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BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT
Hebbal Tank
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION

 

1.      Name of the Hotspot: Hebbal Tank.

 

2.      Focal species: 

 

a.      Plants

Typha angustata, Cyperus haspan, Bacoppa monerii, Jussea repens, Vallisneria sp., Hydrilla sp., Chara sp.

      (List attached)

 

b.     Mammals:

Three Striped Palm Squirrel, Fruit Bat

 

c.       Reptiles:  

Gecko, Rat Snake, Cobra, Checkered Keelback, Russel’s Viper, Skink

(List attached)

 

d.     Birds:  

Northern Pintail, Northern Shoveller, Garganey, Pochard, Painted Stork, Grey Heron, Common Teal.

(List attached)

 

e.      Fishes:  

 

 (Source Mr. Chandrashekariah & Mr. Rahman)

 

3.      Coordinating Team: None

 

4.      Investigating Team: Manjunath P., Pramod Subbarao & Harish Bhat

       Experience/expertise:  Naturalists and Researcher

 

5.      Dates of data collection: 18-01-2004 & 25-01-2004

 

6.      Process of data collection: Field visits, Interviews.

 

7.      Sources of information: Knowledgeable Individuals, Experts & Officials

 

8.      Number of man-days consumed in data collection: 6 Days

SETTING

 

1.      Location: Hebbal Tank Bangalore North, Bangalore Urban District

 

2.      Area (in ha or sq.km.): 71 ha.

 

3.      Latitude/Longitude/Altitude: 

Latitude: 13° 03‘ N

Longitude:77° 35’ E

Altitude:

Temperature: 13°C - 34°C

Rainfall: 380 mm Approx.

 

4.      Village/Town/Taluk/District:  Hebbal, Bangalore Urban District

 

5.      Maps (kind of map and the scale):

 

6.      Mode of access (Distance from Railway/Bus station):

 

Distance From

Bus Station

(in kms)

Railway Station

(in kms)

Bangalore

7

-

 

Nearest Airports: Bangalore

           

7.      Facilities to stay closest to the hotspot:  Nil

 

8.      Tariff (if any) to be paid to visit the Hotspots:  None

 

9.      Controlling Authorities: Lake Development Authority

 

10.  Classes of Landscape:  Plain Land & Tank

 

11.  Water bodies:  Tank

 

12.  Human populations: No human settlement within the hotspot.

 

13.  Presence of Scheduled tribes or Nomadic tribes population:  None

 

14.  Livestock: Occasional grazing at the peripheral region

 

15.  Irrigation status & Major crops:  Non-existent.

 

16.  Significant forest produce:  Nil

 

17.  Quantities recorded at the Range or Divisional Forest Offices:  Nil

 

18.  Cooperative societies and their transactions: NA.

 

19.  Significant fresh water fish productions:  NA.

 

20.  Disposal of fishing rights (Leasing/Auctioning/License): NA.

 

21.  Significant estuarine & marine fish/shell fish productions: NA.

 

22.  Number and type of fishing crafts: NA.

 

23.  Nearest Fishing landing centres: NA.

 

24.  Availability of fish processing facilities: NA.

 

25.  Mining and quarrying activities: NA.

 

26.  Sources & extent of Air and Water pollution: NA.

 

27.  Prevalence of Human diseases: NA.

 

28.  Prevalence of Livestock diseases: NA,

 

29.  Educational institutions: None

 

30.  Cooperative societies: None

 

31.  Youth clubs: NA.

 

32.  Ladies clubs: NA.

 

33.  Active NGOs: Green Cross, INCERT.

 

 


 

THREATS AND SUPPORTIVE RESTORATION ACTIVITIES

 

Inventory of two kinds of activities affecting the core area as well as zone of influence

 

Table – 1

 

Name of individual/institutions/agency

Activity with a positive influence on core area

Activity with a negative influence on core area

Activity with a positive influence on zone of influence

Activity with a negative influence on the zone of influence

1

2

3

4

5

6

Local individuals

-

-

-

-

-

Local institutions

Green Cross, Bangalore

Inventory & Monitoring of Birds

-

-

-

Outside individuals

-

-

-

-

Collecting grass and hunting birds

Outside institutions

-

-

-

-

-

Government agencies

LDA and KFD

-

-

Protecting the tank

-

Industrial, mining companies etc.

