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BIODIVERSITY
HOTSPOT
Nagarahole |
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BIODIVERSITY
HOTSPOT
Nagarahole |
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1. Name of the
Hotspot: Nagarahole National Park (Rajiv Gandhi National Park)
2. Focal species:
a. Plants
Kydia
calycina, Dalbergia latifolia, Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia chebula,
Terminalia paniculata, Pterocarpus marsupium, Mitrogyna parviflora, Chloroxylon
Swietenia, Boswellia serrata,
Dendrocalamus strictus, Bambusa arundinacea, Premna tomentosa, Schrebera
swietenoides, Canarium strictum, Gmelina arborea,Stereospermum chelonoides,
Radermachera xylocarpa
(List attached)
b. Mammals:
Tiger,
Panther, Dhole, Wild Cat, Marbled Cat, Elephant, Gaur, Chital, Sambar, Four
Horned Antelope, Stripenecked Mongoose, Ruddy Mongoose, Grizzled Squirrel.
(List
attached)
c. Reptiles:
Russell’s Viper, Indian Rock Python, King
Cobra, Krait, Cobra, Vine Snake, Marsh Crocodile, Terrapin.
(List
attached)
d. Birds:
Blue
Winged Parakeet, Crested Serpent Eagle, Crested Hawk Eagle, Racket Tailed
Drongo, Heart Spotted Wood Pecker, Hill Myna, Pygmy Wood Pecker, White Backed
Vulture, Greyheaded fishing Eagle, Fishing Owl, Grey Junglefowl, Indian
Peafowl, Brainfever bird, Fantailed Flycatcher, Honey Buzzard.
(List
attached)
e. Fishes: Contact Mr. Chandrashekariah.
3.
Coordinating Team: Mr.Raju, Deputy Conservator of Forests
Mr.K R Gopala Krishna, Range Forest Officer, Nagarahole
4. Investigating
Team:
Chief
Investigator: S G Neginhal IFS
Experience/expertise:
Wildlife Management Expert
Co
Investigators: Harish Bhat, Pramod Subbarao, Manjunath P.
Experience/expertise:
Researcher and Naturalists
5.
Dates of data collection: From 13-12-2003 To
14-12-2003
6.
Process of data collection: Field visits,
Interviews, Interaction with villagers and tribals.
7.
Sources of information:
·
Forest Officers
·
NGOs
·
Forest Watchers
·
Villagers
·
Tribals
8.
Number of man-days consumed in data collection: 8 Days
| SETTING |
(For core area, zone of influence)
1.
Location: Nagarahole
National Park
Hunsur Taluk
Mysore District
2.
Area (in ha or sq.km.): 643.39 sq. Kms
3.
Latitude/Longitude/Altitude:
Latitude: 11° 50‘, 12° 15’
Longitude:76°, 76° 15’ E
Altitude:
Temperature: 17°C - 33°C
Rainfall:
|
Range |
Taluk |
|||
|
Nagarhole |
Kalhalla |
Virajpet |
Hunsur |
H D Kote |
|
1376.3 |
1370.0 |
2110.6 |
804.7 |
736.2 |
4.
Village/Town/Taluk/District: Taluk: Hunsur, H
D Kote (In Mysore), Virajpet (In Kodagu), Dist: Mysore, Kodagu.
5.
Maps (kind of map and the scale): Physical and
human pressures maps enclosed.
6. Mode of access
(Distance from Railway/Bus station):
|
Distance From |
Bus Station (in kms) |
Railway Station (in kms) |
|
Bangalore (via Hunsur) |
225 |
|
|
Mysore |
90 |
- |
|
Madikeri |
|
- |
Nearest Airports:
Bangalore
7. Facilities to
stay closest to the hotspot:
|
Guest Houses |
Rent (Per
suite per day) |
|
|
Indians |
Foreign
Nationals |
|
|
Cauvery VIP
Suites I & II |
Rs 1000.00 |
Rs. 2000.00 |
|
Gangothri I,
II, III, IV |
Rs 750.00 |
Rs 1500.00 |
|
Dormitory 12
beds (Full or Part) |
Rs. 50.00 |
Rs. 70.00 |
|
Sunkadakatte
Forest Rest House I, II, III |
Rs. 750.00 |
Rs. 1500.00 |
|
Murkal Nature
Camp §
Cottage – Luxury §
Cottage – Ordinary §
Cottage – Toilet not attached §
Dormitory – 8 Beds §
Dormitory – 12 Beds |
Rs. 800.00 Rs. 500.00 Rs. 350.00 Rs. 50 per bed Rs. 50 per bed |
Rs. 1300.00 Rs. 800.00 Rs. 600.00 Rs. 70 per bed Rs. 70 per bed |
8. Tariff (if any)
to be paid to visit the Hotspots:
i.
Entrance fees:
a. Adults (Indians):
Rs 50.00
b. Foreign
Nationals: Rs. 150.00
ii.
Cameras:
a. Still Camera: -
b. Handy cam: Rs.
100.00
c. Video Camera: Rs.
200.00
iii.
Safari Charges:
a. In Department
Vehicle
i.
Adults (Indians): Rs 25.00
ii.
Foreigners: Rs. 25.00
iv.
Guide Fees:
Rs. 150.00 (While accompanying)
v.
Elephant Ride:
Rs.50.00 per person.
9. Controlling
Authorities:
The park is
divided into 7 ranges viz. Veeranahosahalli, Kallahalla, Anechoukur,
Nagarahole, DB Kuppe, Metikuppe and Antharasanthe.
i.
Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Wildlife)
Karnataka Forest
Department, Aranya Bhavan
Malleswaram 18th
Cross
Bangalore 560 003
Ph: 334 5846, 334
3464
ii.
Field Director
Project Tiger, Aranya Bhavan
Ashokpuram, Mysore-570 008.
Ph: (0821) 248 0901.
iii.
Deputy Director
Project Tiger, Aranya Bhavan
Ashokpuram, Mysore - 570 008.
Ph: (0821) 248 0901
iv.
Deputy Conservator of Forests
Nagarahole.
Ph:
v.
Range Forest Officer
Nagarahole.
Ph: (08274) 244 221.
10.
Classes of Landscape: Situated at the foothills of the eastern
slopes of Western Ghats. Major land forms are valleys, pediment, inselberg and
residual hills. The area comprises of charnockites, peninsular gneiss and
Closepet granite.
