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6.4.2 Information sheets concerning selected, international, multilateral environment treaties (in chronological order)

Date: 02.02.71
IURMV No.: 971:09
CONVENTION ON WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE ESPECIALLY AS WATERFOWL HABITAT

Place: Ramsar
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

971:09/A dated 03.12.82
971:09/B dated 28.05.87

Parties

Convention: A, Armenia, AUS, Azerbaijan, B, BD, BG, BOL, BR, Burkina Faso, CDN, CH, Chad, Chile, CL, CR, Croatia, CZ, D, DK, DZ, E, EAK, EAU, ECU, Estonia, ET, F, FL, Gabon, GCA, Georgia, GH, GR, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, H, Honduras, I, IND, IR, IRL, IS, J, JOR, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, M, MA, MEX, Moldova, N, Nepal, NL, NZ, P, PA, PAK, PE, PL, PNG, RA, RI, RIM, RMM, RN, RO, ROU, S, SF, Slovakia, Slovenia, SME, SN, SU, Tajikistan, TJ, TN, TT, UK, USA, Uzbekistan, VN, YU, YV, Z, ZA

Protocol: A, Armenia, AUS, Azerbaijan, BD, BG, BOL, BR, Burkina Faso, CDN, CH, Chad, Chile, CL, CZ, D, DK, E, EAK, EAU, ECU, Estonia, ET, F, FL, Gabon, GCA, Georgia, GR, Guinea, H, Honduras, I, IND, IR, IRL, IS, J, JOR, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, M, MA, MEX, Moldova, N, Nepal, NL, NZ, P, PA, PAK, PE, PL, PNG, RA, RI, RIM, RMM, RN, RO, S, SF, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, SN, SU, Tajikistan, TJ, TN, TT, UK, USA, Uzbekistan, VN, YV, Z, ZA

Amendment: A, Armenia, AUS, BD, BG, CDN, CH, D, DK, GR, H, IRL, J, FL, Lithuania, MEX, N, NL, PAK, RI, S, SF, SU, TN, TT, UK, ZA

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Wading birds and waterfowl
Protected area: Named wetlands in signatory states
EIA relevance: Each party shall designate suitable wetlands within its sovereign territory for incorporation in a "List of internationally significant wetlands". Regardless of the classification all parties undertake to promote the establishment and supervision of protected areas.

Notes
The list itself is not part of the Convention or the protocol.

Reference
Data source analysed: IURMV

Date: 23.06.71
IURMV No.: 971:47
CONVENTION CONCERNING PROTECTION AGAINST HAZARDS OF POISONING ARISING FROM BENZENE (ILO NO. 136)

Place: Geneva
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

BOL, C, CH, CI, CO, CSSR, D, E, ECU, F, GR, Guinea, GUY, H, I, IRQ, IS, KWT, MA, NIC, RO, ROU, SF, SYR, YU and Z

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Human health
Protected area:

EIA relevance: Protection of employees exposed to benzene or products containing benzene in the course of their work is the focal point of this convention: Substances containing benzene are to be replaced where possible by products which are less injurious to health. Benzene and products containing benzene as solvents and thinners are to be banned given certain prerequisites. The benzene concentration in workplace ambient air must not exceed a maximum value of 25 ppm (corresponding to approx. 80 mg/m³).

Industrial-hygiene and technical precautionary measures are likewise to be established to protect employees.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 16.09.71
IURMV No.: 971:69
AGREEMENT CONCERNING COOPERATION IN TAKING MEASURES AGAINST POLLUTION OF THE SEA BY OIL

Place: Copenhagen
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

DK, N, S, SF

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: The sea and marine biotic communities
Protected area:

EIA relevance: The aim of the agreement is to produce a catalogue of measures (including mutual exchange of information and assistance in the event of catastrophes) to prevent oil pollution at sea.

