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Annex 7a - Waste types according to the specimen classification scheme
Batstone, R., Smith, J.E., Wilson, D. (ed.):
The Safe Disposal of Hazardous Wastes, The Special Needs and Problems of Developing Countries, Vol. I, II, III; World Bank Technical Paper Number 93. A joint study sponsored by the World Bank, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), Washington D.C., 1989.
I INORGANIC WASTE
ACIDS AND ALKALIS
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Acids | ||
| Sulphuric
acid Pickles containing iron Acid solvents Nitric acid Chromic acid Stainless steel cleaning products Acid sludge Reagents |
Electroplating Steel pickling Metal finishing Organic synthesis Electrolytic oxidation Metal surface treatment Coking Pesticide manufacture |
D |
| Alkalis | ||
| Alkaline
detergents Corrosive liquids containing ammoniaPickling baths Wastes containing ammonia Pickling sludges Pickling Sludges containing ammonia |
Metal
degreasing Electrical engineering Metal finishing Copying shops, chemical synthesis Oil, re-refining Oil, refining Coking/gas works |
D |
| Wastes containing cyanide | ||
| Untreated
rinsing water Electroplating process solvents Heat treatment waste Concentrates and semi-concentrates |
Electroplating Steel production Hydrometallurgy Chemical synthesis Spraying(pest control) |
D |
| Heavy metal sludges and solutions containing heavy metals | ||
| Lead
sludges Wastewater treatment sludge from mercury cell process, brine cleaning, mercury cell process Wastewater treatment sludges Surface treatment Cleaning sludges Acid plant Process sludges from electrolysis - cadmium residues - lye residues - lead sludges - other sludges Briny sludges from acid plants Wastewater treatment/sewage sludges Pickling Zinc and other heavy metal sludges Filter dusts Pickles and sludges |
Chlorine
production Chrome dyes Wood storage (1) Lead smelting process (2) Lead smelting process (3) Zinc production Battery production Tin plate mill Electroplating works Copper production (2) Copper production Textile industry Steel production Steel finishing |
F |
| Untreated
wastewater and wastewater treatment sludges Mixed metal sludges Waste sludges Reagents Asbestos dust Pipe cleaning and insulation materials Compounds containing asbestos |
Explosives
manufacture Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar products Photographic process Electrical industry Preparation and process technology for asbestos Power station, industrial manufacture, gas works, ports, hospitals and schools Chlorine production |
F |
| Solid residues (n.f.s.) | ||
| Filter
dusts Dusts and sludges Waste sands Filter dusts Draught furnace slag Old catalysts Solid residues Wastes containing carbon Scrap batteries Iron oxides |
Steel
production Ferromanganese furnace Silicon manganese electric furnace Ferrochromium electric furnace Iron and steel smelting Iron and steel smelting Lead smelting process (3) Copper smelting process (3) Chemical synthesis Rubber production Manufacture sulphuric acid, chemical synthesis Different sources Gas cleaning/coking |
D |
Notes:
(1) When using chromated
copper arsenates
(2) Primary mat.
(3) Secondary mat.
n.f.s. not further specified
II WASTE CONTAINING OIL
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Used
oils Contaminated benzine oils Compressor condensates Grit chamber residues Sludges containing oil, containing cyanide Sludges containing oil Sludges containing oil Pickling sludges Drilling and cutting oils Used fruit oil |
Car
workshops, filling stations, textiles Oil tanks and containers Compressors Manufacture of decomposition materials, Chemical synthesis Grit chamber, vessels Surface treatment of metals Oil production/cleaning Mining Petroleum refining Coking plant and gas works Re-refining of oils Metal processing Manufacture of fruit oils |
G/L |
III ORGANIC WASTE
ORGANIC CHEMICAL RESIDUES (N.F.S.)
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Halogenated substances1) | Propylene
oxide/propylene glycol Ether and aldehyde Isocyanate Alkalised bromide Dye intermediates and dyes Pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals Plastic and rubber Diazo process intermediate products Epoxide and phenol resin Product research Chlorocarbon |
F |
Source: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. 1979. Halogenated Organic Wastes, Waste Management Paper No. 15, Annex 2, London. - adapted-.
1) no precise substance description has been given because of the large number of substances.
n.f.s. not further specified
III ORGANIC WASTE ORGANIC CHEMICAL RESIDUES (N.F.S.)
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Non-halogenated
substances1) |
Oil
refining Petroleum refining Organic substances from chemicals production Chemicals production Dyes and intermediate products (manufacture) Production of raw chemicals Petrochemicals (manufacturer) Pharmaceuticals (manufacture) Fine chemicals (manufacture) Chemical fibres manufacture Lubricants, additives (manufacture) Aluminium smelting process Plastic fabrication Plastic (manufacture) Town/gas works Phenol production Toluol diisocyanate (production) |
C |
Source: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. 1977. Tarry and Distillation Wastes and Other Chemical-Based Residues, Waste Management Paper No. 13, Annex 3. London. - adapted -.
1) no precise substance description has been given because of the large number of substances.
n.f.s. not further specified.
