AQUATIC
HOTSPOT
Chunchunkatte |
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION |
Name of the Hotspot: | Chunchunkatte |
Focal species: | Mahseer Tor khudree (Sykes) |
Coordinating team: | Dr. Madhav Gadgil and team |
Investigating team: | H.N. Chandrashekaraiah,M.F. Rahman, K. Sham Bhat & G.V. Kowtal. |
Date of data collection: | 29.11.2003 - 30.11.2003 |
Process of data collection: | Field visits and interviews |
Source of information: | Shri. H.S Mahadeva, Assistant Director of Fisheries, K.R. Nagar, Rama, Shekhar, Shivappa, Annaiya Burudebestha fishermen Hunsur ; Anjana Mahila Meenugarara Sangha, Hampapura, Fishermen Cooperative society, Hampapura |
Number of man-days consumed in data collection: | 16 man days |
SETTING |
Location | Across river Cauvery at Chunchunkatte |
Area (in ha, or sq Km) | 5 ha |
Latitude / Longitude / Altitude | Lat. 120 - 29' / Long 760 - 23' / Alt |
Village/ Town / Taluk / District | Chunchunkatte/ Chunchunkatte / K.R Nagar / Mysore |
Maps (Kind of maps and the scale | Enclosed |
Mode of access (Distance from Railway station / Bus station ) | 16 Km from K.R Nagar- Hassan Road,K.R. Nagar R/y. Statiom - 16 Km |
Facilities to stay closest to the Hotspot | At K.R. Nagar there is a P.W.D Inspection bungalow |
Tariff (if any) to be paid to visit the Hotspot | Nil |
Controlling authorities | Department of Fisheries |
Classes of landscape | Rocky river bed and surrounded by boulders |
Water bodies | River Cauvery |
Human populations | 1000 |
Presence of scheduled tribes or Nomadic tribes population | 20 |
Livestock | Cattle, Buffalows, Sheep, Goats Poultry, Piggery |
Irrigation status and major corps | Paddy, Sugar cane, Maize, Ragi. |
Significant forest produce | Not Applicable |
Cooperative Societies and their transactions. | Hampapura Fishermen Cooperative Society Hampapura Anjana Meenugarara Sangha, Hampapur Conduct fishing in K.R Sagar reservoir and river Cauvery. Availed assistance of Rs. 2.00 Lakhs from Fisheries Co-Operative Federation, Mysore for procuring nets, coracles, etc. They have built their own building at a cost of Rs. 1.00 lakh to house Fishermen and Fisherwomen Cooperative Societies. Fisherwomen have Rs. 50,000/- in their society. They provide loan to its members up to Rs. 5000/- at 3% interest. Provide loans for marriages, etc. |
Significant freshwater fish productions | Major carps indigenous carps, catfishes and exotic craps (Common carp, Tilapia) |
Disposal of fishing rights (Leasing / Auctioning / Licences) | By issue of licences by the Dept. of Fisheries |
Number and types of fishing crafts | Coracles |
Nearest fish landing centres | Chunchunkatte, K.R. Nagar, Hampapura |
Availability of fish processing facilities | Nil. Fish caught is being sold in fresh condition at Chunchunkatte, K.R. Nagar, Hampapur |
Mining and quarrying activities | Nil |
Sources and extent of air and water pollution | Nil |
Prevalence of human diseases | Not on record |
Prevalence of livestock diseases | Not on record except stray cases of mouth and leg diseases in cattle |
Educational Institutions | Pre-primary School -Secondary School - High Secondary School |
Cooperative Societies | 1. Anjana
Mahila Meenugarara Sangha, Hampapura 2 Fishermen Cooperative Society, Hampapura. |
Youth clubs | No |
Ladies clubs | No |
Active NGOs | No |
THREATS AND SUPPORTIVE RESTORATION ACTIVITIES |
Name of individual
/ institution / agency. |
Activity
with a positive influence on core area |
Activity
with a negative influence on core area |
Activity with a positive influence on zone of influence |
Activity
with a negative influence on zone of influence |
|
Local
individuals |
Fishermen
|
|
Fishing
|
Fishermen
|
Fishing
|
Local
institutions |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
|
Nil
|
Outside
individuals |
Burde
Besthas Nomadic fisher men |
- |
Fishing
|
- |
Fishing
|
Outside
institutions |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