Notes

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Date: 18.12.71
IURMV No.: 971:94
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR COMPENSATION FOR OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE

Place: Brussels

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

971:94/A dated 19.11.76
971:94/B dated 25.05.84
971:94/C dated 27.11.92

Convention only: B, BR, CH, CL, D, DK, DZ, E, F, FIJ, Gabon, GH, GR, GS, I, IRL, IS, J, KWT, LB, Maldives, MC, N, NL, Oman, P, PL, PNG, RFC, RI, RPB, S, SF, SYR, TN, Tuvalu Islands, UK, United Arab Emirates, USA, USSR, YU.
Protocol 971:94/A: BS, CY, D, DK, E, F, I, IND, IRL, LB, M, MA, N, NL, P, PL, Russia, S, SF, UK, Vanuatu, YV.
Protocol 971:94/B: F, D.
Protocol 971:94/C:

Immediate subject matter

Polluter: Ships.
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment
Protected area:
EIA relevance: Indirect.

Notes

The aim is to establish a fund for the following purposes:

1. compensation for pollution damage to the extent that the protection afforded by the Liability Convention is inadequate;

2. assistance for ship owners in respect of the additional financial burden imposed on them by the Liability Convention.

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 15.02.72
IURMV No.: 972:12
CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF MARINE POLLUTION BY DUMPING FROM SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT

Place: Oslo

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

972:12/A dated 02.03.83
972:12/B dated 13.06.85
972:12/C dated 05.12.89

Convention: B, D, DK, E, F, IRL, IS, N, NL, P, S, SF, UK.
Protocol 972:12/A: B, D, DK, E, F, IS, IRL, N, NL, P, S, SF, UK.
Protocol 972:12/B: B, D, DK, E, F, IS, IRL, N, NL, P, S, SF, UK.
Protocol 972:12/C: DK, F, IRL, N, NL, P, S, SF, UK.

Immediate subject matter

Polluter: Ships and aircraft
Protection of/acceptor: The sea and marine biotic communities
Protected area: Refer to further information as regards area covered

EIA relevance: The aim of the Convention is to prevent pollution at sea caused by substances which may be detrimental to human health or endanger fauna/flora.

For this purpose, certain substances have been compiled in a list: The dumping of waste containing substances on the list is banned or requires special permission.

The list of substances affected by this Convention is given below. The protocol also contains additional measures (e.g. regulations concerning incineration at sea) with a view to further reducing marine pollution.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

The Convention covers the following geographic reference area:

* Atlantic and Arctic Ocean north of 36° north and between 42° west and 51° east; not including the Baltic, the Mediterranean and the waters which feed into it;

* Atlantic north of 59° north between 44° and 42° west.

A.) Within the meaning of the convention it is forbidden to discharge the following substances:

1. Organic halogen/silicon compounds and compounds which might form such substances in the marine environment, with the exception of substances which are not poisonous or are rapidly converted in the sea into biologically harmless substances;

2. Substances which the parties consider are probably carcinogenic given the conditions of their disposal;

3. Mercury and mercury compounds;

4. Cadmium and cadmium compounds:

5. Durable plastics and other durable synthetic material.

B.) Waste containing substances and objects listed below in quantities considered by a commission to be significant may only be discharged given special permission issued on a case by case basis by the responsible national authorities:

1. Arsenic, lead, copper, zinc and their compounds, cyanides and fluorides as well as pesticides and their by-products where not already listed under A.);

2. Containers, scrap, tar-like substances or other bulky waste; this is always to be dumped in deep water;

3. The following conditions must be satisfied if substances or waste materials are to be deposited in deep water: the water depth must be at least 2000 m and the distance from the nearest shore must be at least 150 nautical miles.

Date: 11.03.72
IURMV No.: 972:19
CONVENTION RELATIVE TO THE STATUTE OF THE SENEGAL RIVER

Place: Nouakchott/Mauritania
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

RIM, RMM and SN

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Flowing water
Protected area: SN River with its flora and fauna

EIA relevance: The aim of the convention is cooperation between the signatory states with a view to utilising the SN River and thus achieving rational exploitation of its natural resources.

Utilisation within the framework of this Convention primarily relates to shipping, the generation of power and use of the river as a general water reservoir both for humans (drinking water) and agriculture (service water).

