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Striking The Right Balance
New Journal:  Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution  
Post-Doc Opportunity Structural Equation Modeling
Biology Department Chair Position
OSU Post-Doc RA for Ameriflux and TERRA-PNW
One last reminder: Events for ecologists at undergraduate institutions at  ESA
Job Announcement: NEON Project Manager  
Job: Science Associate at NEON
Postdoc and Graduate Student Positions
Position Announcement
Field Technician Position - Everglades restoration
Potential research projects for high school students
Post Doc - NCSU - Conservation Planning
Doctoral Research Asst - NCSU - Advancing GAP
Tenure-track Asst. Professor in Plant Ecology  
MS Graduate Assistantship_Wild Turkeys (2)
Doctoral Fellowship in Ecology or  Evolution
Faculty Position: Plant Physiological Ecologist
New DNR Job Opportunities
Research technician in plant ecology, Utah State Univ.
Graduate research assistants in plant ecology, Utah State Univ.
New Tenure Track Position-Oregon
NASA Satellite Positioning Software May Aid in Tsunami Warnings
India to launch Cartosat-2
WorldView 1 sensor delivered to DigitalGlobe
Pictometry and Intergraph form marketing alliance
Report Back on SSI Accomplishments
Timber smuggling continues in Manas
China Denies Plundering World's Rain Forests
[Ramsar-CEPA-Eng] The Future of Sustainability: Have Your Say

Subject: Post-Doc Opportunity Structural Equation Modeling

Research Scientist I -  Quantitative Ecologist

The USGS is seeking a Post-doctoral individual to work on projects dealing with the analysis of complex ecological/environmental problems. Our Statistical Modeling Group, headed by Dr. Jim Grace, is currently involved in a large number of projects involving the analysis of complex systems behavior and multivariate data. Current approaches emphasize structural equation modeling to develop and evaluate multivariate hypotheses and to analyze complex data. The group anticipates continuing this avenue of work and evaluating the utility of additional procedures. More information
about group projects can be found at http://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/about /web/j_grace.htm .

Location for the position is at the USGS Research Center in Lafayette, Louisiana. The individual would work in a team environment, though with substantial independence, and will be expected to collaborate on a variety of analyses. An eagerness to learn and/or apply structural equation modeling (SEM) and other statistical modeling techniques is required. Ability to work closely with others important for this position. The hiring for this position will be through our on-site private contract firm, IAP. The text from their add is given below.

For additional information, contact Jim_Grace@ugsg.gov
Salary:   $44,000 - $47,000

Research Scientist I
Quantitative Biologist/Ecologist

Background:     IAP World Services, Inc. has an excellent opportunity for a Quantitative Ecologist to perform work for IAPWS under contract to the
USGS National Wetlands Research Center in Lafayette, LA.  IAP World Services is the on-site technical services contractor and supports NWRC by
hiring and managing qualified individuals to support NWRC?s research projects.

Position Description:  The successful candidate will be a Post-doctoral individual to work on projects dealing with the analysis of complex ecological/environmental problems. The NWRC Statistical Modeling Group, headed by Dr. Jim Grace, is currently involved in multiple projects involving the analysis of complex systems behavior and multivariate data. Current approaches emphasize structural equation modeling to develop and evaluate multivariate hypotheses and to analyze complex data. The group anticipates continuing this avenue of work and evaluating the utility of The individual will work in a team environment, though with substantialindependence, and will be expected to collaborate on a variety of analyses.  An eagerness to learn, or experience with, structural equation modeling (SEM) and other statistical modeling techniques is essential. The successful candidate needs a solid background in modern statistics and an interest in learning methods associated with multivariate statistical modeling and SEM. Ability to work closely with others is important for this position.

Requirements:  The position requires a Master?s Degree (or higher) with aabsolute minimum education and experience equivalent to one year post master?s level study in biological issues related to natural resources.Experience in quantitative ecological methods is highly desirable.

Benefits:  IAP World Services offers an excellent benefits packageincluding healthcare, dental, vision, matching 401(k) and other employee selected options.

Application:    Individuals with the above skills and experience shouldapply online at www.iapws.com and select ?Careers at IAP? from the main page.

An Equal Opportunity EmployerWe promote a drug-free work environment.  Women, minorities, and the disabled are encouraged to apply.

------------------------------


An Equal Opportunity Employer We promote a drug-free work environment.  Women, minorities, and the disabled are encouraged to apply.
 

Subject: Biology Department Chair Position

CHAIR
Department of Biology
University of Central Florida
The Department of Biology ( http://www.cas.ucf.edu/biology / ) at the University of Central Florida invites applications and nominations for Department Chair. Candidates must have a Ph.D. in Biology or a closely related discipline, a commitment to graduate education, strong leadership skills, and credentials meriting Professor rank. Administrative skills, service on key university committees, and faculty experience in a comprehensive Biology Department are preferred. The successful candidate will articulate a vision for continued growth and development of the Department in research, teaching, and service across the biological sciences.

Our Department is in a dynamic growth phase, with fifteen new hires in the past seven years, a recent renovation and expansion of facilities, and a recently established Ph.D. in Conservation Biology.  Our 23 tenured and tenure-track faculty, three research faculty, and four full-time instructors have diverse teaching and research interests and a strong commitment to the success of our approximately 1000 undergraduate majors, 72 M.S. students, and 26 Ph.D. candidates.  Our faculty also supports an interdepartmental Ph.D. in Biomolecular Sciences and actively partners with regional and national research institutes, businesses, and nongovernmental organizations.

The University of Central Florida's 1415-acre main campus is located 13 miles east of downtown Orlando and 40 miles west of Cape Canaveral. We are a major research university with over 45,000 students enrolled in 86 baccalaureate programs and 95 graduate and specialist programs (http://www.ucf.edu/ ).  One of the university's main goals is achieving prominence in key research fields and graduate programs, including conservation biology.
Applicants must send a cover letter, curriculum vitae, statements of leadership philosophy, research, and teaching interests, and contact information for three references to: Dr. Kevin D. Belfield, Biology Search Committee Chair, Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando FL 32816-2368.  Review of applications will begin October 15, 2006 and continue until the position is filled.  The University of Central Florida is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.  Minorities and women are encouraged to apply.  As an agency of the State of Florida, all application materials and selection procedures are available for public review.

------------------------------

Subject: OSU Post-Doc RA for Ameriflux and TERRA-PNW

POST DOCTORATE RESEARCH ASSOCIATE
Biometeorologist/Modeler
Research in Support of AmeriFlux and a Regional Project of the North
American Carbon Program

Position Number: 002-1070

Location:  Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.

Earliest Starting Date:  November 1, 2006

Application Closing Date:  For full consideration apply by October 1, 2006.

Context: The TERRA-PNW research group requires a motivated person to participate in interdisciplinary research on terrestrial carbon processes and responses to climate and disturbance across biomes and regions. The research will be conducted in support of (1) the AmeriFlux network, where the incumbent will lead network-wide syntheses to understand variation in carbon dioxide, water vapor and energy exchange, and (2) a project of the North American Carbon Program, where the goal is to quantify and understand the regional carbon balance using approaches that include numerical modeling, biological and micrometeorological observations, and satellite imagery.

Responsibilities: The incumbent will have two main responsibilities:  (1) lead and participate in network-wide synthesis of results on carbon dioxide fluxes across the AmeriFlux network of sites, seeking general principles on how disturbance, land use, and interannual variation in climate influence fluxes across sites, regions, and the continent, and (2) participate in the model-data fusion component of a project aiming at estimating the regional carbon budget for Oregon and California (ORCA). For AmeriFlux synthesis responsibilities, the incumbent will conduct analysis of large sets of micrometeorological and ecological data from the sites, and produce synthesis papers for publication in high quality peer reviewed journals. This will require interaction with investigators of several sites. The incumbent will participate in other aspects of AmeriFlux, such as compilation of measurement guidelines, and reporting to program managers. For the ORCA regional project of the NACP, the incumbent will be responsible for a network of five high-precision CO2 concentration profile systems, which serves as an important data source for the model-data fusion, where these data are incorporated in carbon flux models and atmospheric transport modeling. The incumbent will also be involved in testing, improving and optimizing the models and their coupling procedures. The goal is to estimate regional carbon fluxes (1 km resolution), explaining variation due to land use, climate, and disturbance, and compare results with those of the bottom-up component of ORCA (Biome-BGC process model). The incumbent will be responsible for leading publications on the results within the timeframe of the project.

Required qualifications: The candidate must hold a PhD degree in biometeorology, terrestrial ecosystems analysis, forestry, or similar degree. Experience in measurement of one or more of the following are essential: ecosystem processes; vegetation-atmosphere interaction; atmospheric boundary layer dynamics. Training and experience in numerical modeling, knowledge and experience in C++ and/or FORTRAN programming language, statistical analysis (e.g. SPLUS), data management, and geographic information systems (e.g. ArcGIS) are required. Demonstrated ability to communicate results in high quality peer-reviewed scientific journals and at professional meetings. Demonstrated ability to work collaboratively with an interdisciplinary team of research scientists.

Desired qualifications: Experience in carbon budget modeling and the principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology. Preferred qualifications include training in numerical optimization methods, spatial analysis, and experience integrating concentration and flux databases with satellite data and regional scale spatial analysis. Demonstrable commitment to promoting and enhancing diversity.Employment conditions: Full-time (1.0 FTE) 12-month, fixed term faculty position with reappointment at the discretion of the Dean. Full-time annual salary starting at $40,008–$45,000 (U.S.) depending on experience and qualifications. Medical, dental, and life insurance group plans are available.

For more information: Contact Dr. Beverly Law, Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331; phone: 541-737-6111; fax: 541-737-1393; internet: Bev.Law@oregonstate.edu . Web: http://wwwdata.forestry .oregonstate.edu/terra/ , http://public.ornl.gov/amerifl ux/

To apply: Send letter of application with statement of interest, vitae (resume), up to 2 examples of your senior-authored publications, unofficial copies of transcripts of university work, and the name, address, telephone number, and email address of 3 references to: Ryan Hink, Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis OR 97331-5752. For full consideration send application materials by October 1, 2006.

