BIODIVERSITY
HOTSPOT
Hebbal Tank |
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION
|
1. Name of the
Hotspot: Hebbal Tank.
2. Focal species:
a. Plants
Typha
angustata, Cyperus haspan, Bacoppa monerii, Jussea repens, Vallisneria sp.,
Hydrilla sp., Chara sp.
(List attached)
b. Mammals:
Three Striped Palm
Squirrel, Fruit Bat
c. Reptiles:
Gecko,
Rat Snake, Cobra, Checkered Keelback, Russel’s Viper, Skink
(List
attached)
d. Birds:
Northern
Pintail, Northern Shoveller, Garganey, Pochard, Painted Stork, Grey Heron,
Common Teal.
(List
attached)
e. Fishes:
(Source Mr.
Chandrashekariah & Mr. Rahman)
3.
Coordinating Team: None
4. Investigating
Team: Manjunath P., Pramod Subbarao & Harish Bhat
Experience/expertise: Naturalists and Researcher
5.
Dates of data collection: 18-01-2004 &
25-01-2004
6.
Process of data collection: Field visits,
Interviews.
7.
Sources of information: Knowledgeable
Individuals, Experts & Officials
8.
Number of man-days consumed in data collection: 6 Days
SETTING
|
1.
Location: Hebbal Tank Ba
2.
Area (in ha or sq.km.): 71 ha.
3.
Latitude/Longitude/Altitude:
Latitude: 13° 03‘ N
Longitude:77° 35’ E
Altitude:
Temperature: 13°C - 34°C
Rainfall: 380 mm Approx.
4.
Village/Town/Taluk/District: Hebbal, Bangalore Urban District
5.
Maps (kind of map and the scale):
6. Mode of access
(Distance from Railway/Bus station):
Distance From |
Bus Station (in kms) |
Railway Station (in kms) |
Bangalore |
7 |
Nearest Airports:
Bangalore
7. Facilities to
stay closest to the hotspot: Nil
8. Tariff (if any)
to be paid to visit the Hotspots: None
9. Controlling
Authorities: Lake Development Authority
10.
Classes of Landscape: Plain Land & Tank
11.
Water bodies:
Tank
12.
Human populations: No human
settlement within the hotspot.
13.
Presence of Scheduled tribes or Nomadic tribes
population: None
14.
Livestock: Occasional grazing at the peripheral region
15.
Irrigation status & Major crops: Non-existent.
16.
Significant forest produce: Nil
17.
Quantities recorded at the Range or Divisional
Forest Offices: Nil
18.
Cooperative societies and their transactions: NA.
19.
Significant fresh water fish productions: NA.
20.
Disposal of fishing rights
(Leasing/Auctioning/License): NA.
21.
Significant estuarine & marine fish/shell fish
productions: NA.
22.
Number and type of fishing crafts: NA.
23.
Nearest Fishing landing centres: NA.
24.
Availability of fish processing facilities: NA.
25.
Mining and quarrying activities: NA.
26.
Sources & extent of Air and Water pollution: NA.
27.
Prevalence of Human diseases: NA.
28.
Prevalence of Livestock diseases: NA,
29. Educational
institutions: None
30.
Cooperative societies: None
31.
Youth clubs: NA.
32.
Ladies clubs: NA.
33.
Active NGOs: Green Cross, INCERT.
THREATS AND SUPPORTIVE RESTORATION ACTIVITIES
|
Inventory of two kinds of activities affecting the core area as well as
zone of influence
Table – 1
|
Name of
individual/institutions/agency |
Activity with a
positive influence on core area |
Activity with a
negative influence on core area |
Activity with a
positive influence on zone of influence |
Activity with a
negative influence on the zone of influence |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Local
individuals |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Local
institutions |
Green Cross,
Bangalore |
Inventory &
Monitoring of Birds |
- |
- |
- |
Outside
individuals |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Collecting
grass and hunting birds |
Outside
institutions |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Government
agencies |
LDA and KFD |
- |
- |
Protecting the
tank |
- |
Industrial,
mining companies etc. |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Any other
agencies |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
a.
Preparation of
sketch map of the landscape
1. For zone of
influence
2. For zone of
influence
b.
Description of
Habitat types
1.
Habitat type:
Tank
2.
Local name (if any): Hebbal Kere
3.
Approximate total area (ha): 71 ha.
4.
Special significance of the habitat type (if any): Aesthetic & Recreational Value
5.
Management regimes: Lake Development Authority
6.
Goods and Services provided by the habitat: Recharges Open
Wells around the Tank, Provides Good Habitat for Breeding, nesting birds
7.
