477.
ID: 65685
Title: A Residue free green synergistic biopesticide Piper betle extract to supersede pesticide thiram
Author: M.A. Sabitha and A. Syed Mohamed
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1376-1381 2022.
Subject: A Residue free green synergistic biopesticide Piper betle extract to supersede pesticide thiram
Keywords: Thiram, Seed protectant, Fungicide, biopesticide, Piper betle
Abstract: Thiram (tetramethyldithiocarbamate) is used as fungicide and seed protectant in agriculture. It belongs to dithiocarbamate fungicides. The harmful effects of thiram include liver enlargement and dysfunction, degenerative changes, hepatitis and necrosis. Hence an alternative biopesticide to supersede thiram is essential. The Piper betle extract proves to be most economic, cost-effective and leaves no residue. It is easily biodegradable and available. Extract of betel leaves is very effective against pathogenic bacteria. The active component present in this extract is sterol which helps in the rupture of membrane structure of pathogens. The fungal infection occurs due to the hydrophobhicity of the cell surface which contains non-polar amino acids. The leaf extract reduces the hydrophobhicity and results in less adhesion of fungus. In the present study, the sample was subjected to evaluate biological activity of solvent extracts against fungal species, such as Fusarium sp. and Penicillium notatum. The high inhibition for Penicillium notatum and Fusarium solani in ethyl acetate extract proves that it can be used as effective fungicide against these fungi instead of thiram.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Liess, M. and P.C. Von der Ohe. 2005. Analysing effects of pesticides on invertebrate communities in streams. Env. Toxicol. Chem., 24:954-965.
Von der Ohe, P.C., et al. 2009. Toward an integrated assessment of the ecological and chemical status of European river basins. Integrated Env. Assess. Manage., 5:50-61.
Literature cited 2: Jumanah, Farah. 1994. Pesticide policies in developing countries: Do they encourage excessive use? World Bank discussion paper no. 238. World Bank, Washington D.C.
NIOSH. 1986. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Publication. pp 86-113.
ID: 65684
Title: Groundwater Potential Investigation using Vertical Electrical Sounding around Injibara Town for the Supply of Awi University, Injibara, Northwestern Ethiopia
Author: Abraham Mulualem Teshome
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1361-1366 2022.
Subject: Groundwater Potential Investigation using Vertical Electrical Sounding around Injibara Town for the Supply of Awi University, Injibara, Northwestern Ethiopia
Keywords: Groundwater, Groundwater exploration, Geophysical method, Vertical electrical sounding, Aquifer
Abstract: The study area is located in Injibara town in Amhara regional state. The objective of this study was to investigate groundwater potential zones of the area for the supply of Awi University using geophysical methods particularly, vertical electrical sounding. The groundwater potential investigation considered different options based on information interpreted from geological, hydrogeological and geophysical observations as well as previous reports done in the area and data from existing wells in the study area. Hydrogeological site delineation was carried out and then followed by geophysical investigation. Schlumberger array type of electrode configuration was used to delineate the saturation zones. Tarmaber Gussa formation, quaternary vesicular basalt, covers the depth of the aquifer in selected sites. Weathering, fracturing, vesicles, intergranular pore space and contacts between different lithologic units and lineaments are the major conduits and storage of groundwater in the area. The vertical electrical sounding field data were fed to computer programmer IPI2W software. The software plots graphs and gives different resistivity layers with their thickness. Finally, the data was interpreted. Based on the hydrogeological and geophysical investigations, spring source has been proposed as first priority with corresponding groundwater source as second option for Awi University.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abreha, A.G. 2014. Hydrogeochemical and water quality investigation on irrigation and drinking water supplies in the Mekelle region, northern Ethiopia. M.Sc. thesis. University of Twente, The Netherlands.
Lawrence, A., et al. 2000. Groundwater evolution beneath Hat Yai, a rapidly developing city in Thailand. Hydrogeol. J.,8(5):564-575.
Literature cited 2: Sharp Jr, J.M., 1997. Groundwater supply issues in urban and urbanizing areas. Springer Science and Business Media.
Mostafa, R., et al. 2011. Verification of surface-groundwater connectivity in an irrigation canal using geophysical, water balance and stable isotope approaches. Water resour. manage.,25(11):2837
ID: 65683
Title: Model Investigation of Flow Hydraulics over Block Ramps
Author: Vishal Singh Rawat and Thendiyath Roshni
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1361-1366 2022.