Oregon State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Employment Opportunity employer and has a policy of being responsive to the needs of dual-career couples.

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 3 Aug 2006 13:56:50 -0400
From:    Laurie Anderson < ljanders@OWU.EDU >
Subject: One last reminder: Events for ecologists at undergraduate institutions at ESA

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to cordially invite you to attend two events at this year's ESA meeting in Memphis:

1. Project NEON at undergraduate institutions: an invitation for discussion and input. Monday, August 7, 8-10 pm. Organizers: Laurel Anderson, Kerry Woods

2. Mixer for Ecologists at Undergraduate Institutions. Wednesday, August 9, 6:30-8:00 pm. Gatlinburg, Marriott.  Organizer: Laurel Anderson

The evening Session on Monday is an opportunity for ecologists working at smaller institutions with a primarily teaching focus to consider how we might participate in and interact with the proposed National Ecological Observatory Network.  There will be a short presentation giving an overview of the NEON project, followed by open discussion.

The mixer on Wednesday is a chance for ecologists working at smaller institutions to meet, network, and make connections with each other.  One motivation for this mixer is to discuss whether an official ESA section for ecologists working at small liberal arts colleges, community colleges, satellite university campuses, etc. might be of interest.

This section would have a focus distinct from the Education Section (although many of our interests overlap with theirs) and would instead encompass the full professional experience of working at institution with a primarily teaching mission.  Topics the new section could address include networking among these ecologists (as some may be the only ecologist at their institution), mentoring graduate students interested in careers at such institutions, discussing strategies for balancing teaching and research, and considering the roles of these institutions in major projects such as NEON.

Think this is a great idea?  Don't like it so much?  Regardless, come join us for some socializing and conversation.  Since this mixer is not sponsored by an official ESA section, there is no budget for munchies, however a cash bar will be available.

Laurie Anderson
Assistant Professor
Ohio Wesleyan University


Dr. Laurie Anderson (Laurel J. Anderson)
Dept. of Botany/Microbiology
Ohio Wesleyan University
Delaware, OH 43015
740-368-3501
ljanders@owu.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 3 Aug 2006 16:09:02 -0400
From:    David Kirschtel < dkirschtel@AIBS.ORG >
Subject: Job Announcement: NEON Project Manager

The following position announcement has been posted on the NEON website ( www.neoninc.org ) and will be appearing in: Nature, Science and the Chronicle of Higher Education. All communications regarding this position should be directed to Brian Wee, NEON Administrative Director, AIBS, 1444 Eye St. NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, FAX; 202-628-1509, bwee@aibs.org .
______________________________ ________

The National Ecological Observatory Network office (NEON: www.neoninc.org ), managed by the nonprofit NEON Corporation (NEON Inc.), has an immediate opening for a full-time Project Manager (PM) to manage the construction phase of the NEON facility from its offices in Washington DC. Funded as a Major Research Equipment and Facilities Center project of the National Science Foundation (NSF), NEON is a continental scale research instrument consisting of geographically distributed and networked infrastructure, including lab and field instrumentation, site-based experimental
infrastructure, biodiversity archive facilities and/or computational, analytical and modeling capabilities.

Job Description

The Project Manager reports to the NEON Inc. CEO. The CEO is the Principal Investigator (PI) for the NSF funding. Together, the PM and PI are accountable to NSF and to the NEON Inc. Board of Directors for their project's performance and fiduciary and compliance responsibilities.

The PM will be involved in all phases of planning, organizing, conducting, and documenting project management of NEON in development and construction, and annual or periodic validation review for its operation. The PM exercises primary responsibility for the business aspects of construction, maintenance and operation of the NEON facility, including planning coordination; serving as the interface with the relevant communities; preparing documentation for program review and approval; preparing funding requests for operations, maintenance and related programmatic activities; and overseeing the project. The PM works closely with a variety of NEON scientists, engineers, technologists, and contractors as well as NEON's business
office staff.

The PM is responsible for leading the NEON project team to develop the Preliminary and Final Design plans. Additionally, the PM, subject to favorable construction funding commitments, will be responsible for executing the NEON (MREFC) Project Construction scope within budget and on schedule. During the Readiness Stage, the PM's responsibilities include:

        - Managing the overall budget and schedule according to the project reporting and financial guidelines required by NSF. Allocating resources amongst the project tasks and authorizing financial commitments and payments within established limits, and presenting and recommending, as appropriate, commitments and payments beyond these limits to the Board of Directors and NSF when costs exceed established thresholds.

        - Coordinating, communicating, and negotiating with the NSF BIO Directorate and the NSF Large Facilities Office in a cooperative teaming arrangement.

        - Developing the NEON PMO and project management team by identifying the necessary staff, office resources, infrastructure requirements and other services needed to fully prepare NEON Inc. to:
(1) receive NSF awards; (2) complete the requisite deliverables; and (3) demonstrate the ability to execute the NEON Project construction
within scope, cost and schedule.

        - Formulating a detailed plan to complete the final NEON Project Execution Plan (PEP).

        - Establishing both schedule and budget reserves for the Project Development Plan (PDP), and recommending to the Board of Directors the appropriate level of contingency allocation throughout the lifetime of the Readiness Stage.

        - Ensuring that the PDP and technical approaches adopted and implemented in the Preliminary Design / Readiness Stage are consistent with the NEON Science Requirements, and identifying to the Board of Directors where implementation of these requirements may conflict with the allocated project resources. The PM has the responsibility for decisions affecting capability, schedule, cost, and risk and for providing the rationale to the Board of Directors for approval of such decisions.

        - Preparing a comprehensive cost and schedule baseline plan, including the necessary software tools, configuration and change control processes and procedures, skilled Earned Value Management personnel, and training of the technical management to support the implementation and construction of the NEON Project.

        - Preparing and organizing formal management and technical reviews of the Preliminary Design and major milestones, ensuring compliance with the Science Requirements, schedule, and budget.

        - Working with the NEON participating collaborators and partner institutions to ensure effective oversight and management of work tasks undertaken by the partners.


Skills, Experience and Qualifications

The successful NEON Project Manager candidate will possess the following qualifications:

        - Significant knowledge and experience with large project management and oversight. Specific familiarity with the following topics: Budget and budget contingency estimation and methodology, Project Management Plans, Project Management Control Systems, Earned Value Management Reporting, Development of a project's critical path, Risk management, Development and management of a project baseline.

        - Strong leadership skills, decision-making abilities, effective communicator, and effective motivator.

        - Extensive management knowledge gained in a research and/or education-related setting and the ability to provide sound advice and
policy recommendations.

        - Extensive skill planning, organizing, and directing teams conducting reviews, developing and negotiating implementation of recommendations for changes and improvements with NSF and awardee management.

        - Hold a MS or PhD in a field of science (preferably related to the ecology, biology, chemistry or other earth sciences) or engineering. Other MS or PhD degrees will be considered.

        - Willingness to perform extensive travel.

        - Occasionally, work may be required in remote sites, on-board research vessels, or in areas that will expose the incumbent to all kinds of occupational (e.g., construction sites) and environmental (e.g., extreme hot or cold, high altitudes) conditions.

        - Willingness to make a 7 to 8 year commitment to the construction project.


To apply

This is a full-time, salaried position at the NEON offices in Washington, DC, subject to the continuing availability of NSF funding. Benefits include healthcare, paid vacation, and retirement plan. Send cover letter, resume, salary history, and salary requirements to NEON Administrative Director, attn. NEON Project Manager Search, AIBS, 1444 Eye St. NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, FAX; 202-628-1509, bwee@aibs.org .

------------------------------

Subject: Job: Science Associate at NEON

The American Institute of Biological Sciences seeks a Science Associate to join the Washington DC staff of its project planning the National Ecological Observatory Network ( www.neoninc.org ).

We seek an individual to work under the direction of the NEON Administrative Director on activities that include:

- Organizing and running workshops and meetings.
- Coordinating multi-author reports.
- Representing AIBS and NEON at scientific meetings.
- Developing and compiling databases related to biological research infrastructure.
- Researching and compiling ecological measurement standards and protocols.

This is a diverse position in a small-office setting that requires scientific training, administrative acumen, and a willingness to roll up your sleeves and pitch in regardless of the task. The successful candidate will interact with the biological research and education communities and various government agencies, among others, and thus must demonstrate superior written and verbal communication skills with different kinds of audiences. We expect a high degree of
computer competency and prefer candidates with an advanced degree in the biological or environmental sciences and a familiarity with NEON's goals.

This is a full-time, salaried position in the AIBS Headquarters, centrally located in downtown Washington, DC, subject to the continuing availability of NSF grant funding.  Salary to the $40s. AIBS benefits include healthcare and retirement plan. Send cover letter and resume to NEON Administrative Director, Science Associate Search, AIBS, 1444 Eye St. NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, FAX; 202-628-1509, bwee@aibs.org . The position will remain open until filled.

------------------------------

Date:    Thu, 3 Aug 2006 15:56:36 -0400
From:    Jianguo Liu < jliu@PANDA.MSU.EDU >
Subject: Postdoc and Graduate Student Positions

Dear Colleague:

Please share the following information with potential applicants. Many
thanks.

****************************** *****************

Postdoctoral Associate and Graduate Students

A postdoctoral associate and two graduate students are sought to join an interdisciplinary team that integrates ecology and economics for studying forested landscapes. This integrated project takes a systems approach to examine ecological and economic effects of forest management on both public and private lands in a large region of Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The region is currently managed primarily for timber harvest and deer hunting, with protection of non-game wildlife and promotion of tourism as additional goals. Our objectives are to (1) develop and validate a systems ecological-economic model, (2) conduct simulation experiments and test hypotheses using the model, and (3) use research products for education and extension. The comprehensive model will incorporate a variety of information (e.g., plants, wildlife, especially migratory songbirds, market and non-market values, and management activities) to address many fundamental questions that have important implications for management. The completion of this project will provide critical multi-scale information on ecological and economic responses across managed landscapes, economic trade-offs among various forest products and ecosystem services, and ways to optimize the choice and spatial arrangement of management options on the landscapes to improve and sustain natural resources and ecosystem services.  Team members will have opportunities to be involved in outreach activities in which we share information with area stakeholders, and use this information to maximize the applicability of the model.