Bads and Disservices provided by the habitat: Weeds &
Urban Pollutants
8.
Significant ecological processes influenced by the
habitat type: NA.
9.
Significant man- induced processes influenced by
the habitat: No significant man –induced processes.
10.
Interacting individuals and institutions (Local): No interaction
of individuals & institutions.
11.
Activities:
Jogging, Angling, Weed Collection.
12.
Interacting individuals and institutions
(External): NA.
13.
Activities: NA.
c.
History of
important habitat patches over 10-15/40-50 years
1.
Type and name of the habitat patch: Aquatic Habitat – Hebbal Tank
2. Change in
i.
Area: Partially
shrunken due to encroachments at the peripheral region of the tank.
ii.
Vegetation strata: Planted native and exotic species at the
peripheral region and also on the island created by the department.
3. Aquatic habitat
change in
i.
Catchment area:
Shrunken.
ii.
Aquatic fauna: Depletion in the Fish Species
iii.
Aquatic flora: Invasion of Weeds
4.
Significant ecological processes influencing the
habitat patch: Augmenting Groundwater Level
5.
Significant man induced processes influencing the
habitat patch: Treated water pumped into the tank is
restoring the avifauna
6.
Productivity of Goods and Services: NA.
7.
Extent of Bads and Disservices: NA.
8.
Reasons for ongoing changes: No ongoing
changes.
9.
Gainers: The Local
Contractors and the Government Officials are the gainers when desilting of the
pond is undertaken using public money.
10.
Losers: Nil
11.
Desired changes/Desired future: Retain as Occurring Now
12.
Desired management system: As Per Lake Development Authority
13.
Suggested component for a feasible management plan
for that habitat patch: NA
LIFE SCAPE
|
Naturally occurring species of significance
1.
|
Pongamia pinnata |
Honge |
2.
|
Grevellia robusta |
Silver oak |
3.
|
Bambusa arundinacea |
Bidiru |
4.
|
Mangifera indica |
Maavu |
5.
|
Ficus benghalensis |
Aala |
6.
|
Eucalyptus sp. |
Nilgiri |
7.
|
Erythrina stricta |
Channe kai |
v Butterfly
1. |
Blue Bottle,
Common |
Graphium sarpedon |
2. |
Cerulean,
Common |
Jamides celeno |
3. |
Crimson Tip |
Colotis danae |
4. |
Crow, Common
Indian |
Euploea core |
5. |
Eggfly, Danaid |
Hypolimnas
misippus |
6. |
Emigrant,
Common |
Catopsilia
pomona |
7. |
Grass Yellow,
Common |
Eurema hecabe |
8. |
Jewel, Grass |
Freyeria
trochylus |
9. |
Jezebel, Common |
Delias eucharis |
10. |
Mormon, Blue |
Papilio
polymnestor |
11. |
Mormon, Common |
Papilio polytes |
12. |
Pansy, Lemon |
Junonia
lemonias |
13. |
Pansy, Yellow |
Junonia hierta |
14. |
Pierrot, Common |
Castalius
rosimon |
15. |
Pioneer |
Anaphaeis
aurota |
16. |
Rose, Crimson |
Pachliopta
hector |
17. |
Sailer, Common |
Neptis hylas |
18. |
Tiger, Blue |
Tirumala
linniace |
19. |
Tiger, Plain |
Danaus
chrysippus |
20. |
Tiger, Striped |
Danaus genutia |
21. |
Wanderer,
Common |
Pareronia
valeria |
1.
|
Bullfrog, Indian |
Rana tigrina |
v Lizards
1. |
Agama, Rock |
Psammophilus
dorsalis |
2. |
Garden Lizard |
|
v Snakes
1. |
Cobra,
Spectacled |
Naja naja |
2. |
Keelback,
Checkered |
Xenochrophis
piscator |
3. |
Rat Snake |
|
4. |
Russell’s Viper |
|
1.
|
Little Grebe |
Tachybaptus ruficollis |
2.
|
Great Cormorant |
Phalacrocorax carbo |
3.
|
Little Cormorant |
Phalacrocorax niger |
4.
|
Spot-Billed Pelican |
Pelecanus philippensis |
5.
|
Large Egret |
Casmerodius albus |
6.
|
Purple Heron |
Ardea purpurea |
7.
|
Grey Heron |
Ardea cinerea |
8.
|
Indian Pond Heron |
Ardeola grayii |
9.
|
Bubulcus ibis |
|
10.
|
Median Egret |
Mesophoyx intermedia |
11.