Subject: Model Investigation of Flow Hydraulics over Block Ramps
Keywords: Hydraulic modelling, Block ramps, Sediment transport, energy dissipation, Scour depth, friction factor
Abstract: Block ramps uniquely serve as an essential paradigm in riverine management, to encounter deliveries in an ecologically sound manner. It permits safe fish passage, stabilizes stream banks and bed profiles and creates habitat diversity. Model studies of flows over block ramps are quite extensive and are associated with many intricacies. In this paper, experiments were conducted at two flumes with three different model configurations in the hydraulic laboratory of National Institute of Technology, Patna. A comparison of the performance of three different model configurations of flows on the block ramps placed in channels with horizontal beds was studied. Experimental data analysis allowed describing the erosion mechanism occurring in the stilling basin, energy dissipation and friction factor in the interstitial flow over rock ramps. The results of physical testing can be used to assess and predict scour development downstream of block ramps, effective dissipation of energy and its impact on the stability of rock structures.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Whittaker, W. and M. Jaggi. 1996. Block sleepers: Reports- 91. Laboratory for Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology and Glaciology. [In German]
Robinson, K. M., C. E. Rice and K.C. Kadavy. 1998. Design of rock chutes. Transactions American Soc. Agric. Eng.,41(3): 621-626.
Literature cited 2: Rajaratnam, N. 1981. Erosion by plane turbulent jets. J. hydraulic Res.,19(4): 339-358.
Rajaratnam, N. and R. K. Macdougall. 1983. Erosion by plane wall jets with minimum tailwater. J. Hydraulic Eng.,109(7): 1061-1064.
ID: 65682
Title: Assessment of Airport Noise Exposure Around Kempegowda International Airport and Spatial Interpolation using Geographical Information System
Author: H.N. Rajakumara and A. Jayaram
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1353-1360 2022.
Subject: Assessment of Airport Noise Exposure Around Kempegowda International Airport and Spatial Interpolation using Geographical Information System
Keywords: Airport, Aircraft, Noise equivalent levels, Noise measurement, Noise pollution, Noise threshold
Abstract: This study aims to monitor and assess noise levels in and surrounding environment as a result of the operation of Bengaluru’s Kempegowda International Airport and suggest effective mitigation techniques. The level of noise at the location of retrieved results was measured and recorded during the day and night using automated noise monitoring stations located in Saddahalli, Channahalli, Mallenahalli and Reddihalli villages. It signifies that all of the areas occur in excess of a threshold noise level, which is 55 dB(A) for residential zones and 75 dB(A) for airports, according to noise standards. From the study it is observed that over 15,000 aircraft are operating every month and 430 aircraft moving on average in a day. The noise levels of aircraft movements are under the range of 70-75 dB(A) most of the time and some events exceed threshold limit at an average for the month of January. noise recorded at Saddahalli was 66.7 dB(A); Channahalli village was 63.5 dB(A); Mallenahalli village was 64.1 dB(A) and Reddihalli village was 69.8 dB(A). The maximum noise recorded was 69.8 dB(A), which is slightly harmful to human ears and causing disturbances in and around airport (KIA). Airport authority has taken action on avoiding noise pollution due to aircraft movements using latest aircraft technologies and also planning of infrastructure development which results in lesser noise pollution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Horonjeff, R. and F.X. Mckelvey. 1988. Airport planning and design. Erlangga Publisher, Jakarta.
Lord, P. and T. Duncan. 1996. Detailing for acoustics. E. and F.N. Spon, London.
Literature cited 2: Singh, V. and P. Dev. 2010. Environmental impact of noise pollution: A case study in Saharanpur city, western Uttar Pradesh, India. Int. J. Earth Sci. Eng., 3(6):869-874.
ICAO. 2019. Presentation of 2017 air transport statistical results. International Civil Aviation Organization. Available at: World-of-air-transport-in-2017-statistical-result.aspx 2.
ID: 65681
Title: Investigation of Different Types of Human Damage on Vegetation and its Environmental Health Hazards in the Desert Areas of Central Iran
Author: Rouhullah Dehghani, Hamid Kassiri, I. Khodkar, M. Akbari and N. Chaharbaghi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1346-1352 2022.