We are looking for highly motivated individuals to achieve the project objectives and to experience unique interdisciplinary opportunities. Applicants should have strong interests in systems modeling, landscape ecology, forest ecology, wildlife ecology, or resource economics. Strong quantitative skills (e.g., computer modeling, mathematics, geographic information systems, remote sensing, and/or statistics) and programming experiences (e.g., C, C++, or Java) are desirable. Salaries and benefits are competitive. The starting date is negotiable.

Interested individuals should provide the following materials as soon as possible: (1) cover letter indicating general and specific research interests/experiences, (2) statement of professional goals (e.g., plans after finishing the training), (3) resume, (4) transcripts, (5) list of three references (names, email addresses, phone numbers, and postal addresses), (6) GRE scores, and (7) TOEFL scores (for international applicants whose native language is not English). Photocopies of transcripts and GRE/TOEFL scores are okay initially. Reviews of applications will continue until the positions are filled.

For additional information about the project, please contact Dr. Jianguo (Jack) Liu (systems modeling/landscape ecology, jliu@panda.msu.edu ), Dr. Frank Lupi (resource economics, lupi@msu.edu ), Dr. Mike Walters (forest ecology, mwalters@msu.edu ), or Dr. Kim Hall (wildlife ecology,hallkim@msu.edu ). In addition to these principal investigators, a number of collaborators from several resource management agencies (e.g., USGS, The Nature Conservancy, and Michigan Department of Natural Resources) are also part of the team.

Please email, mail, or fax all application materials to:

Sherrie Lenneman
Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
13 Natural Resources Building
Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
517-432-1699 (fax)
lenneman@msu.edu (email)


****************************** *********
Jianguo (Jack) Liu
Rachel Carson Chair in Ecological Sustainability
& University Distinguished Professor
Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
Michigan State University
13 Natural Resources Building
East Lansing, MI 48824
517-355-1810 (phone)
517-432-1699 (fax)
jliu@panda.msu.edu (email)
http://www.csis.msu.edu

------------------------------

Date:    Fri, 28 Jul 2006 15:15:33 -0700
From:    Lixin Wang < ecologylist@YAHOO.COM >

Subject: New Journal:  Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to inform you about the new journal called Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution.  Because it is actually a reincarnation of the Israel Journal of Zoology, we have retained volume numbers and ISI coverage.  Chief Editors include myself and Burt Kotler.  Our editorial staff includes renown biologists from Israel and elsewhere.  Though we anticipate that Israel, the Middle East and  Mediterranean climates will get significant coverage in this journal, we consider empirical papers from anywhere, and theoretical papers.  Please check out our website and consider submitting papers of high quality:

http://www.israelsciencejourna ls.com/eco.htm

Best wishes,
Leon Blaustein

Chief Editor, Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution
http://israelsciencejournals .com/eco.htm
e-mail
:   ijee.lb@research.haifa.ac.il

Handling Editor, Ecology Letters
http://www.blackwellpublishing .com/journal.asp?ref=1461-023X

Community Ecology Laboratory
Institute of Evolution, Faculty of Sciences
University of Haifa, Haifa 31905  Israel
Tel. 972-4-8240736 (office)
Tel. 972-4-9998881 (home)
Institute Fax:  972-4-8246554
Alternative e-mail:   leon.blaustein@gmail.com

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 15 Aug 2006 11:22:17 -0400
From:    Michael Bykhovsky < mikeray@UGA.EDU >
Subject: Position Announcement

Postdoctoral Position in Stream Ecology/Stable Isotope/ Stoichiometry Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA

We are seeking candidates for a 3-4 yr postdoctoral position for a large interdisciplinary project which has been recommended for funding* through the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Frontiers in Biological Research (FIBR) Program: Linking genes to ecosystems: how do ecological and evolutionary processes interact in nature.

The successful applicant will be based at the University of Georgia’s Institute of Ecology and will be part of an interdisciplinary research team composed of scientists from the University of Georgia, University of California, Riverside, Cornell University, University of Nebraska, and several other universities.  Field research will be conducted in tropical streams of Trinidad and laboratory work at the University of Georgia’s Institute of Ecology.  The successful applicant will be involved in characterization of tropical stream food webs which includes natural abundance stable isotope studies, stoichiometry, and experimental 15N addition.  He/she will co-coordinate (with another postdoc) studies of ecosystem variables in study streams and participate in manipulative experiments that involve a larger team. He/she will be involved in small-scale and whole-stream manipulative experiments.  He/she will have considerable intellectual freedom to develop independent research!  projects that compliment, but are distinct from goals of the main project.

The position offers full benefits and a starting salary of $40,000/yr.  The start date is 1 January 2007 (or earlier). Consideration of applications begins
immediately and will continue until the position is filled.  Please contact Dr. Catherine Pringle at cpringle@uga.edu if you would like further information
about this opportunity.

Please send a cover letter stating your research accomplishments and interests, a curriculum vitae, representative publications, and three letters of recommendation by mail or email to: Catherine Pringle, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA ( cpringle@uga.edu ) *Please Note: The Project has been recommended for funding - but is not yet funded - as of the posting of this advertisement (8/14/06). We anticipate hearing the final word in the next two weeks.

------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 15 Aug 2006 12:38:09 -0400
From:    =?windows-1252?Q?Shawn_Liston? = < sliston@AUDUBON.ORG >
Subject: Field Technician Position - Everglades restoration

See announcement:
http://www.audubon.org/nas/hr /job/field_tech_BigCypress-FL .html

______________________________ ______________________________ _______
Position Title: Field Technician
Location: Big Cypress National Preserve, Tavernier, and Everglades National Park Department: Big Cypress
Immediate Supervisor: Dr. Jerry Lorenz


Purpose of the position
To assist the Project Coordinator in all field and office activities associated with the projects entitled “Development and Testing of Protocols for Sampling Fishes in Forested Wetlands in Southern Florida” and “Big Cypress and Mangrove Forest Food Web Diagnosis”

Primary Duties Essential Functions: The job requires a knowledge of wetland ecosystems and experience with identifying fish species.  A firm understanding and respect of the scientific method is paramount.  Physical abilities including tolerance for and ability to work diligently in harsh field conditions (Florida sun, heat, biting insects, and wading in water/mud), with the recognition, understanding, and willingness to deal with the possibility of swimming or wading in murky water that serves as the home for potentially dangerous wildlife such as alligators and poisonous snakes.  Applicants are expected to assist in the identification, preservation and cataloging of fish collections.  Field experience in Big Cypress, Everglades, and or mangrove wetlands is highly desirable.  Computer experience and familiarity with spreadsheet and database programs is required.  Collection and Processing fish samples  and entering this information into appropriate databases will be a significant part of the job.  Experience in maintaining and repairing mechanical equipment (boats, trucks, etc.) is highly desirable.

Additional Functions: Participate in the processing of data associated with the writing of the final report to NPS.

Relationships Internal:
Close relationship with the Project Coordinator at Big Cypress, with the research director of the Tavernier Science Center (Jerry Lorenz Co primary investigator) and possibly Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Staff.


External:
Job position is [physically located at the Big Cypress National Preserve Headquarters in Ochopee, FL (30 miles east of Naples).  As a result, applicant will be expected to work with NPS personnel and contractors on a daily basis.  The project is also funded through USGS-Biological Resources Division and will require a solid working relationship with Dr. William F. Loftus, who is a co-primary investigator on this project.


Equipment (e.g., computer, typewriter, calculator, copy machines, telephone, etc.) Computer, hydrologic monitoring equipment, airboat, boat and vehicle operation, all standard office equipment, workshop tools (wrenches, screwdrivers, drills, saws, etc), NPS certified to fly in fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.


Qualifications (e.g., education, training, experience, licenses and skills) Experience in collecting fishes in wetland habitats is required while a familiarity with southern Florida wetlands is highly desirable.  At minimum, applicant must have a BS in biology or related discipline, but this may be waived if applicant has sufficient experience in field collections and database management.


Physical and Mental Requirements As stated above, this job requires outdoor physical labor in sub-tropical wetland environments.  As an example, typical field work will consist of boating to remote cypress ponds, performing surveys requiring wading in thigh deep mud in the presence of numerous mosquitoes, and enduring sub- tropical temperatures and humidity while collecting fishes and taking competent notes on the biota of the pond.

Salary
Commensurate with experience. Please include your salary requirement in your letter. Competitive benefits package.

Mission Statement
The National Audubon Society's mission is to conserve and restore natural ecosystems, focusing on birds, other wildlife, and their habitats for the benefit of humanity and the Earth's biological diversity.

Audubon promotes a diverse workplace and is an equal opportunity employer. It is the policy of the National Audubon Society to employ the man or woman best qualified for the job regardless of race, color, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, disability (handicap) or marital status.

------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------
Please send résumé and cover letter to: HumanResources@audubon.org .

No phone calls please.
------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------
National Audubon Society is an Equal Opportunity Employer M/F/D/V.
Minorities are encouraged to apply.
------------------------------

Date:    Tue, 15 Aug 2006 11:16:54 -0700
From:    Kerry Byrne < kmbyrne@UCDAVIS-ALUMNI.COM >
Subject: Potential research projects for high school students

Hello,

I was wondering if anyone has worked with high school students on forest research projects.  Foresthill high school near Auburn, California (Sierra Nevada foothills) has a large area of secondary growth forests next to the school.  I would like to work with the students on both short and long term projects with little technical equipment.

I would appreciate any ideas.