-

-

-

-

-

Any other agencies

-

-

-

-

-

 

 


 

HABITATS

 

 

a.      Preparation of sketch map of the landscape

1.      For zone of influence

2.      For zone of influence

 

b.     Description of Habitat types

 

1.      Habitat type:  Tank

 

2.      Local name (if any):  Hebbal Kere

 

3.      Approximate total area (ha): 71 ha.

 

4.      Special significance of the habitat type (if any):  Aesthetic & Recreational Value

 

5.      Management regimes:  Lake Development Authority

 

6.      Goods and Services provided by the habitat: Recharges Open Wells around the Tank, Provides Good Habitat for Breeding, nesting birds

 

7.      Bads and Disservices provided by the habitat: Weeds & Urban Pollutants

 

8.      Significant ecological processes influenced by the habitat type:  NA.

 

9.      Significant man- induced processes influenced by the habitat: No significant man –induced processes.

 

10.  Interacting individuals and institutions (Local): No interaction of individuals & institutions.

 

11.  Activities:  Jogging, Angling, Weed Collection.

 

12.  Interacting individuals and institutions (External): NA.

 

13.  Activities: NA.

 

c.       History of important habitat patches over 10-15/40-50 years

 

1.      Type and name of the habitat patch:  Aquatic Habitat – Hebbal Tank

 

2.      Change in

i.                    Area:  Partially shrunken due to encroachments at the peripheral region of the tank.

ii.                 Vegetation strata:  Planted native and exotic species at the peripheral region and also on the island created by the department.

 

3.      Aquatic habitat change in

i.                    Catchment area:  Shrunken.

ii.                 Aquatic fauna: Depletion in the Fish Species

iii.               Aquatic flora: Invasion of Weeds

 

4.      Significant ecological processes influencing the habitat patch:  Augmenting Groundwater Level

 

5.      Significant man induced processes influencing the habitat patch: Treated water pumped into the tank is restoring the avifauna

 

6.      Productivity of Goods and Services: NA.

 

7.      Extent of Bads and Disservices: NA.

 

8.      Reasons for ongoing changes: No ongoing changes.

 

9.      Gainers:  The Local Contractors and the Government Officials are the gainers when desilting of the pond is undertaken using public money.

 

10.  Losers:  Nil

 

11.  Desired changes/Desired future: Retain as Occurring Now

 

12.  Desired management system:  As Per Lake Development Authority

 

13.  Suggested component for a feasible management plan for that habitat patch:  NA

 

LIFE SCAPE


Naturally occurring species of significance

1.      Flowering plants:

1.       

Pongamia pinnata

Honge

2.       

Grevellia robusta

Silver oak

3.       

Bambusa arundinacea

Bidiru

4.       

Mangifera indica

Maavu

5.       

Ficus benghalensis

Aala

6.       

Eucalyptus sp.

Nilgiri

7.       

Erythrina stricta

Channe kai

2.      Lichens:

3.      Annelida:

4.      Insects:

v     Butterfly

1.       

Blue Bottle, Common

  Graphium sarpedon

2.       

Cerulean, Common

Jamides celeno

3.       

Crimson Tip

Colotis danae

4.       

Crow, Common Indian

  Euploea core

5.       

Eggfly, Danaid

Hypolimnas misippus

6.       

Emigrant, Common

Catopsilia pomona

7.       

Grass Yellow, Common

Eurema hecabe

8.       

Jewel, Grass

Freyeria trochylus

9.       

Jezebel, Common

Delias eucharis

10.   

Mormon, Blue

Papilio polymnestor

11.   

Mormon, Common

Papilio polytes

12.   

Pansy, Lemon

Junonia lemonias

13.   

Pansy, Yellow

Junonia hierta

14.   

Pierrot, Common

Castalius rosimon

15.   

Pioneer

Anaphaeis aurota

16.   

Rose, Crimson

Pachliopta hector

17.   

Sailer, Common

Neptis hylas

18.   

Tiger, Blue

Tirumala linniace

19.   

Tiger, Plain

Danaus chrysippus

20.   

Tiger, Striped

Danaus genutia

21.   

Wanderer, Common

Pareronia valeria

5.      Crustacea: Crabs

6.      Fishes:

9.      Amphibians:

1.       

Bullfrog, Indian

Rana tigrina

10.  Reptiles:

v     Lizards

1.       

Agama, Rock

Psammophilus dorsalis

2.       

Garden Lizard

 

v     Snakes

1.       

Cobra, Spectacled

Naja naja

2.       

Keelback, Checkered

Xenochrophis piscator

3.       

Rat Snake

 

4.       

Russell’s Viper

 

11.      Birds:

1.       

Little Grebe

Tachybaptus ruficollis

2.       

Great Cormorant

Phalacrocorax carbo

3.       

