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TITLE: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FRUIT-EATING BIRDS AND BIRD-DISPERED PLANTS IN THE TROPICAL DRY EVERGREEN FOREST OF POINT CALIMERE, SOUTH INDIA
Author: P.Balasubramanian
Journal, Bombay Natural History Society,Vol 93 (1), December 1996.Page no 428
Abstract

Abstract: This paper examines interactions between 64 fleshy-fruited plants and 20 fruit-eating birds in a tropical dry evergreen forest at Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, India. Seasonal patterns of frugivore availability, fruiting phenology, fruit color, fruit size and gape of grugivorous birds were studied and coompared. The timing of fruiting and frugivore abundance were significantly correlated. There was a peak in the number of plants in ripe fruits during post monsoon when there was a peak in the frugivorus bird population. Fruiting decreased during summer and pre-monsoon and the frugivorus bird abundance was low in this period. Species such as Walsura trifolia, Azadirachta indica, Lannea coromadelica, Crateva adansonii that fruited during summer were found to be keystone food resources for fruit eating birds. Most bird-dispersed fruits appear red or black (to human eyes). Yellow, blue, white, green and orange are the other bird -fruit colors, but are uncommon. The color spectra of birds and the number of fruit species eaten by frugivorus birds were not correlated. Birds ate fruits irrespective of their sizes. For more those plants which posses fruits with smaller seeds, birds are suitable disperses. In the case of large seeded fruits, birds ate only pulp and seeds were dropped. For there plant species, mammals (eg Cynopterus sphinx and Canis aureus) are the suitable disperses.