Subject: Investigation of Different Types of Human Damage on Vegetation and its Environmental Health Hazards in the Desert Areas of Central Iran
Keywords: Human damage, Vegetation, Environmental impact, Desert, Desertification, Iran
Abstract: In desert areas, vegetation plays a central role in protecting the soil and preventing dust and various diseases. Considering the importance of vegetation in environmental protection, human health and prevention of spread of different ocular and respiratory diseases, this study was conducted in Aran va Bidgol County during the 2019–2021 period. In this descriptive study, field surveys were made in spring and autumn seasons from 2019 to 2021 to analyze different types of human damage to vegetation and its environmental health hazards in the studied region. Data analysis was then performed. From southeast to northwest of Aran va Bidgol, different types of human impact on vegetation can be observed: drilling wells, changing landuse to homes and villas, changing vegetation to farms, grazing livestock, establishing tourism centers, smuggling wood, creating landfills and disposing of construction debris. Vegetation has been severely damaged in the studied region. In the absence of vegetation, dust can cause different problems in the eye, nose, pharynx and throat and can intensify the spread of respiratory diseases. People with respiratory and heart diseases are more vulnerable. Therefore, legislators and environmentalists should prohibit any manipulation of the environment in a bid to have healthier environment and prevent the emergence of environmental diseases.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Vali, A., H. Mousavi and M. Zarepour. 2018. Aran vaBidgol assessment of desertification area based on the criteria of vegetation. Desert Ecosyst. Eng. J., 7(19):63-80.
Rad, M., S. Korori and M. Matinizadeh. 2000. Comparison between natural and cultivated forests of Holoxylon sp. with respect to some ecological factors. Iran J. Forest poplar res., 14(1):38-29.
Literature cited 2: Ghorbanian, D. and M. Jafari. 2007. Study of soil and plant characteristics interaction in Salsola rigida in desert lands. Iran J. Range Desert Res., 14(1):1-7.
Ghorbanian, D., et al. 2012. Comparison of cultivation and establishment of different xerophyte species for restoration and enhancement of vegetation in arid lands. Iran J. Range Desert Res., 19(3):443-456.
ID: 65680
Title: An Empirical Evaluation of the Relationship Between Economic Growth, Population and Solid Waste Generation in India
Author: Prerana Bhat, Ananya S. and Rajeshwari U.R
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1339-1345 2022.
Subject: An Empirical Evaluation of the Relationship Between Economic Growth, Population and Solid Waste Generation in India
Keywords: Municipal solid waste generation, Economic growth, Population, Sustainable development, Panel regression, Environmental kuznets curve
Abstract: Municipal solid waste (MSW) poses a hazard to the environment, human health and well-being and economic growth, if not managed correctly. It is essential to study the determinants of municipal solid waste generation for efficient waste management planning and achieving sustainable growth. The main objective of this paper is to establish a relationship between economic growth, population and MSW generation. Secondly, it aims to verify whether the environmental kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is valid in the Indian context with MSW generation as the proxy variable for environmental degradation. Panel regression has been run using statewise data of MSW generation, state net domestic product (SNDP) per capita and population for the years 2000-2019. The results show a significant positive relationship between the selected variables. Least square regression was applied to verify the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in India using nationwide data for MSW generation and GDP per capita for the years mentioned above. The results depicted inverted U-shaped curve with MSW as the dependent variable and GDP per capita as the independent variable and confirmed the validity of the EKC hypothesis.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Karak, T., R.M. Bhagat and P. Bhattacharya. 2012. Municipal solid waste generation, composition and management : The world scenario. Critical Reviews Env. Sci. Tech., 42(15):1509-1630.
Beede, D.N. and D.E. Bloom. 1985. The economics of municipal solid waste. The World Bank Res. Observer. 10(2):113-150.
Literature cited 2: Chattopadhyay, S., A. Dutta and S. Ray. 2009. Municipal solid waste management in Kolkata, India-A review. Waste Manage., 29 (4):1449-1458.
CPCB. 2016. C. bulletin. Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi. Available at : https://india.org/scbp/sites/default/files/CPCB%202016%20 report. pdf.
ID: 65679
Title: Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing Status among Laundry Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Author: Bavadharani Venkatesan, Heramba Ganapathy Selvarajan and Bradley McPherson
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1332-1338 2022.