Little Cormorant

Phalacrocorax niger

4.       

Spot-Billed Pelican

Pelecanus philippensis

5.       

Large Egret

Casmerodius albus

6.       

Purple Heron

Ardea purpurea

7.       

Grey Heron

Ardea cinerea

8.       

Indian Pond Heron

Ardeola grayii

9.       

Cattle Egret

Bubulcus ibis

10.   

Median Egret

Mesophoyx intermedia

11.   

Little Egret

Egretta garzetta

12.   

Painted Stork

Mycteria leucocephala

13.   

Asian Openbill-Stork

Anastomus oscitans

14.   

Oriental White Ibis

Threskiornis melanocephalus

15.   

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

16.   

Common Teal

Anas crecca

17.   

Spot-Billed Duck

Anas poecilorhyncha

18.   

Northern Shoveller

Anas clypeata

19.   

Garganey

Anas querquedula

20.   

Common Pochard

Aythya ferina

21.   

Black Shouldered Kite

Elanus caeruleus

22.   

Black Kite

Milvus migrans

23.   

Brahminy Kite

Haliastur Indus

24.   

Shikra

Accipiter badius

25.   

Booted Eagle

Hieraaetus pennatus

26.   

Western Marsh Harrier

Circus aeruginosus

27.   

Egyptian Vulture

Neophron percnopterus

28.   

White-Breasted Waterhen

Amaurornis phoenicurus

29.   

Common Moorhen

Gallinula chloropus

30.   

Purple Moorhen

Porphyrio porphyrio

31.   

Common Coot

Fulica atra

32.   

Pheasant Tailed Jacana

Hydrophasianus chirurgus

33.   

Black-Winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

34.   

Ret-Wattled Lapwing

Vanellus indicus

35.   

Black-Tailed Godwit

Limosa Limosa

36.   

Marsh Sandpiper

Tringa stagnatilis

37.   

Common Greenshank

Tringa nebularia

38.   

Common Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

39.   

Little Ringed Plover

Charadrius dubius

40.   

River Tern

Sterna aurantia

41.   

Blue Rock Pigeon

Columba livia

42.   

Spotted Dove

Streptopelia chinensis

43.   

Little Brown Dove

Streptopelia senegalensis

44.   

Rose Ringed Parakeet

Psittacula krameri

45.   

Indian Plaintive Cuckoo

Cacomantis passerinus

46.   

Pied Crested Cuckoo

Clamator jacobinus

47.   

Asian Koel

Eudynamys scolopacea

48.   

Lesser Coucal

Centropus bengalensis

49.   

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

50.   

Spotted Owlet

Athene brama

51.   

House Swift

Apus affinis

52.   

Lesser Pied Kingfisher

Ceryle rudis

53.   

Small Blue Kingfisher

Alcedo atthis

54.   

White-Breasted Kingfisher

Halcyon smyrnensis

55.   

Small Bee-Eater

Merops orientalis

56.   

Indian Roller

Coracias benghalensis

57.   

Common Hoopoe

Upupa epops

58.   

Coppersmith Barbet

Megalaima haemacephala

59.   

White-Cheeked Barbet

Megalaima viridis

60.   

Common Golden Backed Woodpecker

Dinopium javanense

61.   

Common Swallow

Hirundo rustica

62.   

Red-Rumped Swallow

Hirundo daurica

63.   

Rufous Backed Shrike

Lanius schach

64.   

Brown Shrike

Lanius cristatus

65.   

Eurasian Golden Oriole

Oriolus oriolus

66.   

Black Drongo

Dicrurus macrocercus

67.   

Ashy Drongo

Dicrurus leucophaeus

68.   

Rosy Starling

Sturnus roseus

69.   

Grey-Headed Starling

Sturnus malabaricus

70.   

Common Myna

Acridotheres tristis

71.   

Jungle Myna

Acridotheres fuscus

72.   

Indian Treepie

Dendrocitta vagabunda

73.   

House Crow

Corvus splendens

74.   

Jungle Crow

Corvus macrorphynchos

75.   

Red-Vented Bulbul

Pycnonotus cafer

76.   

Red-Whiskered Bulbul

Pycnonotus jocosus

77.   

White Headed Babbler

Turdoides affinis

78.   

Plain Prinia

Prinia inornata

79.   

Ashy Prinia

Prinia socialis

80.   

Common Tailorbird

Orthotomus sutorius

81.   

Blyth’s Reed-Warbler

Acrocephalus dumetorum

82.   

Booted Warbler

Hippolais caligata

83.   