11.
Water bodies:
i.
Water tanks
v Hebballa, Kalla
halla, Nagarahole, Balle, Bavali hole, Taraka, Sarathi hole these form the
tributaries of two major rivers Lakshmanatheertha in the Norht and Kabini in
the South. Reservoirs of Kabini in the South and Taraka in the east are the
major sources of perennial water.
ii.
Streams
v Bisalavadi kere,
Kantepura, Mathigodu, Kallahalla, Peacock Tank, Marappa Tank, Pala halla,
Kuntur Tank
12.
Human populations: (Outside the National Park)
v
Jenu Kuruba
v
Yerava
v
Betta Kuruba
13.
Presence of Scheduled tribes or Nomadic tribes
population: The Tribals – Jenu Kurubas are
settled outside the sanctuary.
14.
Livestock: At the periphery – Cattle are found in great
numbers. Cattle for slaughtering in Kerala pass through the highway in the
National Park.
15.
Irrigation status & Major crops: Non-existent inside the National Park.
16.
Significant forest produce: Myrabolans consisting of Alale Kaayi (Terminalia
chebula), Taare Kaayi (Terminalia belerica), Bettanelli (Phyllanthus
emblica), Seege Kaayi (Acacia concinna), Honey, Wax etc.
17.
Quantities recorded at the Range or Divisional
Forest Offices: No data available since no collection is made.
18.
Cooperative societies and their transactions: NA.
19.
Significant fresh water fish productions: NA.
20.
Disposal of fishing rights
(Leasing/Auctioning/License): NA.
21.
Significant estuarine & marine fish/shell fish
productions: NA.
22.
Number and type of fishing crafts: NA.
23.
Nearest Fishing landing centres: NA.
24.
Availability of fish processing facilities: NA.
25.
Mining and quarrying activities: NA.
26.
Sources & extent of Air and Water pollution: NA.
27.
Prevalence of Human diseases: NA.
28.
Prevalence of Livestock diseases: Rinderpest, HS,
Foot & Mouth, Anthrax
29. Educational
institutions:
30.
Cooperative societies:
31.
Youth clubs: NA.
32.
Ladies clubs: NA.
33.
Active NGOs:
·
NAWICOED
Inventory of two kinds of activities affecting the core area as well as
zone of influence
Table – 1
|
|
Name of
individual/institutions/agency |
Activity with a
positive influence on core area |
Activity with a
negative influence on core area |
Activity with a
positive influence on zone of influence |
Activity with a
negative influence on the zone of influence |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
|
Local
individuals |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Local
institutions |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Outside
individuals |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Grazing, Fuel
Wood Collection |
|
Outside institutions |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Government
agencies |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Industrial,
mining companies etc. |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Any other
agencies |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| LIST OF KNOWLEDGE INDIVIDUALS |
|
Sr.No. |
Name |
Age group |
Sex |
Community |
Address of Expertise |
|
1 |
Chinappa K M |
55 |
M |
Coorgi |
Field specialist
in wildlife. |
| HABITATS |
a.
Preparation of
sketch map of the landscape
1. For zone of
influence
2. For zone of
influence
b.
Description of
Habitat types
1.
Habitat type: Dry Deciduous & Moist
Deciduous, Semi evergreen in pockets, Scrub at the Periphery.
2.
Local name (if any):
3.
Approximate total area (ha): 643.39 Sq. Kms
4.
Special significance of the habitat type (if any): Typical Dry
Deciduous & Moist Deciduous forest and Scrub forest. Typical alpine for
shola forests and grasslands on Gopalaswamy Betta.
5.
Management regimes: Since it is
notified as a National Park, it is being protected and controlled by Karnataka
Forest Department as per the rules and regulations of Wildlife Protection Act
of 1972. Recently this is included in the Project Tiger.
6.
Goods and Services provided by the habitat: Sheltering and
breeding places for the animals and birds are found within the National Park.
7.
Bads and Disservices provided by the habitat: NA.
8.
Significant ecological processes influenced by the
habitat type: NA.
9.
Significant man- induced processes influenced by
the habitat: No significant man –induced processes.
10.
Interacting individuals and institutions (Local): No interaction
of individuals & institutions.
11.
Activities: No human activities exist within in
the National Park except for forest officers.
12.
Interacting individuals and institutions
(External): NA.
13.
Activities: NA.
c.
History of
important habitat patches over 10-15/40-50 years
1.
Type and name of the habitat patch:
2. Change in
i.
Area:
ii.
Vegetation strata: Dry deciduous, Moist deciduous, Scrub forest
and montane shola forests and grasslands.
3. Aquatic habitat
change in
i.
Catchment area: NA.
ii.
Aquatic fauna: NA.
iii.
Aquatic flora: NA.
4.
Significant ecological processes influencing the
habitat patch: The forests have improved by giving protection under Project Tiger.
5.
Significant man induced processes influencing the
habitat patch: Habitat is not manipulated by the humans except for the welfare
activities and protection given by the Forest Department in controlling illicit
fellings, poaching, fire hazards, animal diseases etc.
6.
Productivity of Goods and Services: NA.
7.
Extent of Bads and Disservices: NA.
8.
Reasons for ongoing changes: No ongoing
changes.
9.
Gainers: Wildlife.
10.
Losers: Tribals and villagers.
11.
Desired changes/Desired future: Details are
given in Management Plan drawn by the Project Tiger, which gives importance to
the flagship species of Tiger, which in turn protects other animals, birds and
existing vegetation.
12.
Desired management system: Protection to Vegetation and Wildlife is
being provided under Project Tiger, which should be enforced.
13.
Suggested component for a feasible management plan
for that habitat patch: Protection to vegetation and wildlife is being
provided under Project Tiger, which should be enforced.
| LIFE SCAPE |
a.