Regards,

Kerry Byrne
kmbyrne@ucdavis-alumni.com <mailto: kmbyrne@ucdavis-alumni.com >

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Date:    Tue, 15 Aug 2006 15:20:42 -0400
From:    Ed Laurent < spatial.list@GMAIL.COM >
Subject: Post Doc - NCSU - Conservation Planning

Post Doctoral Research – Conservation Planning Advancing GAP Data and Applications North Carolina State University, Department of Zoology
Contacts: Alexa McKerrow alexa_mckerrow@ncsu.edu ,   Dr. Jaime A. Collazo jaime_collazo@ncsu.edu

The Biodiversity and Spatial Information Centerhttp://www.basic.ncsu.edu at North Carolina State University seeks an exceptional postdoctoral associate to help integrate Eastern Gap Analysis Project data with ongoing conservation planning activities. The Eastern Gap Analysis Project ( http://gap.analysis.nbii.gov/ ) is a USGS-BRD funded project to develop region-wide datasets including detailed vegetative cover and predictions of vertebrate species distributions for use in analyzing biodiversity patterns and protection status.

Description
The successful applicant will work with Dr. Jaime Collazo and the Eastern GAP research team to develop methods for assessing the conservation status of plant communities and terrestrial vertebrate species. In addition this person will be responsible for working with partner agencies to identify methods for integrating GAP data with a variety of conservation planning efforts, including but not limited to state Wildlife Action Plans, USFWS Habitat Conservation Plans, eco-regional and watershed planning efforts. The study area includes the Southeastern U.S., including a nine-state area from Virginia and Kentucky south to Mississippi and Florida.

Qualifications
1.      Ph.D. in a natural resource field.
2.      Experience in conservation planning.
3.      Use of Geographic Information Systems software in natural resource applications.
4.      Working knowledge of the ecology of the southeastern United States.
5.      Excellent verbal and written communication skills to facilitate a collaborative research environment. The successful candidate will need to seek input from members of federal and state agencies (e.g., USGS, USFWS, NC Wildlife Resources Commission) as well as private partners (e.g., NatureServe, Audubon, land trusts, timber companies).

Benefits
The salary starts at $37,800 with the potential for a 5% annual increase. This is a one-year time- limited appointment with potential for extension based on the scope of the applicant's interests and contingent on funding.  The full benefits including health care, leave, and access to a variety of campus resources are described completely in the Benefits Handbook (http://www7.acs.ncsu.edu /benefits/pdf/Post-Doc_Benefit s_Booklet.pdf ).  The job announcement will soon be available on the official NCSU jobs website ( https://jobs.ncsu.edu )

If interested, please email a CV, unofficial transcripts, statement of research interests and experience, and names and contact information for three references to Alexa McKerrow ( alexa_mckerrow@ncsu.edu ) or Dr. Jaime Collazo ( jaime_collazo@ncsu.edu ).

North Carolina State is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer. NC State welcomes all persons without regard to sexual orientation. Persons with disabilities who desire accommodations in the application process should contact Susan Marschalk, Department of Zoology, via telephone at 919-515-2741 or via e-mail atsusan_marschalk@ncsu.edu .
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Date:    Tue, 15 Aug 2006 16:01:24 -0400
From:    Ed Laurent < spatial.list@GMAIL.COM >
Subject: Doctoral Research Asst - NCSU - Advancing GAP

Doctoral Research Assistantship Advancing GAP Data and Applications North Carolina State University, Department of Zoology Contacts: Dr. Ed Laurent ( Ed_Laurent@ncsu.edu ),  Dr. Jaime A. Collazo ( Jaime_Collazo@ncsu.edu )

The Biodiversity and Spatial Information Centerhttp://www.basic.ncsu.edu at North Carolina State University seeks a creative and driven doctoral student to support the enhancement of Gap Analysis Program data ( http://gapanalysis.nbii.gov/ ) for greater accuracy and information content.

Description
The successful applicant will work under the direction of Drs. Jaime Collazo and Ed Laurent, in collaboration with the Eastern GAP research team, to evaluate and validate new approaches for mapping wildlife habitat suitability and population potentials. A description of current activities can be seen athttp://www.basic.ncsu.edu /segap/AvianModel.html . We seek a student who can use this foundation to hone experimental, modeling and GIS skills within the context of partner conservation objectives.

Starting date
It is desired that the successful applicant begins coursework in Spring of 2007 (January) because a special course on Hierarchical Species-habitat Analysis will be offered. However, exceptional candidates will also be considered for Summer or Fall 2007.

Qualifications
1.      Eligible for graduate study in the Departments of Zoology or Forestry at North Carolina State University prior to starting. Seehttp://www.cals.ncsu.edu /zoology/stuinfo.html orhttp://www.cnr.ncsu.edu/for /courses/graduate.html for more information.
2.      GIS or remote sensing experience and a valid driver's license are required.
3.      Field experience, especially with birds, in the Southeastern United States is desired.
4.      Excellent verbal and written communication skills to facilitate a collaborative research environment. The successful candidate will need to seek input from members of federal and state agencies (e.g., USGS, USFWS, NC Wildlife Resources Commission) as well as private partners (e.g., NatureServe, Audubon, land trusts, timber companies).
5.      Preference will be given to applicants with coursework or experience in habitat modeling, population modeling, and/or the use of GIS for natural resource applications.

Benefits
The 12-month stipend level is $19,000/year with the potential for up to 5% annual increases. The position includes a tuition waiver and health care benefits. The student will have access to strong behavioral and statistical interdisciplinary programs associated with the Department of Zoology as well as interdepartmental GIS and remote sensing partnerships at North Carolina State University (e.g., forestry, soil science, and Center for Earth Observation). A graduate minor in remote sensing is also available ( http://www.gis.ncsu.edu/gis /curric/gm_ersia.htm ).

If interested, please email a CV (including GRE scores), unofficial transcripts, statement of research interests and experience, and names and contact information for three references to Dr. Jaime A. CollazoJaime_Collazo@ncsu.edu or Ed Laurent Ed_Laurent@ncsu.edu . Please note: Statements of interest and experience will be evaluated for relevance and communication skills.


Subject: Re: Tenure-track Asst. Professor in Plant Ecology

Assistant Professor of Plant Ecology.  Tenure-track position in the Biology Department, Eastern Connecticut State University, starting Fall 2007. Ph.D., expertise in plant ecology and field research experience required. Applicants must demonstrate an aptitude for teaching undergraduates. Post-doctoral experience an advantage and competency in relevant computer technologies expected.  Teach introductory and upper-level courses including field work in plant ecology, introductory ecology, and develop a course(s) for inclusion  in the University¹s liberal arts core curriculum.  An opportunity to participate in the Department¹s tropical biology field courses is available. Additional duties include academic advisement, continued professional development, and scholarly activity. Send CV, transcript of all graduate work, a statement of teaching philosophy and research interest, documentation of teaching ability and three current letters of recommendation to Dr. Ross Koning, Biology Department, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT 06226. Koning@easternct.edu   (860) 465-5327 Search will continue until position is filled. ECSU is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.

Dr. Carmen R. Cid
Dean - School of Arts and Sciences
Eastern Connecticut State University
Willimantic, CT 06226
(860) 465-5295
FAX (860) 465-4575

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Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 10:01:17 -0500
From:    Warren Conway < wconway@SFASU.EDU >
Subject: MS Graduate Assistantship_Wild Turkeys

M.S. Graduate Research Assistantship on Eastern Wild Turkey Breeding Ecology

Position Description: Through a collaborative effort among the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Stephen F. Austin State University, and Texas A&M University, we are seeking a Master's student to perform a research project on Eastern wild turkey breeding ecology in East Texas.  Specifically, through collaboration with other graduate students, the successful candidate will examine breeding ecology of wild turkeys; examining nest site selection, nest success, and poult survival, among others on public and private lands in East Texas. Successful candidate will be involved in capturing, handling, marking, and radio-locating hens and poults during this study.

Qualifications:
B.S. in Wildlife Science/Management, Ecology, Biology, Zoology or closely related field.  A strong work ethic, leadership, and ability to work both independently and as a key element of an interdisciplinary research team required.  Good organizational, verbal and written communication skills essential.  Research interest/experience with upland gamebirds, geospatial techniques, wildlife ecology, behavior, and/or physiology preferred, but not required.  Must have valid driver's license        Minimum 3.00 G.P.A. and 900 GRE scores.

Stipend/Salary:
Approximately $15,000 / year for a 12 month assistantship (includes insurance), for 3 years.  Nonresident tuition waived, but resident tuition fees apply.

Start between 1 September 2006 and 1 January 2007 Application Period:  1 August 2006 until suitable candidate is found.

To Apply:
Either via email or regular mail, send application, including cover letter stating research interests and career goals; resume/CV, copies of transcripts and GRE scores, reprints, and 3 letters of reference (may be mailed separately) to:

Dr. Warren C. Conway
Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture
Stephen F. Austin State University
Nacogdoches, Texas  75962-6109
Email:   wconway@sfasu.edu
Phone:  936-468-2090

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Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 14:34:27 -0400
From:    =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Paul_Leberg?= < pll6743@LOUISIANA.EDU >
Subject: Doctoral Fellowship in Ecology or  Evolution

Doctoral Fellowship starting in January 2007

The University of Louisiana will be awarding a doctoral fellowship providing 26 months of non-teaching support to a student entering the doctoral program in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology in January 2007.  The fellowship will provide an annual stipend of $18,000 along with a waiver of tuition and most fees.  Support as a teaching or research assistant will be provided after the fellowship expires.  To be eligible the applicant must be a US
citizen with a strong academic record.  Rather than replying to this message, applicants are strongly encouraged to directly contact prospective advisors.  Links to the research interests of individual faculty and adjunct faculty, as well as contact information, can be found at our web sites.  For more information about the biology graduate program visithttp://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/ ~pll6743/biogradstudies.htm . The Department of Biology has approximately 25 faculty members and 65 graduate students ( http://biology.louisiana.edu/ ).  Areas of strength include ecology, conservation biology, evolution, and marine/coastal biology.