III ORGANIC WASTE ORGANIC CHEMICAL RESIDUES (N.F.S.)1)
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Dry
cleaning Textiles and leather Metal cleaning Colour staining Industrial and domestic cleaning Chemical synthesis Bonding agents (manufacture) Automobiles (manufacture) Cleaning products and polishes Mechanical engineering Raw materials industry (essential oils, etc.) flavourings, essences, perfume, cosmetics and health care products (manufacture) Maintenance and repair of vehicles, including road, railway and air traffic Leather industry Wood industry, preservatives Photographic industry Printing industry Shipyards and shipbuilding Wheel (manufacture) |
L |
Source: Adapted from Department of the Environment. 1977. Waste Management Paper No. 14, Annex 1. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
1) no precise substance description has been given because of the large number of substances.
n.f.s. not further specified.
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL WASTE
Waste streams |
Industry/process |
Industry groups |
| Solid
and liquid waste Dielectric liquid and solid waste Dielectric liquid and solid waste Hydraulic fluids Heat transmission fluids Plastic residues |
Manufacture
of PCBs Transformer residues Condenser residues Mining equipment, aircraftchemical industry Chemical process technology Production process of plastics manufacture |
F |
III ORGANIC WASTE
| BIOCIDE WASTE | |||
| Chemical classes | Waste types | Industry/process | Industry groups |
| Insecticides | Bottom residues | Biocide manufacture | F |
| · Organo-phosphorus | Filter media | Biocide formulators | F |
| · Compound | Separation products | Packaging industry | F |
| · Organo-chlorine | Packaging | Importers | F |
| · Compound | Clothing | Wholesalers | F |
| · Carbamate | Treatment domestic wastewater sludges | Distributors/Retail trade | F |
| Herbicides | |||
| · Phenols | |||
| · Phenoxy acid | Incident drainage | ||
| · Substituted urea | Cleaning | ||
| · Triazines | |||
| · Benzoic acid | |||
| · Dinitroanilines | Empty containers | Use in agriculture | A |
| · Anilides | Unused products | Domestic use (animal care) | A |
| · Other | Accidents | Use in horticulture | A |
| Fungicides | Industrial uses | ||
| · Wood preservation | H | ||
| · Dithiocarbamates | · Dyes industry | F | |
| · Phtalimides | · Paper industry | I | |
| · Textile industry | H | ||
| · Electrical cables | G | ||
| · Tobacco | A | ||
| · Adhesives | F | ||
| · Building industry | E | ||
| Use in the public sector | L | ||
| Uses in the home and garden sphere | L |
BIOCIDE WASTE
| Waste streams | Industry/Process | Industry groups |
| Varnishing residues | Varnishing works | G/H |
| Old varnishes | Painting/varnishing shops (trade) | G/H |
| Old paints | Painting/varnishing works | G/H |
| Varnishing sludges | ||
| Paint residues | Manufacture of paints | F |
| Printing ink residues | Manufacture of printing inks | F |
| Printing works | J | |
| Resin residues | Plastics production | F |
| Manufacture of paints | F | |
| Manufacture of synthetic resins | F | |
| Resin oil residues | F | |
| Manufacture of resin | H | |
| Paint residues | Manufacture of paint | F |
(1) Normally the waste contains a mixture of aliphatic solvents, resins and sometimes also heavy metals
IV PUTREFACTIVE ORGANIC WASTE
| Decomposed vegetable oils | Production of edible oil | A |
| Production of edible fat | A | |
| Special oil residues | Production of pharmaceuticals | F |
| Production of health care articles | F | |
| Animal waste; including blood, faeces and intestines | Abattoir | A |
| Meat production | A | |
| Fish farming | A | |
| Poultry waste | Poultry farming | A |
| Fish waste | Fish farming | A |
| Animal corpses/skeletons | Stock farming | A |
| Pharmaceuticals industry | F | |
| Skin, glues | Tannery and fleece industry | H |
| Meat residues | ||
| Tannery sludges | ||
| Sludges and animal remains | Intestine contents | A |
| Cooking remains, kitchen waste | Processing of animal products | A |
V Mass waste with relatively low hazard potential
| Waste streams | Industry/process | Industry |
| Drilling sludges | Petroleum/gas production | C |
| Fly ash | Power station cleaning | C |
| Materials from mining | Mineral production | B |
| Contaminated soil | Various | Various |
| Flue gas desulphurisation residues | Power station cleaning | C |
| Phosphorus gypsum sludges | Fertiliser production | F |
| Titanium dioxide sludges | Dye production | F |
VI Special wastes
| Waste streams | Industry/process | Industry groups |
| INFECTIOUS WASTE | ||
| Special types of waste | Stock farming | A |
| Resulting from veterinary quarantine | K | |
| Pathogenic waste with communicable germs | Health institutions | K |
| Animal and human tissue | Microbiology laboratories | K |
| Hospitals | K | |
| Biotechnology industry | K | |
| Microbiology industry | K | |
| Garments | Hospitals | K |
| Institutions | K | |
| Disposable materials(hospital waste) | ||
| LABORATORY WASTE | ||
| Waste pharmaceuticals | Pharmacists | L |
| Laboratory chemical | Manufacture of drugs/fine chemicals | F |
| residues | Research institutions | Various |
| Chemistry laboratories | Various | |
| EXPLOSIVE WASTE | ||
| Armaments waste | Armaments | F/G |
| TNT, azide | Explosives manufacture | F |
| Nitrate of organic chemical waste | Chemical synthesis | F |