Naturally
occurring species of significance
|
1.
|
Achiga, Basavanapada |
Bauhinia racemosa |
|
2.
|
Akesoppu |
Dragia volubilis |
|
3.
|
Aknkole |
Alangium lamarckii |
|
4.
|
Ala |
Ficus bengalensis |
|
5.
|
Alale |
Terminalia chebula |
|
6.
|
Ale, Hale |
Wrightia tinctoria |
|
7.
|
Amte, Goddamea,
Goddamate |
Spondias mangifera |
|
Antuvala |
Sapindus emarginatus |
|
|
9.
|
Arali |
Ficus religiosa |
|
10.
|
Arasina |
Curcuma longa |
|
11.
|
Arenelli, Godda |
Odina wodier |
|
12.
|
Arkehambu |
Clematis gouriana |
|
13.
|
Atheraganchi |
Ochna squarrosa |
|
14.
|
Athi |
Ficus glomerata |
|
15.
|
Avarike, Thangadi |
Cassia auriculata |
|
16.
|
Badabakke, Balli |
Pterolobium indicum |
|
17.
|
Badarike |
Dodonaea viscose |
|
18.
|
Bademara, Goje |
Bridelia retusa |
|
19.
|
Bagani |
Caryota urens |
|
20.
|
Bage |
Albizzia lebbeck |
|
21.
|
Banjalikey, Badanike |
Loranthus Spp |
|
22.
|
Basari (Beli) |
Ficus tsiela |
|
23.
|
Basari (Kappu) |
Ficus infectoria |
|
24.
|
Beete |
Dalbergia latifolia |
|
25.
|
Bellatte |
Acacia procera |
|
26.
|
Bemmarly |
Zizyphus rugosa |
|
27.
|
Bende |
Kydia calycina |
|
28.
|
Bevu |
Azadirachta indica |
|
29.
|
Bidru (Hebbidaru) |
Bambusa arundinacea |
|
30.
|
Bidru (kari) |
Dendrocalamus strictus |
|
31.
|
Bikke |
Gardenia gummifera |
|
32.
|
Bilibete, Belaga,
Pachali |
Dalbergia paniculata |
|
33.
|
Bilijali, Naibela |
Acacia leucophloea |
|
34.
|
Bilimathi |
Terminalia arjuna |
|
35.
|
Billihuli |
Fluggea spp. |
|
36.
|
Bilpatre |
Aegle marmelos |
|
37.
|
Bilwara |
Albizzia odoratissima |
|
38.
|
Bindigadamully |
Cudranis javanensis |
|
39.
|
Bore, Belachi |
Zizyphus jujuba |
|
40.
|
Buruga, Yelaga |
Bombax malabaricum |
|
41.
|
Chagache |
Cassia tora |
|
42.
|
Chakatte, Sagade,
Kendale |
Schleichera trijuga |
|
Challe |
Cordia myxa |
|
|
44.
|
Channangi |
Lagerstroemia
parviflora |
|
45.
|
Chette |
Zizyphus trinervia |
|
46.
|
Chijjalu, Tugli |
Albizzia amara |
|
47.
|
Chilla |
Strychnos potatorum |
|
48.
|
Chitte |
Zizyphus xylopyrus |
|
49.
|
Chittunde |
Cipadessa bacciferra |
|
50.
|
Darbe hullu |
Andropogon serratus |
|
51.
|
Devadaru |
Erythroxylon monogynum |
|
52.
|
Dindiga |
Anogeissus latifolia |
|
53.
|
Doddathoppe, Bhutaga |
Hymenodictyon excelsum |
|
54.
|
Eechalu (kiri),
Kirachalu |
Phoenix humilis |
|
55.
|
Eji |
Premna tomentosa |
|
56.
|
Ekka (Yukke), Yukka |
Calotropis gigantea |
|
57.
|
Ganapeballi |
Entada scandens |
|
58.
|
Gandha, Srigandha |
Santalum album |
|
59.
|
Ganganaballi |
Celastrus paniculatus |
|
60.
|
Gante |
Schrebera swietenoides |
|
61.
|
Gerakalu, Karki,
I.C.Tree |
Trema orientalis |
|
62.
|
Gobbali, Karijali |
Acacia arabica |
|
63.
|
Gobbaraneriu Neela |
Bischofia javanica |
|
64.
|
Godda |
Odina wodier |
|
65.
|
Godda, Nelagodda |
Garuga pinnata |
|
66.
|
Goni |
Ficus mysorensis |
|
67.
|
Goravi |
Ixora parviflora |
|
68.
|
Gujiga |
Caesalpinia bonducella |
|
69.
|
Gulaganji |
Abrus precatorius |
|
70.
|
Gullabadane |
Solanum ferox |
|
71.
|
Gulmavu, Karvadi |
Machilus macrantha |
|
72.
|
Hadaga |
Cordia macleodis |
|
73.
|
Halasu |
Artocarpus
integrifolia |
|
74.
|
Haluballi |
Cryptolepis buchanani |
|
75.
|
Hesare |
Caesaria tomentosa |
|
76.
|
Hesare, Oobalu, Oomb |
Saccaopetalum
tomentosa |
|
77.
|
Hesarugani, Helege |
Dalbergia lanceolata |
|
78.
|
Holedevadala |
Lagerstroemia
flosreginae |
|
79.
|
Honge |
Pongamia glabra |
|
80.
|
Honne |
Pterocarpus marsupium |
|
81.
|
Huchubeve |
Melia composita |
|
82.
|
Huligada |
Fluggea microcarpa |
|
83.
|
Hunsadimullu |
Capparis stylosa |
|
84.
|
Hunse |
Tamarindus indica |
|
85.
|
Hunulau, Hulube,
Maruwa |
Terminalia paniculata |
|
86.
|
Ippe |
Bassia latifolia |
|
87.
|
Jagalaganti |
Diospyros montana |
|
88.
|
Kabumolle |
Jasminum Spp. |
|
89.
|
Kadaga, Kadavala |
Stephegyne parviflora |
|
90.
|
Kadavarasi Hambu |
Spatholobus roxburghii |
|
91.
|
Kadu Seege |
Acacia intisa |
|
92.
|
Kadu suragi |
Wendlandia notoniana |
|
93.
|
Kaduroga, Lantana |
Lantana camara |
|
94.
|
Kakke |
Cassia fistula |
|
95.
|
Kalabri Padri |
Stereosperumum
suaveolens |
|
96.
|
Kalhonne |
Ougeaia dalbergioides |
|
97.
|
Kalkathik, Gargathi |
Ficus asperrima |
|
98.
|
Kallamele |
Argyreia cuneata |
|
99.
|
Kanagalu |
Plumeria acutifolia |
|
100.
|
Kanagalu |
Plumeria pentagyna |
|
101.