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Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 15:08:36 -0500
From:    John Blair < jblair@KSU.EDU >
Subject: Faculty Position: Plant Physiological Ecologist

Plant Physiological Ecologist - Kansas State University

The Division of Biology at Kansas State University invites applications for a tenure-track faculty position in Plant Physiological Ecology at the level of Assistant or Associate Professor, depending on qualifications and experience, to begin in the 2007 academic year.  We seek candidates with interests and expertise in physiological ecology at scales that span individual plants to ecosystems, and that complement well-established and diverse programs in ecology and plant biology, including a highly productive, internationally recognized grassland ecology research program.  Ideally, the candidate will conduct research in plant ecophysiology on topics such as whole plant responses to dynamic and changing environmental drivers, soil-plant water and nutrient interactions, the role of ecophysiological processes at the ecosystem and landscape scales, responses of ecosystems to global change phenomena (climate change, elevated CO2, nutrient enrichment, land cover change) or other topics relevant to grassland ecosystems. Opportunities exist to join interdisciplinary research teams where the candidate's knowledge in plant ecophysiology will complement ongoing efforts in plant population and community ecology, ecosystem ecology, climatology, and remote sensing. The successful candidate is expected to develop an independent extramurally-funded research program in his/her area of expertise, to take an active role in the Konza Prairie Long-Term Ecological Research program ( www.konza.ksu.edu ) and other regional ecological efforts, and to participate in graduate and undergraduate instruction ( www.ksu.edu/biology ).  Minimum requirements for appointment at the Assistant Professor rank include a Ph.D. degree and post-doctoral experience. Minimum requirements at the Associate Professor rank include a Ph.D. degree and post-doctoral experience, plus an independent, nationally recognized research program, demonstrated excellence in teaching, and evidence of participation in interdisciplinary research activities.  The successful candidate, at either rank, should
demonstrate a strong commitment to excellence in research, teaching, mentoring of students and to serving a diverse population.

The Division of Biology is a large and diverse academic unit with an excellent record of research and teaching.  Extramural research funding in the Division averages approximately $10M per year, supporting a broad research program that includes a large number of faculty scientists with research interests in ecology.  The Konza Prairie Biological Station, a 3,487 ha tallgrass prairie research site located 10 km from the university, is the focus of much of this research ( www.ksu.edu/konza ).  Research on Konza Prairie is supported by the NSF LTER program and a variety of other sources, totaling over $3.4M per year.

Kansas State University is located in the city of Manhattan ( www.ci.manhattan.ks.us ), a pleasant community of about 50,000 located in the scenic Flint Hills of northeastern Kansas, about 2 hours from Kansas City.  Local recreational opportunities include a large lake/park system, diverse outdoor activities, and a rich program in the performing arts.  Manhattan also serves as the regional center for education, health care, commerce, entertainment and communications.

Inquiries should be directed to Dr. David Hartnett ( dchart@ksu.edu ). Applicants should submit a cover letter, a curriculum vitae and brief description of research and teaching interests, representative reprints, and have three letters of reference sent to:  Chair; Physiological Ecologist Search Committee; Division of Biology; 116 Ackert Hall; Kansas State University; Manhattan, KS 66506-4901.  Review of applications will begin September 29, 2006, and continue until the position is filled.  KSU is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer, and actively seeks diversity among its employees.

------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 12:24:12 -0700
From:    DNRRecruiting DNRRecruiting < DNRRecruiting@WADNR.GOV >
Subject: New DNR Job Opportunities

The following are new opportunities that opened this week.  For details on these and other ongoing recruitment activities please visit the Employment page on DNR's Internet site:   http://www.dnr.wa.gov/jobs/

Natural Resource Tech 2
Recruitment #2006-08-NRT2
Sedro Woolley, WA
Closes:  August 16

Land Surveyor 3
Recruitment #2006-08-6863
Olympia, WA
Closes: August 23

Aquatic Ecologist
Recruitment #2006-07-4681
Olympia, WA
Closes:  August 25

Systems Analyst
Recruitment #2006-08-5534
Olympia ,WA
Closes: Open until filled
First screening on August 14

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Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 17:29:25 -0400
From:    =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Peter_Adler?= < peter.adler@USU.EDU >
Subject: Research technician in plant ecology, Utah State Univ.

We are hiring a technician to assist in NSF funded research on the effects of climate variability and climate change on plant population and community dynamics. Primary responsibility (60%) will be supervising digitization of historical, mapped datasets. Specifically, the technician will be in charge of (1) hiring and training undergraduates in GIS digitizing techniques, and (2) data quality control. Other responsibilities (40%) will include data analysis, field work in Utah, Idaho, and Kansas, and sample processing in the lab. The position is temporary, up to two years, and will pay $22,000 to $25,000 / year (hourly, no benefits).

The most important qualifications are the ability to work independently, previous research experience, and an interest in both field work and data analysis. Experience with GIS and computer programming is preferred but not required. To apply, please email a CV and contact information for three references to Peter Adler ( peter.adler@usu.edu ).

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Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 17:32:36 -0400
From:    =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Peter_Adler?= < peter.adler@USU.EDU >
Subject: Graduate research assistants in plant ecology, Utah State Univ.

I am currently recruiting students interested in pursuing a Masters or PhD in plant ecology. My research focuses on 1) the influence of climate variability on plant population and community dynamics, and 2) plant-animal interactions, especially in arid and semiarid ecosystems (seehttp://www.cnr.usu.edu/faculty /adler/ ). Students would have the freedom to develop their own research projects related to these areas, relying on either field work, analysis and modeling of existing data, but preferably both. PhD applicants should plan on pursuing independent funding to complement the full stipend and research costs that I will support.

Utah State is a wonderful place for graduate work thanks to its proximity to desert, steppe, and montane habitats, the large graduate program, a low cost
of living, and quick access to world class outdoor recreation. Students working with me can earn degrees through the Dept. of Wildland Resources ( http://www.cnr.usu.edu/ ) or the Ecology Center ( http://www.usu.edu/ecology/ ). Minimum requirements for entry into USU's Graduate Program are a cumulative 3.0 GPA, and 1100 combined GRE scores. Most successful applicants greatly exceed these minimums. All interested candidates must apply to both USU's School of Graduate Studies ( http://www.usu.edu/gradsch ), and the S.J. & Jessie E. Quinney Ph.D. Fellowships Program ( http://www.cnr.usu.edu ).

To apply, please email a CV (including GRE scores), a one-page statement of research interests and ideas, and contact information for three references to:

Peter Adler
Dept. Wildland Resources
5230 Old Main Hill
Utah State University
Logan, UT 84322
peter.adler@usu.edu
------------------------------

Date:    Wed, 9 Aug 2006 17:01:14 -0700
From:    Susan Kephart < skephart@WILLAMETTE.EDU >
Subject: New Tenure Track Position-Oregon

Greetings to all:

We have a new position open to begin August 2007, ideally with an animal and molecular evolutionary ecology emphasis.

Animal Evolutionary Ecologist/Assistant Professor

The Department of Biology at Willamette University invites applications for a tenure-track position at the level of assistant professor for an Evolutionary Ecologist to begin August 2007. Proficiency with molecular techniques is required. Preference will be given to candidates who research whole animal level questions and whose interests complement our existing field-based strengths. Specific areas of interest include, but are not limited to comparative morphology, population genetics, adaptation, speciation, and the evolution of species interactions. The successful applicant will be expected to develop an externally funded research program that involves undergraduates.  Teaching duties include introductory biology, an intermediate course in Evolution, and a research methods course including molecular techniques and/or strong computational skills.  Candidates must have a PhD, postdoctoral training, a record of peer-reviewed publication and scholarly accomplishments commensurate with experience.  Applicants should submit a letter of application, curriculum vitae, a concise description of research and teaching interests, and three letters of reference to Barbara Stebbins-Boaz, PhD, Chair, Department of Biology, Willamette University, 900 State St., Salem, OR 97301. Applications should be received by October 13, 2006. Please visit our website for more information at http://www.willamette.edu/ . Willamette University maintains a strong institutional commitment to diversity & strives to
recruit & retain candidates from communities of color & ethnic groups.


Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, is a liberal arts community that values excellence in teaching and scholarship, and strong interdisciplinary interactions. Salem is the state capitol and is a short distance from the coast, the mountains, and metropolitan areas of Portland, Corvallis,, Eugene.  Biology is housed in a spacious Olin science complex equipped with modern facilities for conducting effective programs in ecology and evolutionary biology at the molecular and organismal levels.  The building includes a scanning electron microscope, animal care room, botanical garden, and greenhouse. Many field sites are accessible nearby.


Subject: Report Back on SSI Accomplishments

Report Back on SSI Accomplishments

This spring and summer has been an exciting and active time for Sound Science Initiative members. SSI members have lent their voices and expertise to a wide variety of topics from the Endangered Species Act to protecting the Great Lakes Region's ecosystems to bringing Congress closer to making deep reductions in our heat-trapping gas emissions. Below are highlights of the past few months. Thank you to everyone who participated in bringing scientist voices to the public and policy makers.

** Congressional Climate Bills
** Biologists' Letter on the Endangered Species Act
** Polar Bear Comment period
** Great Lakes Sign-on Statement
** American Geophysical Union Event
** Northeast Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative

Best,
Jean Sideris
Outreach Assistant
Global Environment Program
Union of Concerned Scientists
Cambridge, MA
http://ucsaction.org/ct /F1Ly4is1xm7f/

** Congressional Climate Bills
Two bills were introduced into Congress this summer that call for the deep reductions needed to avoid the most devastating effects of climate change. This recent wave of climate legislation represents a dramatic and encouraging shift in Congress' understanding of the urgency of reducing our emissions
and the need for deep reductions. The two bills introduced by Representative Henry Waxman (D-CA) and Senators Jim Jeffords (I-VT) and Barbara Boxer (D-CA) call for 80 percent reductions below 1990 levels by 2050. In addition, Senator John Kerry (D-MA) announced a proposal to reduce emission by 65 percent below 2000 levels by 2050.