Government
agencies |
Department of Fisheries |
Stocking of carps |
Issues
Licences |
Nil
|
Issue
of Licences |
Industrial,
mining companies, etc |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
Nil |
Any
other agency |
M/S
Graphite India has constructed an
Anecut for drawal
of water for Hydro- power generation |
Nil |
Reduces
the water flow at Chunchunkatte Falls |
Nil |
Reduced
water level leads to indiscriminate
fishing |
LIST OF KNOWLEDGE INDIVIDUALS |
Name
|
Age
|
Sex
|
Community
|
Address
|
H. S Mahadeva | 40 | M | Asst. Director of Fisheries, K.R. Nagar - 958223 | |
Rama | 38 | M | Tribal fishermen | Hunsur |
Shekhar | 35 | M | Tribal fishermen | Hunsur |
Shivappa | 41 | M | Tribal fishermen | Hunsur |
Annaiya | 34 | M | Tribal fishermen | Hunsur |
Fishermen Cooperative society | M | Hampapura | ||
Anjana Mahila Meenugarara Sangha | M | Hampapura | ||
Shri. Kattimani | M | Fishermen |
HABITATS |
Preparation of sketch map of the landscape: | ||
1 | For zone of influence – upstream | Enclosed |
2 | For zone of influence – Down stream | Enclosed |
B | Description of Habitat types | |
1 | Habitat name | Chunchunkatte Falls |
2 | Local name (if any) | Seethe – Bachalu |
3 | Approximate total area (ha.) | 5 ha. |
4 | Special significance of the habitat type (if any) | Because of the ‘Falls’, the fishes, congregate during monsoon at the foot of the ‘Falls’ where fishes are indiscriminately caught.Even brood stocks are caught. |
5 | Management regimes | Licencing |
6 | Goods and services provided by the habitat | Fishery |
7 | Bads and Disservices provided by the habitat | Nil |
8 | Significant ecological processes influenced by the habitat type | Rocky terrian with water ‘fall’ provides scope for fish congregation facilitating their easy harvest. |
9 | Significant man induced processes influenced by the habitat type | Nil |
10 | Interacting individuals and institution(Local) | Members of Fishermen Cooperative Societies.M/s Graphite India,Department of Fisheries.M/sGraphite India is drawing water from the upstream stretch of the river for Hydro-power generation. |
11 | Activities | Department of Fisheries is issuing Licences for fishermen to conduct fishing using small meshed nets, all round the year |
12 | Interacting individuals and institutions (External) | Migratory fishermen, tourists, and pilgrims. |
13 | Activities | Fishing Dynamiting, etc. |
C | History of important habitatPatches over 10 – 15 / 40-50 years | |
1 | Type and name of the habitat patch | Chunchunkatte Falls |
2 | Change in:- | |
i. | Area | Not significant |
ii. | Vegetation strata | Very little change |
3. | Aquatic habitat change in :- | |
i. | Catchment area | Nil |
ii. | Aquatic fauna | Reported to have drastically changed |
iii. | Aquatic flora | Very little change |
4. | Significant ecological processes influencing the habitat patch | Low water during summer months affects fishery of the area |
LIFE SCAPE |
a.
Naturally occurring species of significance : -
i. PLANKTON: | |
PHYTOPLANKTON : | |
Chlorophyceae : Spirogyra | |
Bacillariophyceae : Synedra | |
Fragillaria | |
ZOOPLANKTON : | |
Copepoda : Cyclops | |
Cladocera : Daphnia | |
ii. BENTHOS : | |
Insects : | |
Order : Odonata | |
Suborder : Anisoptera | |
Family : LIBELLULIDAE | |
1. Urothemis
signata (Rambur) |
|
Order : Hemiptera | |
Family : GERRIDAE | |
2. Gerris spinolae Leth & Sev | |
Family : NOTONECTIDAE | |
3. Notonecta glauca Linnaeus | |
Family : NEPIDAE | |
4. Hydrometra elongata Fabricius | |
Family : BELOSTOMATIDAE | |
5. Diplonychus annulatum Fabricius | |
Family : CORIXIDAE | |
6. Corixa hieroglyphica Duf | |
7. Micronecta merope Dist | |
Order : Coleoptera | |
Family : DYTISCIDAE | |
8. Dytiscus limbatus Fabricius | |
Molluscs : | |
Class : Gastropoda | |
Subclass : Prosobranchia | |
Order : Mesogastropoda | |
Family : VIVIPARIDAE | |
Subfamily : Bellamyinae | |
Genus : Bellamya Jousseaune | |
1.