|
Kanchavala |
Bauhinia racemosa |
|
102.
|
Kare |
Randia dumeterum |
|
103.
|
Kare hambu |
Ichnocarpus wightiana |
|
104.
|
Kathale |
Agave Spp. |
|
105.
|
Kathribombu |
Capparis horrida |
|
106.
|
Kavalu, Gunga |
Careya arborea |
|
107.
|
Kenjaga |
Caesalpinia mimosoides |
|
108.
|
Khaggali, Kaggali |
Acacia catechu |
|
109.
|
Kolikallinaballi |
Gloriosa superba |
|
110.
|
Kondamavu |
Protium saudatum |
|
111.
|
Korachiga, Kumurka |
Holarrhena
artidysenterica |
|
112.
|
Kowry, Edamuri,
Balmuri |
Hellecteres isora |
|
113.
|
Lakki |
Vitex neugundo |
|
114.
|
Madarasa |
Tabernaemontana
heyneana |
|
115.
|
Maddi |
Morinda tinctoria |
|
116.
|
Majjige-gadde |
Asparagus racemosus |
|
117.
|
Mallige |
Jasminum arborescens |
|
118.
|
Mandlamari |
Cipadesa fruiticosa |
|
119.
|
Matti |
Terminalia tomentosa |
|
120.
|
Mavu |
Mangifera indica |
|
121.
|
Mitli |
Streblus asper |
|
122.
|
Mukarthi, Murukalu |
Elaeodendron glaucum |
|
123.
|
Mukkadaka |
Lasiosiphon
eriocephelus |
|
124.
|
Mullumuthuga, Kichiga |
Erythrina suberosa |
|
125.
|
Mulvara |
Acacia suma |
|
126.
|
Murakalu |
Buchanania latifolia |
|
127.
|
Muthanga |
Butea frondosa |
|
128.
|
Naibela |
Limonia acidissima |
|
129.
|
Nandi |
Lagerstroemia
lanceolata |
|
130.
|
Nanjanakoradu, Etti |
Strychnos nuxvomica |
|
131.
|
Naviladi |
Vitex altissima |
|
132.
|
Nelli |
Indigoferra pulchella |
|
133.
|
Neralu |
Eugenia jambolana |
|
134.
|
Nilagiri |
Eucalyptus Spp. |
|
135.
|
Nirunndi |
Hydnocarpus wightiana |
|
136.
|
Oodi, Udi, Ganaru,
Udevu |
Stereosperumum
xylocarpum |
|
137.
|
Papaskalli |
Opuntia dillenii |
|
138.
|
Pavatte |
Pavetta indica |
|
139.
|
Pettigadurgigida |
Wendlandia Spp. |
|
140.
|
Poplichakke |
Ventilago madraspatna |
|
141.
|
Saguvani, Tege, Teak |
Tectona grandis |
|
142.
|
Salle |
Glochidion
neiligherrense |
|
143.
|
Sampige |
Michelia champaka |
|
144.
|
Sannagejjalikey |
Flaccourtia aspiaria |
|
145.
|
Seebe. |
Psidium guava |
|
146.
|
Seemathangadi |
Cassia siamea |
|
147.
|
Seethalapala |
Anona squamosa |
|
148.
|
Shanthi, Tare |
Terminalia belerica |
|
149.
|
Shavige. |
Sterculia villosa |
|
150.
|
Soddi |
Zizyphys oemoplia |
|
151.
|
Sogade Beru. |
Hemidesmus indicus |
|
152.
|
Sonde. |
Solanum indicum |
|
153.
|
Srithulasi |
Ocimum sanctum |
|
154.
|
Tadasal |
Grewia tiliaefolia |
|
155.
|
Tarasinagida,
Eswariberu |
Aristolochia indica |
|
156.
|
Teginamara |
Gmelina asiatica |
|
157.
|
Thandarasi |
Gymnosporia montana |
|
158.
|
Thapasi |
Holoptelea
integrifolia |
|
159.
|
Thumbe |
Leucas aspera |
|
160.
|
Thumbegida |
Abutilon indicum |
|
161.
|
Thuprabidiele |
Diospyros melanoxylon |
|
162.
|
Turukahrlu |
Jatropha curcas |
|
163.
|
Yethiga |
Adina cordifolia |
v Butterfly
|
1. |
Blue Bottle,
Common |
Graphium sarpedon |
|
2. |
Birdwing,
Southern |
Troides minos |
|
3. |
Cerulean,
Common |
Jamides celeno |
|
4. |
Crimson Tip |
Colotis danae |
|
5. |
Crow, Common
Indian |
Euploea core |
|
6. |
Eggfly, Danaid |
Hypolimnas
misippus |
|
7. |
Emigrant,
Common |
Catopsilia
pomona |
|
8. |
Grass Yellow,
Common |
Eurema hecabe |
|
9. |
Jewel, Grass |
Freyeria
trochylus |
|
10. |
Jezebel, Common |
Delias eucharis |
|
11. |
Mormon, Blue |
Papilio
polymnestor |
|
12. |
Mormon, Common |
Papilio polytes |
|
13. |
Orange Tip,
Great |
Hebomoia
glaucippe |
|
14. |
Orange Tip,
White |
Ixias marianne |
|
15. |
Orange Tip,
Yellow |
Ixias pyrene |
|
16. |
Pansy, Lemon |
Junonia
lemonias |
|
17. |
Pansy, Yellow |
Junonia hierta |
|
18. |
Peacock, Paris |
Papilio paris |
|
19. |
Pierrot, Common |
Castalius
rosimon |
|
20. |
Pioneer |
Anaphaeis
aurota |
|
21. |
Rose, Crimson |
Pachliopta
hector |
|
22. |
Sailer, Common |
Neptis hylas |
|
23. |
Tiger, Blue |
Tirumala
linniace |
|
24. |
Tiger, Plain |
Danaus
chrysippus |
|
25. |
Tiger, Striped |
Danaus genutia |
|
26. |
Wanderer,
Common |
Pareronia
valeria |
|
1. |
Catfish, Black |
Clarios
batrachus |
Ane meenu |
|
2. |
Butter fish |
Cellichrous
bimaculatus |
Bennae meenu |
|
3. |
Catfish,
Striped dwarf |
Mystus vittatus |
Girlu |
|
4. |
Eel, Spiny |
Mastacembelus
