Energy Utilisation in Karnataka -Part II: Industries Sector (IISc.)

Conclusions

1. Even though energy consumption/capita is low, energy/SDP for Karnataka is quite high. This is true specially for the industrial sector. The energy/SDP for industrial sector in Karnataka is 10-20 times higher than that for some of the industrialised countries. This shows that there is great room for improvement of the efficiencies in energy consumptions in our industries.

2. Electrical energy forms a major component in the industrial energy use. The percent of electrical energy to total energy is also higher for Karnataka when compared with this index for the industrialised countries. Electrical energy being high quality energy involving more energy conversions it should be used in high quality work.

3. Energy consumptions per rupee of productions for various industrial groups have been calculated. These will serve as indicators for industries in the same group. Some of these when compared with international norms look quite high.

4. Electrical energy consumption per rupee of productions for various industrial groups has also been evaluated. This can again be used as an indicator.

5. The specific energy consumption within a group varies very widely - in some cases a variation of about 100% or more exists. This shows that we can definitely reduce energy use through conservation measures.

6. The specific energy consumptions have been calculated for a period of five years. These variations show an increase in SEC in many industries. In some cases, there is a decrease, a welcome measure.

7. Electricity production is shifting towards diesel captive plants because of power cuts in the grid electricity. This increases the cost and decreases the efficiency of energy use. This has not induced industries to go in for reduced consumptions of energy.

8. A study of electric load patterns indicates that about 40% of the load is for heating. Hence these can be easily converted to use other forms of energy, thereby increasing efficiency of use and relieving the demand on electrical energy.

9. A study of electrical energy and power distribution throughout the state reveals a large spatial disparity in energy use with most of the use being concentrated in Bangalore and one or two singular points.

10. This study only reveals the possibilities of energy conservation. Actual measures depend on studies in individual industrial units. Hence energy budgeting and auditing measures in many major industries should be initiated.