Subject: Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing Status among Laundry Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Keywords: Noise level, Earplugs, Occupational hearing loss, Sensorineural hearing loss, Hearing protection device
Abstract: Equipment involved in the laundering process may emit high levels of noise that can result in hearing loss among hospital laundry workers. The present study aim to monitor changes in laundry noise levels and worker hearing threshold levels over a four-year period. Current noise levels and hearing thresholds were compared with previous noise measurements (2015) and annual audiometric data (2017 and 2018). Audiological evaluation, including immittance and extended high frequency distortion product otoacoustic emission recording, was performed with 31 laundry workers. The laundry noise level (LAeq) ranged from 74.2-81.1 dBA. Acoustic spectrum analysis showed predominant energy levels from low to mid octave band frequencies. Over the years, the average noise level was reduced by 3.6 dBA, which can be attributed to effective maintenance, frequent servicing and replacement of worn-out machines. Audiogram results reveal bilateral/unilateral moderate to moderately severe hearing loss in 6 workers. Extended high frequency DPOAEs were absent in 32 ears at all frequencies and were present in 10 ears only at low frequencies. In order to curb the progression of hearing loss, periodic monitoring of hearing status and training/counselling to wear ear protective devices are advisable irrespective of the ambient noise levels for hospital laundry workers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Barrie, D. 1994. How hospital linen and laudry services are provided. J. Hospital Infection. 27(3):219-235. DOI:10.1016/0195-6701(94)90130-9.
Kumar, M.S., B.R. Goud and B. Joseph. 2014. A study of occupational health and safety measures in the laundry department of a private tertiary reaching hospital in Bengaluru. Indian J. Occup. Env. Medicine. 18(1):13-20. DOI:10.4103/0019-5278. 134951.
Literature cited 2: Singhal, v., D. Bora and S. Singh. 2011. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in healthcare workers of a tertiary care centre in India and their vaccination status. J. Vaccines Vaccination. 2(2). DOI: 10.4172/2157-7560.1000118.
NIOSH. 1998. Occupational noise exposure revised criteria 1998. National Institute of Occupational Health, Washington D.C. DOI:10.3109/02699 206.2010.490003.
ID: 65678
Title: Medical Waste in Bangladesh, its Causes and Impacts on Environment and Human Health: An Overview
Author: Kudrat-E-Khuda Babu, Nafisa Yeasmin, Mohammad Abu Sufian, Ahsan Ullah and Moriom Akter Mou
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1326-1331 2022.
Subject: Medical Waste in Bangladesh, its Causes and Impacts on Environment and Human Health: An Overview
Keywords: Bangladesh, Dhaka city, Human health, Impacts, Medical waste
Abstract: Medical waste is infectious, hazardous and it causes deaths as well as poses serious threats to the environment. So, medical waste needs to be treated properly before its final disposal. But, due to the absence of a proper healthcare system in Bangladesh, numerous hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centers have sprung up elsewhere in from Dhaka city and produce a huge amount of waste daily. Medical waste from those hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centers is dumped elsewhere without proper treatment, thanks to mismanagement and lack of discipline, causing a serious threat to the health and environment. There is no supervision and guidance for proper treatment of the waste, there have not enough data or research work on the very critical issue in Bangladesh. The authorities concerned are yet to take any measures in this regard despite such an alarming situation. Moreover, the existing environmental laws of Bangladesh are not enough to address the issue of not having specific provisions in the laws. Besides implementation of those legal frameworks is largely absent in the country. This paper will analyze the related policies and find out the gaps and will come up with some recommendations to bring an end to the mismanagement of medical waste generation through policy and law.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Khan, B. 2011. Human rights and environment. ELCOP, Dhaka.
Shams, S., et al. 2017. Sustainable waste management policy in Bangladesh for reduction of greenhouse gases. Sustain. Cities Soc., 33(1):18-26.
Literature cited 2: Riyaad, A.S.M., et al. 2014. E-waste recycling practices in Bangladesh. Int. J. Renew. Energy Env. Eng., 2(3):193-200.
Hassan, M.M., S.A. Ahmed and K.A. Rahman. 2008. Pattern of medical waste management: Existing scenario in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. BMC Pub. Health. 8(36). DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-36.
ID: 65677
Title: Enhancing Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Nyctanthes arbor-tritis Leaves towards Degradation of Organic Pollutants and Tunable Fluorescence
Author: R. Usha and S. Sudhaparimala
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1317-1325 2022.