armatus |
Haavu meenu |
|
5. |
Mahseer |
Tor neilli |
Bili Meenu |
|
6. |
Pigmouth Labeo |
Labeo kontius |
Handi Kurdu |
|
7. |
Scorpion fish |
Heteropneustes
fostilis |
Chelu menu |
|
8. |
Shark, Fresh
Water |
Wallago attu |
Bale meenu |
|
9. |
Snakehead,
Asiatic |
Channa
orientalis |
Mottu |
|
10. |
Snakehead, Spotted |
Channa
punctatus |
Korava |
|
1. |
Green Tank Frog |
|
|
2. |
Bullfrog, Indian |
Rana tigrina |
|
3. |
Concert Frog |
|
|
4. |
Fungoid Frog |
Rana malabarica |
|
5. |
Tree Frog |
|
|
6. |
Plantain Frog |
|
|
7. |
Forest Frog |
Rana curtipus |
|
8. |
|
Rana cyanophylyetis |
|
9. |
|
Microphulla sp. |
v Lizards
|
1. |
Agama, Rock |
Psammophilus
dorsalis |
|
2. |
Calotes, Forest |
Calotes rouxii |
|
3. |
Calotes,
Southern Green |
|
|
4. |
Chameleon,
Indian |
Chameleo zeylanicus |
|
5. |
Gecko, Bark |
Lepidodactylus lugubris |
|
6. |
Gecko, Brook’s |
Hemidactylus brooki |
|
7. |
Gecko, Gerdon’s
Dwarf |
|
|
8. |
Gecko, Kalaart’s
Dwarf |
|
|
9. |
Gecko, Southern
House |
Hemidactylus frenatus |
|
10. |
Gecko, Termite
Hill |
Hemidactylus
triedrus |
|
11. |
Lizard, Common
Garden |
Calotes
versicolor |
|
12. |
Lizard, Fan
throated |
Sitana ponticeriana |
|
13. |
Lizard, Monitor |
|
|
14. |
Skink, Brahminy |
|
|
15. |
Skink, Snake |
|
|
16. |
Skink, Spotted Supple |
Lygosoma
punctata |
v Snakes
|
1. |
Cobra,
Spectacled |
Naja naja |
|
2. |
Boa, Red Sand |
Eryx johnii |
|
3. |
Boa, Russell’s |
|
|
4. |
Bronzebacked
Tree Snake |
Dendrelaphis calligaster |
|
5. |
Faintly Stripe
Necked Snake |
|
|
6. |
Flying Snake |
Chrysopelea ornate |
|
7. |
Keelback,
Checkered |
Xenochrophis
piscator |
|
8. |
Krait, Common |
Bungarus
caeruleus |
|
9. |
Python, Indian
Rock |
Python molurus |
|
10. |
Racer, Banded |
Argyrogena fasciolata |
|
11. |
Rat Snake,
Common |
Ptyas mucosa |
|
12. |
Russell’s Kukri |
Oligodon
taenioloatus fasciatus |
|
13. |
Slender Blind
Snake |
Typhlops
obtusus |
|
14. |
Trinket Snake,
Common |
Elaphe Helena |
|
15. |
Vine Snake,
Green |
Oxybelis fulgius |
|
16. |
Viper,
Russell’s |
Daboia russelii |
|
17. |
Viper, Saw
scaled |
Echis carinatus |
|
18. |
Whip Snake,
Green |
Coluber jugularis |
|
19. |
Wolf Snake,
Common |
Lycodon
capicunus |
v Tortoises
q
Starred tortoise (Geochelone elegans)
q
Peninsular Black Turtle (Melanochelys trijuga trijuga)
q
Indian Flap Shell (Lissemys punctata)
v Crocodiles
q
Marsh Crocodile (Crocodylus palustris)
|
1.
|
Babbler, Jungle |
Turdoides caudatus
|
|
2.
|
Babbler, Slatyheaded
Scimitar |
Pomatorhinus
horsfieldii schisticeps |
|
3.
|
Barbet,
Crimsonbreasted |
Megalaima haemacephala |
|
4.
|
Barbet, Large Green |
Megalaima zeylanica |
|
5.
|
Barbet, Small Green |
Megalaima viridis |
|
6.
|
Bee-Eater, Bluebearded |
Nyctyornis athertoni |
|
7.
|
Bee-Eater, Bluetailed |
Merops philippinus |
|
8.
|
Bee-Eater,
Chestnutheaded |
Merops leschenaulti |
|
9.
|
Bee-Eater, Small Green |
Merops orientalis |
|
10.
|
Bulbul, Red Vented |
Pycnonotus cafer |
|
11.
|
Bulbul, Red Whiskered |
Pycnonotus jocosus |
|
12.
|
Bushchat, Pied |
Saxicola caprata |
|
13.
|
Pernis ptilorhynchos |
|
|
14.
|
Chat, Pied Bush |
Saxicola caprata |
|
15.
|
Chloropsis,
Goldenfronted |
Chloropsis aurifrons |
|
16.
|
Chloropsis, Goldmanted |
Chloropsis
cochnichinensis |
|
17.
|
Coot, Common |
Fulica atra |
|
18.
|
Cormorant, Little |
Phalacrocorax niger |
|
19.
|
Coucal, Lesser |
Centropus bengalensis |
|
20.
|
Crow, House |
Corvus splendens |
|
21.
|
Crow, Jungle |
Corvus macrorhynchos |
|
22.
|
Cuckoo, Common Hawk |
Cuculus varius |
|
23.
|
Cuckoo, Indian |
Cuculus micropterus |
|
24.
|
Cuckoo, Pied Crested |
Clamator jacobinus |
|
25.
|
Cuckoo, Sirkeer |
Taccocua leschenaultii |
|
26.
|
Curlew, Stone |
Burhinus oedicnemus |
|
27.
|
Anhinga rufa |
|
|
28.
|
Dove, Collared |
Streptopelia tranquebarica |
|
29.
|
Dove, Indian Ring |
Streptopelia decaocto |
|
30.
|
Dove, Spotted |
Streptopelia chinensis |
|
31.
|
Drongo, Black |
Dicrurus macrocercus |
|
32.
|
Drongo, Grater
Racket-tailed |
Dicrurus paradiseus |
|
33.
|
Drongo, Whitebellied |
Dicrurus caerulescens |
|
34.