Bellamya bengalensis
(Lamarck) |
|
Family : THIARIDAE | |
Subfamily : Thiarinae s. str | |
Genus : Thiara Roding | |
Subgenus : Thiara s. str | |
2. Thiara (Thiara) scabra (Mueller) | |
Subgenus : Melanoides Olivier | |
3. Thiara (Melanoides)tuberculata (Mueller) | |
Subfamily : Melanotriinae | |
Genus : Sulcospira Troschel | |
4. Sulcospira hugeli Philipi | |
Class : Bivalvia | |
Subclass : Paleoheterodonta | |
Order : Unionida | |
Family : UNIONIDAE | |
Subfamily : Unioninae | |
Genus : Lamellidens Simpson | |
5. Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck) | |
Subclass : Heterodonta | |
Order : Veneroida | |
Family : CORBICULIDAE | |
Genus : Corbicula Megerle von. Muehlfeld | |
6. Corbicula striatella Deshayes | |
CRUSTACEA
: |
|
Class : Crustacea | |
Subclass : Malacostraca | |
Order : Decapoda | |
Family : PALAEMONIDAE | |
1. Macrobrachium spp | |
2. Caridi na spp | |
iii.AQUATIC WEEDS: | |
Family : CONVOLVULACEAE | |
Genus : Ipomoea | |
1. Ipomoea aquatica Forsk | |
Family : HYDROCHARITACEAE | |
Genus : Vallisneria | |
2. Vallisneria spiralis Linnaeus | |
Family : CYPERACEAE | |
Genus : Cyperus | |
3. Cyperus distans Linnaeus | |
iv. FISH SPECIES : | |
Order : Osteoglossiformes | |
Suborder : Notopteroidei | |
Family : NOTOPTERIDAE | |
Genus : Notopterus Lacepede | |
1. Notopterus notopterus [Comname: Gary Feather back, Kannada: Chappali] | |
Order : Cypriniformes | |
Family : CYPRINIDAE | |
Subfamily: Danioninae (=Rasborinae) | |
Tribe : Oxygasterini | |
Genus : Salmostoma Swainson | |
2. Salmostoma acinaces [Comname: Silver razorbelly minnow, Kannada: Sampaj] | |
3. Salmostoma untrachi (Day) [Comname: Mahnadi razor -belly minnow, Kannada: Chalake] | |
Tribe : Danionini | |
Genus : Rasbora Bleeker | |
4 Rasbora daniconius (Hamilton - Buchanan) [Comname: Black line Rasbora, Kannada: Golai] | |
Subfamily: Cyprininae | |
Tribe : Cyprinini | |
Subtribe : Cyprini | |
Genus : Cyprinus Linnaeus | |
5. Cyprinus carpio, communis Linnaeus, [Comname: Common carp, Kannada: Samanya Gende] | |
Subtribe : Tores | |
Genus : Tor Gray | |
6. Torhudree (Sykes), [Comname: Deccan Mahseer, Kannada: Bili -meenu ] | |
Tribe : Systomini | |
Subtribe : Systomi | |
Genus : Puntius Hamilton-Buchanan | |
7. Puntius carnatious (Hamilton-Buchanan), [Comname: Carnatic carp, Kannada: Machalu] | |
8. Puntius sarana sarana (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Olive Barb, Kannada: Gende] | |
9. Puntius sophore (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Spot-fin swampy barb, Kannada: Gud Pakke] | |
10. Puntius ticto (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Ticto Barb, Kannada: Bud Pakke] | |
Genus : Gonoproktopterus Bleeker | |
11. Gonoproktopterus dubius (Day), [Comname: Niligiri carp, Kannada: Koorlu meenu] | |
12. Gonoproktopterus micropogon micropogon (Valenciennes), [Comname: Korhi Barb, Kannada: Chitta koorlu] | |
Tribe : Labeonini | |
Subtribe : Labeones | |
Genus : Cirrhinus Oken | |
13 Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Mrigal, Kannada: Mrisal] | |
14. Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Reba, Kannada: Arja] | |
Genus : Catla Valenciennes | |
15. Catla catla (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Catla, Kannada: Catla] | |
Genus : Labeo Cuvier | |
16. Labeo calbasu (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Calbasu, Kannada: Kage] | |
17. Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch), [Comname: Fimbriatus, Kannada: Kem-meenu] | |
18. Labeo rohita (Hamilton-Buchanan), [Comname: FimbriatusRohu, Kannada: Kem-meenuRohu] | |
Subfamily: Oreininae | |
Genus : Garra Hamilton-Buchanan | |
19. Garra gotlya stenorhynchus (Jerdon), [Comname: Nilgiri Garra, Kannada: Kallu korava] | |
Family : BALITORIDAE | |
Subfamily: Nemacheilinae | |
Genus : Schistura McClelland | |