Subject: Enhancing Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Nyctanthes arbor-tritis Leaves towards Degradation of Organic Pollutants and Tunable Fluorescence
Keywords: Graphene oxide, Reduced graphene oxide, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Hydrothermal, Sol gel, Photoluminescence, Photocatalyst
Abstract: The present study explored two energy efficient simple methods for the effective application of the anti-oxidant property of the leaf extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, a highly potent reduction of graphene oxide. The samples obtained from the green method were characterized in terms of structure, surface morphology and elemental composition. The data from the analytical tools of FTIR, FT-Raman, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM with EDAX) and ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) studied the structure and property relationship and indicated the enhanced smooth layer structure of the synthesized samples. There was a drastic change in the surface morphology and more reduction in the oxygen functionality (C-O, C=O, O-H) of the synthesized sample of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). These results were indicative of their suitability for tunable fluorescence and catalytic activity. Hence the samples were screened for their efficiency in the degradation of organic dyes and chlorophenols. The results were satisfactory under the given experimental conditions. The results of the catalytic study ultimately provided a unique approach to the fabrication of catalyst for industrial wastewater treatment. The tunable luminescence study of assynthesized rGO can be further investigated for bioimaging of healthy and cancer cells in cell diagnosis and biomedical applications.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Paul, R., et al. 2019. Carbon nanotubes graphene, porous carbon and hybrid carbon-based materials: Synthesis, properties and functionalization for
efficient energy storage. Elsevier Inc., 2(109):1-3.
Thabitha, P., et al. 2018. A review on graphene-based nano-materials in biomedical applications and risks in environment and health. Nano Micro Lett., 10(3):45-53.
Literature cited 2: Sharma, N., et al. 2009. A new sustainable green protocol for production of reduced graphene oxide and its gas sensing properties. J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devices. 4:473-482.
Jadhav, S. and M. K. Patil. 2016. Nyctanthes arbor-tritis Linn rejuvenating herbs. Int. J. Res. Pharma. Sci., 4:54-62.
ID: 65676
Title: Application of Fabricated Sequencing Batch Reactor and Biofilm Sequencing Batch Reactor to Treat Dairy Wastewater
Author: C. M. Deshmukh, V.V. Karjinni and Manoj Pandurang Wagh
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1310-1316 2022.
Subject: Application of Fabricated Sequencing Batch Reactor and Biofilm Sequencing Batch Reactor to Treat Dairy Wastewater
Keywords: Sequencing batch reactor, Biofilm sequencing batch reactor, Dairy industry wastewater, biosludge, Biofilm carrier
Abstract: The dairy industry is observed as one of the furthermost polluting industries. While processing 1 L of milk, 2-10 L of wastewater is generated. In India, around 286 large and small-scale dairy industries generate plenty amount of wastewater. The cyclic operation of fabricated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) curtails various parameters, such as BOD, COD and turbidity and were found to be 85.78%, 76.77% and 83.21%, respectively at 10 hr. As the detention time increases, BOD, COD and turbidity reduces. The fabricated sequencing batch reactor was modified by adding plastic media at the bottom of the reactor tank as a biofilm having a surface area of 2.7 m2. The main purpose of biofilm is to enhance the efficacy and bio-sludge superiority by increasing the bio-sludge in the process. The efficacies of removal of parameters were enhanced by using the biofilm sequencing batch reactor (BSBR) reactor under the high organic loading of 1340 g BOD5/m3 day. The COD removal of 89.3%, BOD5 removal of 83%, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal of 59.4% and oil and grease removal of around 82.4% was observed. Under the same high organic loading, curtailment of parameters was less in conventional sequencing batch reactor (SBR) [removal of COD- 87.0%, BOD5– 79.9%, TKN- 48.7% and oil and grease- 79.3%].
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Andrade, L.H., et al. 2015. Reuse of dairy wastewater treated by membrane bioreactor and nanofiltration : Technical and economic feasibility. Brazilian J. Chem. Eng., 32:735-747.
Karadag, D., et al. 2015. A review on anaerobic biofilm reactors for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater. Process Biochem., 50:262-271.
Literature cited 2: Abdullah, E. and E. Serpil. 2015. An artificial neural network model for wastewater treatment plant of konya. Int. J. Intelligence Systems Applications Eng., 3(4):131-135.
Kushwaha, J.P., V.C. Srivastava and I.D. Mall. 2011. An overview of various technologies for the treatment of diary wastewaters. Crit. Rev. Food Sci., 51:442-452.
ID: 65675
Title: An Empirical Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Developing a Custom Air Quality Forecaster
Author: Tanya Garg and Daljeet Singh Bawa
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1299-1309 2022.