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 11.03.72
IURMV No.: 972:20
CONVENTION CREATING THE ORGANISATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SENEGAL RIVER (OMVS)

Place: Nouakchott/RIM
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

RIM, RMM and SN

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor:
Protected area:
EIA relevance: Indirect.

Notes

The aim behind the convention is to establish the "Organisation for the utilisation of the SN River" with organisational aspects playing the major role.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 01.06.72
IURMV No.: 972:41
CONVENTION FOR THE CONSERVATION OF ANTARCTIC SEALS

Place: London
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

AUS, B, Chile, F, J, N, NZ, PL, RA, Russia, UK, USA, ZA

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Fauna; for differentiation see below
Protected area: Marine areas south of 60° south
EIA relevance: The aim of the convention is to introduce individual measures to ensure that the seals do not become endangered.

Notes

Stipulations were drawn up for e.g. number of animals which can be caught, seasons when animals may be caught and when not, areas where animals may be caught and where not, protected and non-protected species.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Restrictions apply to catching the following species:

* Lobodon carcinophagus;
* Hydrurga leptonyx;
* Leptonychotes weddelli.

The following species are protected:

* Ommatophoca rossi;
* Mirounga leonina;
* Fur seals of genus Arctocephalus.

Date: 23.11.72
IURMV No.: 972:86
CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE

Place: Paris
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

A, AFG, AL, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, AUS, Azerbaijan, BD, Belarus, BG, BH, BOL, Bosnia and Herzegovina, BR, BRN, BU, Burkina Faso, C, Cape Verde, CDN, CH, Chile, CI, CL, CO, CR, Croatia, CY, CZ DK, D, DOM, DZ, E, EAK, EAU, EAT, EC, ES, ET, ETH, F, FIJ, Gabon, GCA, Georgia, GH, GR, Guinea, GUY, H, Holy See, Honduras, I, IND, IR, IRL, IRQ, J, JA, JOR, K, L, LAO, LAR, Lithuania, M, MA, MAL, Maldives, MC, MEX, Mongolia, Mozambique, MW, N, Nepal, NIC, NL, NZ, Oman, P, PA, PAK, PE, PL, PY, Q, RA, RCA, RCB, RFC, RH, RI, RIM, RL, RM, RMM, RN, RO, ROK, ROU, RP, RPB, RSM, SA, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Russia, S, SF, Slovakia, Slovenia, SN, Solomon Islands, STL, SUD, SY, SYR, Tajikistan, THA, TJ, TN, TR, Ukraine, UK, USA, Uzbekistan, WAG, WAN, YV, VN, Y, YU, Z, Zre, ZW

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Cultural and natural heritage (for definition see below)
Protected area:
EIA relevance: To counteract the destruction of cultural and natural heritage, this convention calls for individual measures to ensure recording, protection and preservation.

Notes

Measures include the compilation of "World heritage lists", "World heritage funds" and a "List of endangered world heritage". It is up to the signatory states to prepare such lists. There is no provision for more concrete measures.

Data source analysed: IURMV

Within the framework of this convention, cultural heritage refers to monuments (from the fields of architecture, archaeology and art), ensembles and other cultural sites (natural and manmade works); natural heritage covers natural creations, geological/physiographical phenomena, natural sites or nature areas.

Date: 29.12.72
IURMV No.: 972:96
CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION OF MARINE POLLUTION BY DUMPING OF WASTES AND OTHER MATTER.

Place: London, Mexico City, Moscow, Washington

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

972:96/A dated 12.10.78
972:96/B dated 12.10.78
972:96/C dated 24.09.80

AFG, Antigua and Barbuda, AUS, B, Belarus, BOL, BR, C, Cape Verde, CDN, CH, Chad, Chile, CI, CR, Croatia, CY, D, DK, DOM, E, EAK, ET, F, Gabon, GCA, GR, H, Honduras, I, IRL, IS, J, JA, JOR, K, Kiribati, L, LAR, M, MA, MC, MEX, N, Nauru, NL, NZ, Oman, P, PA, PL, PNG, RA, RH, RP, Russia, S, SF, Slovenia, SME, Solomon Islands, STL, SY, TJ, TN, UK, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, USA, Vanuatu, WAN, YU, ZA, ZRE

Polluter: Waste and certain substances dumped in the sea
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment, human health
Protected area: All seas (not including inland waters)
EIA relevance: The aim of the Convention is not only effective joint monitoring of all possible causes of pollution at sea, but also the establishment of measures to prevent pollution at sea resulting from the dumping of waste and other substances which could be detrimental to human health or to marine animals/plant life.