20. Schistura denisoni denisoni (Day), [Comname: Nilgiri Garra, Kannada: Murangi] | |
Order : Siluriformes | |
Family : BAGRIDAE | |
Subfamily: Bagrinae | |
Genus : Mystus Scopoli | |
21. Mystus cavasius (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Gangetic Mystus, Kannada: Girlu] | |
22. Mystus punctatus (Jerdon), [Comname: Nilgiri Mystus, Kannada: Kattalu] | |
Genus : Aorichthys Wu | |
23. Aorichthys seenghala (Sykes), [Comname: Giant river- catfish, Kannada: Bili - Suragi] | |
Family : SILURIDAE | |
Genus : Ompok Lacepede | |
24. Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch), [Comname: Butter fish, Kannada: Godle] | |
Genus : Wallago Bleeker | |
25. Wallago attu (Schneider), [Comname: Fresh water Shark, Kannada: Balae] | |
Family : CLARIIDAE | |
Genus : Clarias Scopoli | |
26. Claria batrachus Linnaeus [Comname: Magur, Kannada: Ane-meenu] | |
Family : HETEROPNEUSTIDAE | |
Genus : Heteropneustes Muller | |
27. Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch), [Comname: Singhi, Kannada: Chelu meenu] | |
Order : Mugiliformes | |
Family : MUGILIDAE | |
Genus : Rhinomugil Gill | |
28. Rhinomugil corsula (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Corsula Mullet, Kannada: Natti kannu] | |
Order : Cyprinodontiformes | |
Family : APLOCHEILIDAE | |
Subfamily: Aplocheilinae | |
Genus : Aplocheilus McClelland | |
29. Aplocheilus lineatus (Valenciennes), [Comname: Killi-fish, Kannada: Moogu malli] | |
Order : Synbranchiformes | |
Suborder : Mastacembeloidei | |
Family : MASTACEMBELIDAE | |
Subfamily: Mastacembelinae | |
Genus : Mastacembelus Scopoli | |
30. Mastacembelus armatus Lacepede , [Comname: Spiny Eel, Kannada: Havu meenu] | |
Order : Perciformes | |
Suborder : Percoidei | |
Family : CHANDIDAE(=AMBASSIDAE) | |
Genus : Chanda Hamilton Buchanan | |
31. Chanda nama Hamilton - Buchanan, [Comname: Elongate Glass Perchlet, Kannada: Bachinke] | |
Genus : Parambasis Bleeker | |
32. Parambassis ranga (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Glass fish, Kannada: Bachinke] | |
Suborder : Labroidei | |
Family : CICHLIDAE | |
Genus : Orecochromis Gunther | |
33. Oreochromis mossambica (Peters), [Comname: Tilapia, Kannada: Tilapia] | |
Suborder : Globioidei | |
Family : GOBIIDAE | |
Subfamily: Gobiinae | |
Genus : Glossogobius Gill | |
34. Glossagobius giuris guiris (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Tank Goby, Kannada: Bhangi sidda] | |
Suborder : Channoidei | |
Family : CHANNIDAE | |
Genus : Channa Scopoli | |
35. Channa marulius (Hamilton - Buchanan), [Comname: Giant Snake -head, Kannada: Avulu] | |
36. Channa striatus (Bloch), [Comname: Stripped Snake, Kannada: Kutchchu] | |
v. CRUSTACEA : | |
Class : Crustacea | |
Subclass : Malacostraca | |
Order : Decapoda | |
Family : PALAEMONIDAE | |
1. Macrobrachium spp | |
2 Caridina spp | |
vi AMPHIBIA : | |
Phylum : Chordata | |
Class : Amphibia | |
Order : Salentia | |
Suborder : Phaneroglossa | |
Family : RANIDAE | |
1 Rana cynophlyctes Schneider | |
vii REPTILIA : | |
Order : Testudinata | |
Family : TRIONYCHIDAE | |
1 Lissemys punctata (Bonnatera) | |
2 Lissemys punctata granosa (Schoepff) | |
Order : Squamata | |
Family : COLUMBRIDAE | |
Subfamily : Homalopsinae | |
3 Natrix piscator (Linnaeus) | |
viii AVES : | |
Family : PHALOCROCORACIDAE | |
1 Phalocrocorax fuscicollis | |
2 Ahinga rufa melanogaster | |
Family : ARDEIDAE | |
3 Ardeola grayii | |
4 Ardea alba | |
ix AQUATIC MAMMAL : | |
Family : LUTRINAE | |
1. Aonyx cinerea nirnai (Pocock) |
Additional
information on species of significance:
Most common local name of the species (Languages) | Indicated |
Scientific name of the species | Indicated |
Habitat favoured | Fluviatile |
Value to local community | Fish landed is used as food. |
Major uses / ill effects | Food values, Fish congregation inclusive of species of fishes results in depletion of fishery. |