|
Little Egret |
Egretta garzetta |
12.
|
Painted Stork |
Mycteria leucocephala |
13.
|
Asian Openbill-Stork |
Anastomus oscitans |
14.
|
Oriental White Ibis |
Threskiornis melanocephalus |
15.
|
Northern Pintail |
Anas acuta |
16.
|
Common Teal |
Anas crecca |
17.
|
Spot-Billed Duck |
Anas poecilorhyncha |
18.
|
Northern Shoveller |
Anas clypeata |
19.
|
Garganey |
Anas querquedula |
20.
|
Common Pochard |
Aythya ferina |
21.
|
Black Shouldered Kite |
Elanus caeruleus |
22.
|
Black Kite |
Milvus migrans |
23.
|
Brahminy Kite |
Haliastur Indus |
24.
|
Shikra |
|
25.
|
Booted Eagle |
Hieraaetus pennatus |
26.
|
Western Marsh Harrier |
Circus aeruginosus |
27.
|
Egyptian Vulture |
Neophron percnopterus |
28.
|
White-Breasted Waterhen |
Amaurornis phoenicurus |
29.
|
Common Moorhen |
Gallinula chloropus |
30.
|
Purple Moorhen |
Porphyrio porphyrio |
31.
|
Common Coot |
Fulica atra |
32.
|
Pheasant Tailed Jacana |
Hydrophasianus chirurgus |
33.
|
Black-Winged Stilt |
Himantopus himantopus |
34.
|
Ret-Wattled Lapwing |
Vanellus indicus |
35.
|
Black-Tailed Godwit |
Limosa Limosa |
36.
|
Marsh Sandpiper |
Tringa stagnatilis |
37.
|
Common Greenshank |
Tringa nebularia |
38.
|
Common Sandpiper |
Actitis hypoleucos |
39.
|
Charadrius dubius |
|
40.
|
River Tern |
Sterna aurantia |
41.
|
Blue Rock Pigeon |
Columba livia |
42.
|
Spotted Dove |
Streptopelia chinensis |
43.
|
Little Brown Dove |
Streptopelia
senegalensis |
44.
|
Psittacula krameri |
|
45.
|
Indian Plaintive
Cuckoo |
Cacomantis passerinus |
46.
|
Pied Crested Cuckoo |
Clamator jacobinus |
47.
|
Asian Koel |
Eudynamys scolopacea |
48.
|
Lesser Coucal |
Centropus bengalensis |
49.
|
Barn Owl |
Tyto alba |
50.
|
Spotted Owlet |
Athene brama |
51.
|
House Swift |
Apus affinis |
52.
|
Lesser Pied Kingfisher |
Ceryle rudis |
53.
|
Small Blue Kingfisher |
Alcedo atthis |
54.
|
Halcyon smyrnensis |
|
55.
|
Small Bee-Eater |
Merops orientalis |
56.
|
Indian Roller |
Coracias benghalensis |
57.
|
Common Hoopoe |
|
58.
|
Coppersmith Barbet |
Megalaima haemacephala |
59.
|
White-Cheeked Barbet |
Megalaima viridis |
60.
|
Common Golden Backed
Woodpecker |
Dinopium javanense |
61.
|
Common Swallow |
Hirundo rustica |
62.
|
Red-Rumped Swallow |
Hirundo daurica |
63.
|
Rufous Backed Shrike |
Lanius schach |
64.
|
Brown Shrike |
Lanius cristatus |
65.
|
Eurasian Golden Oriole |
Oriolus oriolus |
66.
|
Black Drongo |
Dicrurus macrocercus |
67.
|
Ashy Drongo |
Dicrurus leucophaeus |
68.
|
Rosy Starling |
Sturnus roseus |
69.
|
Grey-Headed Starling |
Sturnus malabaricus |
70.
|
Common Myna |
Acridotheres tristis |
71.
|
Jungle Myna |
Acridotheres fuscus |
72.
|
Indian Treepie |
Dendrocitta vagabunda |
73.
|
House Crow |
Corvus splendens |
74.
|
Jungle Crow |
Corvus macrorphynchos |
75.
|
Red-Vented Bulbul |
Pycnonotus cafer |
76.
|
Red-Whiskered Bulbul |
Pycnonotus jocosus |
77.
|
White Headed Babbler |
Turdoides affinis |
78.
|
Plain Prinia |
Prinia inornata |
79.
|
Ashy Prinia |
Prinia socialis |
80.
|
Common Tailorbird |
Orthotomus sutorius |
81.
|
Blyth’s Reed-Warbler |
Acrocephalus dumetorum |
82.