Notes

The dumping of certain waste/substances is banned or requires special permission.
The substances/substance groups concerned are listed below. In addition to the above, the amendment protocols also contain regulations concerning incineration at sea and additions to the substance list.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

A.) Article IV of the above Convention bans the dumping of the following waste/other substances:

1. Organic halogen compounds;

2. Mercury and mercury compounds;

3. Cadmium and cadmium compounds;

4. Durable plastics and other durable synthetic material representing a considerable hindrance to fishing, shipping or other rightful utilisation of the sea;

5. Crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil and lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids and mixtures containing one of these substances;

6. Refined petroleum products and residues from petroleum derivatives;

7. Highly radioactive waste or substances;

8. Substances in any state of aggregation produced for biological and chemical warfare;

9. Paragraphs 1 - 8 do not apply to substances which rapidly become harmless as a result of physical, chemical or biological processes in the sea;

10. The entire list does not apply to waste containing substances designated in paragraphs 1 - 5 in the form of trace contamination. Section B.) applies to such waste.

B.) Dumping of the following waste or other substances requires previous special permission; the following substances and objects are to be treated with special care:

1. Waste containing significant quantities of the following:

- Arsenic, lead, copper, zinc and their compounds;
- Organic silicon compounds;
- Cyanides, fluorides, pesticides and their by-products where not covered by Section A.);

2. Acids or alkalis containing a large amount of the above substances (item 1.) and/or a large amount of the following additional substances: beryllium, chromium, nickel and vanadium as well as their compounds;

3. Containers, scrap and other bulky waste which could impede fishing or shipping;

4. Radioactive waste or other radioactive materials where not quoted under Section A.).

Date: 03.03.73
IURMV No.: 973:18
CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA

Place: Washington

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

973:18/A dated 22.06.79
973:18/B dated 30.04.83

Convention: A, AFG, AUS, B, BD, BDS, BG, BH, BOL, BR, BRU, BS, BU, Burkina Faso, C, CDN, CH, Chad, Chile, CL, CO, CR, CY, CZ, D, Djibouti, DK, DOM, DZ, E, EAK, EAU, EC, Equatorial Guinea, ES, Estonia, ET, ETH, F, FL, Gabon, GCA, GH, GR, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, GUY, H, Honduras, I, IL, IND, IR, J, JOR, L, LB, M, MA, MAL, MC, MEX, Mozambique, MS, MW, N, Namibia, Nepal, NIC, NL, NZ, P, PA, PAK, PE, PL, PNG, PY, RA, RB, RCA, RCB, RFC, RI, RM, RN, ROK, ROU, RP, RPB, Russia, RWA, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, SF, SGP, Slovakia, SME, SN, SP, STL, SUD, SY, TG, THA, TJ, TN, TT, UK, United Arab Emirates, United Republic of Tanzania, USA, Vanuatu, VN, WAG, WAN, YV, Z, ZA, ZRE, ZW

Amendment 973:18/A: A, AUS, B, BG, BH, BR, BRU, BU, Burkina Faso, C, CH, Chad, Chile, CY, CZ, D, Djibouti, DK, EAK, EAU, ECU, Equatorial Guinea, ES, Estonia, ET, ETH, F, FL, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, GUY, I, IND, IR, J, JOR, L, M, MA, MC, MEX, MS, N, Namibia, Nepal, NL, NZ, PA, PAK, PE, PL, PNG, PY, RB, RI, RM, RN, ROU, Russia, RWA, S, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, SF, Slovakia, Slovenia, SME, SN, SY, TG, TN, TT, UK, United Arab Emirates, USA, Vanuatu, WAN, ZA, ZW

Amendment 973:18/B: A, AUS, B, BDS, BH, BOL, BR, BRU, Burkina Faso, Chile, CY, D, DK, E, EAU, F, I, IND, L, MA, MC, MS, MW, N, NL, RA, RB, ROU, RP, RWA, S, SF, Slovakia, Slovenia, SN, SY, TG, TJ, TT, UK, ZW.