Oriental Magpie-Robin

Copsychus saularis

84.   

Pied Bushchat

Saxicola caprata

85.   

Indian Robin

Saxicoloides fulicata

86.   

Paddyfield Pipit

Anthus rufulus

87.   

Tickell’s Flowerpecker

Dicaeum erythrorhynchos

88.   

Yellow Wagtail

Motacilla flava

89.   

Grey Wagtail

Motacilla cinerea

90.   

White Wagtail

Motacilla alba

91.   

Large Pied Wagtail

Motacilla maderaspatensis

92.   

Purple-Rumped Sunbird

Nectarinia zeylonica

93.   

Baya Weaver

Ploceus philippinus

94.   

Spotted Munia

Lonchura punctulata

95.   

White-throated Munia

Lonchura malabarica

 

12.  Mammals:

 

1.       

Squirrel, Three Striped Palm

Funambulus palmarum

2.       

Bat, Fruit

Rousettus leschenaultii

 

a.      Additional information on species of significance

 

1.      Most common local name of the species (Language):

 

2.      Scientific name of the species: See the table above.

 

3.      Habitat favoured:  Tank

 

4.      Value to local community: Not much use.

 

5.      Major uses/ill effects:

 

6.      Value of global relevance (as Rare, Threatened or Endangered):

 

Rare

Threatened

Endangered

Northern Pintail

 

 

Northern Shoveller

 

 

Painted Stork

 

 

Asian Openbill Stork

 

 

 

 

 

 

b.     Inventory of significant varieties of domestic plants/animals:

 

1.      Local name of Species:  NA.

 

2.      Scientific name of species: NA.

 

3.      Local name of variety:  NA.

 

4.      Language employed: NA.

 

5.      Distinctive features of the species/varieties: NA.

 

6.      Value to local community: NA.

 

7.      Major uses: NA.

 

8.      Value of global relevance (as rare, threatened or endemic etc.): NA.

 

c.       History of significant species/varieties

 

1.      Most common name of the species: NA.

 

2.      Scientific name: NA.

 

3.      Most common local name of variety: NA.

 

4.      Existing management authority: NA.

 

5.      Fish breeding season: NA.

 

6.      Fishing methods (Types of nets used): NA.

 

7.      Existing management authority: NA.

 

8.      Current level of abundance: NA.

 

9.      Trend in abundance in last 10-15/40-50 years: NA.

 

10.  Significant ecological processes influencing the species/varieties: NA.

 

11.  Significance man induced processes influencing the species/variety: NA.

 

12.  Reasons for the ongoing change: NA.

 

13.  Gainers (Internal/External): NA.

 

14.  Losers (Internal/External): NA.

 

15.  Desired changes/Desired future: NA.

 

16.  Desired management system: NA.

 

17.  Suggested component for a feasible management plan for the species/variety: NA.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

a.      Perspectives of others

1.      Desired response options of different members of local or outside communities/institutions/government agencies/industrial or mining undertaking etc. to be recorded):

 

2.      Significance of management issues and response options:

 

3.      Management issues pertaining to:                      

a.      Habitat and/or:

b.     Species/variety:

         

4.      Customary/Administrative:          

Customary:  Nil

Administrative:  Lake Development Authority desilted the tank three years back.  Sewage water is being treated and let into the tank.

 

5.      Since how long the arrangements have been in practice:  Three Years

 

6.      Changes if any in management pattern over last 10-15/40-50 years:  Now taken over by Lake Development Authority

 

7.      Desired changes/Desired future:  To be maintained as Exists

 

8.      Desired management system:  Lake Development Authority could continue to maintain water level, water quality and protection of birds.

 

b.     Perspectives of Investigators:  Lake Development Authority should continue to maintain water level, water quality and protection of birds.

 

c.       Desired and feasible pattern of management that should be promoted in the opinion of the investigators:  De-weeding, Proper Protection, Regulated Movements of Public.

 

d.     Suggested strategy for promoting these desired patterns of management and the communication needs for the purpose:  To be implemented the above by LDA.

 

e.      Cultural, religious, recreational, scenic, tourist significance of the hotspot: It harbours many numbers of Birds, visitors come to see & relax.

 

f.       Ecological evaluation of the hotspot:  To be protected as it harbours more that 40 species of water birds.

 

g.      Suggested follow up investigations:  Periodical monitoring and inventory of water birds.

 

h.     Any other suggested follow up:

 

       Educate locals about conservation.

       Take locals into confidence.

       Organize educational tours to the hotspot.

       Periodic census for flora and fauna to be carried out.

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