Although it is unlikely the bills will move this year, we are working to build co-sponsorship and expect to push for action next year. These bills provide a platform from which to educate members of Congress on the need to take strong and urgent action to make these deep reductions.

** Biologists' Letter on the Endangered Species Act Nearly 6,000 scientists with biological expertise, representing every state in the nation, came together on the Letter to the US Senate from Biologists Concerning Science in the Endangered Species Act. The letter highlights the importance of independent scientific principles that are critical to species conservation. The letter, with the full complement of signatures and many with a personal cover note, was hand-delivered to each senate office on March 8, 2006. In addition, several scientists personally delivered the letter and met with their senators and staff to discuss the importance of science and scientists to the Endangered Species Act. For complete coverage and a list of
signatures visithttp://ucsaction.org/ct /GdLy4is1xm7X/

The sign-on letter originated in discussions among a small group of scientists, who agreed on the main concepts and drafted the letter text. The Union of Concerned Scientists played a coordinating role in collecting signatures and producing the letter for presentation to the Senate, in collaboration with Earthjustice and the National Wildlife Federation.

It now seems unlikely that any overt action to weaken the scientific underpinnings of the ESA will be attempted before Congress recesses before the November elections. Several senate offices commented that the letter from biologists was a much-need and influential counterweight to comments from industry and others that urged changes to the way science and scientists are used under the Act. UCS will continue to monitor this precarious situation.

** Polar Bear Comment period
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) sought comment on a petition to list the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in February, 2006. The comment period, which ended June 16, drew in about 140,000 submissions. The FWS petition was initiated by the submission of a petition to list the polar bear under the Endangered Species Act by conservation groups. After the first review of the submitted petition, the FWS found that the listing of the polar bear "may be warranted." This determination launched the 60-day public comment period

At the end of this comment period and status review, the government will determine if listing polar bears as threatened or endangered is "warranted." This finding will likely be made at end of 2006. If the finding is "warranted," FWS will issue a proposed rule, and again solicit public comment and peer review. The FWS will then issue a final listing determination within one year of the proposed rule. Any "not warranted" finding would end the listing process unless successfully challenged in court. Polar bears will not receive any regulatory protection under the Endangered Species Act until the listing process is complete.

** Great Lakes Sign-on Statement
SSI members helped boost the number of signatures on a white paper calling for protection of the Great Lakes region. A community of Great Lakes scientists collaborated on"Prescription for Great Lakes Ecosystem Protection and Restoration (Avoiding the Tipping Point of Irreversible Changes)". The authors gathered the signatures of a number of prominent endorsers from the United States and Canada. The paper was then widely circulated for signatures from experts throughout the country. After the SSI alert was sent, the number of expert signers jumped from about 70 to over 200. One of the
paper's chief authors testified on the key findings in the House of Representatives in late June.

** American Geophysical Union Event In May, SSI sponsored a dinner reception and workshop which focused on tips for an effective meeting with your legislator. The reception took place in Baltimore, MD during the American Geophysical Union's bi-annual meeting. About 15 SSI members and others new to UCS attended the workshop, which included presentations on Framing the Global Warming Problem and Solutions and Educating Decision Makers: Tips for an Effective Lobby Meeting, and a question and answer period. Several attendees set up meetings with their senators and
representatives while in the area for the AGU meeting and were able to implement what they learned first-hand.

** Northeast Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the first in the nation plan for mandatory emissions reductions, has reached a key milestone on the road to implementation. Yesterday, eight northeastern states released the "model rule," a regulation that proposes in detail how the states should limit CO2 emissions from power plants. The model rule in draft form was made available for public comment in the spring, and the now final rule includes some important improvements based on comments from the public.

Each state (Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York and Vermont) must now set up its own law for implementing the required emissions reductions. Depending on the state, the rule might be approved through administrative rulemaking, through legislation, or by some combination of the two. The model rule left many important issues to be resolved by the states, so UCS and our allies will work to ensure that RGGI actually achieves CO2 reductions. RGGI is an important component of the effort to avoid the most dangerous consequences of a changing climate. Since the RGGI agreement pertains only to the northeast region, however, UCS will also work to leverage this historic pact into strong
federal action that will reduce our national heat-trapping emissions.

NASA Satellite Positioning Software May Aid in Tsunami Warnings
http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2006/jun/HQ_06251_Tsunami_early_warning_prt.htm

India to launch Cartosat-2
http://www.telecomasia.net/article.php?id_article=830

WorldView 1 sensor delivered to DigitalGlobe
http://media.digitalglobe.com/index.php?s=press_release_popup&item=112

Pictometry and Intergraph form marketing alliance
http://www.intergraph.com/press/release/2006/8344.asp

July 7-8, 2006, New Delhi

International Conference:

STRIKING THE RIGHT BALANCE

Law And Sustainable Development In India's Energy Economy

“Role Of Judiciary In Striking The Right Balance: Evolving Paradigms of Jurisprudence”
Speech of Hon'ble Justice Y. K. Sabhanval,
Chief Justice of India

India has come a long way after Independence. A country that was regarded as an undeveloped primitive State, teeming with millions below poverty line suffering from wants of basic amenities, with no future, is now a vibrant economy on the threshold of joining developed nations on the high table. The rowth of India's economy, assessed at ten per cent a year in recent times, is undoubtedly a matter of great satisfaction and pride. It has to be regarded as the product of not merely government efforts but that of coordination between all stakeholders including and, in particular, the industry. India has seen tremendous progress in economy on account of giant strides taken in the fields of health-care, education and development of a large work-force of professionals which today is ready to compete with the best anywhere in the world. Yet, the development has not been uniform across the board. Certain sections of the society still remain deprived, downtrodden or under privileged. Some regions of the country continue to be neglected on account of non-provision of basic infrastructure facilities like road, transportation, water or electricity and consequently suffer from deprivation of optimum opportunities for economic growth. & development. The inequities or inequalities arising as a result of such skewed development create a hiatus between different sections of Indian society on the one hand and between different regions on the other, giving rise to discontentment in the present and apprehensions about the future. From this perspective, the propriety and validity of State policies remain the constant concern of the judicial wing. While guaranteeing certain fundamental rights which have been ordinarily insulated from intrusion or abrogation by the State, under the vigil provided by the Judiciary, our founding fathers also proceeded to give a definitive direction by laying down in the Constitution certain Directive Principles, the prime object of which avowedly has been "to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may" a social order in which justice, social, economic and political, shall inform all the institutions of national life; imploring the State to "strive to minimize the inequalities", not merely amongst individuals but amongst "groups of people residing in different areas or engaged in different vocations". Commanding the State to direct its policy
towards securing distribution of the ownership and control of the material resources of the community "as best to subserve the common good" and to provide "conditions of freedom and dignity" so as to facilitate healthy development and growth of each individual.

The process of development invariably involves exploitation of natural resources and consequently makes an impact on the ecology and environment. The growth of economy in all its sphere, in general, and in industrial efforts, in particular, necessarily leads to tapping of the natural wealth which, in turn, more often than not, gives rise to not mere economic issues but issues concerning environmental security not only at the local or the regional level but, more importantly, at the global level. .

The growth & development of industrial activity has always been dependant upon the availability of sources of energy.It is elementary that you cannot run machines unless you also provide power to make them run. Similarly, industrial activity cannot be an effective effort unless you provide proper infrastructure for transportation of raw material and finished goods. You cannot have an efficient system of transportation of men & materials unless you also provide the requisite fuel for running the motor vehicles. India, with its large reserves of mineral wealth, has traditionally depended upon coal or oil as the sources of energy. Undoubtedly, thermal power stations have also been supplemented by the power produced through hydro-electric projects but such projects have, almost always, brought along social, economic or environmental issues. Coal, oil or natural gases together represent the fossil fuel category, the resources of which are not only limited and consequently non- renewable but also are the chief cause of pollution of air, water and land. On the other hand, the hydroelectric projects have been perceived as development achieved at unconscionably great cost to humanity resultantly displaced from its natural or traditional habitat, adding the responsibility of their rehabilitation onto the State and causing havoc with ecology on account of deforestation leading to climatic changes or loss of bio-diversity with such fall- outs as desertification, soil leaching, flash floods etc.

With growth in economy and population, demands for energy in India have also risen geometrically over the years, even while the present power-generation capacity lags behind. The rapid urbanization and growth of industrial activity have given impetus to augmentation of transportation systems and infrastructure development like housing etc. The rate of swell in energy consumption just in the last over twenty years or so has been quantified as over two hundred per cent. This boost is likely to take quantum jump in the present decade itself. There cannot be a better illustration of gap between demand & supply than that of energy sector in India. There cannot, therefore, be two views about the fact that if India is to attain its rightful place in the comity of self-sufficient & responsible nations; if India is to make real the promises of optimum growth and self- reliance; and, if India is not to be rendered vulnerable from the point of view of energy security, it has to take requisite immediate steps for adding to its power economy.

Energy is vital for economic & social development. But, in the efforts to enhance our energy production capacities India would rather conduct itself as a responsible State. This is where our obligation to sustainable development enters the picture.

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), one of the most important instruments in International Law, declared in Article 1 that "(A) 11 peoples have the right of self-determination" and by virtue of that right, they are entitled to "freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development". It further made it clear that all peoples may, for their own ends, "freely dispose of their natural wealth and
resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic co-operation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law".

India's commitment to the concept of sustainable development, in contrast, is a part of the vision reflected by our Constitution makers in various provisions of the Indian Constitution.