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Protection of species (flora and fauna)
Protected area: Territories of signatory states
EIA relevance: The Convention regulates trading with/trade restrictions involving certain wild animals and plants whose numbers are considered to be endangered.

Notes

The annexes to the Convention list roughly 600 species of animal threatened with extinction and approximately 100 species of plant. Trading with these species is the subject of extremely stringent controls and is only permitted in exceptional circumstances.

There is also a further list of roughly 250 animals and 40 plants which are not threatened with extinction, but where trading is regulated, so as to guarantee their survival. Such trading presupposes the prior granting of an export licence.
Finally some 80 species of animal and plant are covered by special country-specific regulations.

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 02.11.73
IURMV No.: 973:84
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS (MARPOL)

Place: London

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

973:84/A dated 17.02.78
973:84/B dated 07.09.84

Convention: ADN, Antigua and Barbuda, B, BG, BRU, CO, D, EAK, H, I, JOR, N, PE, ROU, RPB, TN, UK, YU

Protocol 973:84/A: A, Antigua and Barbuda, AUS, B, BG, BR, BRU, BS, C, CDN, CH, CI, CO, Croatia, CY, CZ, D, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Djibouti, DK, DZ, E, EAK, ECU, Estonia, ET, F, Gabon, GH, GR, H, I, IL, IND, IS, JA, L, Latvia, LB, Lithuania, M, MA, Marshall Islands, MC, MEX, Myanmar, N, NL, Oman, P, PA, PE, PL, PNG, RA, RI, RL, ROK, ROU, Russia, S, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, SF, SGP, Slovenia, SME, SY, SYR, TG, TJ, TN, TR, Tuvalu, UK, Ukraine, USA, Vanuatu, VN, WAG, YU, ZA.

Protocol 973:84/B:

Polluter: Ships
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment in general
Protected area:
EIA relevance: Substance lists categorised in some cases according to hazard potential; international regulation with binding character; emission regulations

Notes

This Convention replaces the 1954 international convention concerning prevention of oil pollution at sea.

The amendment protocols serve to bring certain annexes into line with technical progress. The annexes to the protocols list for example substances/substance groups. Of particular interest is a list of some 180 chemicals grouped together in 4 categories (cat. A, B, C, D) in line with hazard potential. As regards the individual categories there are certain regulations governing possible introduction (speed, distance from nearest land etc.). The 13 substances in the most hazardous class A are given maximum introduction values in percentages by weight.

Certain areas (special zones) of the Baltic, the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea are covered by special agreements concerning the introduction of substances (see Convention concerning protection of Baltic marine environment (974:23 dated 22.03.74)).

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Place: Oslo
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

DK, CDN, N, USA, USSR.

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Species protection
Protected area: Natural habitat of polar bears
EIA relevance: The habitat of the polar bears is to be protected; in addition to banning hunting, dispensing with all vehicles in said habitat is designed to ensure that the population can develop undisturbed.

Notes

In addition to the species protection described above, this Convention is aimed at habitat protection.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 22.03.74
IURMV No.: 974:23
CONVENTION ON THE PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE BALTIC SEA AREA

Place: Helsinki
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

D, DDR, DK, PL, Russia, S, SF.

Polluter: Dumping at sea and pollution from on land
Protection of/acceptor: Marine fauna and flora, humans
Protected area: Baltic area (for definition see below)
EIA relevance: Substance lists categorised in some cases according to hazard potential; international regulation with binding character, emission regulations

The measures include the banning/restriction of the introduction of certain hazardous substances and objects into the Baltic area from the air or from the water. The catalogue containing the substances and objects affected by this Convention, and which are subject to said restrictions, is listed in part in the further information.

