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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2000, Pages 375-430

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doi:10.1016/S1364-0321(00)00002-2    How to cite or link using doi (opens new window) Cite or link using doi  
Copyright © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Present and prospective role of bioenergy in regional energy system

T. V. Ramachandranext termCorresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, N. previous termV.next term Joshi and D. K. Subramanian

Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India

Received 15 February 1997; accepted 20 March 2000. Available online 24 August 2000.


Abstract

Bioenergy is the energy released from the reaction of organic carbon material with oxygen. The organic material derived from plants and animals is also referred to as biomass. Biomass is a flexible feedstock capable of conversion into solid, liquid and gaseous fuels by chemical and biological processes. These intermediate biofuels (such as methane gas, ethanol, charcoal) can be substituted for fossil based fuels. Wood and charcoal are important as household fuels and for small scale industries such as brick making, cashew processing etc. The scarcity of biofuels has far reaching implications on the environment. Hence, expansion of bioenergy systems could be influential in bettering both the socio-economic condition and the environment of the region. This paper examines the present role of biomass in the region's (Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka State, India) energy supply and calculates the potential for future biomass provision and scope for conversion to both modern and traditional fuels. Based on the detailed investigation of biomass resource availability and demand, we can categorise the Uttara Kannada District into two zones (a) Biomass surplus zone consisting of Taluks mainly from hilly area (b) Biomass deficit zone, consisting of thickly populated coastal Taluks such as Bhatkal, Kumta, Ankola, Honnavar and Karwar. Fuel wood is mainly used for cooking and horticulture residues from coconut, arecanut trees are used for water heating purposes. Most of the households in this region still use traditional stoves where efficiency is less than 10%. The present inefficient fuel consumption could be brought down by the usage of fuel efficient stoves (a saving of the order of 27%). Availability of animal residues for biogas generation in Sirsi, Siddapur, Yellapur Taluks gives a viable alternative for cooking, lighting fuel and a useful fertiliser. However to support the present livestock population, fodder from agricultural residues is insufficient in these Taluks. There is a need to supplement the fodder availability with fodder crops as successfully tried in Banavasi village by some progressive farmers.

Author Keywords: Bioenergy; Fuel wood consumption; Integrated energy planning; Energy efficient devices; Per capita fuel consumption; Techno economic analyses; Biogas; Wood gasification; Energy plantation


Corresponding Author Contact Information Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-080-3600985; fax: +91-080-3601428; email: cestvr@ces.iisc.ernet.in



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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Volume 4, Issue 4 , December 2000 , Pages 375-430


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