The concept of sustainable development has over the years become multi-dimensional, in that it encompasses within itself the concerns of economic growth, social & cultural growth, scientific growth and above all environmental protection. In its nascent form, Stockholm Declaration on the Human Environment of 1972, the First Principle proclaimed a common conviction of States that man bears a "solemn responsibility to protect and improve the environment for present and future generations". The Fifth Principle of the said Declaration contemplated employment of non-renewable resources in such a manner as to guard against the danger of their future exhaustion and ensure that benefits thereof are shared by all mankind. It is inherent in this Principle that all the States are expected to adopt an integrated and coordinated approach to the development planning so as to ensure that development is compatible with the need to protect & improve the environment.

The Nairobi Declaration of 1982 recognized the aggravation of threat to the environment by the poverty & wasteful consumption patterns, which are likely to result in over-exploitation of environment. It envisaged creation of a special Commission to frame long term environmental strategies.

The World Charter for Nature of 1982 made a strong appeal for utilization of ecosystems, organisms and other such resources so as to manage to “achieve and maintain optimum sustainable productivity” but not so as to "endanger the integrity of the ecosystems" with which they co-exist. It rendered taboo the utilization of non- renewable resources in excess of their natural capacity for regeneration, and thus commended exploitation of nature's bounties“with restraint”.

The U.N. Conference on Environment and Development held in 1989 affirmed that the protection & enhancement of the environment are major issues that affect the "well being" of people and economic development throughout the world.

The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development of 1992 reaffirmed the Stockholm Declaration and proclaimed through its Fourth Principle that "environmental protection shall constitute an integral part of the development process" and would not be considered in isolation from it, so that the goal of sustainable development is achieved. For this, it recommended that the States shall "reduce and eliminate unsustainable patterns of production and consumption" and, therefore, required that "Environmental Impact Assessment" shall be undertaken as a national instrument for proposed activities that are likely to have a significant adverse impact on the environment.

UN Commission on sustainable Development set up by UNESCO in 1993, under Article 68 of the UN Charter, is aimed at enhancing the International cooperation and for rationalizing the “inter- governmental decision making capacity for the integration of environment and development issues”.

The Kyoto Environmental Summit on Global Warming reviewed, in 1997, the progress made and, while chalking out plans for environmental protection in the future, decided upon reduction by eight per cent in the degree of emissions of the Green House gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane, ozone etc.

The Earth Summit Plus Five, held as a special session of UN General Assembly in June 1997, in furtherance of Rio Conference Declaration of 1992, adopted a programme of action for the protection of environment and for meeting the needs of the present as well as the future generations. This was followed by Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development in 2002 which reaffirmed the International commitment Sustainable Development.

I would like to define the concept of Sustainable Development simply as the process of overall development of the society the momentum of which can be sustained till eternity. In order to ensure this, those engaged in the task of development would naturally guard against such exploitation of resources as leads to their permanent destruction.

The concept of Sustainable Development attempts to balance the scale between the quantity of development and quality of environment, the effort being to ensure that the development does not disturb the delicate equilibrium. It thus deals with two types of equity; first, the equity for human generations yet to come, whose interests are not represented by standard economic analysis or by market forces that discount the future, and second, the equity for people living now who do not have equal access to natural resources. The conflict between the two kinds of equities has given. rise to International treaty
obligations, some of which have been incorporated into municipal law and by most of which India feels itself bound to abide.

International environmental law has been heavily influenced by considerations relating to the protection of the rights of future generations. Over the years, there has been a paradigm shift from rights-based approach to concentration on duties, standards and enforcements. It now seems to be universally accepted that pollution need not always be the inevitable consequence of industrial activity or, of activity involving use of natural resources. Courts in various jurisdictions have shown increased inclination to lean in favour of the right of the society as a whole against the adverse impact on environment when it comes in conflict with economic well-being of an individual or the State. The case of Lopez Ostra v. Spain, decided by European Court of Human Rights in 1994, examined the dispute on the touchstone of positive duty on the part of the State to take reasonable and appropriate measures to secure the rights of an individual against environmental pollution as a result of interference by the public authorities and held the latter responsible for the failure in striking a fair balance. Various decisions of the Courts in USA have shown fervor to examine concerns from the perspective of proportionality, necessity or legitimacy of the purpose.

In 1996, the International Court of Justice in its Advisory Opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons recognized the principle of State responsibility for environment damage, treating "the general obligation of States to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction and control respect the environment" as"part of the corpus of International Law relating to the environment".

In the case of Gabcikoyo Nagymaros Dam, decided in 1997, the International Court of Justice again laid stress on "the need, to reconcile economic development with protection of the environment" and commanded the States to "respect the environment".

We can proudly proclaim that Judiciary in India has been ahead of the pack having played a pro-active role in the matters involving environment for over two decades now. The Supreme Court has read the right to life enshrined in Article 21 as inclusive of right to clean environment.

In the early days of development of jurisprudence on the subject, in February 1986, the Supreme Court in MC Mehta's case struck the realistic note by opinion to the effect that there was a need to strike a balance between progress & development and hazard or risk to the community. It said that:-

".... .when science and technology are increasingly employed in producing goods and services calculated to improve the quality of life, there is a certain element of hazard or risk inherent in the very use of science and technology and it is not possible to totally eliminate such hazard or risk altogether. We cannot possibly adopt a policy of not having any chemical or other hazardous industries merely because they pose hazard or risk to the community. If such a policy were adopted, it would mean the end of all progress and development. Such industries, even if hazardous, have to be set up since they are essential for economic development and advancement of well-being of the people. We can only hope to reduce the element of hazard or risk to the community by taking all necessary steps for locating such industries in a manner which would pose least risk of danger to the community and maximising safety requirements in such industries. We would therefore like to impress upon the Government of India to evolve a national policy for location of chemical and other hazardous industries in areas where population is scarce and there is little hazard or risk to the community, and when hazardous industries are located in such areas, every care must be taken to see that large ,human habitation does not grow around them. There should preferably be a green belt of 1 to 5 km width around such hazardous industries."

In Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. Union of India [(1996) 3 SCC 212], Supreme Court found "Polluter Pays Principle" to be a sound rule, since it was "simple, practical and suited to the conditions obtaining in this country". It was held that:

“… once the activity carried on is hazardous or inherently dangerous, the person carrying on such activity is liable to make good the loss caused to any other person by his activity irrespective of the fact whether he took reasonable care while carrying on his activity. The rule is premised upon the very nature of the activity carried on”.


In Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India [(1996) 5 SCC 647], the Supreme Court referred to the Brundtland Report and other international documents in addition to Articles 21, 47, 48-A and 51-A (g) of the Constitution of India besides the legislative mandate "to protect and improve the environment" as found in enactments like the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (the Water Act), the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 (the Air Act) and the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (the Environment Act) and held that the "Precautionary Principle" and "Polluter Pays Principle" form "part of the law of the land" and are the essential features of "Sustainable Development". The Court explained that the concept of  "Precautionary Principle" in the context of the municipal law obliged the State to "anticipate, prevent and attack the causes of environmental degradation" and where there are threats of serious and irreversible damage, "lack of scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent environmental degradation", the "onus of proof" always being "on the actor or the developer/industrialist to show that his action is environmentally benign". The "Polluter Pays Principle" was interpreted to mean that"the absolute liability for harm to the environment extends not only to .compensate the victims of pollution but also the cost of restoring the environmental degradation". Remediation of the damaged environment was held to be part of the process of "Sustainable Development" and as such the polluter was found liable to pay the cost to the individual sufferers as well as the cost of reversing the damaged ecology. In developing this jurisprudence, the Supreme Court has applied the doctrine of public trust based on the legal theory of the ancient Roman Empire which renders common natural resources to be properties held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and
unimpeded use of the general public.

The above views were reiterated in a number of cases that. followed including M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath, [(1997) 1 SCC 38.8]; S. Jagannath v. Union of India, [(1997) 2 SCC 87] M.C. Mehta (Taj Trapezium Matter) v. Union of India; [(1997) 2 SCC  353]; M.C. Mehta (Calcutta Tanneries' Matter) v. Union of India, [(1997) 2 SCC 411]; M.C. Mehta (Badkhal and Surajkund Lakes Matter) v. Union of India [(1997) 3 SCC 715]; Bittu Sehgal v. Union of India, [(2001) 9 SCC 181] and M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, [(2002) 4 SCC 356].

In M.C. Mehta v. Union of India [(2002) 4 SCC 356], the Supreme Court found the State responsible on account of "lack of effort on the part of the enforcement agencies, notwithstanding adequate laws being in place"

Virtually leading the International judicial trends on the subject, Indian Judiciary has consistently refused to be the prisoner of the strict jurisdictional rule of "recognized legal interest" by going beyond the traditiona1 concept of locus standi and has encouraged environment issues concerning the community as a who1e to be raised .for judicial redress through the mechanism of public interest litigation. Supreme Court rather gave a clarion call to the other branches of the State to lend a helping hand to the Court to meet the challenge by setting up an Environment Court and making available expert advice on the issues being increasingly raised concerning environmental pollution and ecological destruction having a bearing on the material basis of livelihood of millions of poor people.

While underscoring the fact that in dealing with such litigation the courts "require expertise at a high level of scientific and technical sophistication" and pointing out the fact that "there is at present no independent and competent machinery to generate, gather and make available the necessary scientific and technical information", Government of India was urged upon by the Court "to set up an Ecological Sciences Research Group consisting of independent, professionally competent experts in different branches of science and technology, who would act as an information bank for the court and the government departments". In the wake of increasing institution of cases "involving issues of environmental pollution, ecological destruction and conflicts over natural resources" necessitating"assessment and evolution of scientific and technical data", the Court also mooted the idea of setting up "Environment Courts on the regional basis with one professional Judge and two experts drawn from the Ecological Sciences Research Group", with "a right of appeal" to the Supreme Court.

In India, sustainable development is generally perceived as rooted in the firm realization on the part of the judiciary that the bounties of nature, liable to be tapped for purposes of present needs for development and growth, have to be protected at the same time against permanent damage for the sake of posterity. This is a challenge and yet an opportunity. It requires besides appropriate legislation an effective enforcement and generation of public awareness through various agencies including educational institutions, NGOs and local bodies that can bring about community  participation.