The annex to the Convention also lists some 180 chemicals classified in groups according to their hazard potential to enable specific regulations to be drawn up for the possible introduction of each of the groups. This list contains the same substances as those covered by the Convention concerning the prevention of pollution at sea caused by shipping (MARPOL, 973:84).

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Within the framework of this Convention, the Baltic area covers the Baltic in the narrow sense with the Gulf of Bothnia and Finland as well as the Skagerrak (boundary with North Sea 57°44'8'' north) and not including inland waters.

The following hazardous substances and objects affected by this Convention are subject to special regulations:

A.) The parties agree to combat the introduction of the hazardous substances designated below into the Baltic area.

1. DDT and its derivatives DDE and DDD;
2. PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls).

B.) The parties agree to take all suitable measures to monitor and strictly limit pollution caused by the hazardous substances and objects listed below. As a result, such substances and objects may only be introduced in considerable quantities into the Baltic marine environment with special prior permission issued by the responsible national authorities:

1. Mercury, cadmium and their compounds,

2. Antimony, arsenic, beryllium, chromium, copper, lead, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, tin, vanadium, zinc and their compounds as well as elementary phosphorus;

3. Phenols and their derivatives;

4. Phthalic acid and its derivatives;

5. Cyanides;

6. Durable halogenated hydrocarbons;

7. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives;

8. Durable toxic organic silicon compounds;

9. Durable pesticides including pesticides consisting of organic phosphorus and tin compounds, weed killers, sludge treatment agents and chemicals used to preserve wood, timber, wood pulp, cellulose, paper, skins and textiles insofar as these are not covered by section a.).

10. Radioactive materials;

11. Acids, alkalis and surface-active substances in high concentrations or large quantities;

12. Oil and waste from petrochemical and other industries containing lipid-solvent substances;

13. Substances which affect the taste/smell of products obtained from the sea for human consumption;

14. Objects and substances which drift, float or sink and could seriously affect rightful
utilisation of the sea;

15. Lignine substances contained in industrial sewage;

16. Chelate-forming EDTA and DTPA.

C.) There are special regulations for the Baltic area concerning some of the approx. 180 named chemicals and substance groups; the classification of the individual substances/substance groups is based on the method listed in the MARPOL Convention 973:84. In addition, there are further regulations to be complied with such as speed and distance from nearest land.

Date: 04.06.74
IURMV No.: 974:43
CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF MARINE POLLUTION FROM LAND-BASED SOURCES

Place: Paris
Amendment/supplementary protocols: 974:43/A dated 26.03.86

B, D, DK, E, EC, F, IRL, IS, L, N, NL, P, S, UK

Immediate subject matter

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: The sea, marine biotic communities, humans
Protected area: see below
EIA relevance: The Convention calls for measures to prevent pollution at sea should this endanger human health or if it could possibly be of damage to the marine ecosystem. It stipulates that there should be elimination/restriction of contamination of the sea caused by certain substances introduced from on land.

Notes

The substances of relevance to this Convention are listed in the "further information".
The supplementary protocol additionally extends the scope of the Convention to include pollution of the sea by the air.

The geographical reference area to which this Convention applies covers the following:
The Atlantic north of 36° north between 42° west and 51° east not including the Baltic, individual belts and the Mediterranean with its feeders. Also the area of the Atlantic north of 59° north and between 44° west and 42° west.

Data source analysed: IURMV

1. Organic halogen compounds and substances which could form such compounds in the marine environment, with the exception of those substances which are biologically harmless or are rapidly converted in the sea into biologically harmless substances;

2. Mercury and mercury compounds;

3. Cadmium and cadmium compounds;

4. Durable plastics which could serious impede lawful utilisation of the sea;

5. Durable oils obtained from petroleum and hydrocarbons;

6. Radioactive substances including waste.

1. Organic compounds of phosphorus, silicon and tin as well as substances which could form such compounds in the marine environment, with the exception of those substances which are biologically harmless or which are rapidly converted in the sea into biologically harmless substances;

2. Pure phosphorus;

3. Non-durable oils obtained from petroleum and hydrocarbons;

4. The following elements and their compounds: arsenic, lead, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc;

5. Substances which in the opinion of the commission have a detrimental effect on the taste/smell of products obtained from the marine environment for human consumption.