Subject: An Empirical Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Developing a Custom Air Quality Forecaster
Keywords: Air quality forecasting, Atmospheric pollution forecast, Delhi air pollution, Machine learning, Deep learning, LSTM model
Abstract: The growing events of air pollution over the last decade have made implementing preventative measures a need more than a caution. An effective air quality forecasting system is the backbone of all measures. A detailed global literature review identifies statistical and ensemble models to be more efficient for forecasting problems. This study aims at experimentally analyzing 10 machine learning models on predicting PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2 and O3 for developing a custom air quality forecaster for Delhi, India. The performance of all models was compared individually for each pollutant prediction using evaluation metrics, such as RMSE, MAE and MedAE. Based on experimental evidence, we conclude that a timeseries based deep neural network model performs best in the given scenario and can be explored further to create a custom air quality forecasting framework.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhang, Y., et al. 2012. Real-time air quality forecasting. Part I: History, techniques and current status. Atmos. Env., 60: 632–655.
Air Pollution. Available at :
https://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_1.
Literature cited 2: The Indian Express. Want Govt. to build 1,600 km green wall along Aravalli, says activist. Cities News. Available at : https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/want-govt-to-build-1600-km-green-wall-along-aravalli-says-activist-vijaypal-baghel-6182069/.
Al Jazeera. Pollution to cut 9 years of life expectancy of 40% of Indians. Climate News. Available at :
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/1/india-air-pollution-life-expectancy-study.
ID: 65674
Title: Construction of a medium for Pseudomonas fluorescens from Local Resource and its Trial Application as a Biopreservative
Author: J. Mary Sheela, J. Srinidhi and A. Pugazhendhi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1292-1298 2022.
Subject: Construction of a medium for Pseudomonas fluorescens from Local Resource and its Trial Application as a Biopreservative
Keywords: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Agricultural wastes, biopreservative, Fruits, Vegetables, environment
Abstract: Pseudomonas fluorescens is a widely dispersed plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. It is not a human or plant pathogen and is found in soil, water, plants and other moist environments. This organism has already been used as a biocide against various fungi and bacteria in agricultural fields [1]. It has lots of biocontrol properties, like antibiotics, enzymes and siderophore productions. Due to its siderophore production its pyoverdine pigment fluoresces under UV light. This study was conducted mainly to construct a media with the cheapest local resource or agricultural waste and also to find its application as a biopreservative. The raw materials required for the construction of medium were agricultural wastes, such as rice husk, rice straw, wheat husk, peanut waste, dried cow dung and then coconut water, whey water and vermicompost. Then these four combinations were inoculated from the mother inoculum and their growth was checked by serial dilution and spread plate technique. Then these cultures were applied to apples, tomatoes, curry leaves and betel leaves by dip inoculation method. The keeping qualities of these vegetables were checked till the control items were rotten under laboratory conditions approximately for about 7 days. The physiological characteristics were good and fresh in the preserved items for 7 days but decayed on the control products. Thus, the first step towards the application of P. fluorescens as a biopreservative was successful.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Reddy, B.P. and M.S. Reddy. 2009. Isolation of secondary metabolities from Pseudomonas fluorescens and its characterization. Asian J. Res. Chem., 2(1):26-29.
Vijayalakshmi, K. 2016. Studies on degradation of a tannery textile dye erichrome blue black by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Res. J. Pharm. Tech., 9(4):445-450.
Literature cited 2: Angayarkanni, T., et al. 2012. Antimicrobial compounds production by Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Asian J. Res. Chem., 5(1):61-64.
Ahmed, E.G., et al. 2002. Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. J. Mycol. Biotech., 2:219-238.
ID: 65673
Title: Geoelectrical Sounding for Aquifer Characterization in and around Nandgao, Majan, Singrauli District, Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Dharmendra Kumar Singh, Nawal Kishore, Birendra Pratap and Vijayendra Pratap Dheeraj
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (11) Nov. 22 page 1283-1291 2022.