We have plethora of laws governing the subject. What seems to be lacking is, however, proper enforcement of various laws. The responsibility of enforcement of these laws made for the welfare of the future of the community is not that of the State agencies alone. It is here that the community participation becomes important. It is here where the industry, in particular the private sector, has a larger role to play. It is now universally recognized that it is possible to make development and environment protection compatible by following certain sustainable strategies which steadfastly avoid use of such technology, or engagement in such activity, as causes permanent damage to the environment. In evolving sustainable strategies, care is required to be taken to bring about, amongst others, population stabilization, efficient use of natural resources, waste reduction, pollution prevention, integrated environmental systems management, determining environmental limits perception and attitudinal changes at social and cultural levels etc. Since, 'Sustainable Development' would always require integration of social, ecological and economic objectives, each player in the economic activity will have to address himself to the concerns. Industry is one of the most important players in this activity.

Since private sector is a major partner in the development & growth of almost every sector of the economy including energy, organizations like CII (Confederation of Indian Industry) have even a greater role to play, given the fact that their activities involve advisory and consultative processes, in which effort, I suppose they are advised by bodies such as SILF (Society of Indian Law Firms). In this view, I find it appropriate to refer here "to the "Business Charter for Sustainable Development" launched in April 1991 by the ICC (International Chamber of Commerce). The Charter proclaimed three specific aims viz. providing common guidance on environmental management to all types of businesses and enterprises; stimulating companies to commit themselves to continued improvement in their environmental performance; and to demonstrate, amongst others, to Governments, that the business houses take their environmental responsibilities seriously so as to reduce the pressure on the former to over-legislate and to strengthen the voice of the business fraternity in debates on public policy. The Charter dealt with various issues concerning "Sustainable development" including corporate priority for conducting operations in environmentally sound manner; integrated management so as to show concerns about environment in all vocations; continuity of process of improvement by taking into account technical developments so as to apply the environmental criteria with legal regulations as the starting point; to assess environmental impacts in advance of commencement of new projects; to develop, design & operate faculties arid conduct activities taking into consideration the efficient use of energy in materials so as to minimize adverse environmental impact and waste generation; to foster openness to concerns about potential hazards by showing ever-readiness for compliance and audit etc.

The salient features of "Sustainable Development" include the concept of inter-generational equity; responsible use and conservation of natural resources; environmental protection; precautionary principle and the principle of "Polluter Pays" which envisage the obligation to assist and cooperate.

The concept of sustainable development has thus evolved into a legal term that refers to process, principles & objectives as well as to a large body of International Agreements on Environment Economics and Civil & Political Rights. Supreme Court of India in recent years has been adopting a holistic approach towards environmental matters. For this, it would issue detailed orders or directions and appoint committees to monitor the enforcement thereof. It has applied the principle of "Polluter Pays" by interpreting it as the absolute liability for harm to environment extending not only to compensate
the victims of pollution but also the cost of environmental degradation.

The concerns of economic development in a sustainable mode include putting in place regulatory mechanisms. I understand that this conference also intends to take up, for deliberation, the role and impact of regulatory institutions in the overall context of role of law in actualizing national economic potential without sacrificing the future. This aspect is closely linked with the evolution of jurisprudence governing sustainable development. Therefore, before concluding on this subject, I would only say that the basic aim of any regulatory agency is to manage the affairs of a particular focused area of the economy in such a way as to maximize efficiency; Regulatory agencies have been aptly described as the" Fourth Branch of the Government" [Schwartz, B and Wade, H.W.R., Legal Control of Government Administrative Law in Britain and the United States, 1972], in as much as they represent a shift from the traditional notions of separation of power and checks & balances since the authority of legislation, execution and adjudication gets converged.
In India number of regulatory authorities have been set up. What role regulatory authorities are playing, the extent of their independence and other relevant & related issues, I am confident, would be discussed by experts here.

I would say no more and leave the rest for your discussion, wishing all the best for this conference, and you all, a great success in your endeavour with the hope that the deliberations here will go a long way in achieving a right and just balance.


Subject: Timber smuggling continues in Manas www.assamtribune.com
Field day for timber smugglers
By Prabal Kr Das

GUWAHATI, Aug 16 – The Manas National Park stands to lose a precious part of its forest unless better infrastructure and manpower are provided to stop timber smugglers. Entering the park through several points, groups of organised gangs are felling trees at vulnerable places and ferrying them out to nearby trading posts. People from places adjoining the park have raided the forests in search of trees such as bonsum, khokan, sida and titasopa, which fetch good prices in the adjoining districts. In some places in Barpeta district, unauthorized sawmills have cropped up solely to process illegal timber from the park.

Nobody in the Forest Department would be able to quantify the size of the forest wealth that is being lost, which could be interpreted as none being aware of the magnitude of the problem. But, the loss has implications for the fauna of the park as well as for its soil and biotic conditions.

Significantly, the park had lost considerable forest tracts during a period of violence where presence of forest personnel was almost nil. Within a short span of time, timber smugglers destroyed a large number of valuable gameri khair, simul and sishu trees.

Well-placed sources told The Assam Tribune that although illegal felling has come down, it continues in parts of the park's buffer zone. The banks of the
Beki river and the eastern side of the Panbari Range have been particularly vulnerable in recent times.

Another worry for the park's managers have been credible reports that Indian nationals entering Bhutan were responsible for illegal felling of trees inside
the Royal Manas National Park. The Bhutanese authorities have even written to their Indian counterparts referring to the problem.

“One of the major reasons for the failure to alter the present situation is that the park authorities have no jurisdiction over nearby areas where the timber is processed. A hot pursuit of miscreants beyond the park boundaries is simply not possible,” said a senior forest official.

He said that if the illegal trade is to be stopped then a new mechanism would have to be introduced, where the park personnel could patrol and intervene in neighbouring regions.

Forest personnel working in the park acknowledge better patrolling could have halted poachers and timber smugglers, but that would only have been possible through an increase in the staff strength. At the field level Manas National Park suffers from a shortage of about 129 personnel.

More camps and vehicles are the other necessities of the park, which contains a large expanse of inhospitable terrain. However, unlike some other national parks of India, Manas seems to have had a dearth of donors and funding agencies. “It is a surprise considering the fact that Manas enjoys several conservation status like Project Tiger, Biosphere Reserve, Important Bird Area, and Elephant Reserve,” said an official of the park.


Subject: China Denies Plundering World's Rain Forests http://www.planetark.com /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid /37680/story.htm
China Denies Plundering World's Rain Forests
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CHINA: August 16, 2006

BEIJING - China on Tuesday denied accusations of plundering the world's rain forests to meet booming demand for wood.

Environment groups say China is at the heart of a global trade for lumber it sells to markets in the United States and Europe and that much of its plywood exports comes from illegal logging. Domestic demand from a fast-growing economy only adds to the problem, they say.

"As for the question that China's large demand for timber assists illegal logging and smuggling from Asia, this statement has no basis,"State Forestry Administration spokesman Cao Qingyao told a news conference.

"The Chinese government consistently upholds and puts in practice collective international responsibility, opposing and cracking down on illegal logging in illegal wood imports," Cao said. "We have very strict import controls."

Global Witness, a British-based non-governmental organisation, said last year China imported timber from Myanmar alone worth an estimated US$350 million, almost all of it illegal.

But the group conducted an investigation in May that showed Chinese checkpoints had been sealed to log transports from the former Burma, where years of military rule and ethnic unrest in remote mountain areas have lead to widescale forest clearances.

A report issued in March by the Centre for International Forestry Research and other groups found about 70 percent of all timber imported into China, now the largest consumer of wood from tropical developing countries, was converted into furniture, plywood and other processed products for export.

China accounted for over half the log exports from Papua New Guinea, Myanmar and Indonesia, the report said.

Cao said that over the next few years China's timber trade would be stable, with exports not exceeding imports, though that for certain products, like paper, there was still a lack of domestically sourced wood.

"But at the same time, we export a large amount of wood, and in 2005 our exports exceeded imports," he said.


Subject: [Ramsar-CEPA-Eng] The Future of Sustainability: Have Your Say

Hello CEPA list members: Some of you may be interested in taking part in the discussion being launched by IUCN on August 21st. Full details below. Please share this with interested colleagues. With best wishes, Sandra Hails, Ramsar Secretariat
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IUCN is hosting an e-Discussion Forum entitled "The Future of Sustainability: Have Your Say!" between August 21st and September 15th 2006 which is open to all IUCN Members, Councillors, Commissions, staff worldwide as well as the general public. Please participate and have your say. Here is the web announcement and URL for registration: What are the most inspiring and innovative approaches to sustainability in the twenty-first century? How can the conservation and environment community play more effective roles in addressing issues of social justice, security and human wellbeing? How do we develop profitable markets and business models that still conserve biodiversity and enhance ecosystem services? How can we best communicate the role of nature to the next generation of urban youth? These and other questions will be discussed in the first-ever e-Discussion Forum hosted by the World Conservation Union (IUCN) on the Future of Sustainability between August 21st and September 15th 2006. IUCN invites you to have your say and participate in conversations joined by guest writers and practitioners from around the world over a four week period. Your inputs will help shape the next generation of thinking about the future of sustainability and provide timely inputs to the preparations for the 4th IUCN World Conservation Congress to be held in Barcelona, Spain in 2008. A summary of the e-Discussion Forum will made available on the IUCN website later this year. For more information on the Discussion Forum and on how to participate please visit:<http://www.iucn.org/en/news/archive/2006/08/future _sustainability.htm > http://www.iucn.org/en/news /archive/2006/08/future _sustainability.htm

With best wishes,
Sally Jeanrenaud, Special Assistant to the Director General, IUCN HQ,
28 rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland;
Tel: ++41 22 999 0288   Fax: ++41 22 999 002; email: sally.jeanrenaud@iucn.org