Date: 24.06.74
IURMV No.: 974:48
CONVENTION CONCERNING PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS CAUSED BY CARCINOGENIC SUBSTANCES (ILO NO. 139)

Place: Geneva
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

AFG, CH, D, DK, ECU, ET, Guinea, GUY, H, I, IRQ, J, N, NIC, PE, RA, ROU, S, SF, SYR, YV and YU

Polluter:
Protection of/acceptor: Human health
Protected area:
EIA relevance: The aim of the Convention is to develop international standards for protection against carcinogenic substances or their effects.

Notes

The possible measures envisaged relate to replacement of carcinogenic substances (or effects), to which employees are exposed in the course of their work, by less harmful substances, i.e. to reduce the duration and degree of such exposure to the minimum level consistent with the safety requirements.

Neither substances/substance groups nor potential measures are named.

Data source analysed: IURMV

Date: 16.02.76
IURMV No.: 976:13
CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA AGAINST POLLUTION

Place: Barcelona

Amendment/supplementary protocols:

976:14 dated 16.02.76
976:15 dated 16.02.76
980:37 dated 17.05.80
982:26 dated 03.04.82

AL, Croatia, CY, DZ, E, ET, F, GR, I, IL, LAR, M, MA, MC, RL, SYR, TN, TR, YU and the EC.

Polluter: All sources of pollution
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment
Protected area: See further information
EIA relevance: The parties agree to take suitable measures to prevent, reduce and combat pollution in addition to protecting and preserving the marine environment in the area outlined below.

The annex to the protocol lists a catalogue of substances used in the Convention; pollution caused by certain substances is to be eliminated/strictly limited. Further introduction presupposes mandatory approval by the responsible national authorities and observance of special provisions from the protocol.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Within the framework of this Convention, the Mediterranean encompasses the Mediterranean itself and its gulfs with the western boundary being formed by the Straits of Gibraltar and the eastern boundary by the Dardanelles.

1. Organohalogenated, organophosphoric and organic tin compounds and substances which could form such compounds in the marine milieu, with the exception of those compounds and substances which are biologically harmless or immediately converted into biologically harmless substances;

2. Mercury and mercury compounds;

3. Cadmium and cadmium compounds;

4. Used lubricating oils;

5. Durable synthetics which float or sink in water or form a suspension and could influence lawful utilisation of the sea;

6. Substances with proven carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic properties in a marine milieu or as a result of such a milieu;

7. Radioactive substances including radioactive waste if their sinking at sea does not comply with radiation prevention principles established by the responsible international bodies with allowance for the marine milieu;

1. The following elements and their compounds: zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, lead, selenium, arsenic, antimony, molybdenum, titanium, tin, barium, beryllium, boron, uranium, vanadium, cobalt, thallium, tellurium and silver;

2. Biocides and their derivatives;

3. Silicon-organic compounds and substances which could form such compounds in the marine milieu, with the exception of biologically harmless substances or those which rapidly become biologically harmless;

4. Crude oils and hydrocarbons of any origin;

5. Cyanides and fluorides;

6. Non-biodegradable detergents and other surface-active substances;

7. Inorganic phosphorus compounds and elementary phosphorus;

8. Pathogenic micro-organisms;

9. Waste heat;

10. Substances which impair the taste and/or smell of products obtained from water and intended for human consumption and compounds which result in the formation of such substances in the marine milieu;

11. Substances which directly or indirectly impair the oxygen content of the marine milieu, in particular those which result in eutrophication;

12. Acids or alkaline compounds of such composition and in such quantities that they could impair the quality of the sea;

13. Substances which - even if they are not toxic - endanger the marine milieu on account of the quantity in which they are introduced or which could influence lawful utilisation of the sea.

