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ENERGY AND SOCIOECONOMIC STUDIES

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Energy survey carried out in 447 households covering 42 villages in the catchment reveal that the majority of the population is dependent on bioresources to meet the daily energy requirements. The dependence is of the order 85-92% and the per capita consumption corresponds to 1.2 tonnes per year, which is quite high compared to the per captia consumption in Karnataka state.. The major cooking device being used is the traditional Chula. Bioresource status considering the availability and demand indicate that the villages in the eastern parts of the catchment have high levels of consumption of fuel, in the order 40-60%. Most of the households still depend on traditional stoves with efficiency less than 10%, which indicate that there is a scope for energy conservation by just switching over to the fuel efficient devices.

Among the surveyed households, landless labourers in the study area are deprived of many basic needs for their livelihoods. Majority of them are unskilled and uneducated, which make them ineligible for getting any secure jobs. The literacy level among the population ranges from 44% (female) to 64% (male). The annual income of each household with family size of 4.78 is Rs. 9329.67.