Value of global relevance (as rare, threatened of endangered) | Tor khudree, Puntius carnaticus Gonoproktopterus, dubius Labeo calbasu L. finbriatus, C. Cirrhinus are the important threatened fish species of the river; therefore these fishes need be protected. |
History of significant species / variety :
Most common name of the species | Indicated |
Scientific name | Indicated |
Most common local name of species | Indicated |
Existing management authority | Department of Fisheries |
Fish breeding season | Monsoon / Post monsoon |
Fishing methods | Gillnets, castnets, dragnets, long-lines, rod and line. |
Current level of abundance | Markedly decreased |
Trend in abundance in last 10-15 / 40-50 years | Markedly decreased. |
Significant ecological processes influencing the species | Reduced flow of water. Drawal of water for hydro power generation. Fish congregation have resulted in reduced fish population. |
Significant man-induced processes influencing the species / variety | Indiscriminate fishing. |
Reasons for the ongoing changes | As at 5(c) 9 above. |
Gainers - Internal / External | Fishermen, Fish consumers. |
Losers -Internal / External | Reduction of population in nature affecting fishery. |
Desired changes / Desired future | The area may be declared as a 'fish sanctuary'. |
Desired management system | Fishing should be prohibited. |
Suggested component for a feasible management plan for the species | Department of Fisheries may replenish stocks of threatened fish in K.R. Sagar |
MANAGEMENT |
Perspectives of others
Desired response options of different members of local or outside communities / institutions / government agencies / industrial or mining undertaking etc. | Public are of the opinion that indiscriminate fishing should be stopped. |
Significance of management issues and response options | When there is sufficient water in the reservoirs located in the upper reaches, may release sufficient water to maintain normal flow of water in the river. |
Management issues pertaining to | |
Habitat and /or Species / Variety | The entire area may be declared as a sanctuary. |
Customery / Administrative | Department of Fisheries is issuing Licences for fishing. |
Since how long the arrangements have bee in practice | Since many years |
Changes, if any, in management pattern over last 10-15 / 40-50 years | Nil |
Desired changes / Desired future | The area may be declared as 'fish sanctuary'. |
Desired management system | Fisheries Department should control fishing dynamiting and take action to declare as 'fish sanctuary' and also develop the area. |
Perspectives of Investigators | Fishing should be totally banned. Fish fauna of the area may be assessed. Threatened fish species may be rehabilitated. |
Desired and feasible pattern of management that should be promoted in the opinion of the investigator | As stated, the entire Seethe bachalu area may be declared as sanctuary. No fishing should be allowed. Dynamiting and poisoning should be prevented. Proper watch and ward should be arranged. ANGO may be formed to take care of the area. |
Suggested strategy for promoting this desired patterns of management and the communication needs for the purpose | Suitable name board may be fixed to indicate Do's and Dont's. A committee consisting of Officers from Fisheries Forest, Tourism, Muzarai may be constitute to over see the development and management of the area. |
Cultural, religious, recreational, scenic, tourist significance of the Hotspot. | Religious , scenic, Tourists. |
Ecological evaluation of the hotspot | Sensitive area as fish congregates at the foot of the 'falls'. |
Suggested follow - up investigation | As in 6 (b) above. |
Any other suggested follow - up | Nil |
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