|
Drongo-Cuckoo |
Surniclus lugubris |
|
35.
|
Duck, Spotbilled |
Anas poecilorhyncha |
|
36.
|
Eagle, Black |
Ictinaetus malayensis |
|
37.
|
Spilornis cheela |
|
|
38.
|
Ichthyophaga
ichthyaetus |
|
|
39.
|
Circateus gallicus |
|
|
40.
|
Eagle, Whiteeyed
Buzzard |
Butastur teesa |
|
41.
|
Egret, Cattle |
Bubulcus ibis |
|
42.
|
Egret, Little |
Egretta egretta |
|
43.
|
Egret, Median |
Mesophoyx intermedia |
|
44.
|
Finchlark, Ashycrowned |
Eremoteris grisea |
|
45.
|
Finchlark, Rufous
Tailed |
Ammomanes phoenicurus |
|
46.
|
Flowerpecker, Nilgiri |
Dicaeum concolor
concolor |
|
47.
|
Flowerpecker,
Thickbilled |
Dicaeum agile |
|
48.
|
Flowerpecker,
Tickell’s |
Dicaeum
erythrorhynchos |
|
49.
|
Flycatcher, Blacknaped |
Hypothymis azurea |
|
50.
|
Flycatcher, Paradise |
Terpsiphone paradisi |
|
51.
|
Flycatcher,
Redbreasted |
Muscicapa parva |
|
52.
|
Flycatcher, Tickell’s
Blue |
Muscicapa tickelliae |
|
53.
|
Flycatcher, Verditer |
Muscicapa thalassina |
|
54.
|
Flycatcher,
Whitebrowed Fantail |
Rhipidura aureola |
|
55.
|
Grebe, Little |
Podiceps ruficollis |
|
56.
|
Accipiter nisis
nisosimilis |
|
|
57.
|
Hawk-Cuckoo, Common |
Cuculus varius |
|
58.
|
Spizaetus cirrhatus
cirrhatus |
|
|
59.
|
Heron, Pond |
Ardeola grayii |
|
60.
|
Heron, Purple |
|
|
61.
|
Hoopoe |
Upupa epops |
|
62.
|
Hornbill, Common Grey |
Tockus birostris |
|
63.
|
Hornbill, Malabar Grey |
Tockus griseus |
|
64.
|
Pseudibis papillosa |
|
|
65.
|
Iora, Common |
Aeginithina tiphia |
|
66.
|
Jungle Fowl, Grey |
Gallus sonneratii |
|
67.
|
Kestrel |
Falco tinnunculus |
|
68.
|
Kingfisher, Pied |
Ceryle rudis |
|
69.
|
Kingfisher, Small Blue |
Alcedo atthis |
|
70.
|
Kingfisher,
Storkbilled |
Pelargopsis capensis |
|
71.
|
Kingfisher, White
Breasted |
Halcyon smyrnensis |
|
72.
|
Kite, Black |
Milvus migrans |
|
73.
|
Kite, Blackwinged |
Elanus caeruleus |
|
74.
|
Kite, Brahminy |
Haliastur Indus |
|
75.
|
Koel, Asian |
Eudynamys scolopacea |
|
76.
|
Lapwing, Red-Wattled |
Vanellus indicus |
|
77.
|
Lapwing,
Yellow-Wattled |
Vanellus malabaricus |
|
78.
|
Lark, Malabar Crested |
Galerida malabarica |
|
79.
|
Lark, Redwinged Bush |
Mirafra erythroptera |
|
80.
|
Lark, Singing Bush |
Mirafra javanica |
|
81.
|
Lark, Syke’s Crested |
Galerida deva |
|
82.
|
Lorikeet, Indian |
Loriculus vernalis |
|
83.
|
Malkoha, Small
Greenbilled |
Rhopodytes
viridirostris |
|
84.
|
Minivet, Scarlet |
Pericrocotus flammeus |
|
85.
|
Minivet, Small |
Pericrocotus cinnamomeus |
|
86.
|
Minivet, Whitebellied |
Pericrocotus
erythopygius |
|
87.
|
Munia, Blackheaded |
Lonchura malacca |
|
88.
|
Munia, Spotted |
Lonchura punctulata |
|
89.
|
Myna, Brahminy |
Sturnus pagodarum |
|
90.
|
Myna, Common |
Acidotheres tristis |
|
91.
|
Myna, Hill |
Gracula religiosa |
|
92.
|
Myna, Jungle |
Acidotheres fuscus |
|
93.
|
Nightjar, Common
Indian |
Caprimulgus asiaticus |
|
94.
|
Nuthatch,
Chestnutbellied |
Sitta castanea |
|
95.
|
Nuthatch,
Velvetfronted |
Sitta frontalis |
|
96.
|
Oriole, Blackheaded |
Oriolus xanthornus |
|
97.
|
Oriole, Golden |
Oriolus oriolus |
|
98.
|
Pandion haliaetus |
|
|
99.
|
Owl, Barn |
Tyto alba |
|
100.
|
Owl, Brown Fish |
Bubo zeylonensis |
|
101.
|
Owl, Collared Scops |
Otus bakkamoena |
|
102.
|
Owl, Forest Eagle |
Bubo nipalensis |
|
103.
|
Owl, Great Horned |
Bubo Bubo |
|
104.
|
Owlet, Jungle |
Glaucidium radiatum |
|
105.
|
Owlet, Spotted |
Athene brama |
|
106.
|
Parakeet, Alexandrine |
Psittacula eupatria |
|
107.
|
Parakeet, Blossom
Headed |
Psittacula
cyanocephala |
|
108.
|
Parakeet, Bluewinged |
Psittacula colomboides |
|
109.
|
Parakeet, Rose Ringed |
Psittacula krameri |
|
110.
|
Partridge, Grey |
Francolinus
pondericerianus |
|
111.
|
Peafowl, Common |
Pavo cristatus |
|
112.
|
Pigeon, Blue Rock |
Columba livia |
|
113.
|
Pigeon, Nilgiri Wood |
Columba elphinstonii |
|
114.
|
Pigeon, Yellowlegged
Green |
Treron phoenicoptera |
|
115.
|
Pintail |
Anas acuta |
|
116.
|
Pipit, Paddyfield |
Anthus rufulus |
|
117.