Subject: Geoelectrical Sounding for Aquifer Characterization in and around Nandgao, Majan, Singrauli District, Madhya Pradesh, India
Keywords: Groundwater, Aquifer, Vertical electric sounding, Schlumberger, Ipi2win software
Abstract: Ten geo-electrical soundings using Schlumberger electrode configuration were used to evaluate aquifer geo-electric characteristics in the parts of Nandgao, Majan, district Singrauli, M.P., India. SSR MP-1, a digital resistivity meter, was used for ten vertical electric sounding (VES) sounding with a minimum of 10 m to a maximum of 200 m current electrode (AB) spacing and locating the exact position of VES stations global positioning system (GPS) was used. The IPI2win and win resist software was used for data interpretation, which revealed 3 to 4 subsurface layers comprising the top alluvial soil, sub-soil to fine-grained sandstone, fine-grained sandstone to fractured or weathered sandstone and basement rocks. The resistivity of these strata ranged from 9.55-59.51 Wm, whereas the depth ranged between 0.42-63.91 m. Transverse resistance and longitudinal conductance calculated from the aquifer resistivity and thickness varied from 102.14-4357.44 Wm2 and 0.08-1.02 Siemens, respectively. Also, aquifer resistivity and porosity ranged from 26.95-93.68 Wm and 53-92%, respectively. The low value of transmissivity at VES location no. 2, 3, 5, 8 correspond to low borehole yields and high at VES location no. 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10 correspond to high borehole yields. The value of overburden protection capacity is low at VES location no. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 and moderate at VES location 6, which means aquifers contaminants are more vulnerable in these areas. In contrast, at VES location 4, the aquifer protection capacity is high, indicating that the aquifer in these regions is well protected. However, a more significant portion of the study area has a lower value of protective capacities which reveals a more substantial part of the study area is susceptible to contaminants. In general, all of the places may be used to extract groundwater at moderate depths.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Nejad, H. T. 2009. Geo-electric investigation of the aquifer characteristics and groundwater potential in Behbahan Azad University farm, Khuzestan Province. Iranian J. Appl. Sci., 9(20): 3691-3698.
Kelly, W.E. and M. Stanislav. 1993. Applied geophysics in hydrogeological and engineering practice. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Literature cited 2: Omosuyi, G. and A. Adeyemo. 2007. Investigation of groundwater prospect using electromagnetic and geo-electric sounding at Afunbiowo, near Akure, southwestern Nigeria. Pacific J. Sci. Tech., 8:172-182.
Oseji, J.O., E.A. Atakpo and E.C. Okolie. 2005. Geo-electric investigation of the aquifer characteristics and groundwater potential in Kwale, Delta State, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Env. Manage., 9(1): 157-160.
ID: 65672
Title: A Study of Winter Paddy Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Pattern of Lower Vellar River Basin, Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu
Author: G. Neelagandan and B. Kumaravel
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2022
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 42 (10) Oct. 22 page 1276-1280 2022.
Subject: A Study of Winter Paddy Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Crop Pattern of Lower Vellar River Basin, Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu
Keywords: Water use efficiency, Cropping pattern, Yield, Irrigation, Paddy, Cuddalore district, Water
Abstract: A suitable cropping pattern and irrigation strategy are essential for optimizing winter paddy yield and water use efficiency (WUE). The study aimed to evaluate the impact of cropping pattern and irrigation frequency on grain yield and WUE of winter paddy. During the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 winter paddy growing seasons in the Vellar river basin at Cuddalore, the effects of cropping patterns and irrigation frequencies were determined on tiller number, paddy grain yield and WUE. The two cropping patterns tested were wide-precision and conventional-cultivation. Each cropping pattern had three irrigation regimes: irrigation (120 mm) at the jointing stage; irrigation (60 mm) at both the jointing and heading stages and irrigation (40 mm) at the jointing, heading, and milking stages. In our study, tiller number was significantly higher in the wide-precision cropping pattern than in the conventional-cultivation cropping pattern.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shin, J.H., E.H. Noh and J.E. Son. 2012. Transpiration, growth and water use efficiency of paprika plants (Capsicum annuum L.) as affected by irrigation frequency. Hortic. Env. Biotech., 53(2):129-134.
Garcia-Tejero, I., et al. 2011. Benefits of low-frequency irrigation in citrus orchards. Agron Sustain. Develop., 31(4):779-791.
Literature cited 2: Li, Q.Q., et al. 2015. Winter paddy grain yield and water use efficiency in wide-precision pattern under deficit irrigation in North China plain. Agric. Water Manage., 153:71-76.
Li, Q.Q., J.Y. Shen and D.D. Zhao. 2011. Effect of irrigation frequency to yield and leaf water use efficiency of winter paddy. Tran. CSAE. 27(3):33-36.