ENERGY  ALTERNATIVES: RENEWABLE
ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION
TECHNOLOGIES



  (ii)   Shaft Power and Multipurpose Hydro Units :
  It is increasingly  being  accepted that mini and micro hydro 
  units do not  have to be built on the same  standards as  big 
  hydro systems.  For instance, relatively quick survey methods 
  for  site  selection can be used, protection measures be less 
  strict, control  mechanisms  simplified, and lower efficiency 
  accepted. This greatly reduces the investment costs and still 
  leaves a useful option for small-scale power supply.The power 
  of  micro  hydro  plants is best used when the larger part is 
  consumed on the spot as mechanical shaft power.  Applications 
  can be  small-scale  agro-processing industries like grinding, 
  rice  hulling and oil  pressing, or sawing and water  lifting.  
  In  addition,  cheap  dynamos  can be connected for supplying 
  electricity in the evenings. Civil works and operation of the 
  system  can be provided  by  semi-skilled local labour. Cross 
  flow  turbines  are  particularly  promising for these  units, 
  because of their versatility and simple construction.