|
Pipit, Tree |
Anthus trivialis |
|
118.
|
Pitta, Indian |
Pitta brachyura |
|
119.
|
Aythya nyroca |
|
|
120.
|
Quail, Jungle Bush |
Perdicula asiatica |
|
121.
|
Quail, Painted Bush |
Perdicula
erythrorhyncha |
|
122.
|
Quail, Yellowlegged
Button |
Turnix tanki |
|
123.
|
Robin, Indian |
Saxicoloides fulicata |
|
124.
|
Robin, Oriental Magpie |
Copsychus saularis |
|
125.
|
Roller, Indian |
Coracias benghalensis |
|
126.
|
Rosefinch, Common |
Carpodacus erythrinus |
|
127.
|
Sandpiper, Common |
Tringa hypoleucos |
|
128.
|
Sandpiper, Green |
Tringa ochropus |
|
129.
|
Phalacrocorax
fuscicollis |
|
|
130.
|
Shama |
Copsychus malabaricus
malabaricus |
|
131.
|
Accipiter badius |
|
|
132.
|
Shrike, Ashy Swallow |
Artamus fuscus |
|
133.
|
Shrike, Baybacked |
Lanius vittatus |
|
134.
|
Shrike, Blackheaded
Cuckoo |
Coracina
novaehollandiae |
|
135.
|
Shrike, Brown |
Lanius cristatus |
|
136.
|
Shrike, Common Wood |
Tephrodornis
pondicerianus |
|
137.
|
Shrike, Grey |
Lanius excubitor |
|
138.
|
Shrike, Large Wood |
Tephrodornis virgatus |
|
139.
|
Shrike, Pied
Flycatcher |
Hemipus picatus |
|
140.
|
Shrike, Rufous Backed |
Lanius schach |
|
141.
|
Snipe |
|
|
142.
|
Sparrow, House |
Passer domesticus |
|
143.
|
Mycteria leucocephala |
|
|
144.
|
Ciconia episcopus |
|
|
145.
|
Sunbird, Loten’s |
Nectarinia lotenia |
|
146.
|
Sunbird, Purple |
Nectarinia asiatica |
|
147.
|
Sunbird, Purplerumped |
Nectarinia zeylonica |
|
148.
|
Sunbird, Small |
Nectarinia minima |
|
149.
|
Swallow |
Hirundo rustica |
|
150.
|
Swallow, Cliff |
Hirundo fluvicola |
|
151.
|
Swallow, Red Rumped |
Hirundo daurica |
|
152.
|
Swallow, Wiretailed |
Hirundo smithii |
|
153.
|
Swift, Crested Tree |
Hemiprocne longipennis |
|
154.
|
Swift, House |
Apus affinis |
|
155.
|
Swift, Palm |
Cypsiurus parvus |
|
156.
|
Tailor Bird |
Orthotomus sutorius |
|
157.
|
Nettapus
coromandelianus |
|
|
158.
|
Dendrocygna javanica |
|
|
159.
|
Tern, River |
Sterna aurantia |
|
160.
|
Tickell's Flowerpecker |
Dicaeum
erythrorhynchos |
|
161.
|
Tit, Grey |
Parus major |
|
162.
|
Tit, Yellowcheeked |
Parus xanthogenys |
|
163.
|
Treepie, Indian |
|
|
164.
|
Trogon, Malabar |
Harpactes fasciatus |
|
165.
|
Gyps indicus |
|
|
166.
|
Gyps bengalensis |
|
|
167.
|
Sarcogyps calvus |
|
|
168.
|
Neophron percnopterus |
|
|
169.
|
Wagtail, Large Pied |
Motacilla
maderaspatensis |
|
170.
|
Wagtail, White |
Motacilla alba |
|
171.
|
Warbler, Booted |
Hippolais caligata |
|
172.
|
Warbler, Orphean |
Sylvia hortensis |
|
173.
|
Warbler, Tickell’s
Leaf |
Phylloscopus affinis |
|
174.
|
Waterhen,
Whitebreasted |
Amaurornis phoenicurus |
|
175.
|
White-Eye |
Zosterops palpebrosa |
|
176.
|
Woodpecker,
Blackbacked |
Chrysocolaptes
festivus |
|
177.
|
Woodpecker, Indian
Goldenbacked Threetoed |
Dinopium javanese |
|
178.
|
Woodpecker, Indian
Great Black |
Dryocopus javensis |
|
179.
|
Woodpecker, Larger
Goldenbacked |
Chrysocolaptes lucidus |
|
180.
|
Woodpecker, Lesser
Goldenbacked |
Dinopium benghalense |
|
181.
|
Woodpecker, Little
Scalybellied Green |
Picus myrmecophoneus |
|
182.
|
Woodpecker, Pygmy |
Picoides nanus |
|
183.
|
Woodpecker, Rufous |
Micropternus
brachyurus |
|
184.
|
Woodpecker, Small
Yellownaped |
Picus chlorolophus
chlorigaster |
|
185.
|
Woodpecker,
Yellowfronted Pied |
Picoides mahrattensis |
|
1. |
Tiger |
Panthera tigris |
|
2. |
Panther |
Panthera pardus |
|
3. |
Dhole |
Cuon alpinus |
|
4. |
Civet, Small
Indian |
Viverricula
indica |
|
5. |
Civet, Common |
Paradoxurus
hermaphroditus |
|
6. |
Cat, Leopard |
Felis
bengalensis |
|
7. |
Cat, Rusty
Spotted |
Felis
rubiginosa |
|
8. |
Cat, Wild |
Felis chaus |
|
9. |
Antelope, Four
Horned |
Tetracerus
quadricornis |
|
10. |
Boar, Wild |
Sus scrofa |
|
11. |
Wild Gaur |
Bos gaurus |
|
12. |
Sambar |
Cervus unicolor |
|
13. |
Deer, Barking |
Muntjacus
muntjak |
|
14. |
Deer, Spotted |
Axis axis |
|
15. |
Hare, Black
Naped |
Lepus
nigricollis nigricollis |
|
16. |
Jackal |
Canis aureus |
|
17. |
Hyena, Striped |
Hyena hyena |
|
18. |
Langur, Common |
Presbytis
entellus |
|
19. |
Macaque, Bonnet |
Macaca radiata |
|
20. |
Mongoose, Ruddy |
Herpestes
smithii |
|
21. |
Mongoose, Small
Indian |
Herpestes
auropunctatus |
|
22. |
Mongoose,
Stripe Necked |
Herpestes
vitticollis |
|
23. |
Otter, Common
Indian |
Lutra lutra |
|
24. |
Elephant |
Elephas maximus |
|
25. |
Bear, Sloth |
Melursus
ursinus |
|
26. |
Loris, Slender |
Loris
tardigradus |
|
27. |
Pangolin |
Manis
crassicaudata |
|
28. |
Porcupine |
Hystrix indica |
|
29. |
Squirrel,
Malabar Giant |
Ratufa indica |
|
30. |
Squirrel, Large
Brown Flying |
Petaurista
petaurista |
|
31. |
Squirrel, Three
Striped Palm |
Funambulus
palmarum |
|
32. |
Shrew |
Suncus murinus |
|
33. |
Bat, Fruit |
Rousettus
leschenaultii |
b.