Date: 16.02.76
IURMV No.: 976:14
PROTOCOL FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA BY DUMPING FROM SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT

Place: Barcelona
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

AL, Croatia, CY, DZ, E, ET, F, GR, I, IL, LAR, M, MA, MC, RL, SYR, TN, TR, YU and the EC

Immediate subject matter

Polluter: Ships and aircraft
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment
Protected area: Mediterranean
EIA relevance: This protocol is oriented towards the Convention 972:96 concerning the prevention of pollution at sea caused by the introduction of waste and other substances. The basic aims of this Convention are applied to the area to be protected by the above protocol.

Notes

The discharge of certain waste and substances is prohibited or requires special approval. The list of substances and substance groups to which this protocol applies is given in the further information.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

A.) It is forbidden to introduce the chemicals and other waste substances listed below into the Mediterranean area:

1. Organic halogen and silicon compounds and compounds which could form such substances in the marine environment, with the exception of those substances which are not poisonous or are rapidly converted in the sea into biologically harmless substances, under the proviso that they do not impair the taste of edible marine life;

2. Mercury and mercury compounds;

3. Cadmium and cadmium compounds;

4. Durable plastics and other durable synthetic materials which considerably impede fishing or shipping, which detract from the advantages of the environment or which could impede other forms of lawful utilisation of the sea;

5. Crude oil and hydrocarbons which can be obtained from petroleum and mixtures containing one of these substances which were taken on board for the purpose of dumping;

6. Waste or other substances classed by the International Atomic Energy Organisation as being highly, moderately and slightly radioactive;

7. Acids and alkaline compounds, the composition and quantity of which could impair the quality of sea water to a considerable degree;

8. Substances in any form manufactured for the purposes of biological and chemical warfare, with the exception of those substances which rapidly become harmless as a result of physical, chemical and biological processes in the sea;

B.) Dumping of the substances and waste listed below in the Mediterranean area requires special permission issued on a case by case basis by the relevant national authorities:

1. Arsenic, lead, copper, zinc, beryllium, nickel, vanadium, selenium, antimony and their compounds;

2. Cyanides and fluorides;

3. Pesticides and their by-products;

4. Synthetic organic chemicals other than those contained in section A.) which have a harmful effect on marine life or which could impair the taste of edible marine life;

5. Acid and alkaline compounds insofar as they are not covered by section A.);

6. Containers, scrap and other bulky waste which would sink to the bottom of the sea and could seriously impede fishing or shipping;

7. Substances which are not poisonous but which could have a harmful effect on account of the quantity in which they are introduced;

8. Radioactive waste or other radioactive substances not listed in section A.).

Date: 26.02.76
IURMV No.: 976:17
CONVENTION ON THE GAME HUNTING FORMALITIES APPLICABLE TO TOURISTS ENTERING COUNTRIES IN THE CONSEIL DE L'ENTENTE

Place: Yamoussoukro/Ivory Coast
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

Burkina Faso, CI, RPB, RN and TG.

Immediate subject matter

Polluter: Hunting and tourism
Protection of/acceptor: Species protection
Protected area:
EIA relevance: The parties resolve to create standardised regulations for hunting by tourists in their sovereign territories with regard to species, duration of stay and other conditions.

Notes

Each party is to have a list drawn up of species which are partially or totally protected as well as those which can be hunted; this list is not part of the content of this Convention.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

Further information

Date: 12.06.76
IURMV No.: 976:45
CONVENTION ON CONSERVATION OF NATURE IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC

Place: Apia/WS
Amendment/supplementary protocols:

AUS, Cook Islands, FIJ and WS.

Immediate subject matter

Polluter: Human activities
Protection of/acceptor: Marine environment
Protected area: Protected zones, national parks and reserves
EIA relevance: The parties agree to mark out protected areas in the above form. Furthermore, basic regulations for protection of these areas are to be proclaimed.

Notes

Actual protected areas are not listed.

Reference

Data source analysed: IURMV

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