|
Booted Warbler |
Hippolais caligata |
83.
|
Oriental Magpie-Robin |
Copsychus saularis |
84.
|
Pied Bushchat |
Saxicola caprata |
85.
|
Indian Robin |
Saxicoloides fulicata |
86.
|
Paddyfield Pipit |
Anthus rufulus |
87.
|
Tickell’s Flowerpecker |
Dicaeum
erythrorhynchos |
88.
|
Yellow Wagtail |
Motacilla flava |
89.
|
Grey Wagtail |
Motacilla cinerea |
90.
|
White Wagtail |
Motacilla alba |
91.
|
Large Pied Wagtail |
Motacilla
maderaspatensis |
92.
|
Purple-Rumped Sunbird |
Nectarinia zeylonica |
93.
|
Baya Weaver |
Ploceus philippinus |
94.
|
Spotted Munia |
Lonchura punctulata |
95.
|
White-throated Munia |
Lonchura malabarica |
1. |
Squirrel, Three
Striped Palm |
Funambulus
palmarum |
2. |
Bat, Fruit |
Rousettus
leschenaultii |
a.
Additional
information on species of significance
1.
Most common local name of the species (Language):
2. Scientific name
of the species: See the table above.
3.
Habitat favoured:
Tank
4.
Value to local community: Not much use.
5.
Major uses/ill effects:
6. Value of global
relevance (as Rare, Threatened or Endangered):
Rare |
Threatened |
Endangered |
Northern
Pintail |
|
|
Northern
Shoveller |
|
|
Painted Stork |
|
|
Asian Openbill
Stork |
|
|
|
|
|
b.
Inventory of
significant varieties of domestic plants/animals:
1.
Local name of Species: NA.
2.
Scientific name of species: NA.
3.
Local name of variety: NA.
4.
Language employed: NA.
5.
Distinctive features of the species/varieties: NA.
6.
Value to local community: NA.
7.
Major uses: NA.
8.
Value of global relevance (as rare, threatened or
endemic etc.): NA.
c.
History of
significant species/varieties
1.
Most common name of the species: NA.
2.
Scientific name: NA.
3.
Most common local name of variety: NA.
4.
Existing management authority: NA.
5.
Fish breeding season: NA.
6.
Fishing methods (Types of nets used): NA.
7.
Existing management authority: NA.
8.
Current level of abundance: NA.
9.
Trend in abundance in last 10-15/40-50 years: NA.
10.
Significant ecological processes influencing the
species/varieties: NA.
11.
Significance man induced processes influencing the
species/variety: NA.
12.
Reasons for the ongoing change: NA.
13.
Gainers (Internal/External): NA.
14.
Losers (Internal/External): NA.
15.
Desired changes/Desired future: NA.
16.
Desired management system: NA.
17.
Suggested component for a feasible management plan
for the species/variety: NA.
a.
Perspectives of
others
1.
Desired response options of different members of
local or outside communities/institutions/government agencies/industrial or
mining undertaking etc. to be recorded):
2.
Significance of management issues and response
options:
3. Management issues
pertaining to:
a. Habitat and/or:
b. Species/variety:
4.
Customary/Administrative:
Customary: Nil
Administrative: Lake Development
Authority desilted the tank three years back.
Sewage water is being treated and let into the tank.
5. Since how long
the arrangements have been in practice: Three Years
6. Changes if any in
management pattern over last 10-15/40-50 years: Now taken over by Lake Development Authority
7. Desired changes/Desired
future: To be maintained as Exists
8. Desired
management system: Lake Development Authority could continue to maintain water level, water
quality and protection of birds.
b.
Perspectives of
Investigators: Lake Development
Authority should continue to maintain water level, water quality and protection
of birds.
c.
Desired and
feasible pattern of management that should be promoted in the opinion of the
investigators: De-weeding,
Proper Protection, Regulated Movements of Public.
d.
Suggested
strategy for promoting these desired patterns of management and the
communication needs for the purpose: To be implemented
the above by LDA.
e.
Cultural,
religious, recreational, scenic, tourist significance of the hotspot: It harbours many
numbers of Birds, visitors come to see & relax.
f.
Ecological
evaluation of the hotspot: To be protected
as it harbours more that 40 species of water birds.
g.
Suggested follow
up investigations: Periodical
monitoring and inventory of water birds.
h.
Any other
suggested follow up:
–
Educate
locals about conservation.
–
Take
locals into confidence.
–
Organize
educational tours to the hotspot.
–
Periodic
census for flora and fauna to be carried out.