Abstract: The Nilgiri wildlife Association for a long time known as Nilgiri Game Association was formed in Ootacmund in 1877 by a band of keen sport men,who feared that discriminated shooting and fishing that was then taking place would exterminate all game and fish in the Nilgiris unless immediate action was taken. The stated objects were 'the preservation and management of the existing wild life in the Nilgiris District adjoining areas under Madras Act II of 1879 and the introduction and preservation of other birds mabimalsab fish. As a result, in 1879 the Government of Madras passed the Nilgiris Game and fish preservation Act.