Additional
information on species of significance
1.
Most common local name of the species (Language):
|
Common Local
Name (in Kannada) |
Common Name |
Scientific name |
|
Huli |
Tiger |
Panthera tigris |
|
Chirathe |
Panther |
Panthera pardus |
|
Karadi |
Sloth Bear |
Melursus
ursinus |
|
Seelu Naayi |
Dhole |
Cuon alpinus |
|
Aane |
Elephant |
Elephas maximus |
|
Kadave |
Sambar |
Cervus unicolor |
|
Kaate |
Wild Gaur |
Bos gaurus |
|
Jinke |
Spotted Deer |
Axis axis |
|
Kaadukuri |
Four horned
Antelope |
Muntjacus
muntjak |
2. Scientific name
of the species: See the table above.
3.
Habitat favoured: Dry & Moist Deciduous and Scrub
Forest
4.
Value to local community: Not much use.
5.
Major uses/ill effects:
v Wildboars,
Elephants raid crops in adjoining villages.
v Tiger and Panther
lift cattle in adjoining villages.
6. Value of global
relevance (as Rare, Threatened or Endangered):
|
Rare |
Threatened |
Endangered |
|
Stripe Necked
Mongoose |
Dhole |
Elephant |
|
Ruddy Mongoose |
Gaur |
Tiger |
|
Grizzled
Squirrel |
Sambar |
|
|
|
Spotted Deer |
|
c.
Inventory of
significant varieties of domestic plants/animals:
1.
Local name of Species: NA.
2.
Scientific name of species: NA.
3.
Local name of variety: NA.
4.
Language employed: NA.
5.
Distinctive features of the species/varieties: NA.
6.
Value to local community: NA.
7.
Major uses: NA.
8.
Value of global relevance (as rare, threatened or
endemic etc.): NA.
d.
History of
significant species/varieties
1.
Most common name of the species: NA.
2.
Scientific name: NA.
3.
Most common local name of variety: NA.
4.
Existing management authority: NA.
5.
Fish breeding season: NA.
6.
Fishing methods (Types of nets used): NA.
7.
Existing management authority: NA.
8.
Current level of abundance: NA.
9.
Trend in abundance in last 10-15/40-50 years: NA.
10.
Significant ecological processes influencing the
species/varieties: NA.
11.
Significance man induced processes influencing the
species/variety: NA.
12.
Reasons for the ongoing change: NA.
13.
Gainers (Internal/External): NA.
14.
Losers (Internal/External): NA.
15.
Desired changes/Desired future: NA.
16.
Desired management system: NA.
17.
Suggested component for a feasible management plan
for the species/variety: NA.
| MANAGEMENT |
a.
Perspectives of
others
1.
Desired response options of different members of
local or outside communities/institutions/government agencies/industrial or
mining undertaking etc. to be recorded): The villagers from the peripheral
villages consider elephants and wild boars as a menace because they raid the
crops often.
2.
Significance of management issues and response
options: Educated people appreciate and villagers depreciate the management being
enforced.
3. Management issues
pertaining to:
a. Habitat and/or: Due to protection
given to the local flora, the forest is re-establishing.
b. Species/variety: Due to protection
given to the local flora, the fauna and avifauna are re-establishing.
4.
Customary/Administrative:
Customary: Customary hunting
during the festivals like Sankranthi needs to be discouraged.
Administrative: The present
administrative set up is more than a decade old. Staff needs reinforcement and
upgradation.
5. Since how long the
arrangements have been in practice: Since ages.
6. Changes if any in
management pattern over last 10-15/40-50 years: Conservation
efforts have been fortified over the years.
7. Desired
changes/Desired future: See below.
8. Desired
management system: Involvement of the locals in management of the
Protected Area will yield better results.
b.
Perspectives of
Investigators:
Present efforts
to conserve flora and fauna to be continued.
c.
Desired and
feasible pattern of management that should be promoted in the opinion of the
investigators:
A detailed management plan is drawn and sanctioned by the Government for
the Project Tiger areas. The recommendations need to be implemented thoroughly.
d.
Suggested
strategy for promoting these desired patterns of management and the communication
needs for the purpose:
Project Tiger Management Plan recommendations to be implemented
e.
Cultural,
religious, recreational, scenic, tourist significance of the hotspot:
The protected area provides all possible recreational and eco-tourism
opportunities to the seekers. People all over southern Karnataka visit
Gopalaswamy temple on the Gopalaswamy Betta.
f.
Ecological
evaluation of the hotspot:
The conservation of the hotspot has immense effect on ecological and
environment of Tiger, Elephant and other endangered flora and fauna spp.
g.
Suggested follow
up investigations:
The investigation method and their follow up have been given in detail in
the sanctioned management plan of the hotspot, which should be followed.
Intense research about the behaviour, breeding, and food of the animals should
be conducted by involving ex-situ naturalists.
h.
Any other
suggested follow up:
i.
Complete check listing of wild animals to be
done.
ii. Complete check listing of reptiles to be done.
iii. Complete check listing of birds to be done.
iv. Complete check listing of butterflies and other insects to be done.
v. Complete check listing of vegetation to be done.
vi. Annual census of animals to be done.
vii. Involvement of outsiders and NGOs to be done in managing the Protected
Area.
viii.
Staff to be trained in managing the wildlife
scientifically.
ix. The name of the protected area to be changed to its former name ‘Nagarahole
National Park’.